In 1976, it was demonstrated that tiny wobbles in Earth's orbit led to the great ice-age cycles of the past few million years. This finding had wide implications for climate science and the details remain hotly debated today.
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Maslin, M. Forty years of linking orbits to ice ages. Nature 540, 208–209 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/540208a
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/540208a