In addition to the above mentioned clinical and/or ultrasound characteristics, patients need to fulfill one more of the following criteria: hematocrit [greater than or equal to] 45%, leukocytosis> 15,000/ml,
oliguria (<500ml/24h), elevated transaminases above reference, dyspnea, anasarca or acute renal insufficiency.8,9 The therapy most often involved: bed rest, application of crystalloid or colloid solution, anticoagulant therapy if indicated and drainage of ascites in certain cases.
Majority of the malarial AKI patients presented with
oliguria and albuminuria.
However, on multivariate logistic regression analysis, factors associated with increased inpatients mortality (Table 3) included presence of stage III AKI (OR: 3.20, P = 0.04, 95% CI: 1.05-9.72), presence of
oliguria (OR: 3.42, P = 0.006, 95% CI: 1.42-8.22), and need for vasopressors (OR: 6.90, P < 0.001, 95% CI: 2.42-19.65).
His
oliguria and fluid overload responded well to intravenous furosemide and did not require any form of renal replacement therapy.
In that same study, the symptoms of maternal edema and weight gain were the most common (89.3%), followed by increased blood pressure (60.7%), mild anemia and hemodilution (46.4%), proteinuria (42.9%),
oliguria (16.1%), and acute pulmonary edema (21.4%), all of which were present in the patient's medical chart.
The importance of
oliguria in the AKI definition was recently highlighted in a study of more than 30,000 adult ICU patients in which moderate-severe AKI manifesting only as
oliguria was as clinically significant as that manifesting only by serum-creatinine criteria.
The patient was a 22-year-old primigravida woman with term pregnancy who after delivery and episiotomy hematoma and postpartum hemorrhage subsequently suffered from kidney failure,
oliguria, and SSNHL that occurred after 3 days of delivery.
Occasionally, renal replacement therapy may also be necessary in the case of developing
oliguria or when no response to treatment for dehydration is observed.
There are few reports of losartan toxicity reported by Nayar et al, (2003) who found a case of incomplete ossification of skull bones, transient
oliguria and feed intolerance in a newborn, following in utero exposure to losartan.
In this instance, we see slowly developing colicky pain that comes and goes suddenly, originates on the right side and may travel to the left, accompanied by back pain in the region of the kidneys,
oliguria, and nocturnal polyuria.
Studies on the effects of increased intra-abdominal pressure and volume expansion on renal function with the use of animals, such as rats (Hazebroek et al., 2003; Fagundes, Montero, Novo, & Bandeira, 2001; Lee et al., 1999), pigs (London et al., 2000; Lindberg, Bergqvist, Bjorck, & Rasmussen, 2003; Gudmundsson, Viste, & Myking, 2003), rabbits (Guler, Sade, & Kirkali, 1998; Bentes de Souza, Wang, & Chu, 2003) and humans (Hawasli et al., 2003; Nguyen, Perez, Fleming, Rivers, & Wolfe, 2002; Perez et al., 2002), have brought new knowledge on
oliguria, which occurs in laparoscopic procedures and how to reduce such deleterious effects.
One month prior to admission, the patient complained of nausea, loss of appetite, decreased water intake, dysgeusia, watery diarrhea, and
oliguria. On admission, he was alert and afebrile, with a BP of 118/59 mmHg, a HR of 67 bpm, a Sp[O.sub.2] of 99% (room air), and a RR of 16/min.
Renal manifestations vary widely and can range from hematuria and proteinuria to rapidly progressing renal failure with
oliguria, fluid overload, and severe hypertension.
He developed
oliguria; bowel sounds were sluggish to absent, abdomen distension persisted, and there was severe abdominal tenderness with no passage of stool or flatus.
