Alstom Citadis

A Citadis 302 in Mulhouse

A Citadis 401 in Dublin

A Citadis 402 in Paris

The Citadis is a family of low-floor trams (streetcars) and light rail vehicles built by Alstom. More than 1140 Citadis trams are in use in over 28 cities, including: Bordeaux, Grenoble, Lyon, Montpellier, Rouen, Orléans, the Paris area, Nottingham, Algiers, Oran, Constantine, Barcelona, Dubai, Dublin, Istanbul, Gdańsk, Katowice, Adelaide, Melbourne, Jerusalem, Rabat, Casablanca, Tunis and Rotterdam outside France. An evolution of Alstom's earlier TFS vehicle, most Citadis trams are made in Alstom's factories in La Rochelle, Reichshoffen and Valenciennes, France, and in Barcelona, Spain.

Competitors to the Citadis include Bombardier Transportation's Flexity family, Siemens's Combino, Avenio, S70/Avanto trams and LRVs, CAF's Urbos, Škoda ForCity and other Škoda tramcars, AnsaldoBreda Sirio, TMK 2200 from Crotram and Kinki Sharyo LRVs.

Citadis types

The Citadis family includes both partial and fully low-floor trams and LRVs, in versions with three (20x), five (30x), seven (40x), and nine (50x) sections. It comprises the following standard variants:

Articulated models

• Citadis 100 – three section, 70% low floor, originally designed and manufactured by Konstal in Chorzów for the Polish market (Katowice, Gdańsk)
• Citadis 202 – three section, 100% low floor (Melbourne)
• Citadis 301 – three section, 70% low floor (Orléans)
  • Citadis 301 CIS – 100% low floor version with IPOMOS bogies on Russian gauge (Moscow)
• Citadis 302 – five sections, 100% low floor (Algiers, Adelaide, Lyon, Bordeaux, Paris T2 and T7, Valenciennes, Rotterdam, Buenos Aires, Madrid, Melbourne, Nice, Murcia, Barcelona, Jerusalem, Le Havre and Nottingham)
• Citadis 401 – five sections, 70% low floor (Montpellier and Dublin, some converted from 301s)
• Citadis 402 – seven sections, 100% low floor (Bordeaux, Dublin, Grenoble, Lyon, Paris T3, Dubai, Rio de Janeiro, Oran, Constantine)
• Citadis 502 – nine sections, 100% low floor (Dublin)
  • Citadis 403 – variant of the 402, with modified end bogie design (Strasbourg)
• Citadis X-04 (204, 304, 404) – 100% low floor, next generation design for Central and Eastern Europe (Istanbul)
• Citadis X-05 (205, 305, 405) – 100% low floor, next generation design for worldwide export (Sydney, Nice)

Specialty models

• Regio-Citadis – three sections, 70% low floor tram-train (Kassel, The Hague, Salzgitter)
• Citadis Dualis – 42 m (137.8 ft) or 52 m (170.6 ft) long, 100% low-floor tram-train (operated by the SNCF, see below)
• Citadis Compact – 22 m (72.2 ft) long, 100% low floor (Aubagne, Avignon)
• Citadis Spirit – 100% low floor LRV designed for the North American market (Ottawa)

Tram-trains

The “Regio-Citadis” variant is designed for tram-train operation, with trams running on mainline railway tracks; it is used on RegioTram Kassel and RandstadRail in and around The Hague. This train type can be built as a dual-voltage or electro-diesel vehicle with various configurations (diesel/600 VDC, 600 VDC/15 kV 16 2/3 Hz or 600 VDC/Bioenergy/diesel).

The Regio-Citadis model has now been superseded by "Citadis-Dualis", redesigned to operate on the same lines as regional trains (on the TER (Transport express régional) network in France) at up to 100 km/h (62 mph), compared to 70 km/h (43 mph) for the standard Citadis tram), and for stop spacings ranging from 0.5 to 5 km (0.31 to 3.11 mi). A total of 31 sets have been ordered (plus 169 on option) by the SNCF at an average cost of €3.2 million per car (about $4.94 million or £2.5 million).

Power supply

Like most trams, Citadis vehicles are usually powered by overhead electric wires collected by a pantograph, but the trams in several places do not use pantograph current collection entirely.

The most popular solution is Alstom's proprietary ground-level power supply (APS, first used in Bordeaux and subsequently in Angers, Reims, Orleans, Tours, Dubai, and in the future, Sydney), consisting of a third rail which is only powered while it is completely covered by a tram so that there is no risk of a person or animal coming into contact with a live rail. On the networks in France and in Sydney, the trams switch to conventional overhead wires in outer areas, but the Dubai vehicles are the first to employ APS for its entire passenger length (although they are still equipped with pantographs for use in the maintenance depot).

Another option is to use on-board batteries to store electrical power, allowing brief periods of catenary-free operation without the need to install special infrastructure. The Citadis trams in Nice operate off a set of nickel metallic hydride batteries in two large open spaces where overhead wires would be an eyesore.

Ordered Citadis trams

Africa

Country	City	Image	Type	Fleet numbers	Quantity	Year	Length (m)	Width (m)	Comments
Algeria	Algiers		302	101–141	41	2010
Algeria	Constantine		402	101–127	47	2010	43.9		of whom 27 were manufactured in Barcelona and 20 were assembled in Annaba, Algeria.
Algeria	Oran		402	101–130	30	2010	43.9
Morocco	Casablanca		302		74	2012			Single ended - operate in service as back-to-back pairs. Semi permanently coupled.
Morocco	Rabat–Salé		302	32	44	2010			19 double trams (back to back single ended pairs, semi permanently coupled), 6 single bidirectional trams
Tunisia	Tunis		302	401–430	30	2007	32 - 64 in MU	2.4	Single ended - operate in service as back-to-back pairs.

North America

Country	City	Type	Fleet numbers	Quantity	Year	Length (m or ft in)	Width (m or ft in)	Comments
Canada	Ottawa - Confederation Line	Citadis Spirit (variant of 302)		34 (options for more)	2018	49 m or 160 ft 9.1 in	2.65 m or 8 ft 8.3 in	2 car trains totalling 98 m (321 ft 6.3 in) with a capacity of 600 passengers. Train to be built in Hornell, NY and final assembly in Ottawa

South America

Country	City	Image	Type	Fleet numbers	Quantity	Year	Length (m)	Width (m)	Comments
Brazil	Rio de Janeiro		402		32	2016	44	2.650	With APS system
Ecuador	Cuenca		302						With APS system

Mideast

Country	City	Image	Type	Fleet numbers	Quantity	Year	Length (m)	Width (m)	Comments
Israel	Jerusalem		302		46	2009
United Arab Emirates	Dubai		402	001-025	25	2013-2014		2,65	APS

Europe

Country	City	Image	Type	Fleet numbers	No.	Year	Length (m)	Width (m)	Comments
France	Angers		302	1001-1017	17	2009	32.4	2.40
France	Aubagne		Compact		8	2014	22		First Citadis Compact ordered. Options for 10
France	Bordeaux		402	2201 - 2232 2301 - 2306 2501 - 2520 2801 - 2804	62	2002 2003 2005 2008 2011	43.9	2.40
France	Bordeaux		302	2241 - 2246 2541 - 2546	12	2002 2005	32.8	2.40
France	Grenoble		402	6001 - 6035, 6036 - 6050	49	2005, 2009	43	2.40
France	Le Havre		302		22	2011–2012
France	Le Mans		302	01 - 23	23	2007	32.0	2.40
France	Lyon		302	0801 - 0847, 0848 - 0857, 0858 - 0870, 0871 - 0873	70	2000, 2006, 2009, 2010	32.4	2.40
France	Montpellier		301	2001–2028	30	1999–2000	40.9
France	Montpellier		302	2031–2033, 2041–2064	27	2006–2007	32.5
France	Montpellier		402		23		43
France	Mulhouse		302	01 - 27	27	2005–2006	32.5
France	Nice		302	01 - 20, 21 - 28	28	2006–2007, 2010	33
France	Orléans		301	39 - 60	22	2000	29.9	2.32
France	Orléans		302	61 - 81	21	2010–2011	32.3	2.40
France	Paris		302	0401 - 0413, 0414 - 0426, 0427 - 0442, 0442 - 0459	60	2002, 2003, 2008, 2010	32.2	2.40	T2
France	Paris		402	0301 - 0321, 0322 - 0346	46	2006, 2012	43.7	2.65	T3
France	Paris		302		19	2013	32	2.4	T7
France	Paris		302		20	2014	32	2.4	T8
France	Reims		302	101 - 118	18	2010	32.4	2.40
France	Rouen		402		27	2011–2012	40-45	2.40	To replace the TFS
France	Strasbourg		403	2001–2041	41	2005–2006	45.1	2.40
France	Toulouse		302		24	2009–2010	32.4	2.40	Designed by Airbus
France	Tours		402		21	2012–2013	43	2.40	APS
France	Valenciennes		302		33	2006	33	2.40
Germany	Kassel		RegioCitadis	701 - 718	18	2004–2005	36.8	2.65
Germany	Kassel		RegioCitadis	751 - 760	9	2004–2005	36.8	2.65	Hybrid with diesel engine
Ireland	Dublin		301	3001 - 3026	26	2003–2004	40	2.40	Red line, in 2007 extended from 30 to 40 m
Ireland	Dublin		401	4001 - 4014	14	2003–2004	40	2.40	Red line (transferred from green line 2010)
Ireland	Dublin		402	5001 - 5026	26	2009	43		Green line
Netherlands	The Hague		RegioCitadis	4001 - 4054, 4055 - 4072	72	2006, 2011	36.8	2.65
Netherlands	Rotterdam		302	2001–2060	60	2003	31.6	2.4	Unidirectional
Netherlands	Rotterdam		302	2101–2153	53	2011	30	2.4	Unidirectional
Poland	Gdańsk		NGd99	1001–1004	4	1999	26.6	2.35	Marketed as the Konstal NGd99, based on 100 series
Poland	Katowice		116Nd	800–816	17	2000	24	2.35
Spain	Barcelona		302		19	2004	32	2.65	Trambaix network
Spain	Barcelona		302		18	2007	32	2.65	Trambesòs network
Spain	Jaén		302		5	2010	32	2.40
Spain	Madrid		302		70	2007	32		One of those types are in use on the Lidingöbanan in Stockholm, Sweden for testing, as the current cars are getting very old.
Spain	Tenerife		302		20	2007	32.2	2.40
Spain	Murcia		302		11	2011	32	2.40
Turkey	Istanbul		X-04	801-837	37	2009	28	2.65	Able to MU
UK	Nottingham		302	216 - 237	22	2014			NET Citadis poster

Oceania

Country	City	Image	Type	Fleet numbers	Quantity	Year	Length (m)	Width (m)	Comments
Australia	Adelaide		302		6	2010	32	2.4	Purchased from Madrid in 2009, being surplus to their demands.
Australia	Melbourne		202	3001–3036	36	2001–2002	23.0	2.65	Locally designated C-class.
Australia	Melbourne		302	5103, 5106, 5111, 5113, 5123	5	2008–2009	32.5	2.65	Locally designated C2-class. Leased from Mulhouse, France in 2008, and later purchased by the Victorian government.

See also

• Ground-level power supply used in Bordeaux

External links

• Alstom Transport
• Alstom Citadis Trams
• List of all ordered Citadis (en Français/in French) (read the notes written by visitors at the end of the page, because there are some errors in the table)
• «Sensolab drives interior experimentation» - design of Citadis tram interiors for Paris, Le Mans, Angers, Railway Gazette International