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Limitation of Vander Walls Equation

Van Der Waals modified the perfect gas equation PV=RT in 1879 to account for intermolecular forces and finite molecular size. The Van Der Waals equation approximates gas behavior better than the perfect gas law but has limitations, as the values of its constants a and b can vary with temperature, gas type, and molecular structure. Specifically, the equation does not closely model gas behavior near the critical point.

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Raktim Deka
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4K views

Limitation of Vander Walls Equation

Van Der Waals modified the perfect gas equation PV=RT in 1879 to account for intermolecular forces and finite molecular size. The Van Der Waals equation approximates gas behavior better than the perfect gas law but has limitations, as the values of its constants a and b can vary with temperature, gas type, and molecular structure. Specifically, the equation does not closely model gas behavior near the critical point.

Uploaded by

Raktim Deka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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In 1879 Van Der Waals

modified the perfect gas


equation PV=RT by applying
correction for
1. Intermolecular force of
attraction and
2. Finite size of molecules.
Limitations of Van Der Waals Equation are given below:
1. The values of constant a and b obtained by different methods differ considerably. Although
Van Der Waals theory assumes them to be constant. The value of a is found to depend on the
temperature. At very high temperatures, it tends to zero.
2. According to theory, Vc=3b, but it is found to depend on the nature of gas. Experimentally, it
is found that Vc2b.
3. The theoretical value of critical coefficient RTc PcVc is 2.667 for all gases. However, it varies
from gas to gas with an average value of 3.7 for most of the gases. This constant appears to
depend on the molecular structure of the gas.
Thus no gas obeys Van Der Waals equation closely in the vicinity of the critical point.

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