dolichocephaly

(3,) (4,) (8) Our patient exhibited dolichocephaly and brachycephaly as the main brain abnormalities and had a clinical record of craniosynostosis; previously reported in one other patient.

The case was diagnosed as SGS because of dolichocephaly, large anteriorfontanel, hypertelorism, ocular proptosis, posteriorly located, low-set ears, microretrognatia, pectus carinatum, umbilical hernia and hydrocephalus.

Orofacial features of Marfan syndrome include dolichocephaly, malar hypoplasia, long and narrow face, frontal bossing, prominent supraorbital ridges, maxillary and mandibular retrognathia, skeletal malocclusion, hypermobility of the temporomandibular joint.

Height 105 Dolichocephaly 49.49 5.45 36.88 58.93 (FI/FB) Mesocephaly 48.25 5.25 37.94 62.23 Brachycephaly 48.01 6.62 22.47 58.01 Width 105 Dolichocephaly 32.40 3.95 23.31 42.34 (FA/FP) Mesocephaly 31.82 2.92 26.58 40.40 Brachycephaly 30.44 3.72 23.60 39.90 Measurement n p* Height 105 (FI/FB) 0.52 Width 105 (FA/FP) 0.066** *= ANOVA--statistical F; **= Statistically significant.

Physical characteristics are more evident in infancy and may include a disproportionately long head (dolichocephaly), narrow bifrontal diameter, almond-shaped eyes, thin upper lip with downturned mouth, and small hands and feet.

Four categories of skull shape have been established: CI up to 75.9, dolichocephaly; CI: 76.0-80.9, mesocephaly; CI: 81.0-85.4, brachycephaly; CI: 85.5 or above hyperbrachycephaly.

For example, researchers are beginning to identify which genes cause a Bulldog or a Pug to have short pushed-in faces, or brachycephaly, and those that cause Saluki's or collies to have narrow, elongated snouts, or dolichocephaly.

Craniosynostosis in the forms of dolichocephaly, bracycephaly and trigonocephaly is common.