Defense-independent pitching statistics can be divided into two basic categories: those that use only what are widely considered to be entirely defense-independent statistics (strikeouts, walks, hit batters, balks) and those that include batted-ball data (groundball and fly-ball rates, and so on.).
The "out value" is geared to capturing, for example, a shortstop's misplay of a groundball that allows a baserunner to reach first, or an outfielder's catch of a line drive that would have dropped in for a hit, rather than an outfielder's misplay that turns a would-be double into a triple.) Since the premise is "defense affects pitching usage," I also analyzed pitching performance as measured by fielding-independent pitching (FIP), looking for contrasts between the best and worst defensive teams.
Your job is to say "thank you," tuck the paper gently in your pocket, and go back to drilling your team for the 400th time on making a routine and exceptionally uncomplicated groundball out.
Right Fielder runs down a groundball hit toward the right-field line, and throws to the cutoff man (2nd baseman), who relays the ball to the SS covering 2nd.