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Case Depth

This document discusses case hardness depth (CHD) measurement, which evaluates the hardness depth of surface hardened materials. CHD is calculated as the distance from the surface to the hardness limit. There are different standards for determining the hardness limit depending on the hardening process used, such as 550 HV for carburized parts, 80% of the surface hardness for induction hardened parts, and core hardness plus 50 HV for nitrided parts. An example graph shows a CHD progression from the surface towards the core.

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Sumeet Saini
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497 views

Case Depth

This document discusses case hardness depth (CHD) measurement, which evaluates the hardness depth of surface hardened materials. CHD is calculated as the distance from the surface to the hardness limit. There are different standards for determining the hardness limit depending on the hardening process used, such as 550 HV for carburized parts, 80% of the surface hardness for induction hardened parts, and core hardness plus 50 HV for nitrided parts. An example graph shows a CHD progression from the surface towards the core.

Uploaded by

Sumeet Saini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Case Hardness Depth (CHD) Measurement

Surface Hardness
A common application of hardness testing is the evaluation of the
hardness depth of surface hardened materials. This is done by means
of performing a series of hardness impressions from the edge of the
sample towards the centre. The hardness progression is plotted in a
graph and the distance from the surface to the so-called hardness limit
(HL) is calculated.
Case Depth = Distance from Surface to Hardness Limit
Applicable Standards: EN ISO 2639 / EN 10328 / ISO 3754 / DIN
50190-3

Why Hardening?
Hardening of steel is done to increase the strength and wear
properties. One of the prerequisites for hardening is sufficient carbon
and alloy content. If there is sufficient carbon content then the steel
can be directly hardened. Otherwise, the surface of the part has to be
carbon enriched using diffusion treatment hardening techniques.
Hardened steel parts are typically used in moving or rotating
applications where high wear resistance and/or strength is required,
such as gear and engine parts, injection pumps and nozzles, etc. As
hardening makes the steel brittle, surface hardening is therefore
performed to retain the ductility in the material core.

Different ways of Determining the Hardness Limit


There are different ways of determining the hardness limit and thus calculating the CHD value.
The procedure depends on the hardening process used. Generally, we distinguish between three
ways of calculating the hardness limit:
1. Carburised or carbonitrided parts (EN ISO 2639)
Hardness Limit = 550 HV
CHD (Eht) = Distance from surface to point where hardness is 550 HV
2. Induction or flame hardened parts (EN 10328, ISO 3754)
Hardness Limit = 80% x (Minimum) surface hardness.
CHD (Rht) = Distance from surface to point where hardness is 80% of (minimum) surface
hardness.

3. Nitrided parts (DIN 50190-3)


Hardness Limit = Core Hardness + 50 HV.
CHD (Nht, NCD) = (Max.) Distance from the surface to the point where hardness is 50HV1
above core hardness

Example of CHD Progression

CHD Measurement Displaying CHD-value of 0.95 mm at Hardness


Limit of 550 HV1

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