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    At The Industrial Level

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    onejako12
    Palm oil is extracted through a multi-step industrial process near the plantations due to the short conservation time of the fruit. The process involves destalking, sterilization, blending, pressing, and clarification of the fruits to extract the crude palm oil. The waste is used as fuel and livestock feed. Further refining steps neutralize, wash, dry, whiten, and deodorize the crude palm oil. Transesterification with methanol produces fatty acid methyl esters which can be used as diesel fuel.

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    At The Industrial Level

    Uploaded by

    onejako12
    22 views3 pages
    Palm oil is extracted through a multi-step industrial process near the plantations due to the short conservation time of the fruit. The process involves destalking, sterilization, blending, pressing, and clarification of the fruits to extract the crude palm oil. The waste is used as fuel and livestock feed. Further refining steps neutralize, wash, dry, whiten, and deodorize the crude palm oil. Transesterification with methanol produces fatty acid methyl esters which can be used as diesel fuel.

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    Palm oil is extracted through a multi-step industrial process near the plantations due to the short conservation time of the fruit. The process involves destalking, sterilization, blending, pressing, and clarification of the fruits to extract the crude palm oil. The waste is used as fuel and livestock feed. Further refining steps neutralize, wash, dry, whiten, and deodorize the crude palm oil. Transesterification with methanol produces fatty acid methyl esters which can be used as diesel fuel.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    22 views3 pages

    At The Industrial Level

    Uploaded by

    onejako12
    Palm oil is extracted through a multi-step industrial process near the plantations due to the short conservation time of the fruit. The process involves destalking, sterilization, blending, pressing, and clarification of the fruits to extract the crude palm oil. The waste is used as fuel and livestock feed. Further refining steps neutralize, wash, dry, whiten, and deodorize the crude palm oil. Transesterification with methanol produces fatty acid methyl esters which can be used as diesel fuel.

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    At the industrial level

    Oil extraction factories are always found near the plantations because the fruit, once picked, only has about 24 hours
    of conservation time before oxidizing and developing free fatty acids.
    On the industrial level, palm oil extraction follows five main steps:
    1. Destalking, in which the fruit is separated from its stalk
    2. Sterilization, in which the fruits are steamed
    3. Blending, in which the fruits are heated and steeped
    4. Pressing, the steeped and heated fruits are pressed to extract the brute oil, the residue from pressing becomes
    the meal for the feed cakes
    5. Clarification, in which the brute oil is boiled in order to evaporate all of the remaining water and then filtered to
    eliminate any remaining impurities.
    Note that the dry waste (stalks, fibers, shells, etc, makes up 50% of the weight of everything involved) is generally
    used as fuel to make steam and perform the hot extraction method. Furthermore, the waste involved in pressing (oil
    cake) is recovered and used as livestock feed.
    The graphic below represents the principal steps in the production and extraction of palm oil and palm kernel oil
    (source CEESE-ULB).



    Source : "Calcul de coefficients dmission. Lhuile de palme" CEESE-ULB

    Upon the completion of the process, the brute palm oil obtained goes towards the refinery where it undergoes several
    treatments before becoming refined oil. The steps are as follows:
    1. Neutralization, which removes the free fatty acids
    2. Washing and drying to remove the humidity
    3. Whitening
    4. Deodorizing
    5. Separation in general
    The transesterification of vegetable oils leads to the production of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), whose properties
    can be used as fuel for diesel engines. The methyl esters are obtained through the reaction and transesterification of
    triglycerides with methanol such as in the following diagram. This reaction is balanced. It takes place in the presence
    of a catalyst.
    Production of biodiesel with a homogenous catalyst

    Schematic Diagram of the Continual Process of Producing FAME (process proposed by Lurgi)


    Source : ifpenergiesnouvelles
    Production of biodiesel with a heterogenous catalyst

    Schematic Diagram of the Continual Process of Producing FAME (IFP process)

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