Overpopulation

Definition
Overpopulation is an undesirable condition

where the number of existing human

population exceeds the carrying capacity of
Earth. Overpopulation is caused by number of
factors: Reduced mortality rate, better
medical facilities, depletion of precious
resources.
Absolute overpopulation
Relative overpopulation

Causes of Overpopulation
Technological revolutions
Tool-making revolution
Agricultural revolution
Industrial revolution
Increasing birth rates
Poverty
Immigration
Lack of family planning
Lack of Education
Food production distribution
Fertility treatment technology
Medical advancements
increase in average life expectancy
health care
good prenatal care

 Increasing Birth rates (decline in death

rates)- the infant mortality rate in 1900 was 165

per 1000 births, TODAY, that rate has lowered to
7.
Poverty- For thousands of years, a very small
part of the population had enough money to live
in comfort. The rest faced poverty and would
give birth to large families to make up for the
high infant mortality rate.

 Immigration- Many people prefer to move

to developed countries like US, UK, Canada

and Australia where best facilities are
available in terms of medical, education,
security and employment. The end result is
that those people settle over there and
those places become overcrowded.
Fertility treatment technology191,000 infants are born in the U.S in 2005
alone were conceived in fertility
treatments, accounting 4.6% of births that
year.
Medical advancements- in 1900, the
average life expectancy was 48 years, but
thanks to advances in medicine, today the

Effects of Overpopulation
Depletion of Natural Resources
Disappearance of Non-renewable resources
Intensive factory farming

Food shortages/ Starvation

Easier spread of diseases
Water supply contamination
Desertification
Deforestation/ loss of ecosystems
Mass species extinctions

Environmental damage
Pollution (air, water, land, soil contamination)
Changes in atmospheric condition/ global warming

Rising conflicts between territories (increased warfare)

Elevated crime rates

Unemployment

Depletion of Natural Resources

Lower Life Expectancy in the Fastest Growing

Countries- According to a Harvard study, "Over the

next forty years, nearly all (97%) of the 2.3 billion
projected increase will be in the less developed
regions, with nearly half (49%) in Africa." Already
strained with relentless population explosion, many
developing countries, such as in Sub Saharan Africa
and Southern Asia, will experience a degradation of
their quality and length of life as they face increasing
difficulties to supply water, food, energy and housing
to their growing populations, which will have major
repercussions for public health, security measures
and economic growth.
Disappearance of Non-renewable resourcesestimated that the Earths supply of natural gas will
run out in the next 35 years if population continues to
rise.

 Food shortages/ Starvation- between 2010

and 2012 1 in 8 people around the world is

suffering from hunger and malnourishment.
Easier spread of diseases- the closer people
become, the easier airborne illnesses are
spread: 8.6 million Tuberculosis cases in 2012
Water supply contamination- 3.4 million of
people die each year due to water
contamination related diseases.
Desertification- nearly 1 billion people in 100
countries are threatened by the desertification
of land.

Environmental damage- the general

environment is very affected by

overpopulation: more people, more CO2
emissions.
Rising conflicts between territoriesoverpopulation would cause more wars
regarding ownership of lands: 55,000 of
terrorism-related deaths each year.
Unemployment- the number of jobs
available will never catch up with
population boom: in the last 60 years,
unemployment rate has risen from 2.2%
to 6.1%.

Solutions to Overpopulation
Mitigation measures
Awareness and education
Sex education

Tax benefits/ Concessions

Environmental protection
Accessibility to sexual health

care
Birth control measures and regulations

Family Planning
Urbanization
Extraterrestrial settlement

Policy recommendations: Overpopulation

UNFPA (The United Nations Population Fund):

promotes equality for all people. Its mission is to help

governments by collecting information about different
populations (think censuses), providing sexual
reproductive healthcare to women and youths, and
family planning.
Population Institute:educates policymakers and the
public about population and promotes universal access
to family planning, education, and services.
The Audubon Society:aims at protecting the habitat
of plants and animals, addressing the stressors that
the population puts on these species.
Worldwatch Institute: provides information to
decision makers about environmental concerns by
developing and disseminating data and strategies on
topics such as climate change, resource degradation,
population growth, and poverty.

Policy recommendations:
Overpopulation (In the Philippines)
Commission on Population(POPCOM)
ThePopulation Act[RA 6365]- passed in 1971 made
family planning part of a strategy for national
development.
Philippine Population Management Program(PPMP)in
1993- This was modified three years later to incorporate
"responsible parenthood" policies.
Responsible Parenthood and Family Planning Program.

Population
policy
effectiveness
and
outcomes
The population
of the
Philippines
grew steadily
from about
27million in
1960 to over
90 million in
2008.

Statistical Update in Asia

Statistical Update in the World (top 10)

Projected 2050 population

Continent

Projected 2050
population

Africa

1.8 billion

Asia

5.3 billion

Europe

628 million

Latin
America and
Caribbean

809 million

North
America

392 million

Most populous nations by 2050

TheUnited Nations Population Fund has calculated, based on current trends, t
he future population of the world's countries. These figures can easily change as
events such as wars, diseases,
breakthroughs in life extension technologies, or dramatic demographic changes
would all greatly affect the results.
The study projected the world population in 2050 to be 8.321 billion.

Project Curre
Projected
Population
ed
nt
Cha
Population
Country
Population
change
Rank Rank nge
(2010)
(2030)
(per cent)
2050 2014
8,321,380,00 6,895,889,

World
+20.7%
0
000
India(demographics 1,523,482,00 1,224,614,
01
02
+1
+24.4%
)
0
000
China(
1,393,076,00 1,341,335,
02
01
1
+3.9%
demographics)
0
000
United States(
310,384,0
03
03
=
361,680,000
+16.5%
demographics)
00
Indonesia(
239,871,0
04
04
=
279,659,000
+16.6%
demographics)
00
Nigeria(
158,423,0
05
07
+2
257,815,000
+62.7%
demographics)
00
Pakistan(
173,593,0
06
06
=
234,432,000
+35.0%
demographics)
00
Brazil(
194,946,0
07
05
2
220,492,000
+13.1%
demographics)
00

Population 2050:The global population is expected to increase by 38%,

6.9 billion in 2010 to 9.6 billion in 2050. The population of children younger than
is projected toincrease by only 10%, a consequence of falling birth rates.

According to the United Nations' World Population

Prospects report:
Theworld populationis currently growing by approximately 74
million people per year. Current United Nations predictions
estimate that the world population will reach 9.0 billion around
2050, assuming a decrease in averagefertility ratefrom 2.5
down to 2.0.
Almost all growth will take place in the less developed regions,
where today's 5.3 billion population of underdeveloped
countries is expected to increase to 7.8 billion in 2050. By
contrast, the population of the more developed regions will
remain mostly unchanged, at 1.2 billion. An exception is the
United States population, which is expected to increase by 44%
from 2008 to 2050.
In 20002005, the average world fertility was 2.65 children per
woman, about half the level in 19501955 (5 children per
woman).
During 20052050, nine countries are expected to account for
half of the world's projected population increase:India,
Pakistan,Nigeria, Democratic Republic of the Congo,Bangladesh,
Uganda, United States, Ethiopia, and China.

 Global life expectancy at birth is expected to continue rising

from 65 years in 20002005 to 75 years in 20452050.

In the more developed regions, the projection is to 82
years by 2050. Among the least developed countries,
where life expectancy today is just under 50 years, it is
expected to increase to 66 years by 20452050.
The population of 51 countries or areas is expected to be
lower in 2050 than in 2005.
During 20052050, the net number of international
migrants to more developed regions is projected to be 98
million
In 20002005, net migration in 28 countries either
preventedpopulation declineor doubled at least the
contribution of natural increase (births minus deaths) to
population growth.

Prepared by:
(MLS 2-E)
GROUP 3
CAPATAYAN, Yvonne
Mae
PABALINAS, Mary
Johsyen
SAN PEDRO, Joan Grace
SONZA, Kyell Micco
Rouf
VERGARA, Reymer