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    Dental Cements For Use

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    Ahmed Dola
    dentistry

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    Dental Cements For Use

    Uploaded by

    Ahmed Dola
    104 views28 pages
    dentistry

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    dental cements for use

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    dentistry

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    104 views28 pages

    Dental Cements For Use

    Uploaded by

    Ahmed Dola
    dentistry

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    Chapter 45

    Dental Cements
    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA).
    All rights reserved. No part of this product may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including input into or storage in any information system, without permission in writing from the publisher. PowerPoint presentation slides may be displayed and may be reproduced in print form for instructional purposes only, provided a proper copyright notice appears on the last page of each print-out. Produced in the United States of America ISBN 0-7216-9770-4

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Introduction
    Dental cements are a classification of dental materials that are continually used in dentistry. The American Dental Association and the International Standards Organization (ISO) have teamed up to classify dental cements according to their properties and their intended uses in dentistry.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Classification of Cements
    Type I: Luting agents that include
    permanent and temporary cements. Type II: Restorative applications. Type III: Liner or base applications.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Luting Agent
    A material that acts as an adhesive to hold
    together the casting to the tooth structure. Luting agents are designed to be either permanent or temporary.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Permanent Cement
    For the long-term cementation of cast
    restorations such as inlays, crowns, bridges, laminate veneers, and orthodontic fixed appliances.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Temporary Cement
    Temporary cements are used when the
    restoration will have to be removed. Most commonly, temporary cement is selected for the placement of provisional coverage.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Variables Affecting Cements


    Mixing time
    Make sure to follow the manufactures directions for the mixing time, working time, and delivery time. Humidity If the clinical area is warm or humid, premature exposure of the cement to these environments can create a loss of water from the liquid or an addition of moisture to the powder.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Variables Affecting Cements-contd


    Powder to liquid ratio
    Incorporating too much or too little powder will alter the consistency. Temperature Some types of cements put off an exothermic reaction.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Mixing Dental Cements


    Before mixing, read and carefully follow the
    manufacturer's directions for the brand being mixed. Determine the use and then measure the powder and liquid according to the manufacturer's instructions. Place the powder toward one end of the glass slab or paper pad and the liquid toward the opposite end (the space between allows room for mixing).

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Mixing Dental Cements-contd


    Divide the powder into increments. When increment sizes vary, the smaller
    increments are used first. Incorporate each powder increment into the liquid and then mix thoroughly.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Types of Cements

    Zinc-oxide eugenol Zinc phosphate Polycarboxylate Glass ionomer Composite resin

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Zinc Oxide Eugenol


    Chemical Makeup
    Liquid: Eugenol, H2O, acetic acid, zinc acetate, and calcium chloride. Powder: Zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, and silica.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Types of Zinc-Oxide Eugenol


    Type I
    Lacks strength and long-term durability and is used for temporary cementation of provisional coverage. Type II Has reinforcing agents added and is used for the permanent cementation of cast restorations or appliances.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Supply of Zinc-Oxide Eugenol


    Liquid/Powder
    Mixed on an oil-resistant paper pad. Mixing time ranges from 30 to 60 seconds. Setting time in the mouth ranges from 3 to 5 minutes. Paste Supplied as a two-paste system as temporary cement. Pastes are dispensed in equal lengths on a paper pad and mixed.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Zinc Phosphate
    Chemical Makeup
    Liquid: Phosphoric acid, aluminum phosphate, and water. Powder: Zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, and silica.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Types of Zinc Phosphate


    Type I (fine grain)
    Used for the permanent cementation of cast restorations such as crowns, inlays, onlays, and bridges. This material creates the very thin film layer that is necessary for accurate seating of castings. Type II (medium grain) Recommended for use as an insulating base for deep cavity preparations.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Supply of Zinc Phosphate


    Powder/liquid
    Powder is divided into increments that vary in size. It is critical that the powder be added to the liquid in very small increments. Cement must be spatulated slowly over a wide area of a cool, dry, thick glass slab to dissipate the heat.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Polycarboxylate Cements
    Chemical Makeup
    Liquid: Polyacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, and water Powder: Zinc oxide

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Use of Polycarboxylate
    Used as a permanent cement for cast
    restorations, stainless steel crowns, and orthodontic bands. Used as a nonirritating base under both composite or amalgam restorations. Used as an intermediate restoration.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Supply of Polycarboxylate
    Powder/liquid
    Liquid may be measured by using either the plastic squeeze bottle or the calibrated syringe-type liquid dispenser. Liquid has a limited shelf life because it thickens as its water evaporates. Mixed on a nonabsorbent paper pad.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Glass Ionomer
    Chemical Makeup
    Liquid: Itaconic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, and water. Powder: Zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, and calcium.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Types of Glass Ionomer


    Type I
    For the cementation of metal restorations and direct-bonded orthodontic brackets. Type II Designed for restoring areas of erosion near the gingiva. Type III Used as liners and dentin bonding agents.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Benefits of Glass Ionomer


    Powder is an acid-soluble calcium. The slow
    release of fluoride from this powder aids in inhibiting recurrent decay. Causes less trauma or shock to the pulp than many other types of cements. Low solubility in the mouth. Adheres to a slightly moist tooth surface. Has a very thin film thickness, which is excellent for seating ease.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Supply of Glass Ionomer


    Powder/liquid
    Mixed manually on a paper pad or a cool, dry glass slab. Glass slab increases the working time of the cement. Premeasured capsules Triturated and expressed through a dispenser.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Composite Resin
    Chemical Makeup
    Physical properties are comparable to those of composite resins. Low film thickness. Insoluble in the mouth.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Uses of Composite Resin


    Cementation of ceramic or resin inlays and

    onlays. Cementation of ceramic veneers. Cementation of orthodontic bands. Direct bonding of orthodontic brackets. Cementation of all metal castings.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Supply of Composite Resin



    Powder and liquid mix Syringe-type applicator Base and catalyst Light cure/dual cure system Recommended portions of either application are dispensed onto a paper pad and mixed rapidly with a spatula.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

    Cement Removal
    Operator preparedness and knowledge
    Instruments selected for the procedure: Explorer, mouth mirror, black spoon. Use of a fulcrum. Use of dental floss in and around the embrasure areas.

    Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

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