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El camino del guerrero y El arte de la guerra

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Este diálogo entre el Hagakure y El arte de la guerra nos invita a reflexionar sobre la forma en que Japón y China han condensado su saber sobre la figura del guerrero y las diversas formas en que uno debe conducirse por la vida para alcanzar sus objetivos. Veremos que estos textos poseen muchos puntos en común, pero me gustaría remarcar primero que para estos pueblos el guerrero es, ante todo, un héroe. En su origen griego, la palabra "héroe" deriva de "Eros" (dios del amor, hijo de Venus). Héroe es entonces el amante-guerrero: su acción tiene como motor al amor y ese sentimiento es pasión y dedicación por lo que hace en cada instante. Esta es una de las claves para entender ambos textos; la pasión impulsa a estos verdaderos artistas, sólo eso les permite ser capaces de sacrificar su vida por la causa que creen justa. En este sentido, todos somos guerreros o deberíamos serlo. Para el oriental este ser y hacer constituyen un arte. Ahora bien, existen guerreros porque hay competencia. Cuando dos guerreros compiten por lo mismo se vuelven rivales. Etimológicamente "rival" significa "el que quiere lo mismo". Cuando queremos lo mismo y sólo uno puede tenerlo, surge entonces el conflicto. Este conflicto puede ser considerado como un movimiento activo hacia la solución.

137 pages, Kindle Edition

Published May 3, 2019

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Yamamoto Tsunetomo

42 books163 followers
Yamamoto Tsunetomo (山本 常朝), also read Yamamoto Jōchō (June 11, 1659 – November 30, 1719), was a samurai of the Saga Domain in Hizen Province under his lord Nabeshima Mitsushige.

For thirty years Yamamoto devoted his life to the service of his lord and clan. When Nabeshima died in 1700, Yamamoto did not choose to follow his master in death in junshi because the master had expressed a dislike of the practice in his life. After some disagreements with Nabeshima's successor, Yamamoto renounced the world and retired to a hermitage in the mountains. Later in life (between 1709 and 1716), he narrated many of his thoughts to a fellow samurai, Tashiro Tsuramoto. Many of these aphorisms concerned his lord's father and grandfather Naoshige and the failing ways of the samurai caste. These commentaries were compiled and published in 1716 under the title of Hagakure, a word that can be translated as either In the Shadow of Leaves or Hidden Leaves.

The Hagakure was not widely known during the years following Tsunetomo's death, but by the 1930s it had become one of the most famous representatives of bushido taught in Japan. In 2011 a manga/comic book version was published Hagakure: The Manga Edition, translated by William Scott Wilson, adapted by Sean Michael Wilson and Chie Kutsuwada.

Tsunetomo believed that becoming one with death in one's thoughts, even in life, was the highest attainment of purity and focus. He felt that a resolution to die gives rise to a higher state of life, infused with beauty and grace beyond the reach of those concerned with self-preservation. Some viewed him as a man of immediate action due to some of his quotes, and in the Hagakure he criticized the carefully planned Akō vendetta of the Forty-seven rōnin (a major event in his lifetime) for its delayed response.

Yamamoto Tsunetomo is also known as Yamamoto Jōchō, the name he took after retiring and becoming a monk.

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