Template:Rulers of Ancient Central Asia

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Territories/ dates	Khorasan	Margiana	Bactria	Sogdia	Trans-Jaxartes steppes	Altai Mountains
	Preceded by: Chronology of the Neolithic period
3500–2500 BC	(Eastern migration of the Yamnaya culture from the Pontic steppe through the Eurasian Steppe,as far as the Altai region)
3500–2500 BC						Afanasievo culture (Proto-Tocharian)
2400–2000 BC		Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex
2000–1900 BC		Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex		Andronovo Culture
2000–900 BC				Andronovo Culture
626–539 BC	Median Empire Deioces Phraortes Madius Cyaxares Astyages			Saka Massagetae Tomyris	Saka Skunkha	Saka (Pazyryk Culture)
539–331 BC	Achaemenid Empire Cyrus Cambyses Darius I Xerxes Artaxerxes I Darius II Artaxerxes II Artaxerxes III Artaxerxes IV Darius III				Saka Skunkha	Saka (Pazyryk Culture)
331–256 BC	Hellenistic Period Argead dynasty: Alexander I Philip Alexander II Antigonus Seleucid Empire: Seleucus I Antiochus I Antiochus II				Saka	Yuezhi
256–160 BC	Greco-Bactrian Kingdom Diodotus I Diodotus II Euthydemus I Demetrius I Euthydemus II Antimachus I				Yuezhi	Xiongnu Modu Chanyu Laoshang Hunnic tribes
160–141 BC	Parthian Empire Mithridates I Phraates Hyspaosines Artabanus Mithridates II Gotarzes Mithridates III Orodes I Sinatruces Phraates III Mithridates IV Orodes II Phraates IV Tiridates II Musa Phraates V Orodes III Vonones I Artabanus II Tiridates III Artabanus II Vardanes I Gotarzes II Meherdates Vonones II Vologases I Vardanes II Pacorus II Vologases II Artabanus III Osroes I Vologases III Parthamaspates Sinatruces II Mithridates V Vologases IV Osroes II Vologases V Vologases VI Artabanus IV		Eucratides
141 BC–30 AD			Yuezhi Arseiles Sapadbizes Heraios
30 –224 AD			Kushan Empire Kujula Kadphises Vima Takto Vima Kadphises Kanishka I Huvishka Vasudeva I		Saka
224–350 AD	Sasanian Empire Ardashir I Shapur I Hormizd I Bahram I Bahram II Bahram III Narseh Hormizd II Adur Narseh Shapur II Ardashir II Shapur III Bahram IV Yazdegerd I Shapur IV Khosrow Bahram V Yazdegerd II Hormizd III Peroz I Balash Kavad I Jamasp Kavad I Khosrow I Hormizd IV Khosrow II Bahram VI Chobin Vistahm Khosrow II Kavad II Ardashir III Shahrbaraz Khosrow III Boran Shapur-i Shahrvaraz Azarmidokht Farrukh Hormizd Hormizd VI Khosrow IV Boran Yazdegerd III Peroz III Narsieh		Kushano-Sasanians Ardashir I Peroz I Hormizd I Hormizd II Peroz II Varahran	Kangju Wanunkhur	Saka
320 AD–467 AD			Kidarites Yosada Kirada Peroz Kidara Grumbates Kungas Brahmi Buddhatala Varhran (II) Goboziko
370 AD–540 AD			Alchon Huns Khingila Javukha Mehama Lakhana Udayaditya Aduman Toramana Mihirakula
440 AD–560 AD			Hephthalites Akhshunwar Kun-khi Ghadfar
560 AD–651 AD			First Turkic Khaganate (Ashina Tuwu) Bumin Qaghan Issik Qaghan Muqan Qaghan Taspar Qaghan Ashina Anluo Ishbara Qaghan Bagha Qaghan Tulan Qaghan (Istämi) (Empress Ashina) (Apa Qaghan) (Yangsu Tegin) (Tamgan)
560 AD–625 AD			Western Turks (vassal of the Tang Dynasty 657–742) Niri Qaghan Heshana Khagan Sheguy Tong Yabghu Qaghan
625 AD–651 AD			Tokhara Yabghus Tardush Shad Ishbara Yabgu Wu-shih-po Pantu Nili	Külüg Sibir Irbis Bolun Cabgu Duolu Qaghan Ishbara Tolis Yukuk Shad Irbis Seguy Ashina Helu
651–673 AD	Muslim conquest of Persia
673–751 AD	Muslim conquest of Persia		Muslim conquest of Transoxiana		Second Turkic Khaganate
Rulers of the Ancient Near-East