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    Acoustics Lesson 3

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    Syed Basith M
    The document provides an overview of an acoustics course covering: - Measurement of sound transmission and insulation between rooms. - Principles of noise control including identifying noise sources and transmission paths, and techniques for reducing airborne, structure-borne, and radiated noise through enclosures, mufflers, and vibration isolation. - European legislation on sound insulation and noise rating standards.

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    Acoustics Lesson 3

    Uploaded by

    Syed Basith M
    39 views43 pages
    The document provides an overview of an acoustics course covering: - Measurement of sound transmission and insulation between rooms. - Principles of noise control including identifying noise sources and transmission paths, and techniques for reducing airborne, structure-borne, and radiated noise through enclosures, mufflers, and vibration isolation. - European legislation on sound insulation and noise rating standards.

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    The document provides an overview of an acoustics course covering: - Measurement of sound transmission and insulation between rooms. - Principles of noise control including identifying noise sources and transmission paths, and techniques for reducing airborne, structure-borne, and radiated noise through enclosures, mufflers, and vibration isolation. - European legislation on sound insulation and noise rating standards.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    39 views43 pages

    Acoustics Lesson 3

    Uploaded by

    Syed Basith M
    The document provides an overview of an acoustics course covering: - Measurement of sound transmission and insulation between rooms. - Principles of noise control including identifying noise sources and transmission paths, and techniques for reducing airborne, structure-borne, and radiated noise through enclosures, mufflers, and vibration isolation. - European legislation on sound insulation and noise rating standards.

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    Acoustics lesson 3

    Steve Vanlanduit Steve Vanlanduit


    8-10-2012 1 Herhaling titel van presentatie
    Course overview
    Course content: Course content:
    Physics of sound
    Hearing
    Measurement of sound
    Acoustics in enclosed spaces
    Transmission of sound, sound insulation ,
    Practical noise control principles
    European legislation European legislation
    Transmission of sound
    Transmission loss Transmission loss
    Sound reduction index
    The mass-frequency law
    The mass-frequency law
    Exentions: Exentions:
    1. Oblique incidence:
    2. Diffuse incidence:
    The mass-frequency law
    The mass-frequency law
    The mass-frequency law
    Generalization: with wall stiffness

    The mass-frequency law


    with
    The mass-frequency law
    The mass-frequency law
    The concidence effect
    Concidence
    di i condition:
    The concidence effect
    Concidence frequency?
    2
    /(1 ) B EI
    4 2
    c c
    2
    /(1 ) B EI v =
    3
    /12 I d l =
    4
    2
    s
    B
    c f
    m
    t =
    '
    4 2
    4 2
    v v
    B m
    x t
    c c
    '
    =
    c c
    2
    '
    Critical frequency
    2
    2
    crit
    c m
    f
    B t
    '
    =
    64000
    crit
    L
    f
    d c
    =

    2
    (1 )
    L
    E
    c
    v
    | |
    =
    |
    |

    \ . L \ .
    64000
    Density E modulus cL f critical (1 cm)
    Aluminum 2,7 70 5367,1766 1192,433287
    Lead 11 1 16 1265 544 5057 113801
    64000
    crit
    L
    f
    d c
    =

    Lead 11,1 16 1265,544 5057,113801


    Concrete 2,5 48 4618,8022 1385,640646
    CFRP 1,5 1,5 1054,0926 6071,573108
    Coarc 0,18 0,032 444,44444 14400
    L
    , , ,
    Glass 2,5 65 5374,8385 1190,733452
    Steel 7,8 210 5469,4177 1170,142848
    PU 1,2 0,025 152,14515 42065,09242
    The mass-frequency law
    Extesion to complex walls:
    The mass-frequency law
    SRI:
    Thus:
    since
    The mass-frequency law
    Open surface
    Original SRI
    o
    n
    i
    n
    d
    e
    x
    u
    n
    d

    r
    e
    d
    u
    c
    t
    i
    o
    S
    o
    u
    Open surface, in m2
    The mass-frequency law
    Double walls: Double walls:
    1. Extra transmission loss due to air
    gap
    2. Extra resonance frequencies :
    1.Wall on air-spring 1.Wall on air spring
    2.Acoustic resonance in gap
    3.Concidence frequencies 3.Concidence frequencies
    Sound transmission loss measurement
    ISO 140 (1-10): Measurement of sound insulation
    ISO 140-1:1990: lab requirements
    ISO 140-2:1991: repeatability
    ISO 140 3 1995 i b d i l ti i l b ISO 140-3:1995: airborne sound insulation in a lab
    ISO 140-4:1978: airborne sound insulation in-situ
    ISO 140 6:1978: contact noise of floors (lab) ISO 140-6:1978: contact noise of floors (lab)
    ISO 140-7:1978: contact noise of floors (in-situ)
    ISO 717 : Rating of sound insulation
    ISO 717-1:1982: airborne sound insulation ISO 717 1:1982: airborne sound insulation
    ISO 717-2:1982: contact noise
    Sound transmission loss measurement
    Airborne sound insulation in a lab (ISO-3 140: 1995)
    Sound transmission loss measurement
    Airborne sound insulation in a lab (ISO-3 140: 1995)
    Sound transmission loss measurement
    Airborne sound insulation in-situ (ISO-4 140: 1978)
    1 2 10
    0
    10log ( )
    n
    T
    D L L
    T
    = +
    0
    0.5 T =
    0
    T
    10log ( )
    S
    R L L
    '
    = +
    r
    o
    n
    d

    1 2 10
    10log ( ) R L L
    A
    = +
    e
    r
    s
    c
    h
    i
    l

    L
    p
    ,
    a
    c
    h
    t
    e
    r
    g
    r
    o
    r
    r
    e
    c
    t
    i
    e

    Correction of background noise:
    V
    e
    L
    p
    ,
    b
    r
    o
    n

    C
    o
    3dB 3
    4 tot 5 dB 2
    6 tot 9 dB 1
    Sound transmission loss measurement
    Rating of airborne sound insulation (ISO 717-1: 1982)
    Frequency Ref. val ue
    100 33
    125 36
    160 39
    200 42
    250 45
    315 48
    400 51 400 51
    500 52
    630 53
    800 54
    1000 55 1000 55
    1250 56
    1600 56
    2000 56
    2500 56
    3150 56
    In report:
    Ref value at 500Hz after correction
    Anomalies of more than 8dB
    Measurements (corrected and not corrected) Measurements (corrected and not corrected)
    Sound transmission loss measurement
    Contact noise in lab (ISO-6 140: 1978)
    Impact apparatus: Impact apparatus:
    5 hammers of 0.5kg in-line (0.4m)
    Free fall of 40mm
    Steel cylinder 3cm dia, 50cm radius
    Test procedure:
    100ms hammer impacts, hammer impact at 4 locations
    SPL in receiving room
    Measurement of A
    Normalized impact SPL: Normalized impact SPL:
    Course overview
    Course content:
    Physics of sound y
    Hearing
    Measurement of sound Measurement of sound
    Acoustics in enclosed spaces
    Transmission of sound Transmission of sound
    General noise control principles
    E l i l ti European legislation
    Noise control principles
    Noise control principles
    Machine noise control procedure:
    1. Determine active and passive components
    2. Airborne, liquid-borne or structural borne
    sources?
    3. Identify transmission path
    4. Identify radiating surfaces y g
    5. Identify primary contributions (of 2. to 4.)
    6 Use design rules 6. Use design rules
    Noise control principles
    Source localization
    techniques: techniques:
    1. Using an intensity
    meter meter
    2. Using an acoustic
    camera camera
    Noise control principles
    Source localization techniques:
    1. Using an intensity meter
    2. Using an acoustic camera (microphone g ( p
    array)
    3. Using lead-foil g
    Noise control principles
    Airborne sound control:
    1. Reduce pressure drop or
    outlet flow rate
    2. Avoid obstacles in the flow
    3. Improve geometry (nozzle, 3. Improve geometry (nozzle,
    bends, constrictions)
    4. Do not point the flow outlet 4. Do not point the flow outlet
    at panels
    Noise control principles
    Airborne sound control:
    1. Reduce pressure drop or
    outlet flow rate
    2. Avoid obstacles in the flow
    Noise control principles
    Airborne sound control:
    1 Reduce pressure drop or outlet 1. Reduce pressure drop or outlet
    flow rate
    2. Avoid obstacles in the flow
    3. Improve geometry (nozzle,
    bends, constrictions)
    Noise control principles
    Liquid-borne sound control:
    1. See airborne sound control
    2. Prevent cavitation
    Noise control principles
    Structure-borne noise control: Structure borne noise control:
    1. Increase impact time
    2 Decrease impact speed 2. Decrease impact speed
    3. Minimize impact mass, increase
    mass of impacted body
    4. Use appropriate gears and
    bearings
    5 B l t d/ i i i 5. Balance rotors and/or minimize
    rotating mass
    6 Use suitable lubrication in case 6. Use suitable lubrication in case
    of friction
    Noise control principles
    Transmission reduction:
    1 A ti l 1. Acoustic enclosure
    2. Use flexible connections
    3 Acoustic screen 3. Acoustic screen
    4. Use an absorption or reflection
    muffler u
    5. Use discontinuities in the
    vibration transmission
    Noise control principles
    Transmission reduction:
    1 A ti l 1. Acoustic enclosure
    2. Use flexible connections
    Noise control principles
    Transmission reduction:
    1 Acoustic enclosure 1. Acoustic enclosure
    2. Use flexible connections
    3. Acoustic screen 3. Acoustic screen
    Noise control principles
    Reflection muffler
    Transmission reduction:
    1 A ti l 1. Acoustic enclosure
    2. Use flexible connections
    3 Acoustic screen 3. Acoustic screen
    4. Use an absorption or reflection
    muffler
    Absorption muffler
    muffler
    Noise control principles
    Transmission reduction:
    1 A ti l 1. Acoustic enclosure
    2. Use flexible connections
    3 Acoustic screen 3. Acoustic screen
    4. Use an absorption or
    reflection muffler o u
    5. Use discontinuities in the
    vibration transmission
    Noise control principles
    Radiation reduction:
    1 R d th di ti f 1. Reduce the radiation surface
    Noise control principles
    Radiation reduction:
    2 U thi f t d l t ith 2. Use thin perforated plates with
    damping material
    Example exam questions
    Sketch the sound insulation of a wall in function
    of the frequency and explain the different parts in
    the curve.
    Describe how you can measure the transmission
    l b loss between two rooms.
    Give an overview of practical noise control
    i i l principles.

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