.

IS 3063 : 1994

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~~~ft qT~ 3lrlfaT~r<: ~CfW'1 ~5f~ mq} CfTW~ fqf!lTf~

(~~ ~elur)

Indian Standard

FASTENERS- SINGLE COIL RECTANGULAR SECTION SPRING LOCK- WASHERSSPECIFICATION

( Second Revision )
Second Reprint OcrOBER UDC 621.882.449 1997

.;.

C BIS 1994

BUREAU
MANAK .!tfcuh 19Q4

OF

INDIAN

STANDARDS
ZAFAR MARG

BHAVAN,

9 BAHADUR SHAH NEW DELHI 110002

Bolts, Nuts and Fasteners Accessories Sectional Committee,

LM 14

FOREWORD This Indian Standard ( Second Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Bolts, Nuts and Fasteners Accessories Sectional Committee bad been approved by the Light Mechanical Engineering Division Council. The rectangular section spring lock washers are suitable for use with bolt/nut assemblies of property class 58 or less. For higher property classes other sections such as waveforIil,conical, etc, are generally used. Steel spring lock washers serve to counteract the loss in inherent tension caused by setting or creep of a bolt/nut assembly provided that they are sufficiently resilient to increase the overall resilience of the assembly and that their inherent springiness can compensate for any loss in tension so that the clamping force required to ensure the reliability of the assembly is maintained. There may be a relative movement between bolt and nut if the friction between the clamped components is overcome by transverse forces. If this does occur, loosening of the assembly cannot be prevented by spring lock washers. Thus, when using these components, it should be checked whether the spring lock washers may usefully be applied as the elements maintaining the clamping force. ' This standard was originally published in 1965 and revised in 1972. In the present revision following major changes have been made: ' a) The title and scope have been modified. b) Permanent set test has been modified and aligned with DIN 127 : 1987. c) Permanent load test has been incorporated in line with DIN 127: 1987. d) Free height of spring Jock washers has been incorporated in the table of dimensions. e) Non-preferred sizes have been covered under separate table. I) Spring force test has been incorporated in Annex A for information. In preparation 'of this standard assistance bas been derived from: DIN 121-1987 'Spring lock washers with square ends or tang ends'; DIN 267 ( Part 26 ) : 1987 'Fa~teners - Technical supply conditions - Steels spring washer for bolt/nut assemblies'.

ft-

18 3063 : 1994

Indian Standard

FASTENERSSINGLE COIL RECTANGULAR SECTION SPRING LOCK WASHERS SPECIFICTAION

( Second Revision)
1 SCOPE This standard covers requirements for single coil rectangular section spring lock washers suitable for use with bolt/nut assemblies involving fasteners of property class 58 or less in the size range 2 to 100 mm. 7 FINISH Spring lock washers shall be supplied in natural finish unless otherwise specified by the purchaser. At the request of the purchaser washers may be phosphate coated. nickel plated, tinned, electrogalvanized, copper plated or cadmium plated. The functional properties of the spring lock washers shall not be impaired as a result of the protective coatings. These coated washers shall be subjected to appropriate treatment as given in the relevant electroplating standard to avoid hydrogen embrittlement.
NOTE - The use of hot dip galvanized spring lock washers is not recommended as it entails the loss of physical properties during the process of galvanizing.

~.

2 REFERENCES

The following Indian Standards adjuncts to this standard: [S No.

1501

are necessary
Title

( Part 1 ) : 1984

Method for vickers hardness test for metallic materials: Part 1 HV 5 to HV 100
( second revision )

4072 : 1975 6821 : \973

Steel

for

spring

washers non-

8 DESIGNATlON The spring lock washers shall be designated by the nomenclature, type, nominal size, the number of this standard and the surface protection,

(first revision)

Methods for sampling threaded fasteners

if any.
Example: A spring lock washer of nominal size 10 mm, Type A and with phosphate coating shall be designated as follows: Spring Lock Washer A10 Phosphate coated IS 3063

3 TYPES The spring lock washers two types:

Type A Type B -

shall be of following

Spring lock washers with bent ( deflected or tang) ends. Spring lock washers ( square ) ends. with flat

4 DIMENSIONS

8.1 In case the spring washer is intended for use with LH. thread; die designation shall be modified as follows: Spring Lock Washer LH-A 10 IS 3063 Phosphate coated 9 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 9.1 The flat faces of washers and the inner and outer peripheries shall be smooth and free from knurling, serrations, die-marks, deep scratches etc, although slight feed roll marks shall b~ permissible. 9.2 Washers shall also be free from burrs rust pit marks, loose scale and defects that 'might affect their serviceability.

The dimensions of the spring lock washers shall be as given in Tables lA and lB. 5 MATERIAL The spring lock washers shall be made from suitable steel according to IS 4072 : 1975 to meet the requirements specified. 6 HEAT TREATMENT The spring lock washers after coiling shall be suitably heat treated to a r ardnessof HV 430 to 530.

IS 3063 : 1994 9.3 The clearances and angles of the cut ends shall be in such degree so that the washers do not cause lapping when they are completely compressed and shall not be liable to tangle or link together when in the free condition. 10 SAMPLING AND ACCEPTANCE The sampling and acceptance criteria in accordance with IS 6821 : 1973. 11 TESTS 11.1 Hardness Test The hardness shall be tested in accordance with IS 1501 ( Part 11) :'1984. For checking hardness, the washers shall be lightly ground to assure the removal of a decarburized or plated surface. The values shall be measured, where possible, in the middle of the washer surface at the point of contact with the supporting surface. 11.1 Permanent Set Test The spring lock washer shall be compressed between hardened, flat ground washers (with a hardness of not less than 60 HRC) for two minutes using the compression loads specified in Tables 2A and 2B. The free height of the washers after release of load shall not be less than the values specified in Tables 2A and 2B. 11.3 Permanent Load Test Ten spring lock washers, threaded on a bolt and separated from one another by parallel-faced washers ( hardened to minimum 500 HV) shall not crack or fracture after 48 hours conditioning at ambient temperature under the ccmpression loads specified in Tables 2A and 2B. shall be 11.4 Twist Test A portion of the washer shall be gripped in vice jaws and then equaJ portion shall be gripp c.i in wrench jaws as shown in Fig. J. Edges of the wrench jaws shall be sharp and parallel to the vice jaws. The wrench shall then be r ota te.i in a direction that increases the free height (,f the spring lock' washer till the washer is t w i ~ r cd through an angle of 90. The washer shall shov no sign of fracture.
12 PACKING

Unless otherwise specified, spring lock washers shall be packed in cartons of 100, 500 or 1 000. Each carton shall contain spring lock washers of one size only.
13 MARKING 13.1 Each carton contaimng the spring lock washers shall be marked with the following:
jt

a) b) c) d)

Indication of source of manufacture, Nominal size, Type, and Quantity, Marking

13.2 BIS Certification

The product may also be marked with Standard Mark.

13.2~1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed

by the provisions of Bureau of Indian Standards Act 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made tbe;eunder. The details of conditions under which the licence for the use of Standard Mark may be granted to manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the Bureau of Indian: " Standards.

WRENCH

JAW

r ROTATE J LCLOCKWISE

_--+-

VICE JAW

Washer In Twisted Condition

FIG. 1 TWIST TEST

IS 3063 : 1J9.4 Table lA Dimensions [or Spring Wasbers ( Clause 4)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------~
All dimensions in mi llirne tres ,
A

Ik"
A (2,5 : 1)

.d 1

CHAIN UN SHOWN FOR ,LA TEND SI?'f!1NG LOCK WASH{R

~
TYPE A. TYPE B (RIQiT HAl

=;

.dz

--

.d 2

-1Ln'P( Nom
Site A

.
(LEfT r Nom Hof.HO)

r-hTYPE B

,..--_J>... ___.---.
Basic Tol

d1

d, Max

,Basic

..
Tol

r-

Tol

+
0'3 0'3 0'3 0'3 0'3 0'3 0'4 0'4 0'5 0'5 0'8 I I l'2 1'2

Basic

2') 2'21) 2'51)

n
I)

2'3 2'6

4'4 4'S

st
6'2 7"6 9'2 11'8 14'8

3')
4 5 6 8 10 12 16 20 24 30 36

n
4'1

0'9 1 1 1'3 1'5

s-i
6'1 8'1 10'2 12'2 16'2 20'2 24'S 30'S 36'S

is
2'5 3 3'S 4 5 6 7 8 10

IS'l
2l'l 27'4 33'6 40 48'2 58'2

42') I)
48') 52') 56') 60')
I, I, I, I) 1) I)

4n
49 53 57 61 65 69 73 81 91 )01 Test values

1'2
1'5 )'5 1'5

68'2
75 83 87 91 95 99 103 III l21 131 spring force

t2
12 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14

rs
1'5 1'5 1'5 J'S l'5 1'5 for the

64')
68')

72') " 80') I, 9(Y) I) 100') "

1) I)

0'1 ITI 0'1 0'1 0'1 0'1 0'15 0'15 02 0'2 0'2 0'2 0'25 0'25 0'25 0'25 0'25 O'~5 0'25 0'25 0-25 0'25 0'25 0'25 0'25 0'25

0'5 0'6 0'6 0'8 0'9 1"2 1'6 2 2'2 2'5 )'5 4 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 8

8
8 8 8 8 8 in Annex

0'1 0'1 0'1 0'1 0'1 0'1 0'1 0'1 0'15 0'15 0'2 0'2 0'2 0'2 0'2 0'25 0'25 0'25 0'25 0'25 0'25 0'25 0'25 0'25 0'25 0'25

0'1 0'1 0'1 0'2 0'2 0'2 0'3 0'5 0'5 1'0 )'0 1'0 1'6 1'6 1'6

0'15 0'15 0'15 0'2 0'3 03 0'4 0'4 0'4 0'5 0'8 08

Weight Approx (7'85 kR/dml) kill 000 JI<:S 0'033 0'050 0'053 0'11 0'18 0'36 O'S3 1'60 2'53 3'82 8'91 15'2 26'2 443 67'3

FOf

h
r-

Bolt Not lIT Scrtw

Type A Mi" Max

TypeB

Siu
2 ,2'2 2'5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 16 20 24 30

,
Mcu
1'2 1'4 l"4 l"9

Mi"
1 1'2 1"2 1"6

36
42 48 52 56 60

1'9 2'1 2'7 3'6 4'6 5 5'8 7'8 8'8 II 13'6 )3'6 -15'6 15'6 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18

n
2'5 3'2 4'2 5'4 5'9 6'8 9'2 10'4 13 16'1 16'1

I'S
2'4 3'2 4 4'4 5 7

z:
2'8 3'8 4'7 5'2 5'9 S'3 9'4 1)'8 14'2 14'2

8
10 12 12 14

2
2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 for these without

os
0'8 1 1 I 1 1 I 1 1 1 nominal any sharp

III
123 182 193 203 218 228 240 262 290 318 sizes, angle,

18'4
18'4 21'2 21'2 21'2 21'2 21'2 21'2 21'2 21'2 21'2 sizes.

In
16'5 18'9 18'9 18'9 18'9 18'9 18 '9 18'9 18'9 18'9

14
16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16

64
68 72 80 90 100

IS

test as described

A have not as yet been specified

for these nominal

Test values

for the permanent

set test have not as yet been specified circumference

NOTE - Dimensions specified apply before coating. 'The bend k shall be made on the last tenth of the washer

IS 3063 : 1994 Table 18 Dimensions for Spring Washers of Non-preferred Sizes ( Clause 4)
All dimensions in mil lirnct rcs .

.dZ

;..:

d 2

CHAIN UHE SHOWN FOR HAT END SPRING

LOCK WASHER '

~
TYPE B (RIGHT HAND)

Y
X-X .d z

A (2.5
-~

: 1)

TYPE A

\....

-\

.d

-~

'.
~
riPE A
eil
r-

.
f-lLTYPf
B (LEFT HAND) r ke

N_
Size

Basic

Tol

-+

d.

It Basic

Max

Tol

-.

Weight
Approx

FOt'

b
rA

01 0-15 0"2 0-2 0"2 0"25 0'25 0"25 0"25

Basic

""' Tol

0'1 0'1 O"IS 0'2 0"2 0"2 0'2 0:2 0"25

Nom

(T85
kgfdmJ)

Bolt. Nat or
Scrcw

kg/I 000
0'2 0"3 1"0 1"0 1"0 1"6 1"6 1"6 2 0'15 0"2 0"4 0"4 0"4 0"5 0"8 08 0"8 pcl 0'12 0"93 6"01 9"73 16"5 28"7 63"0 71"7 117

Size
3-5 7 14 18 22 27 33 39 45

.----A-----.
Min Max
1'9 3"6 6"8 7"8 8'8
11

Type A

r---~-Min
1'6 3"2 6 7 8 10 12 12 14

Type B

MaJ

3'~'1 i'l 14 18 22 27 33 39'111 45') "I

'I
1)

3-6 7'1 14'2 18'2 22"5 27'5 33"5 39'S

0-3 0'4 0"5 0"8

6-7 12'8 24'1 29"4 35"9 43 55"2 61"2 71"2

1
1 1"2 1"2 .1"2

1'3 1'5 4"5 5 6 7 10 10 12

0'8 1'6 3 3"S 5 6 6 7

"

2'2 4'2 8 9"2 10"4

13
16-] 16"1 18"4

13"6 ]3"6 15"6

4S"S

1'9 3"8 1"1 8"3 9'4 11 "S 14"2 14"2 16"5

Test values for the spring force test as described in Annex A have not yet been specified for these nominal sizes. Test values for the permanent set test have not as yet been specified for these nominal sizes. without any sharp angle"

NOTE - Dimensions specified apply before coat ing. .The bend k: shall be made on the last tenth of the washer circumference

IS 3063 : 1994
Table 2A Compression Load and Free Height of Washers After Compression ( Clauses 11.2 and 11.3 )
Nominal Size Compression Load N 700 1 160 1 760 3050 5050 7050 12900 20600 30000 56300 88000 127000 204000 298000 Minimum Free Height

Table 2B Compression Load and Free Height of Washers of Non-Preferred Sizes After Compression ( Clauses 11.2 and 11.3 )
Nominal Size mm 7
14

mm
2

mm
0'8 1
1'3 1'4

Compression Load
N

2'5 3 4 5
6

Minimum Free Height mm

2'6

9000 41 300 69000 110000 167000 255000

8 10 12 16 20 24 30 36

1'9 2'6 3'2 3'5 4 5"6

6'4

4'8 56 6'4 8 9'6

18 22 27 33

8 9'6 9'6

ANNEX A ( Foreword and Tables lA and IB )

SPRING FORCE TEST A-I SPRING FORCE TEST
A spring force test may be carried out in order to assess the springiness of spring washers, this test permitting the residual spring force to be determined. Place the washer to be tested in a test device and apply the compression load specified in Tables 4A and 4B the test device being designed to permit as uniform an application of the load as possible. The pressure platen shall have a surface hardness of at least 60 HRC. After two minutes, the load applied to the spring washer shall be slowly and steadily released through a travel of 20 flm, which shall be measured using a precision measuring device ( see A-2 ). The residual spring force shall reach the values specified in Tables 4A and 4B due allowance being made for any deformation of the (est device. The Explanatory Notes device and include characteristics. describe a suitable test examples of spring Table 3 Residual Spring Force ( Clause A-I )
Type of Washer Compression Load Corresponding to the Proof Load for
Property

Class Spring 6'8 lock washer as specified in IS 3063

1)

Residua) Spring Force After Release Through Travel of 20 f-Im as a Percentage of the Compr e , ssion Load 20% for nominal 4 to 5 . 6 to 12 , 40% for nominal 14 to 20 sizes sizes

30% for nominal sizes

50% for nornina l sizes above 20

1)

Spring lock washers which are only intended for bolt/nut assemblies involving fasteners of a property class less than 6'8 are also to be tested at compression loads corresponding to property class 6'8 proof loads.

A-2 EXPLANATORY FORCE TEST

NOTES TO SPRING

The residual spring force values represent provisional specifications, with which experience bas to be gained. Table 3 summanzes the residual spring forces required.

The residual spring forces specified are based on tests and the relevant technical literature, but are not as yet sufficiently sut.sta~tiated for them t? be made mandatory for acceptance mspection at present. Before mandatory data

IS 3063 : 19'4 can be specified, further experience and test results are needed to obtain a statistically substantiated evaluation. The same compression loads used for the permanent set and permanent load tests apply as for the spring force test. When determining the spring characteristic of spring lock washers as part of the spring force test, the effect of the elastic deformation of the test device is to be allowed for by deducting the spring travel originating in the test device from the overall travel (i.e. that of spring' washer and test device ). The relief characteristic for the test device is to be determined as follows. Place a plain washer instead of a spring washer in the test device (see Fig. 2 for example), the plain washer being lapped on both sides .and having a tolerance on parallelism not exceeding 1 J.lmand a hardness of not less than 700 HV. The washer dimensions (inside diameter, outside diameter and thickness) shall be identical to those of the spring washer to be tested. Plot the relief characteristic of the test device starting at the compressions loads specified in Tables 4A and 4B. It is essential that parallel faced washers having the same dimensions as the spring lock washers to be tested be used when recording the relief characteristic of the test device, as different-sized washers will give different characteristics. In Fig. 3, the continuous line represents the total relief characteristic of spring lock washer plus test device for a IS 3063 - A12 - Steel spring lock washer measured under .a compression load of 30 kN, and the dashed line, the relief characteristic of device only. A segment of the relief characteristic of the spring lock washer obtained by subtraction of the two curves is plotted as a chain line. To avoid any reversibility error of the force measuring device and the travel gauge, the values of compression load specified in Tables 2A and 2B may be exceeded by 5% when applying the load. The starting point for measuring the 20 J.lm travel shall however, be the compression load specified ( see Fig. 4 ). Although the 20 f4m travel is in most cases larger than the probable amount of setting of a bolt/nut assembly due to surface roughness and coatings, this travel can be reproduced in the test with relatively greater accuracy than a 5 11m or 10 pm travel. Thus the residual spring forces given in Tables 4A a~d 4B represent lower limit values for the clamping forces of bolt/nut assemblies exhibiting an exceptionally high ~egree of s~tting at parting lines. The free height of sprmg lock washers after removal of the proof load, which Table 4A Compression Loads and Minimum Residual Spring Force ( Clauses A-I and A-2 )
Nominal Size Compression Load
I)

Minimum Residual Spring Force

N

mm
4 5

6 8

10
12 16 20 24 30 36 Corresponding

1)

3050 5 050 7050 12900 20600 30000 56300 88000 127 000 204 000 298 000 to property

600 1 000 2100 3900 6200 9000 22 500 35200 63 000 102 000 149 000 class 6'S,

Table 4B Compression Loads and Minimum Residual Spring Force of Washers of Non-Preferred Sizes ( Clauses A-I and A-2 )
Nominal Size mm Compression N Load Minimum Residual Spring Force
N

14
18 22 27 33

41 300
69000 1I0 000 167000 255000

J 6500 27600 55000 83000

1270eO

was previously the sale spring characteristic specified, gives only little indication of the ability of a spring lock washer to counteract the loosening of a bolt/nut assembly, as the greatest relief travels are in the very flat segment of the characteristic where the forces are very small. The curve plotted in Fig. 3, which covers a relief travel of 02 mm does not reach zero force until after a total relief travel of approximately 35 mm. This shows that, though basically simple, the test device must satisfy a number of requirements if valid, reproducible and repeatable results are to be obtained. Figure 2 illustrates a test device suitable for both electrical and mechanical measurements of travel. For component(s) of the test device the following specifications apply: 1) Low resilience and, if possible, only ( elastic) compressive deformation without flexural deformation of the complete test device. in particular in the zone where the force is transmitted from the pressure platen to the bearing plate and the upper part of the pedestal.

IS 3063: 1994

PRESSUR[ PUTDf (HARDNESS NOT LaS THAN 10 HRC)

BEARING PLATE MEASURING HARDNESS. NOT LrSS THAN P1~M __ 50 HRC) CENTRING PINS

=====r----'

TRAVl CAuct

I II I

FIG.

EXAM~!.B OF TEST DEVICE

30
or SP~IN! LOCK

kN

20

DVIC[ I

1
w 0 0::
0 L...

X
10

o~ __
o
FIG.

-O~~

__

__

__

~_~_~

20

40

60

80 TRAVEL

100

120 -

140

160

180 ~m 200

3 DETERMINATION

OF SPRING

CHARACTERISTIC

( RELIEF CHARACTERISTIC)

FOR A SPRING

LoCK WASHER

A12 LoAD 01'

IS 3063 STEEL

( USING A COMPRESSION

;0 kttl

IS 3063 : 1994 2) Centric bore in the pedestal permitting the passage of the measuring pin of the travel gauge and that of the sleeve specified under item 3. 3) Fastening of travel gauge using a sleeve exactly at the same height as the upper face of the bearing plate so as to ensure that the error resulting from the inherent formation of the gauge is as small as possible. 4) Bearing plate and sleeve removable, so that bearing plates for different washer diameters can be used. 5) All surfaces via'which the force is applied and the deformations of which are included in the travel measurements shall have a roughness, Ra, not exceeding 0'4 ( corresponding to R..not exceeding 16 ). 6) The bearing plate and the pressure platen
COWPRaSfOH lAlD "OR CONICAl SPRING WASHERS

shall have a hardness 60 HRC.

of not less than

7) The pressure platen shall be guided SO as to be parallel to the bearing plate, a useful feature being a play of some tenths of a millimetre in the plane of the bearing plate to compensate for small elastic forces ( this is generally provided for in universal testing machines ). 8) The compression load shall be adjustable to within 2% and it shall be possible to read the residual spring force to within

2%.
9) The dial indicator, the inductive travel gauge or any other travel gauge used may only have a relative repeatability error and reversibility error not exceeding 1 }-lm for any partial measuring range of 40 tlm, the direction of movement of the measuring pin being away from the gauge.

~~--~~~~~~
IcH

COWPMSSIOH lOAD FOR

$PRIMG LOCK WASI-JERS

ao J-'&-i--i--if---t

f
~

~~~

~~F~~~~~ir~r--t---r--;

SPRJHC WASHtRS

e
i40~4\-~~r-~r----i
WINIWUW RESIDUAL ~HG rO!!!RC~E!o..-"'_+-\--le(---t FOR CONICAL SPRlHGWASHERS

CONICAl. SPRING 30 i-~d-.l0.t---fWASHERS

WIH'N\.'N RSJI)UAL ~NG FORCE ----+---i-~-t FOR SPRING LOCK WASH[R$ 20 t--+-..or1---"~

I
WASHERS

SPRING LOCK

WININUM RESIDUAL SPRlHGFO;...RCE~_""""""I--~'----f FOR SPRINGWASHERS 10"--f--f-~1----1

SPR1MG WASHERS

OL-~~~~~~--"

10

20

30 prn-40

REUEF TRAVEL FIG.

FORCES FOR VARIOUS SPRING W.,\SIIBR ( NOfr(INAL SIU

4 GRAPHS REPRESENTING Rm.IEP TRAVELS AND RESIDUAL SPRING 16)

Bureau of Indlan Standards BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and attending to connected matters in the country. Copyright BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form without the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations. Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publication), BIS. Review oflndian Standards Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are needed; if the review .indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of 'BIS Handbook' and 'Standards Monthly Additions'. This Indian Standar~ hasbeen developed from Doc: No. LM 14 ( 5207 ).

..

Amendments Issued Since Publication Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

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Telegrams: Manaksanstha (Cornmon to all offices) Telephone 323 76 17,323 3841

(

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