Basic to the book is a distinction between "royalism" and "
monarchism." Royalists were those who "identified themselves as supporters of the king's cause and were accepted as such by the Stuart kings themselves" (20).
Because American liberalism never faced the ideological challenges of Europe from the right (
monarchism) or the left (Jacobinism), Hartz worried that it contained a "deep and unwritten tyrannical compulsion." It made us at once "excessively optimistic or utopian" but also "counter-revolutionary or reactionary" and fostered in us "a special kind of pretentiousness or arrogance." We've seen the international manifestations of this liberal militarism since 9/11 in our perpetual wars for perpetual peace.
As Paul Downes writes in Hobbes, Sovereignty and Early American Literature (2015), "Hobbes, if he was mentioned at all in polite company in the 1770s and 1780s, was immediately repudiated as the philosopher of everything the American Revolution sought to eradicate including
monarchism, absolutism, and an epicurean or atheistical refusal to believe in mankind's natural propensity for goodness." In sum, the founders' detestation of Hobbes and their concomitant embrace of Locke together with Aristotle, Cicero, and Sidney means that, unlike Deneen and Hanby, they emphatically did not consider Locke a Hobbesian.
The idea that
monarchism was always facile "mimicry" is itself a Eurocentric assumption, one that elides the political salience of central African monarchies with which many combatants would have been familiar, as well as the sheer popular political salience of a potentially redistributive figure in postwar absence of stable administration.
The motif of Broken Commandment concentrates on criticizing the unreasonable and brutal identity system, the corruption and darkness of educational institution under the
monarchism of the Japanese emperor.
to team up with the British empire to promote liberalism and oppose reactionary
monarchism in Europe.
Without too much difficulty, Hamilton could have done what many American colonists in his time chose to do: remain safely the loyal subject of Britain, comfortably placed to participate in its zealous devotion to
monarchism, mercantilism, and imperialism.
Objectives or opposition to some sociopolitical status quo-from enfranchisement to disenfranchisement,
monarchism to republicanism, more civil liberties to less.
115) achieved by Thai
monarchism from the 1980s onward as something exceptional rather than something natural or durable.
To reduce Aquinas's political positions to a defense of
monarchism, slavery, and the burning of heretics (p.
218)--it is tempting to say that Nelson risks a similar conflation of
monarchism and power.
But there is no consideration of the parallels Milton drew between usury and
monarchism, or of the productive confusion this caused in the poet's own work.
Cole proffers a half-baked thesis not only that 'republican
monarchism is almost a precondition to successful revolt' but also that 'there will be no more republican monarchies'--as depressing as it may be, dictatorships, particularly Arab dictatorships, have proven to have remarkable staying power.
