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    Biology 10 Labreport

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    This document describes an experiment to test various samples for the presence of biomolecules like carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Students tested samples of onion, rice, and diluted yogurt using Benedict's solution, iodine, Biuret reagent, and ethanol. Their results found that onion contains monosaccharides, rice contains starch, and diluted yogurt likely contains lactose. They concluded that the experiment allowed them to identify biomolecules in each unknown sample based on color changes with different reagents.

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    Biology 10 Labreport

    Uploaded by

    api-276985927
    171 views7 pages
    This document describes an experiment to test various samples for the presence of biomolecules like carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Students tested samples of onion, rice, and diluted yogurt using Benedict's solution, iodine, Biuret reagent, and ethanol. Their results found that onion contains monosaccharides, rice contains starch, and diluted yogurt likely contains lactose. They concluded that the experiment allowed them to identify biomolecules in each unknown sample based on color changes with different reagents.

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    This document describes an experiment to test various samples for the presence of biomolecules like carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Students tested samples of onion, rice, and diluted yogurt using Benedict's solution, iodine, Biuret reagent, and ethanol. Their results found that onion contains monosaccharides, rice contains starch, and diluted yogurt likely contains lactose. They concluded that the experiment allowed them to identify biomolecules in each unknown sample based on color changes with different reagents.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    171 views7 pages

    Biology 10 Labreport

    Uploaded by

    api-276985927
    This document describes an experiment to test various samples for the presence of biomolecules like carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Students tested samples of onion, rice, and diluted yogurt using Benedict's solution, iodine, Biuret reagent, and ethanol. Their results found that onion contains monosaccharides, rice contains starch, and diluted yogurt likely contains lactose. They concluded that the experiment allowed them to identify biomolecules in each unknown sample based on color changes with different reagents.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    Biology10

    OrganicMolecule
    Date:6/11/14
    Groupmembers
    Ning,JitrawanJaroensintaweekul
    Mudmee,SmitaJirayingchareon
    Frongky,chalitaKaveevutisilp
    Put,puttaruksaPisansrisomsuk

    Introduction:Organicmoleculesarethemoleculesthatcontaincarbon
    andhydrogenatoms.Westudyfourclassesoforganicmoleculeswhich
    arecalledbiomolecules.Theseexistinalllivingthings,whichare
    carbohydrate,lipids,protein,andnucleicacid.Monomersarejoined
    togethertobecomepolymers,sothepolymersarethechainsof
    monomers.Theyjointogetherbydehydrationreaction,thisreaction
    happensbyreleasingthewaterout.Butwhentheywanttobreakdown
    theyusehydrolysis,thisprocessiswhenthemoleculesusingwaterto
    breakthebond.

    Purpose:Thepurposeofthisexperimentistotestthevarioussamplesto
    seeiftheyhavemonosaccharides,polysaccharides,lipidsandproteinor
    not.WeuseBenedict,Iodine,BluretandAbsoluteEthanoltotestthese
    samples.

    Hypothesis:
    1)IfthesamplereactswithBenedictssolution,thenitcontainssugar
    monosaccharideordisaccharides.Thesolutioncouldchangefromgreen
    toredverylowconcentrationofsugarwouldturngreen,andveryhigh
    wouldturnred.
    2) IfthesamplereactswithIodinesolution,thenitcontain
    polysaccharidesinit.Thesolutionwouldchangefromyellowto
    black.

    3) IfthesamplereactswithBiuretsolution,thenitcontainsproteinor
    peptideinit.Thesolutionwouldchangefrombluetopurple.
    4) IfthesamplereactswithAbsoluteEthanolthenitcontainslipidinit.
    Thesolutionwouldmixwithlipidsandbecomeanhomogenous
    mixture.

    Materials:Testtubetongs,Testtube,Beaker,Vortexmixer,pipette,Hot
    plate,testtuberack,Water,Glucosesolution,Gelatinsolution,
    3unknowns(onion,rice,dilutedyogurt),Benedict,Iodine,Biuret,Lab
    coat,Goggles,gloves

    Procedures:
    1) Fill 300ml ofwater into the 500ml beaker with amagneticstirrer.Place
    the beakeronthe hot plate. (DONOTTURNONTHEHOTPLATEUNTIL
    TOLD)
    2) Ask an instructor or a lab technician to show you how to use a hot
    plate.Turnonthehotplateandthestirrertotheinstructedlevels.
    3) Make labels (using the abbreviations in the Table 4) on provided
    marking tape to be placed on the outside of each test tube. This is done
    so youdonot forgetwhich test tube containswhat sample. Use thechart
    belowforabbreviation.
    1) Fill 300ml ofwater into the 500ml beaker with amagneticstirrer.Place
    the beakeronthe hot plate. (DONOTTURNONTHEHOTPLATEUNTIL
    TOLD)
    2) Ask an instructor or a lab technician to show you how to use a hot
    plate.Turnonthehotplateandthestirrertotheinstructedlevels.

    3) Make labels (using the abbreviations in the Table 4) on provided


    marking tape to be placed on the outside of each test tube. This is done
    so youdonot forgetwhich test tube containswhat sample. Use thechart
    belowforabbreviation.
    4) Applythelabeloneachtesttube.Andarrangethetesttubeontherack
    accordingtheTable4.
    5)Putonprotectiveglovesandagoggle(formemberswhowillbedealing
    withchemicals).
    6) Adding approximately 1cm of each sample according to the label. Do
    NOTforgettoarrangethetesttubeaccordingtothechart.
    6.1Intotalyoushouldhave3tubesofeachofthefollowingsamples
    6.1.1Waternegativecontrols
    6.1.2 Glucose solution (Monosaccharide)

    positive controls for

    Benedictssolution
    6.1.3 Starch solution (Polysaccharide) positive controls for Iodine
    solution
    6.1.4Gelatinsolution(Protein)positivecontrolsforBiuretsolution
    6.1.5Unknown1
    6.1.6Unknown2
    6.1.7Unknown3
    7)InROW1:Add5dropsofBiuretsolutionintoeachofthesample.
    7.1 Gently swirl the test tube around so that the solution is evenly
    spreadoutinthetesttube.
    7.2 Observe and take note any the color change in the result
    section.

    8)InROW2:Add5dropsofIodinesolutionintoeachofthesample.
    8.1 Gently swirl the test tube around so that the solution is evenly
    spreadoutinthetesttube.
    8.2 Observe and take note any the color change in the result
    section.
    9)InROW3:Add5dropsofBenedictssolutionintoeachofthesample.
    9.1 Gently swirl the test tube around so that the solution is evenly
    spreadoutinthetesttube.
    9.2 Use the beaker tong to transfer the test tube ONE AT A TIME
    intotheboilingwaterinthebeakerfor
    around35minutes.
    9.3 Observe and take note any the color change in the result
    section.
    10) Turn of the hot plate and stirrer. Be careful notto touch the hotplate
    asitwillremainhotforalongtime.
    11) Once you have finished the experiment, please help remove the
    markingtapeonthetesttubes.
    12)Continuetothenextpartoftheexperiment.

    Procedures(Oils)

    1)CollecttwotesttubeslabeledA&Bfromyourinstructor.
    2)Unscrewthecapofthetube
    3) Add approximately the same amount of absolute ethanol into each
    tube.

    **CAUTION: Absolute ethanol inhighly flammable, DONOTPOUR


    absoluteethanolNEARTHEHOT
    PLATE. Failure to follow this rule will result in 10% deduction from
    yourlabreportscore**
    4)Screwthecapbackontightly.
    5) Shake each tube vigorously. Observe the change and record the
    findingsintheresultssection.
    6) Call your instructor to show you the brownpaper test and record the
    findingsintheresultssection.

    Results:

    AnalayzingResultsQuestions:
    1.Doesricestoreglucoseasstarch?Howdoyouknowfromyourresults?
    Riceiscontainintheunknown2.Whenwedropiodinesolutionintothe
    unknown2,thecolourischangeintoblack.Sothisshowthatthe
    unknown2iscontainglucoseasstarch.

    2.Doonionsstoreglucoseasstarch?Howdoyouknowfromyourresults?
    Onioniscontainintheunknown1.Ithavereactionwiththebenedicts
    solutionanditbecomepositive.Thisshowthatonionisa
    monosaccharidebutnotpolysaccharide.Sooniondoesnotstoreglucose
    asstarch.

    3.Whatsugarismostlikelypresentindilutedyogurt?
    Lactoseismostlikelypresentindilutedyogurt.

    4.Atesttubecontainsstarch,adigestiveenzymeforstarch,andwater.The
    Biurettestisnegativeshowingnochange.However,after30minutes,the
    Benedictstestispositive.Whatsubstanceispresent?Howdoyouknow?
    First,itisjustastarchandthebiuretdidntreactwithit.Thenadigestive
    enzymeforstarchbrokendownstarchwhichisapolysaccharideintoits
    monomerswhichismonosaccharidesbyhydrolysisreactionso,the
    benedicttestispositive.

    5.Explainhowyouwouldtestanunknownsolutionforeachofthefollowing:
    a.SugarsIwouldusebenedictssolutionandputitonthevortexmixer
    thenputintotheboilingwaterinthebeakerforaround35mins.Itchange
    frombluetoorangered.
    b.FatsIwoulduseabsoluteethanolandputitonthevortexmixer.It
    changefromthetwolayer(whiteandyellow)toonecloudyyellowlayer.
    c.StarchIwoulduseiodinessolutionandputitonthevortexmixer.It
    changefromyellowtoblueblack.
    d.ProteinsIwouldusebiuretsolutionandputitonthevortexmixer.It
    changefrombluetopurple.

    Conclusion:
    1. Waterisanegativecontrolbecauseitdoesntchangeanycolor.
    Glucosesolutionisapositivecontrolforbenedictanditchanges
    colorfrombluetoyellow.Starchsolutionisapositivecontrolfor
    iodinesolutionanditchangescolorfromyellowtoblack.Gelatin
    solutionisapositivecontrolforbiuretsolutionanditchangescolor
    frombluetopurple.Unknown1isapositivecontrolforbenedict
    solutionanditchangescolorfrombluetoorange.Unknown2isa
    positivecontrolforiodinesolutionanditchangesthecolorfrom
    yellowtoblackandunknown3isapositivecontrolforbiuretsolution
    anditchangescolorfrombluetopurple.

    2. Unknown1changesthecolorfrombluetoorangeanditisa
    monosaccharides.Unknown2changesthecolorfromyellowto
    blackanditcontainsastarchforunknown3itchangesthecolor
    frombluetoorangeforbenedictsolutionbutbiuretsolutionfor
    unknown3changesfrombluetopurple.

    3. Theywerenoerrorsintheexperiment.

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