Inflammatory diseases articles from across Nature Portfolio

IL-36 receptor is crucial for host defense and tissue repair. Here, the authors describe identification and characterization of low molecular weight inhibitors of the IL-36 receptor using encoded library technologies. This represents a rare example of small molecules inhibiting a member of IL-1 receptor family.

Gain-of-function variants in the gene encoding NLRP3 lead to constitutive inflammasome activation and excessive IL-1β production. In this resource, authors perform functional screening of clinically relevant NLRP3 variants. Structural analysis suggested multiple mechanisms by which variants activate NLRP3 and the identification of pathogenic variants that can sensitize the activation of NLRP3 in response to nigericin and cold temperature exposure.

Analysis of exome sequencing data indicates that the prevalence of DADA2 is higher in China compared with other regions.

Using temporal and spatial tracking of allergen-specific T cells, we describe the gene regulatory networks that drive T helper 2 cells (T_H2 cells) to develop in response to allergens. Spatial microniches of IL-2 in lymph nodes supported the earliest T_H2 cells, demonstrating lymph node localization is a driver of T_H2 cell initiation.

The current state of microbiome research in Africa can be leveraged to encourage the development and implementation of standardized processes for data collection and management. In this Comment, we provide some recommendations to enable the research community to fully harness the richness of the microbiome of African populations and potential opportunities therein.

Cardiomyocytes can activate the type I interferon response in the infarct border zone after myocardial infarction, indicating that the type I interferon pathway, in addition to its well-established role in antiviral responses, is also involved in cardiac injury.