Vidyamandir Classes

VMC/Inverse Trigo & Properties of Triangle 1 HWT-Solutions/Mathematics

| | ( (
+ = + + = +
| ( (
\ .
1
1 1
5 5
sin sin

(
= =
(

4.(C)
1 1
2
2
2
1
x
sin tan x
x

| |
=
|
+ \ .
for 1 1 x s s or 1 x s
5.(D)
1 1 1 1
2
sin x cos x tan x tan x

= + =
min
occurs when x = 1 and
2 4 4
min

= =
max
occurs when x = 0 and 0
2 2
max

= =
7.(D) a : b : c =
1 3
1: 3 : 2 : :1
2 2
=

1 3
2 : 2 : 2 : : : :1
2 2
Rsin A RsinB RsinC sin A sinB sinC = =
: :
6 3 2
sin sin sin

=
or : : : :
6 3 2
A B C

= = 1 : 2 : 3
8.(C)
2
2 2 2 2
2
2
2 2 2 2
B C B C A B C
sin cos cos . cos
A b c sin B sinC
cot
A A A A
a sin A
sin . cos sin . cos
+ | | | | | | | |
| | | |
+ +
\ . \ . \ . \ .
= = = =

2 2
A B C
cos cos
| |
=
|
\ .
or
2 2
A B C
= or A + C = B

2
B

=
9.(D) In option (A) we know A, B we know C. We know a side. We know a unique triangle.
In option (B) we know all the sides of the triangle
We know a unique triangle.
In option (C) we know R using which we can calculate sin A from a and hence A. We already know B. Now this case is same as case in
option (A).
In option (D) we know definitely only one side and the opposite angle. In this case, we can draw many triangles.
Inverse Trigonometry HWT - 1
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Inverse Trigo & Properties of Triangle 2 HWT-Solutions/Mathematics
2.(A) Let
1 1
tan x A, tan y B

= = and
1
tan z C

=
tanA tan B tanC tan A . tan B . tanC + + =
, ) 0 tan A B C + + = or
1 1 1
A B C tan x tan y tan z

+ + = = + +
3.(B)
, ) , )
1 1
1 1 1 1 1
2 1 2 1
1 1 1
2 2
2 2
1 2 1 2 2



= = =
| | | |
| |
= =
| |
+ +
\ . \ .

r r n n n
r r
r r r
r r r
tan tan tan tan
.
, )
1
2
4
n
tan

=
5.(B)
, ) , ) 6 8 14
4
2 14
x x
r
s x
A
+ + + +
A A
= = =
+
or , ) 4 14 x A = +
Also , ) , ) , ) , ) , ) , ) , ) 14 6 8 s s a s b s c x x A = = +
, ) , ) 4 14 48 14 x x x + = +
or , ) , )
2
16 14 48 14 x x x + = +
or 14 3 x x + = or 7 84 x = A =
and 3 84 3 3 A = =
6.(C)
2
b ac =
and , ) , ) , ) 2 2 3 2 3 log b log c log a log b log c log a = + or , ) 2 2 3 3 2 log b log c log c log b =
or
2
2
3 2
b c
c b
3 | | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .
2 3 b c = or
3
2
c
b =
2
b ac = gives
2
9
4
c
ac = or
9
4
c
a =
Check that 0 cos A< A is an obtuse angle
7.(D)
2 2 2
cos A cos B cos C cos A cos B cos C
a b c Rsin A Rsin B RsinC
= = = =

2
3
60 3
4
cot A cot B cot C A B C a = = = = = A = =
8.(C) A, B, C are in AP
2 2 2
1
3 2 2
a c b
B cos B
ac
+
= = =

2 2 2
a c ac b + =
Now,
2 2
2
2 2
2
2
2
2 2
A C A C
sin . cos
a c a c sin A sinC A C
cos
b sin B B B
a ac c
sin . cos
+ | | | |
| |
+ + + | | \ . \ .
= = = =
|
| | | | \ .
+
| |
\ . \ .
10.(D) Let , )
1 1 1
f x sin x cos x tan x

= + +
Domain of f (x) is 1 1 x , e (

Now, in its domain , )
1
2
f x tan x

= +
f (x)
min.
occurs at 1 x = . , )
2 4 4
min
f x a

= = =
f (x)
max.
occurs at 1 x = . , )
3
2 4 4
max
f x b

= = + =
Inverse Trigonometry HWT - 2
8
6
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Inverse Trigo & Properties of Triangle 3 HWT-Solutions/Mathematics
1.(D) , )
, )
1 1
2 2
1 1
1
2 2
1 1
sin cot x sin sin
x x
x

(
(
(
+ = =
(

+ +
+ + (

, )
1 1
2 2
1 1
1 1
cos tan x cos cos
x x

(
( = =
(
+ +

We have
2 2
2 2 1 x x x + + = + or
1
2
x =
2.(C)
, )
1 1
2 2
1 1
x x
cos cot x cos cos
x x

| |
| = =
|
+ +
\ .
, )
1 1
2 2
1 1
1 1
sin cot x sin sin
x x

(
( = =
(
+ +

Now,
, ) , )
2
1 1 2
1 xcos cot x sin cot x x
(
+ =
(

, ) , ) , ,
1 2
2
2 1 1 2
1 1 1 x x cos cot x sin cot x x x

(
+ + = +
(

4.(B) According to the question
, ) , ) , )
1 1 1
cos cos cos

= = = or 1 = = =
3 + + =
7.(C)
1
3 4
2
1
3 4 5
5
2
r

A
= = =
+ +
1.(D) , ) , )
1 1 1 1 1
2 2
2 2
2 2 2
1 1
a b
sin sin tan a tan b tan x
a b

| | | |
+ = + =
| |
+ + \ . \ .
, ) , )
1 1 1
tan x tan a tan b

= + or , ) , )
1 1
1
a b
x tan tan a tan b
ab

+
(
= + =


5.(C) , ) , ) , )
, )
2
2 2 2 2
2 a b c b c a b c a b c a bc bc + + + = + = + + =

2 2 2
2
b c a
bc

+
+ = or 2 2 cos A + =
As A is the angle of a triangle maximum value of occurs when
3
A

= or
1
2
cos A = which is 3.
6.(C) , ) , ) , ) , )
1 1 1 1
2 2 sin cos cos x sin sin x sin x x

(
( + = +


1
0 0 sin

= = (

7.(A)
, ) , ) , )
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
a cos B cos C b cos C cos A c cos A cos B + +
, ) , ) , ) , ) , ) , )
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
4 1 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 0 R sin A sin B sin C R sin B sin C sin A R sin C sin A sin B
( ( (
= + + =
( ( (

Inverse Trigonometry HWT - 3
Inverse Trigonometry HWT - 4
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Inverse Trigo & Properties of Triangle 4 HWT-Solutions/Mathematics
3.(B)
1 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 1 2
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
1 1
x x x x
tan x tan x tan x tan x tan tan
x x x x

( ( + +
+ + + = +
( (


, )
, )
, )
, )
3 4 1 2
1 1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4
1 1
1
1 1
x x x x
x x x x
tan
x x x x
.
x x x x

(
+ +
+ (

(
=
(
+ +
(
(

, ) , )
, ) , )
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 1 1
1 2 3 4 1 2
2
1 1 2
x x x x x x x
sin cos
tan tan
x x x x x x sin cos



( ( + + +

= = ( (
+ +
( (

, )
, )
, )
1 1
2 1
2 1 2
cos sin
tan tan cot
sin sin





(
= = = (

(

5.(A)
11 12 13
b c c a a b
k
+ + +
= = = 11 12 13 b c k, c a k, a b k + = + = + =
Solve to get 7 6 5 a k, b k, c k = = =
, ) , )
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
36 25 49 12 1
2 2 6 5 5
60
b c a k k k k
cos A
bc k k
k
+ +
= = = =
6.(A)
2 2 2 2
8R a b c = + +
, )
2 2 2 2 2
8 4 R R sin A sin B sin C = + + or
2 2 2
2 sin A sin B sin C + + =
or
2 2 2
1 1 2 cos A cos B sin C + + = or
2 2 2
0 cos A sin C cos B + =
, ) , )
2
0 cos A C . cos A C cos B + + =
, ) 0 cos B cos A C cos B ( =

, ) , ) 0 cos B cos A C cos A C ( + + =

2 0 cos Acos BcosC =
0 cos A = or 0 cos B = or 0 cos C =

2
A

= or
2
B

= or
2
C

=
7.(B)
2
sinB
cos A
sinC
=
2 2 2
2 2
b c a b
bc c
+
=
2 2
c a = c a =
9.(D) If A, B, C are in AP
3
B

=
3 3
2 2
b sinB
c sinC sinC
= = =
1
2
sinC = or
4
c

=
5
3 4 12
A B C

= = =
Inverse Trigonometry HWT - 5
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Inverse Trigo & Properties of Triangle 5 HWT-Solutions/Mathematics
3.(C) Put
1
5
3
cos

| |
= |
|
\ .
to get
5
3
cos = and
2
3
sin =
1
1 5 2 3 3 5
2 3 2 1 2 5
1
3
sin
tan cos tan
cos

(
| |
| |
= = = = ( |
|
|
+
\ . (
\ .

+
4.(D) Let
1
1
5
tan

| |
=
|
\ .
, then , )
1
2
2 1 5
2 2
5 12
1
tan
tan tan tan
tan

(
| |
= =
( |
\ .
, )
, ) , )
, ) , )
1
1 7
2
1 5 4 17
tan A tan B
tan A B tan tan
tan A tan B

( | |
= =
( |
+
\ .

6.(B)
1 1 1
3
2
sin x cos x cos

| |
= |
|
\ .

1 1
6
sin x cos x


=
and
1 1
2
sin x cos x


+ =
So, we have
1
3
sin x

= or
3
3 2
x sin

= =
7.(A)
, ) , )
2 2 2 2
1 2 5 29
60
2 2 2 5 20
y y
cos
+
= = =
2
19 y =
, ) , )
2 2 2 2
1 3 9 19
120
2 2 3 6
x y x
cos
x x
+ +
= = =

2
3 10 x x = or
2
3 10 0 x x + =
or , ) , ) 5 2 0 x x + = or 5 2 x , =
Reject 5 x = and accept 2 x =
8.(C)
, )
, ) , )
, )
, ) , )
2 4
2
2 2 2 2 2
s s b s s c
B C s s a b c a
cot . cot
s a s c s a s b s a s a b c a a

+ + | | | |
= = = = = =
| |
+
\ . \ .
9.(C) , ) , ) , )
2
2
sin A sin B sinC sin A sin B sinC sin A sin B sin C + + + = +

2 2 2
2 3 sin A sin B sin A . sinB sin C sin A .sinB + + =

2 2 2
sin A sin B sin C sin A . sinB + =
or , ) , )
2
sin A sin B C . sin B C sin A . sinB + + =
or , )
2
sin A sin A . sin B C sin A . sinB + =
or , ) , ) sin A sin B C sin B C sin A . sinB ( + + =

or 2sin AsinBcosC sin AsinB =
1
2
cosC = or 60 C =
10.(A) As A, B, C are in AP 60 B = and
2 2 2
1
2 2
c a b
cos B
ac
+
= =

2 2 2
ac c a b = + or
2 2 2 2
b c a b = + (As sides a, b, c are in GP
2
b ac = )

2 2 2
2b c a = +

2 2 2
a , b , c are in AP
Inverse Trigonometry HWT - 6
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Inverse Trigo & Properties of Triangle 6 HWT-Solutions/Mathematics
1.(B) Let the sides be 3k, 7k, 8k.
, ) , ) , )
, ) , ) , ) , )
3 7 8
7
4 3
4 9 6 2
k k k
abc k
R
k k k k
= = =
A
and
, ) , ) , ) , ) 9 6 2
2
9 3
k k k k
k
r
s k
A
= = =
R : r = 7 : 2.
2.(B)
2 2 2
sin A sin B sin C + = gives
2 2 2
sin A sin C sin B =
, ) , ) sin C B . sin C B = +
, ) , ) sin C B . sin A =
, ) , ) sin A sin C B = or A C B = or A + B = C 90 C =
3.(A)
2 2 2 2
1 9 16
60
2 2 6
b c a c
cos A cos
bc c
+ +
= = = =
2
3 7 0 c c =
5.(A) asin A bsinB = gives
2 2
2 2 Rsin A Rsin B = sinA = sin B
or A = B or a = b
8.(AB) , ) , ) , ) , )
1 1 1 1
1 1 3 tan x tan x tan x tan x

+ + + = , then
, ) , ) , ) , )
1 1 1 1
1 1 3 tan x tan x tan x tan x

+ + =

, ) , )
, ) , ) , ) , )
1 1
1 1
3
1 1 1 1 3
x x
x x
tan tan
x x x x

( ( + +

= ( (
+ +
( (

1 1
2 2
2 2
2 1 3
x x
tan tan
x x

( (
=
( (
+

2 2
2 2
2 1 3
x x
x x
=
+

1 1
0
2 2
x , ,

=
9.(B)
1 1 1
cos x cos y cos z

+ + =

1 1 1
cos x cos y cos z

+ =
or
1 1 1
cos cos x cos y cos cos z

( (
+ =

or
2 2
1 1 xy x y z = or
2 2
1 1 xy z x y + =
or
, ) , )
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 1 1 1 x y z xyz x y x y x y + + = = +
or
2 2 2
2 1 x y z xyz + + + =
3.(D)
2
2 5 15
3
5 15 3 2
1
5 15
tan tan
tan tan
tan . tan



| | | |

| |
| | | | \ . \ .
= = =
| |
| | | | \ . \ .
+
| |
\ . \ .
or
2 2
3 3
5 15 5 15
tan tan tan . tan
| | | | | | | |
=
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .
6.(C)
3 3
tan tan tan


| | | |
+ + + +
| |
\ . \ .
, )
2
2
1 3 8
3 3
1 3 1 3 1 3
tan tan tan
tan tan
tan
tan tan tan

+
+
= + + =
+
, )
, )
2 3
2 2
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
1 3 1 3
tan tan tan tan
tan k
tan tan

(


= = = =

Inverse Trigonometry HWT - 7
Inverse Trigonometry HWT - 8
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Inverse Trigo & Properties of Triangle 7 HWT-Solutions/Mathematics
7.(D) , )
3 2
2 3
1
3 2
1
2 3
x x k
tan A tan B k x k
tan A B
tan A . tan B
x x k
.
k x k

= =
+ | |
| |
+
|
|
|

\ .
\ .
2 2
2 2
2 2 2 1
3 2 3 2 3 2 3
k x kx
k x kx
+
= =
+

1
1
30
3
A B tan

| |
= =
|
\ .
8.(D) We have
2 2 2
PQ QR PR
R PQ PR
sinR sinP sinQ
= = = = =

1
2
sinR sinQ = =
6
R Q

Z = Z =

2
3
P R Q

Z = Z Z =
2.(D) , ) , ) , )
2 2
2 2 2
1 1
4 4 4 4 1
2 2
s s a s b s c absinC ab a b
| | | |
= A = = =
| |
\ . \ .
2 2 2
90 C as c a b
(
= = +

3.(D) , ) , )
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 b sin C c sin B b sinCcosC c sinBcos B + = +
, ) , ) , ) , ) , ) , ) , ) , ) 2 2 2 2 b sinC bcos C c sin B c cos B c sin B bcos C c sin B c cos B = + = +
j 2 2 4
b c
c sin B bcos C c cos B ac sin B
sin B sinC
(
= = + = = A
(

5.(B) 3 s a = 2 2 6 s a b c a = + =
and 2 s c = 2 2 4 s c a b c = + =
b = 5 and 1 c a =
Also,
2 2 2
25 b a c = + =
1 c a =
2 2
2 1 a c ac + = or 2 24 ac = or ac = 12 or
12
c
a
=
1 c a = gives
12
1 a
a
= or
2
12 0 a a + = or , ) , ) 4 3 0 a a + =
a = 3 and
12
4
3
c = =
6.(B)
1
2 2 3
A C
tan . tan
| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .

, ) , )
, )
, ) , )
, )
1
3
s b s c s b s a
.
s s a s s c

=

1
3
s b
s

= 2 3 s b a b c = = + + 2b = a + c a, b, c are in A.P.
9.(B)
1 1 1
2
1
a b
a b
x x
tan tan tan
a b
x x
.
x x

(
+
(
| | | |
+ = =
(
| |
\ . \ .
(

(

1 0
a b
.
x x
= or
2
x ab =
x is geometric mean of a and b.
10.(C) , )
1 1 1
1 sin x sin x cos x

+ =
, )
1 1 1
1 sin sin x sin x sin cos x

( (
+ =

, ) , )
2
2 2
1 1 1 1 1 x x x x x + =
, )
2 2 2
2 1 1 1 x x x x x x + =
2 2
1
2 1 0
2
x x x x x x , = =
Inverse Trigonometry HWT - 9
Inverse Trigonometry HWT - 10
Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Inverse Trigo & Properties of Triangle 8 HWT-Solutions/Mathematics
3.(B)
1 1 1
1 2 2 3 1
1 1 1
n n
d d d
tan tan tan . . . . tan
a a a a a a

(
| |
| | | |
( | + + +
| |
|
+ + + (
\ . \ .
\ .

1
1 1 1 3 2 2 1
1 2 2 3 1
1 1 1
n n
n n
a a
a a a a
tan tan tan . . . . tan
a a a a a a

(
| | | | | |
( | = + + +
| |
|
+ + + (
\ . \ .
\ .

, ) , ) , ) , ) , ) , )
1 1 1 1 1 1
2 1 3 2 1 n n
tan tan a tan a tan a tan a . . . . tan a tan a

(
= + + +

, ) , )
1 1 1
1
1
1
n
n
n
a a
tan tan a tan a
a . a


(
= =

+
, ) , )
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
n n
a n d a n d
a .a a a
+
= =
+ +
4.(C) 1
2 2
x x
sin x sin cos = and 1
2 2
x x
sin x sin cos + = +

1 1
1 1 2 2 2 2
1 1
2 2 2 2
x x x x
sin cos sin cos
sin x sin x
tan tan
x x x x sin x sin x
sin cos sin cos


| | | |
+ +
| |

+ +
\ . \ .
=
` `
| | | | +

)
+
| |

\ . \ .
)
1
2 2
x x
tan tan

= =
`
)
7.(A) 35 18 10 7 210 A = =
The greatest altitude is to shortest side

1
210 17
2
= greatest altitude greatest altitude =
420
17
8.(D)
1 1 1
2
cot x cot y cot z


+ + =

1 1 1
2
cot x cot y cot z

+ =
1 1 1
1 1 1
2
tan tan tan
x y z

| | | | | |
+ =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
or
1 1 1
1 1 1
2
tan tan tan tan tan
x y z

( ( | | | | | |
+ =
( | ( | |
\ . \ . ( \ .

1 1
1
1
x y
z
xy
+
=

1
x y
z
xy
+
=

x y z xyz + + =
9-10. 9.(A) 10.(C)
Note that the triangle is right angled at B.
Orthocentre is at B and circumcentre is the mid-point of AC.