BMW 3 Series (E46)
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| BMW 3-Series (E46) | |
|---|---|
Pre-facelift BMW 3 Series (E46) sedan
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| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | BMW |
| Production | March 1998 – February 2005 (sedan) April 1999 – June 2006 (coupe) October 1999 – June 2005 (wagon) March 2000 – February 2007 (cabriolet)[1] |
| Assembly | Leipzig, Germany Munich, Germany Regensburg, Germany Toluca, Mexico Rosslyn, South Africa[1] 6th of October City, Egypt[2] Kaliningrad, Russia (Avtotor)[3] Shenyang, China (Brilliance)[4] Jakarta, Indonesia |
| Designer | Erik Goplen (design concept: 1993, 1995; coupe/cabriolet: 1996; touring: 1997) Chris Bangle (sedan: 1995) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Compact executive car (D) |
| Body style | 2-door coupé 2-door convertible 4-door sedan 5-door station wagon 3-door hatchback |
| Layout | Front engine, rear-wheel drive / All-wheel drive |
| Related | BMW M3 BMW X3 (E83) |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 1.9 L M43 4-cyl 1.8-2.0 L N42 4-cyl 2.0 L N46 4-cyl 2.0 L M47 4-cyl diesel 2.0-2.8 L M52 6-cyl 2.2-3.0 L M54 2.9-3.0 L M57 6-cyl diesel 3.2 L S54 6-cyl 4.0 L P60B40 8-cyl |
| Transmission | 5-speed manual 6-speed manual 6-speed sequential manual 4-speed automatic 5-speed automatic |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 107.3 in (2,725 mm) |
| Length | Sedan: 176.0 in (4,470 mm) Wagon: 176.3 in (4,478 mm) Convertible & Coupe: 176.7 in (4,488 mm) |
| Width | Sedan & Wagon: 68.5 in (1,740 mm) Convertible & Coupe: 69.2 in (1,758 mm) |
| Height | Sedan: 55.7 in (1,415 mm) 2000–02 325i Wagon: 55.5 in (1,410 mm) 2000–02 325xi Wagon: 56.3 in (1,430 mm) Convertible: 54.0 in (1,372 mm) Coupe: 53.9 in (1,369 mm) xi Sedan: 56.5 in (1,435 mm) |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | BMW 3 Series (E36) |
| Successor | BMW 3 Series (E90) |
The BMW E46 is the fourth generation of the 3 Series compact executive cars, produced by BMW. It was produced from 1998 when it succeeded the BMW E36.
The E46 was released in May 1998 to worldwide markets in the sedan body style. In 1999, a coupé and touring body style became available to all markets, and the sedan was released in the United States. A convertible and hatchback body style was released in 2000, the latter only for Europe, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. The E46 experienced enormous success in all markets and was widely considered the performance benchmark of its class.[5] The record selling year for the E46 chassis was 2002, when 561,249 vehicles were sold worldwide.[6] The main competitors during the E46's production run were the Alfa Romeo 156, Audi A4, Lexus IS/Toyota Altezza, Mercedes-Benz C-Class, Saab 9-3 and the Volvo S60.
BMW M GmbH produced a high-performance variant of the E46 chassis, designated the M3. This version had a larger, more powerful engine, sportier suspension, a limited slip differential, and various aesthetic modifications. The M3 was released in 2001 and was available in coupé and convertible body styles. It was offered with two transmissions: a standard 6-speed manual or an optional sequential manual gearbox.
Contents
Design
Exterior design
The E46 was developed as an evolutionary replacement for the BMW E36 chassis. In 1995, the general exterior design of the E46 by Erik Goplen was approved and as a result DesignworksUSA was contracted by BMW to work alongside BMW Group's in-house design team to create the exterior body work for the 3-Series range in February 1996.[7][8] Based on the E36 body shell, the design team put an emphasis on improving aerodynamics and increasing the car's aggressive stance.[7] Design patents were filed in Germany on July 16, 1997 and in the US on January 16, 1998.[9] While the styling of the E46 was seen as an evolution of the extremely successful previous generation 3-series, it was not immediately embraced by either the buying public, or the automotive press. Word leaked out in the press that the BMW stylists were unhappy in raising the roof-line, and the general "rounding" of the body panels in comparison to the more squarish E36 series. Chris Bangle was responsible through January 1996 for the production saloon exterior, as evident in the 1997 design patent. Production development of the saloon took 24 months from January 1996 to January 1998. Goplen designed the production coupé and estate during 1996–1997.[10]
Interior design
Since the start of production, the entire in-car entertainment system (Radio Function, Navigation System, Television and Telecommunications systems) is based on a very flexible automotive computer system.[11] As a result the E46 models can all be easily upgraded with the newest BMW technologies including BMW's Bluetooth System, the DVD based Navigation system, as well as BMW's CD changers that play MP3s[12]
Weight and rigidity goals
An emphasis was put on reducing unsprung weight and increasing structural rigidity rather than increasing power output: the highest displacement model at release, the E46 328, had only 3 horsepower more than the E36 328.[13] To counter this small power increase, the body shell of the E46 was claimed by BMW to be 70% more rigid than the E36's,[13] and aluminum suspension components were used increasingly in order to decrease unsprung weight.[13] However, with a curb weight of 1450 kg,[14][15] the E46 328ci is 55 kilograms (121 lb) heavier than the E36 equivalent.[16][17]
In tune with BMW's core values,[18] the E46 was released with a front engined rear-wheel drive layout with 50/50 weight distribution.[13][19] This balance allows for optimal handling in regard to the drive train layout.
SULEV
BMW introduced a super ultra low emission vehicle (SULEV) into the select regions of the United States to meet stricter emission standards. California, New York, and Massachusetts received the SULEV E46's in 2003, and Vermont in 2004.[20] They received a variant of the M54 engine, the BMW M56.[20] The M56 meets SULEV standards, as well as partial zero emission vehicle (PZEV) and zero evaporative emissions requirements.[20] The M56 is claimed to have identical power as its M54 counterpart.[20]
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Information sticker on the SULEV radiator
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Engine bay of a 2004 325i SULEV
Specifications
| Model | Engine | Year(s) | Displacement | Configuration | Power | Torque | 0–100 km/h (0–62 mph)[21] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 316[22] | M43B19 | 1999–2001 | 1,895 cc (115.6 cu in) | I4, 8v | 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp) | 165 N⋅m (122 ft⋅lbf) | 12.3 s |
| 316[23] | N42B18 | 2001–2005 | 1,796 cc (109.6 cu in) | I4, 16v | 116 PS (85 kW; 114 hp) | 175 N⋅m (129 ft⋅lbf) | 11.0 s |
| 318[24] | M43B19 | 1998–2001 | 1,895 cc (115.6 cu in) | I4, 8v | 118 PS (87 kW; 116 hp) | 180 N⋅m (133 ft⋅lbf) | 10.7 s |
| 318[25] | N42B20 | 2001–2005 | 1,995 cc (121.7 cu in) | I4, 16v | 143 PS (105 kW; 141 hp) | 200 N⋅m (148 ft⋅lbf) | 9.3 s |
| 318Ci[26] | N46B20 | 2003–2006 | 1,995 cc (121.7 cu in) | I4, 16v | 143 PS (105 kW; 141 hp) | 200 N⋅m (148 ft⋅lbf) | 9.3 s |
| 318d[27] | M47D20 | 1999–2001 | 1,951 cc (119.1 cu in) | Turbodiesel I4, 16v | 116 PS (85 kW; 114 hp) | 265 N⋅m (195 ft⋅lbf) | 11.1 s |
| 318d[28] | M47TUD20 | 2001–2005 | 1,995 cc (121.7 cu in) | Turbodiesel I4, 16v | 116 PS (85 kW; 114 hp) | 280 N⋅m (207 ft⋅lbf) | 10.8 s |
| 320[29] | M52TUB20 | 1998–2000 | 1,990 cc (121.4 cu in) | I6, 24v | 150 PS (110 kW; 148 hp) | 190 N⋅m (140 ft⋅lbf) | 9.8 s |
| 320[30] | M54B22 | 2000–2001 | 2,171 cc (132.5 cu in) | I6, 24v | 170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) | 210 N⋅m (155 ft⋅lbf) | 9.0 s |
| 320[31][32] | M54B22 | 2001–2006 | 2,171 cc (132.5 cu in) | I6, 24v | 170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) | 210 N⋅m (155 ft⋅lbf) | 8.9 s |
| 320d[33] | M47D20 | 1998–2001 | 1,951 cc (119.1 cu in) | Turbodiesel I4, 16v | 136 PS (100 kW; 134 hp) | 280 N⋅m (207 ft⋅lbf) | 9.9 s |
| 320d[34] | M47TUD20 | 2001–2003 | 1,995 cc (121.7 cu in) | Turbodiesel I4, 16v | 150 PS (110 kW; 148 hp) | 330 N⋅m (243 ft⋅lbf) | 8.8 s |
| 320d[35][36] | M47TUD20 | 2003–2006 | 1,995 cc (121.7 cu in) | Turbodiesel I4, 16v | 150 PS (110 kW; 148 hp) | 330 N⋅m (243 ft⋅lbf) | 8.7 s |
| 323[37] | M52TUB25 | 1998–2000 | 2,494 cc (152.2 cu in) | I6, 24v | 170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) | 245 N⋅m (181 ft⋅lbf) | 7.9 s |
| 325 (EU)[38][39] | M54B25 | 2001–2006 | 2,494 cc (152.2 cu in) | I6, 24v | 192 PS (141 kW; 189 hp) | 245 N⋅m (181 ft⋅lbf) | 8.0 s |
| 325 (US)[40][41] | M54B25 | 2001–2006 | 2,494 cc (152.2 cu in) | I6, 24v | 186 PS (137 kW; 183 hp) | 237 N⋅m (175 ft⋅lbf) | 8.4 s |
| 328[42] | M52TUB28 | 1998–2000 | 2,793 cc (170.4 cu in) | I6, 24v | 193 PS (142 kW; 190 hp) | 280 N⋅m (207 ft⋅lbf) | 7.1 s |
| 330[43][44][45] | M54B30 | 2000–2006 | 2,979 cc (181.8 cu in) | I6, 24v | 231 PS (170 kW; 228 hp) | 300 N⋅m (221 ft⋅lbf) | 6.6 s |
| 330 (US)[46][47] | M54B30 | 2003–2006 | 2,979 cc (181.8 cu in) | I6, 24v | 228 PS (168 kW; 225 hp) | 290 N⋅m (214 ft⋅lbf) | 6.8 s |
| 330d[48][49] | M57D30 | 1999–2002 | 2,926 cc (178.6 cu in) | Turbodiesel I6, 24v | 184 PS (135 kW; 181 hp) | 390 N⋅m (288 ft⋅lbf) | 8.1 s |
| 330d[50] | M57TUD30 | 2003–2005 | 2,993 cc (182.6 cu in) | Turbodiesel I6, 24v | 204 PS (150 kW; 201 hp) | 410 N⋅m (302 ft⋅lbf) | 7.1 s |
| 330 ZHP[51] | M54B30 | 2003–2006 | 2,979 cc (181.8 cu in) | I6, 24v | 238 PS (175 kW; 235 hp) | 301 N⋅m (222 ft⋅lbf) | 6.1 s |
| M3 (EU)[52] | S54B32 | 2000–2006 | 3,246 cc (198.1 cu in) | I6, 24v | 343 PS (252 kW; 338 hp) | 365 N⋅m (269 ft⋅lbf) | 4.7 s |
| M3 (US)[53] | S54B32 | 2000–2006 | 3,246 cc (198.1 cu in) | I6, 24v | 337 PS (248 kW; 332 hp) | 355 N⋅m (262 ft⋅lbf) | 5.0 s |
| M3 CSL[54] | S54B32 | 2003–2004 | 3,246 cc (198.1 cu in) | I6, 24v | 360 PS (265 kW; 355 hp) | 370 N⋅m (273 ft⋅lbf) | 4.3 s |
| M3 GTR Strassenversion[55] | P60B40 | 2002 | 3,997 cc (243.9 cu in) | V8, 32v | Lua error in Module:Convert at line 272: attempt to index local 'cat' (a nil value). | 480 N⋅m (354 ft⋅lbf) |
Performance package (ZHP)
The performance package was an inclusive option (sold in North America) given to E46 sedans from 2003 to 2005, coupes and convertibles from 2004 to 2006.[56] It included various aesthetic changes over the regular 3 series, as well as functional and mechanical enhancements. The ZHP was equipped with sportier cam shafts and a more aggressive DME tune to increase power from 225 hp (168 kW) to 235 hp (175 kW).[56] Suspension was modified over the standard suspension with firmer springs and dampers, larger anti-roll bars, stronger front control arm ball joints, a lower ride height, and slightly more negative camber.[57] Car and Driver magazine track-tested the car, which returned a 0–60 mph time of 5.6 seconds and passed through the 1/4 mile in 14.3 seconds.[57]
M3
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Motorsport
Andy Priaulx was the champion of the 2004 European Touring Car Championship season and 2005 World Touring Car Championship season driving a 320i.[58] Franz Engstler won the 2006 Asian Touring Car Championship season in a 320i.[59]
The car has further competed in the British Touring Car Championship, the European Touring Car Cup and the Russian Touring Car Championship.
Gallery
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Sedan (pre-facelift)
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Sedan (pre-facelift)
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Sedan Front (facelift)
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Sedan Rear (facelift)
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Coupe (pre-facelift)
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Coupe (pre-facelift)
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Cabriolet (pre-facelift)
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Cabriolet (facelift)
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Touring (facelift)
References
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- ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Figures are for saloons/coupes with manual transmission.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ 56.0 56.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 57.0 57.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 2005 Championship point standings Retrieved on 22 February 2012
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
External links
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to BMW E46. |
- BMW 3-series at DMOZ
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| Compact | 1 Series | E82 / E88 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| F46 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 Series Compact | E36/5 | E46/5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compact executive | 3 Series | E21 | E30 | E36 | E46 | E90 / E91 / E92 / E93 | F30 / F31 / F35 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 Series | F32 / F33 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| F36 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Executive | 5 Series | E12 | E28 | E34 | E39 | E60 / E61 | F10 / F11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Luxury | 6 Series | E24 | E63 / E64 | F12 / F13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| F06 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7 Series | E23 | E32 | E38 | E65 / E66 / E67 / E68 | F01 / F02 / F03 / F04 | G11 / G12 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GT | 8 Series | E31 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Roadster | Z Series | E30 (Z1) | E36/7 & E36/8 (Z3) | E85 / E86 (Z4) | E89 (Z4) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| M | 1 Series M | E82 M | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| M2 | F22 M2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| M3 | E30 M3 | E36 M3 | E46 M3 | E90/92/93 M3 | F80 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| M4 | F82 / F83 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| M5 | E28 M5 | E34 M5 | E39 M5 | E60/61 M5 | F10 M5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| M6 | E24 M635CSi/M6 | E63/64 M6 | F06/12/13 M6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| M Roadster | E36/7 (Z3) M | E85 (Z4) M | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| M Coupé | E36/8 M Coupé | E86 M Coupé | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sports car | E26 (M1) | E52 (Z8) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SUV | X1 | E84 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| X3 | E83 | F25 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| X4 | F26 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| X5 | E53 | E70 | F15 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| X6 | E71 / E72 | F16 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PAV | 3 GT | F34 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 GT | F07 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i | i3 | I01 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| i8 | I12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
