Running head: Like Father Like Son

Like Father Like Son

Andrya Mariscal
May 12, 2013

Running head: Like Father Like Son

The definition of a fathers role is being there for their children. It is known that a parents basic
role is to support and protect their children until they are old enough in which it provides an
environment where they can develop emotional and cognitive skills that enables them to cope
with the challenges of life (Geddes, 2008, para. 12). For many years and still to this day, it is
stereotypical for many to see a fathers role as only being the provider and the fun parent. There
has been research on this that shows that there are more roles of a father than the stereotypical
roles. Fathers can be engaged with their children by simply communicating with one another.
When not physically available, fathers can make themselves available in other ways. If a father
is not able to have frequent physical contact with his child yet provides warm, stimulating, and
positive contact when possible, children can still benefit from father involvement (Meaning of
Father Involvement, para. 3). They can be responsible for their childrens care and welfare
again even when not physically available (Meaning of Father Involvement, para. 1).
The census on fatherhood statistics show that out of the 24.7 million fathers in a
marriage, there were 21 percent of those fathers raising 3 or more children under the age of 18
(Census Fatherhood Statistics, n.d.). In 2011 there were 1.7 million single fathers and out of
that 1.7 million, 15 percent of the men were custodial single parents and 10 percent had 3 or
more children under the age of 18 (Census Fatherhood Statistics, n.d.). Out of that million, 45
percent of fathers were divorced, 31 percent were never married, 19 percent were separated, and
5 percent were widowed (Census Fatherhood Statistics, n.d.). Surprisingly, in 2011there were
a number of stay-at-home dads that remained a year without working so they can stay home to
care for their family while their wives worked (Census Fatherhood Statistics, n.d.).
Social scientists often emphasize the role of fathers in the family system, and how their
actions affect the entire environment in which a child grows. One of the most important ways a

Running head: Like Father Like Son

father influences that environment is in his interaction with his children's mother. This is because
the relationships which children observe and experience at an early age influence their own
relationships later in life. It is also because family relationships are interrelated. The way that
mothers and fathers interact affects the mother-child relationship as well as the father-child
relationship. These relationships consist of the mother as the source of the initial relationship
which provides secure attachment but the mothers capacity to tolerate the infants fears and
often overwhelming emotional demands requires the support of others, the partner, family or
significant others (Geddes, 2008, para. 14). Because of this interrelatedness, parents who have
strong relationships that consist of the previous factors, have a good start to being good parents.
The community is another major influence in a fathers role. The change of the economy
and environment throughout history has been a major contribution of what is expected of parents
and their behavior. These influences include, the Industrial Revolution, the impact of wars, the
implications of slavery and migration, economic migration and more recently the rapidly
changing position of marriage and the family in society (Geddes, 2008, para. 8).
A fathers involvement has shown to have a positive impact on a childs emotional
(psychological) state, educational development, and school readiness as well as increased ability
to socialize and build good relationships. As Lamb (2004) reports, children with highly
involved fathers were characterized by increased cognitive competence, increased empathy, less
sex-stereotyped beliefs, and a more internal locus of control (Ford, Nalbone, Wetchler, &
Sutton, 2008, para. 5). According to Pleck, this includes an increase in self-esteem which
determines the choices made and gives them the ability to, believe they can control what is
happening in their lives (Geddes, 2008, para. 9).

Running head: Like Father Like Son

Research has shown that the lack of fatherhood involvement can have long-term negative
effects on children. They are more likely to be poor, have a greater risk of being involved in
dangerous or unhealthy behaviors influenced by peers, and have an increased risk of
developmental delays. This can cause a major concern within the community, for example, the
extreme behavior of gangs of young men dominating housing estates and resorting to violence,
knives and guns (Geddes, 2008, para. 4).
A lack of what is discussed in research is how parents tend to have the same parenting
styles as the ones who parented them. So a lot of the choices fathers make can be related to the
choices their fathers made. According to Beale (1999), The idea was that appropriate parenting
behavior was learned naturally from living in a family and that these roles were successfully
handed down from one generation to the next. It takes a fathers motive to decide what changes
they want to make to their relationship with their children (Beale, 1999).
The five agencies all have to do with support needed for fathers who want to better their
relationships with their children. Supporting Father Involvement is a community of agencies and
practitioners committed to family strengthening through on-site, interactive, and remotely
accessible resources. Another agency is Friends Outside LA; this agency provides support to
those fathers who are in jail and want that special relationship with their children. Thirdly is,
Young Fathers Programs: Echo Parenting & Education where there goal is to build a tight
emotional bond of understanding, nurturing, support, trust, warmth and compassion. The fourth
is, Paid Family Leave where fathers can take time off from work to care for their child. Finally,
Fathers and Family Center is an agency that assists young fathers in achieving self-sufficiency
and in strengthening parental involvement.

Running head: Like Father Like Son

In the text, it is mentioned how it was common for a man to be the provider of his family
and the wife was responsible for maintaining the house. Nowadays, men are assuming more
household and child-care responsibilities (Berns, 2013, p. 94). This occurs more often when the
wife is employed, as well as, divorced and the father has custody (Berns, 2013, p. 94). It is also
mentioned that part of a fathers role is to be the more playful parent especially with their sons
(Berns, 2013, p. 431).
A fathers role is determined by influences of the family and community. This has a lot to
do with Brofenbrenners bioecological model of human development, in which, relationships
and interactions take place to form patterns that affect human (Berns, 2013, p. 17).

Running head: Like Father Like Son

References
Beale, A. V. (1999). Involving fathers in parent education: The counselor's
challenge. Professional School Counseling, 3(1), 5.
Ford, J. J., Nalbone, D. P., Wetchler, J. L., & Sutton, P. M. (2008). Fatherhood: How
differentiation and identity status affect attachment to children. 36, 284-299.
Geddes, H. (2008). Reflections on the role and significance of fathers in relation to emotional
development and learning. 36(4), 399-409.
(n.d.). The meaning of father involvement for children. Trends Child Research Brief, Retrieved
from http://www.childtrends.org/files/dadmeaning.pdf
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, (n.d.). Dad stats. Retrieved from website:
http://fatherhood.gov/library/dad-stats

Running head: Like Father Like Son

5 Agency/Resource Summary Report

Name of Agency/Resource: _____Supporting Father Involvment________________

Philosophy: There intention is to provide and support an interactive community of agencies and
practitioners committed to family strengthening through on-site, interactive, and remotely
accessible resources focused on Supporting Father Involvement for families and children__
Address:___ 50 South Anaheim Boulevard, Suite 241 Anaheim, CA 92805___
Phone Number/Fax/e-mail: _____ (888) 505-0597 ext. 212 ______________________
Contact person: _____ Samantha Florey, MA ____________________________
Hours of operation:

_______N/A__________________________________________

Fees:

____________Free_______________________________________

Type of facility: ______________N/A_________________________________________

Who the agency is run by:___________N/A____________________________________
Description of services available:
Family strengthening by Supporting Father Involvement
Training to implement the evidence based curriculum for fathers and couples (32 Hours)
Organizational self-assessment to strengthen father friendliness of agencies and
practitioners
Advocacy, promotional, and testimonial materials for family strengthening and family
resource center agencies
Training for agencies, staff, and the community of stakeholder groups committed to
families
Qualifications for use of services or clientele serve: __________N/A________________
Staffing: ________________________________________________________________
Staff qualifications:

__________Filling out a form______________________________

Do they use volunteers? (If yes, how so?) ______No______________________________

Volunteer Requirements: ___________________________________________________
Share your thoughts on this agencys services? Do you feel they adequately meet the needs of
their clients? Why or why not? (Provide specific details to support your statements). What
recommendations do you have for improvement? __Father involvement is important to this

Running head: Like Father Like Son

agency and with the different services provided fathers can have stronger relationships with their
children.___

Agency/Resource Summary Report

Name of Agency/Resource: ___Friends Outside LA________________________

Philosophy: Friends Outsides philosophy includes the following core beliefs:
That incarceration can be as devastating to the family, especially to the children, as it can
be to the incarcerated;
That the needs of whole families should be addressed whenever possible, and that efforts
to maintain family bonds should be supported when mutually desired;
That incarceration can be an intergenerational pattern which can be broken through
appropriate services;
That criminal offenders are more likely to become productive members of society if they
are able to maintain family ties, and receive appropriate services; and
That society as a whole benefits by our services through increased public safety, costsavings, and better outcomes for the children and families we serve.
Address:_____ 464 E. Walnut St. Pasadena, CA 91101

__

Phone Number/Fax/e-mail: _______ Phone: (626) 795-7607 ____________________

Contact person: __________________Not Available___________________________
Hours of operation:

____________Not Available______________________________

Fees:
$200/defendant: Assessment, Placement, Transportation, and On-going follow-up for the
duration of treatment.
$100/defendant: Transportation and On-going follow-up for the duration of treatment. An
additional $50 charge is added to any transports that are longer than 40 miles, one-way. None
Type of facility: ___________ First Congregational Church __________________
Who the agency is run by: ___National Responsible Fatherhood Clearinghouse _______
Description of services available:
Assessment of defendant before court appearance;
Contact and follow-up with reputable treatment programs until space is found;
Confirmation of placement forwarded to you prior to court;
Transportation of defendant to treatment program;

Running head: Like Father Like Son

On-going follow-up regarding the defendants status with you and other interested
parties, including judges and probation officers.

Qualifications for use of services or clientele serve: ________N/A___________________

Staffing: ___________________N/A__________________________________________
Staff qualifications:

__________________N/A_________________________________

Do they use volunteers? (If yes, how so?) _____Yes______________________________

Volunteer Requirements: A weekly, 3-hour commitment for a six-month period is required_
Share your thoughts on this agencys services? Do you feel they adequately meet the needs of
their clients? Why or why not? (Provide specific details to support your statements). What
recommendations do you have for improvement? Many fathers in jail dont get the opportunity
to work on their personal problems in order to recuperate their family relationship but these
services give these fathers that second chance. With the success stories that are provided and that
I read, I can say they adequately meet the needs of their clients.

Agency/Resource Summary Report

Name of Agency/Resource: __Young Fathers Programs: Echo Parenting & Education_____

Philosophy: _Nonviolent parenting offers an optimal relationship and the conditions in which
children can thrive and grow into healthy adults. By building a tight emotional bond of
understanding, nurturing, support, trust, warmth and compassion, a child reaches a high level of
emotional development._
Address: Echo Parenting & Education P.O. Box 26938 Los Angeles, CA 90026___
Phone Number/Fax/e-mail: Phone: (213) 484-6676
Fax: (213) 484-6646
Email: info@echoparenting.org
bwright@echoparenting.org
Contact person: ______ Ben Wright

_________________________

Hours of operation:

______Monday Friday 9:00a.m.-3:00pm; Closed Holidays_____

Fees:

Free_______

_______________

Type of facility: __________________________________________________________

Running head: Like Father Like Son

Who the agency is run by:____

Ben Wright

____________________

Description of services available: Young fathers will have access to case management,
workshops on healthy relationships and job training and placement services. It is an important
expansion of Echo Parenting and Educations services. This program is a comprehensive
approach to meeting the needs of young fathers and families in Los Angeles.______
Qualifications for use of services or clientele serve: __For fathers ages 15-25_______
Staffing: ________________________________________________________________
Staff qualifications:

______________________________________________________

Do they use volunteers? (If yes, how so?) ______Yes___________________________

Volunteer Requirements: _________None_____________________________________
Share your thoughts on this agencys services? Do you feel they adequately meet the needs of
their clients? Why or why not? (Provide specific details to support your statements). What
recommendations do you have for improvement? ___This is an excellent resource for young
fathers who are struggling to have that optimal relationship with their children.__

Agency/Resource Summary Report

Name of Agency/Resource: _____Paid Family Leave____________________

Philosophy: The Paid Family Leave (PFL) program was established for workers who suffer a
loss of wages when they need to take time off from work to care for a seriously ill child, spouse,
parent, registered domestic partner, or to bond with a new child.
Address: _____371 W. 3rd Street San Bernardino, CA 92401
Phone Number/Fax/e-mail: ______1-877-238-4373__

___
____

Contact person: ___________________________________________________________

Hours of operation:

___8 a.m. to 5 p.m. (PST), Monday through Friday_________

Fees: The PFL program is funded through worker contributions to the State Disability Insurance
(SDI) program__
Type of facility: __________________________________________________________

Running head: Like Father Like Son

Who the agency is run by: _ Employment Development Departments (EDD) ______
Description of services available: _Extended disability of up to six weeks of compensation to
individuals who take time off work.___
Qualifications for use of services or clientele serve: _Has to be to care for a seriously ill child,
spouse, parent, or registered domestic partner; to bond with the employees new child or the new
child of the employee's spouse or registered domestic partner; or to bond with a child in
connection with the adoption or foster care placement of the child with the employee or the
employees spouse or registered domestic partner.
Staffing: ________________________________________________________________
Staff qualifications:

______________________________________________________

Do they use volunteers? (If yes, how so?) ______No________________________________

Volunteer Requirements: ______________None__________________________________
Share your thoughts on this agencys services? Do you feel they adequately meet the needs of
their clients? Why or why not? (Provide specific details to support your statements). What
recommendations do you have for improvement? __Fathers have an opportunity to spend some
time needed with their child without the worry of not having income for a period of time. This
way fathers can be there for their children. It includes both parents. The total care claims filed for
males was 33.10% in 2011-2012 ____
Agency/Resource Summary Report

Name of Agency/Resource: _________Fathers and Family Center_________________

Philosophy: ___ To build a noble legacy of fatherhood improving the life chances of
children by assisting young fathers in achieving self-sufficiency and in strengthening parental
involvement___________________________
Address:_________________________________________________________________
Phone Number/Fax/e-mail: _________________________________________________
Contact person: ___________________________________________________________
Hours of operation:

______________________________________________________

Fees:

______Non Profit_________________________________

Running head: Like Father Like Son

Type of facility: __________________________________________________________
Who the agency is run by:___________________________________________________
Description of services available:_____________________________________________
Qualifications for use of services or clientele serve: ______________________________
Staffing: ________________________________________________________________
Staff qualifications:

______________________________________________________

Do they use volunteers? (If yes, how so?) ______________________________________

Volunteer Requirements: ___________________________________________________
Share your thoughts on this agencys services? Do you feel they adequately meet the needs of
their clients? Why or why not? (Provide specific details to support your statements). What
recommendations do you have for improvement?
_____________________________________________________________

Running head: Like Father Like Son

CHDV 106 Research Project on Community Issues and Resources (Rubric a)
PLO 4: Develop and implement strategies that promote partnerships between programs, teachers,
families, and their communities.
SLO#1: Analyze theories of socialization that address the interrelationship of the child, family and
community
SLO #2: Analyze and evaluate the factors that both positively and negatively influence the socialization
of the child.
SLO# 3: Critique strategies that support and empower families through respectful, reciprocal
relationships to involve all
families in their childrens development and learning.
SLO#4: Investigate and compile community resources that support both the child
and the family.

CHDV106 Point
Distribution
Topic Selection
(5 Points Possible)
The degree to
which student
selects an issue
topic that relevant
to young children
and their families.

Major Revisions
Needed
Poor work in this
category. You will
need to make
substantial
revisions to this
assignment
before
resubmitting it in
your Professional
Portfolio.

Minor Revisions
Needed
Almost. Your work
needs to be more
detailed or requires
some revisions to
formatting. You will
need to add to/revise
this assignment prior
to submitting it in
your
Professional Portfolio.

Meets
Expectations
Good work in this
category. Prior to
including in your
Professional
Portfolio you will
need to add
information to
demonstrate your
continued growth
in knowledge.

Exceeds
Expectations
Excellent work in
this category.
Other than
documenting any
additional growth
in knowledge, this
assignment is
ready for your
Professional
Portfolio.

1 or 2

Course Points
Earned:
1 or 2
Topic may not
be relevant to
children ages
0 to 5.

Course Points Earned:

3
Student selects a
topic that is
relevant to
children ages 0 to
5; however the
topic is either too
broad/unmanage
able or too
narrow.

Course Points
Earned: 4
Student
selects a topic
that is
relevant to
children ages
0 to 5.
The topic is
neither too
broad nor too
narrow.
Student
provides a
statement
that clearly
presents the
topic being
researched.

Course Points

Course Points Earned:

Course Points

Course Points
Earned: 5
Student
selects a topic
that is
relevant to
children ages
0 to 5.
The topic is
neither too
broad nor too
narrow.
The topic is
presented in
the form of a
very specific
research
question;
identifying
what aspect
of the general
topic is being
researched.
Course Points

Points Earned:
_____

Identification of

Running head: Like Father Like Son

Sources
(5 Points Possible)
The degree to
which the student
identifies reputable
and variety of
sources that is
relevant to the
issue. (at least one
professional peer
reviewed/scholarly
journal other
sources may include
trade journal
articles, books,
newspaper articles,
other sources with
instructor approval
Points Earned: ____

Research Paper:
Introduction
(10 Points Possible)
The degree to
which the student
articulates detailed
background
information and
demonstrate
sounds reasoning in
the selection of the
topic.
Points Earned: ____

Research Paper:
Analysis: Positive
and Negative
Effects

Earned:
1 or 2
Information is
gathered
from only one
or two
sources

Major Revisions
Needed
Course Points
Earned:
5 or 6
Student fails
to provide
the reader
with basic
background
information.
A specific
research
question is
not provided.
Student does
not provide a
rationale for
selecting their
topic that is
substantiated
by fact.

Minor Revisions
Needed
Course Points Earned:
7
Student provides
reader with
background
information on
the topic;
however, this
section is lacking
in detail.
Student states
the research
question;
however, the
research
question may not
be clearly
defined.
Student may not
provide a
rationale for
selecting their
chosen topic or
their rationale
may not be
substantiated by
fact.
Course Points Earned:
17-19
A minimum of 4
sources are

Course Points
Earned:
16 and below
One or 2

Information is
gathered from at
least 4 sources;
however, the
types of sources
may be limited or
may not all be
research based.

Earned: 4
Information is
gathered from
5 sources.
Student
provides a
variety of
research
based
sources.

Earned: 5
Student
provides
more than 5
sources.
Information is
gathered
from a variety
of researchbased
sources.

Meets
Expectations
Course Points
Earned:
8 or 9
Student
provides
reader with
sufficient
background
information.
Student
clearly states
the research
question.
Student
provides a
rationale for
selecting their
chosen topic
although this
rationale may
not be
substantiated
by fact.

Exceeds
Expectations
Course Points
Earned: 10

Course Points
Earned: 20-24
A minimum of
5 sources are

Course Points
Earned: 23+
More than 5
sources are

Student
provides
reader with
an adequate
amount of
background
information.
Student
clearly states
the research
question.
Student
provides a
rationale for
selecting their
chosen topic
that is
substantiated
by fact.

Running head: Like Father Like Son

(25 Points Possible)
The
degree
to
which
student
demonstrates
knowledge on how
the issue effects
positively
and
negatively on the
interrelationship of
the child, family,
and community by
discussing
the
literature review.

Points Earned:
_____

Research Paper
Conclusion/
Integration of
Course Concepts
(25 Points)
The degree to
which the student
integrates
appropriate
textbook and
sources used in
research to support
the identification of
gaps in existing
resources,
suggestions for
improvement and
application of

sources are
clearly
discussed in
the literature
review.
Student does
not
identify/discu
ss immediate
effects,
related to the
issue, on the
interrelations
hips of the
child, the
family and
the
community.

Course Points
Earned:
16 and below

Student
integrates
new
information
from their
review of the
literature
with previous
information
studied in the
text 1 time.
No gaps in
existing
resources are

clearly discussed
in the literature
review.
Student discusses
what immediate
effects (positive
and negative) the
issue has on the
interrelationships
of the child, the
family and the
community;
however, the
discussion may
be lacking in
detail.

clearly
discussed in
the literature
review.
Student
clearly
discusses
what
immediate
effects
(positive and
negative) the
issue has on
the
interrelations
hips of the
child, the
family and the
community.

clearly
discussed in
the literature
review.
Student
clearly
discusses
what
immediate
effects
(positive and
negative) the
issue has on
the
interrelations
hips of the
child, the
family and the
community.
Student
clearly
discusses the
long term
positive and
negative
effects on the
interrelations
hips of the
child, family
and
community.

Course Points Earned:

17-19

Course Points
Earned: 20-24

Course Points
Earned: 23+

Student
integrates new
information from
their review of
the literature
with previous
information
studied in the
text referencing
the text a
minimum of 2
times.
While student
identifies a gap in
existing

Student
integrates
new
information
from their
review of the
literature with
previous
information
studied in the
textreferencing
the text a
minimum of 3
or 4 times.

Student
integrates
new
information
from their
review of the
literature
with previous
information
studied in the
text referencing
the text a
minimum of 5
times.

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relevant theoretical
perspectives.
Points Earned:
_____

Research Paper:
Quality of Writing
(Points Possible: 5)
The degree to
which the
assignment is
proofread and
edited for spelling,
grammar,
formatting, and
neatness. A
reference (works
cited) page is
provided.
Points Earned:
_____

Possible Total
points: 75
CHDV106 Total

identified.
Statements
are not
supported by
references to
the readings
in correct
APA format.

Course Points
Earned:
1 or 2
The assignment
does not appear
to have been
proofread and/or
edited for
spelling, grammar
or formatting.
Paper is not easy
to read.

resources and
makes 1
suggestion for
improvement;
the suggestion
may be lacking in
detail.
While statements
are supported by
references, they
may not be in
correct APA
format.

Course Points Earned:

3
The assignment is
clearly proofread and
edited, with many
spelling, grammatical,
or formatting
mistakes. Paper must
be neater.

Student
identifies 2
gaps in
existing
resources and
makes 1
specific
suggestion for
improvement.
All statements
are supported
by references
to the
readings in
correct APA
format.

Course Points
Earned: 4
The assignment is
clearly proofread
and edited, with
few spelling,
grammatical, or
formatting
mistakes. The
paper is neatly
typed.

Student
identifies 2
gaps in
existing
resources and
makes two
suggestions
for
improvement.
Student
provides a
conclusion in
which
relevant
theoretical
perspectives
such as:
Erikson,
Maslow and
Bronfenbrenn
er are
analyzed and
applied to the
research
findings.
All
statements
are supported
by references
to the
readings in
correct APA
format.
Course Points
Earned: 5
The assignment is
clearly proofread
and edited, with
no spelling,
grammatical, or
formatting
mistakes. The
paper is neatly
typed.

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Points Earned :
_________