Atoka County, Oklahoma

Atoka County, Oklahoma
The Atoka County Courthouse in Atoka.
Location in the U.S. state of Oklahoma
Oklahoma's location in the U.S.
Founded	1907
Seat	Atoka
Largest city	Atoka
Area
• Total	990 sq mi (2,564 km2)
• Land	976 sq mi (2,528 km2)
• Water	14 sq mi (36 km2), 1.5%
Population (est.)
• (2013)	13,898
• Density	15/sq mi (6/km²)
Congressional district	2nd
Time zone	Central: UTC-6/-5

Atoka County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2010 census, the population was 14,007. Its county seat is Atoka. The county was formed before statehood from Choctaw Lands, and its name honors a Choctaw Chief named Atoka.

History

Map of Atoka County, 1909

The area encompassed by the present Atoka County was originally part of Shappaway County in the Pushmataha District of the Choctaw Nation. About 1854, the area was formally designated Atoka County. The name, which honored Choctaw Chief Atoka, a leader of a party which migrated from Georgia to Indian Territory, was retained when Oklahoma became a state.

In 1858, the Butterfield and Overland established a stage route through the area. One station, Waddell's was near Wesley, a second station, Geary's was between Waddell's and the Muddy Boggy River, while a third was at Boggy Depot.

During the Civil War, Confederate troops established a supply depot named Camp Boggy Depot. After the war, the town of Atoka was established. In 1872, the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railway (nicknamed the Katy) built a track through the county. It bypassed Boggy Depot and passed through Atoka, increasing the importance of Atoka and contributing to the decline of Boggy Depot.

The economy of Atoka County has been largely built on coal mining, limestone quarrying, forestry and agriculture. Cattle raising became the leading business in the mid-twentieth century. A major employer is the Oklahoma State Penitentiary Farm (renamed the Mack H. Alford Correctional Center), a medium security prison that opened in 1933.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 990 square miles (2,600 km²), of which 976 square miles (2,530 km²) is land and 14 square miles (36 km²) (1.5%) is water.

Atoka County is drained by North Boggy, Clear Boggy and Muddy Boggy Creeks, which are tributaries of the Red River. Atoka Reservoir is in the northern section of the county. The Ouachita Mountains are in the eastern part of the county, while the Sandstone Hills and Coastal Plains physiographic regions provide a more level terrain suitable for agriculture in the north and western part of the county.

About 12 miles WSW of the town of Atoka is Boggy Depot State Park, the historic site of a once large community on the Butterfield Overland Mail stagecoach route.

Major highways

• U.S. Highway 69
• U.S. Highway 75
• State Highway 3
• State Highway 7
• State Highway 43
• Indian Nation Turnpike

Adjacent counties

• Pittsburg County (north)
• Pushmataha County (east)
• Choctaw County (southeast)
• Bryan County (south)
• Johnston County (west)
• Coal County (northwest)

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1910	13,808		—
1920	20,862		51.1%
1930	14,533		−30.3%
1940	18,702		28.7%
1950	14,269		−23.7%
1960	10,352		−27.5%
1970	10,972		6.0%
1980	12,748		16.2%
1990	12,778		0.2%
2000	13,879		8.6%
2010	14,182		2.2%
Est. 2014	13,796		−2.7%
U.S. Decennial Census 1790-1960 1900-1990 1990-2000 2010-2013

Age pyramid for Atoka County, Oklahoma, based on census 2000 data.

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 14,182 people, 4,964 households, and 3,504 families residing in the county. The population density was 14 people per square mile (5.5/km²). There were 5,673 housing units at an average density of 6 per square mile (2/km²). 73.8% of the population were White, 13.8% Native American, 3.7% Black or African American, 0.4% Asian, 1.1% of some other race and 7.1% of two or more races. 2.9% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). 24.5% were of American, 11.7% Irish and 8.5% German ancestry. 97.4% spoke English and 1.4% Spanish as their first language.

There were 4,964 households out of which 31.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.90% were married couples living together, 10.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.40% were non-families. 27.10% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the county, the population was spread out with 23.60% under the age of 18, 8.20% from 18 to 24, 29.10% from 25 to 44, 24.30% from 45 to 64, and 14.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 117.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 119.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $24,752, and the median income for a family was $29,409. Males had a median income of $26,193 versus $18,861 for females. The per capita income for the county was $12,919. About 15.70% of families and 19.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.40% of those under age 18 and 21.10% of those age 65 or over.

Politics

Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of January 15, 2013
Party		Number of Voters	Percentage
	Democratic	5,458	72.20%
	Republican	1,563	20.67%
	Unaffiliated	539	7.13%
Total		7,560	100%

Presidential election results

Year	Republican	Democrat
2012	74% 3,534	26% 1,241
2008	71.9% 3,511	28.1% 1,370
2004	61.8% 3,142	38.2% 1,946
2000	54.9% 2,375	44.1% 1,906

Government and infrastructure

The Oklahoma Department of Corrections operates the Mack Alford Correctional Center in an unincorporated area, near Stringtown.

Communities

• Atoka (county seat)
• Bentley
• Bethany
• Blackjack
• Boehler
• Boggy Depot
• Bruno
• Burg
• Caney
• Centerpoint
• Chockie
• Cook
• Crystal
• Daisy
• Dok
• East Allison
• East Talico
• Farris
• Flora
• Forrest Hill
• Fugate
• Goss
• Grassy Lake
• Half Bank Crossing
• Harmony
• Hickory Hill
• High Hill
• Hopewell
• Iron Stob
• Lane
• Limestone Gap
• Lone Pine
• Mayers Chapel
• McGee Valley
• Mt. Carmel
• Mt. Olive
• Negro Bend
• New Hope
• Nix
• Old Farris
• Patapoe
• Payton Crossing
• Pine Springs
• Plainview
• Pleasant Hill
• Redden
• Reynolds
• Rock Springs
• Standing Rock
• Star
• Stringtown
• Taloah
• Tushka
• Valley View
• Voca
• Wards Chapel
• Wardville
• Webster
• Wesley
• West Allison
• West Telico
• Wilson

NRHP sites

Main article: National Register of Historic Places listings in Atoka County, Oklahoma

The following sites in Atoka County are listed on the National Register of Historic Places:

• Atoka Armory, Atoka
• Atoka Community Building, Atoka
• Isaac Billy Homestead and Family Cemetery, Daisy
• Boggy Depot Site, Atoka
• First Methodist Church Building, Atoka
• First Oil Well in Oklahoma, Wapanucka
• Indian Citizen Building, Atoka
• Captain Charles LeFlore House, Limestone Gap
• Masonic Temple, Atoka
• Bo McAlister Site, Wapanucka
• Middle Boggy Battlefield Site and Confederate Cemetery, Atoka
• Old Atoka County Courthouse, Atoka
• Old Atoka State Bank, Atoka
• Pioneer Club, Atoka
• Joe Ralls House, Atoka
• Captain James S. Standley House, Atoka
• Waddell's Station Site, Wesley
• Zweigel Hardware Store Building, Atoka

Further reading

• Underwood, William Henry. "A History Atoka County, Oklahoma". Bryan County Heritage Association, 1997. 213.

External links

• Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture - Atoka County
• Oklahoma Digital Maps: Digital Collections of Oklahoma and Indian Territory