The running gag of having the pre-credit sequence ending with a character referring to Ann as "that girl" was originally only supposed to be used in the pilot as it was believed that they would never be able to keep finding ways to work it into the conversation. It ended up being used in almost all the episodes.
One of the titles that was being considered for the show was "Miss Independent", which was the nickname Danny Thomas gave Marlo Thomas due to her independent spirit.
The series was supposed to have returned for a sixth season, as ratings were still high and contracts were in place. As was often the case with shows in that era, though, production disagreements led to an unexpected pulling of the plug at the end of season five.
The train in the opening sequence of the series was shot at Secaucus Junction, in Secaucus, NJ. It was filmed out of the back of the train as it headed northwest, then the film was reversed, making it appear to be heading towards Newark. That is why traffic on the New Jersey Turnpike (now the Turnpike Eastern spur) (running parallel to the right, with Laurel Hill in the background) is moving backwards.
According to Marlo Thomas, the relationship between Ann and her father, Lew, was loosely based on her real-life relationship with her father, Danny.