EMBEDDED SYSTEMS LAB

DEPT.OF ECE

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS LAB MANUAL

M.TECH 1ST YEAR IIND SEM

PRAGNABHARATH
INSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGY
MUDMYAL,CHEVELLA

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LIST OF EXPERIMENTS: PART-A

1. Assembly programs for addition, subtraction, multiplication
2. Configuring the Port bits
3. Configuring the port bit by setting and clearing
4. Write a program to Configure P0.13 and P0.19 as Output and Setting
them High
5. Write a program to Configure 1st 16 Pins of Port 0 (P0.0 to P0.15) as
Output and Setting them High:
6. Write a program for toggling the port
7. Write a program for toggling the port with some delay
8. Write a program for toggling the port with delay using timer0.
9. Write a program for generation of interrupt using timers
10.Write a program for generation of PWM signal.
11.Write a program to implement buzzer interface
12.Demonstration of serial communication using RS-232
13.Write a program for interfacing LCD display unit
14.Write a program to interface keypad

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1. Write an assembly program for addition, subtraction, multiplication.

ADDITION:
AREA ADD, CODE, READONLY
ENTRY
START
MOV R1,#23
MOV R2,#23
ADD R3,R2,R1
END
SUBTRACTION:
AREA ADD, CODE, READONLY
ENTRY
START
MOV R1,#23
MOV R2,#23
SUB R3,R2,R1
END
MULTIPLICATION:
AREA ADD, CODE, READONLY
ENTRY
START
MOV R1,#23
MOV R2,#23

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MUL R3,R2,R1
END
2. Write a program to configure Pin 19 of Port 0 as Output and want to
drive it High(Logic1)
#include <lpc214x.h>
int main(void)
{
IO0DIR |= (1<<19); // Config P0.19 as Ouput
While (1)
{
IO0SET |= (1<<19); // Make ouput High for P0.19
}

3. Write a program to configure Pin 15 High of Port-0 as output i.e P0.15

and then Low
#include <lpc214x.h>
int main(void)
{
IO0DIR |= (1<<15); // P0.15 is Output pin
While (1)
{
IO0SET |= (1<<15); // Output for P0.15 becomes High
IO0CLR |= (1<<15); // Output for P0.15 becomes Low
}
}

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4. Write a program to Configure P0.13 and P0.19 as Ouput and Setting

them High:
#include <lpc214x.h>
int main(void)
{
IO0DIR |= (1<<13) | (1<<19); // Config P0.13 and P0.19 as Ouput
While (1)
{
IO0SET |= (1<<13) | (1<<19); // Make ouput High for P0.13 and P0.19
}
}

5. Write a program to Configure 1st 16 Pins of Port 0 (P0.0 to P0.15) as

Ouput and Setting them High:
#include <lpc214x.h>
int main(void)
{
IO0DIR |= 0x0000FFFF; // Config P0.0 to P0.15 as Ouput
While (1)
{
IO0SET |= 0x0000FFFF; // Make ouput High for P0.0 to P0.15
}
}

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6. Write a program for toggling the port

#include <lpc214x.h>
int main (void)
{
IO0DIR = 0xFFFFFFFF; // Configure all pins on Port 0 as Output
while(1)
{
IO0SET = 0xFFFFFFFF; // Turn on LEDs
IO0CLR = 0xFFFFFFFF; // Turn them off
}
}

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7. Write a program for toggling the port with some delay

include <lpc214x.h>
void delay(void);
int main(void)
{
IO0DIR = 0xFFFFFFFF; // Configure all pins on Port 0 as Output
while(1)
{
IO0SET = 0xFFFFFFFF; // Turn on LEDs
delay();
IO0CLR = 0xFFFFFFFF; // Turn them off
delay();
}
return 0; // normally this wont execute
}
void delay(void)
{
int i,j;
for(i=0; i<4000000; i++) //
{
for(j=0;j<10000;j++);
}
}

DEPT.OF ECE

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8. Write a program for toggling the port with delay using timer0.
Include <lpc214x.h>
void delay(void);
int main(void)
{
IO0DIR = 0xFFFFFFFF; // Configure all pins on Port 0 as Output
while(1)
{
IO0SET = 0xFFFFFFFF; // Turn on LEDs
delay();
IO0CLR = 0xFFFFFFFF; // Turn them off
delay();
}
return 0; // normally this wont execute
}
void delayMS(unsigned int milliseconds) //Using Timer0
{
T0TCR = 0x02; //Reset Timer
T0TCR = 0x01; //Enable timer
while(T0TC < milliseconds); //wait until timer counter reaches the desired delay
T0TCR = 0x00; //Disable timer
}

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9. Write a program for generation of interrupt using timers

#include <lpc214x.h>
#define MR0I (1<<0)
#define MR0R (1<<1)

//Interrupt When TC matches MR0

//Reset TC when TC matches MR0

#define DELAY_MS 500

//0.5 Second(s) Delay
#define PRESCALE 60000 //60000 PCLK clock cycles to increment TC by 1
void initClocks(void);
void initTimer0(void);
__irq void T0ISR(void);
void initClocks(void);
int main(void)
{
initClocks();
//Initialize CPU and Peripheral Clocks @ 60Mhz
initTimer0();
//Initialize Timer0
IO0DIR = 0xFFFFFFFF;
//Configure all pins on Port 0 as Output
IO0PIN = 0x0;
T0TCR = 0x01;
while(1);

//Enable timer
//Infinite Idle Loop

}
void initTimer0(void)
{
/*Assuming that PLL0 has been setup with CCLK = 60Mhz and PCLK also =
60Mhz.*/
//----------Configure Timer0------------T0CTCR = 0x0;
T0PR = PRESCALE-1;
60000 clock cycles

//(Value in Decimal!) - Increment T0TC at every

//Count begins from zero hence subtracting 1
//60000 clock cycles @60Mhz = 1 mS

T0MR0 = DELAY_MS-1; //(Value in Decimal!) Zero Indexed Count - hence

subtracting 1
T0MCR = MR0I | MR0R; //Set bit0 & bit1 to High which is to : Interrupt &
Reset TC on
MR0

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//----------Setup Timer0 Interrupt------------VICVectAddr4 = (unsigned )T0ISR; //Pointer Interrupt Function (ISR)

VICVectCntl4 = 0x20 | 4;
slot

//0x20 (i.e bit5 = 1) -> to enable Vectored IRQ

//0x4 (bit[4:0]) -> this the source number - here

its timer0 which has VIC channel mask # as 4
//You can get the VIC Channel number from
Lpc214x manual R2 - pg 58 / sec 5.5
VICIntEnable = 0x10;
//Enable timer0 int
T0TCR = 0x02; //Reset Timer
}
__irq void T0ISR(void)
{
long int regVal;
regVal = T0IR; //Read current IR value
IO0PIN = ~IO0PIN; //Toggle all pins in Port 0
T0IR = regVal; //Write back to IR to clear Interrupt Flag
VICVectAddr = 0x0; //This is to signal end of interrupt execution
}

void initClocks(void)
{
// This function is used to config PPL0 and setup both
// CPU and Peripheral clock @ 60Mhz
// You can find its definition in the attached files or case #2 source
}

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10.Write a program for generation of PWM signal.

#include <lpc214x.h>
#define PLOCK 0x00000400
#define PWMPRESCALE 60

//60 PCLK cycles to increment TC by 1 i.e 1 Micro-second

void init_PWM(void);
void init_Clocks(void);
int main(void)
{
init_Clocks();
init_PWM();

//Initialize CPU and Peripheral Clocks @ 60Mhz

//Initialize PWM

//IO0DIR = 0x1; This is not needed!

//Also by default all pins are configured as Inputs after MCU Reset.
while(1)
{
if( !((IO0PIN) & (1<<1)) )
// Check P0.1
{
PWMMR1 = 1000;
PWMLER = (1<<1);
//Update Latch Enable bit for PWMMR1
}
else if( !((IO0PIN) & (1<<2)) ) // Check P0.2
{
PWMMR1 = 1250;
PWMLER = (1<<1);
}
else if( !((IO0PIN) & (1<<3)) ) // Check P0.3
{
PWMMR1 = 1500;
PWMLER = (1<<1);
}
else if( !((IO0PIN) & (1<<4)) ) // Check P0.4
{
PWMMR1 = 1750;
PWMLER = (1<<1);
}
}
//return 0;
//normally this wont execute ever
}

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void init_PWM(void)
{
/*Assuming that PLL0 has been setup with CCLK = 60Mhz and PCLK also = 60Mhz.*/
/*This is a per the Setup & Init Sequence given in the tutorial*/
PINSEL0 = (1<<1);
// Select PWM1 output for Pin0.0
PWMPCR = 0x0;
//Select Single Edge PWM - by default its single Edged so this line
can be removed
PWMPR = PWMPRESCALE-1;
// 1 micro-second resolution
PWMMR0 = 20000;
// 20ms = 20k us - period duration
PWMMR1 = 1000;
// 1ms - pulse duration i.e width
PWMMCR = (1<<1);
// Reset PWMTC on PWMMR0 match
PWMLER = (1<<1) | (1<<0);
// update MR0 and MR1
PWMPCR = (1<<9);
// enable PWM output
PWMTCR = (1<<1) ;
//Reset PWM TC & PR
PWMTCR = (1<<0) | (1<<3);
// enable counters and PWM Mode
//PWM Generation goes active now!!
//Now you can get the PWM output at Pin P0.0!
}

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS LAB

11.Write a program to implement buzzer interface

#include<lpc21xx.h>
int main(void)
{
unsigned int i;
IO0DIR = 0Xffffffff;
IO1DIR=0Xffffffff;
while(1)
{
for (i=0;i<10000;i=i+100)
{
IO0SET = 0X00000080;
IO1SET = 0X00ff0000;
delay(i*10);
IO0CLR = 0X00000080;
IO1CLR = 0X00ff0000;
delay(i*10);
}

for (i=10000;i>0;i=i-100)
{
IO0SET = 0X00000080;
IO1SET = 0X00ff0000;
delay(i*10);
IO0CLR = 0X00000080;
IO1CLR = 0X00ff0000;

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delay(i*10);
}
}
}
void delay(unsigned long cnt)
{
unsigned long temp,val;
for(temp=0;temp<cnt;temp++)
for (val=0;val<10;val++);
}

NOTE:
1.

Make P0.7 to operate as GPIO pin using PINSEL.

2.

Configure PO.7 as output pin using IO0DIR.

3.

Provide signals on P0.7 to control buzzing sound from buzzer.

DEPT.OF ECE

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DEPT.OF ECE

12.Demonstration of serial communication using RS-232

#include <LPC21xx.H>

/* LPC21xx definitions*/

//#include "serial.h"
int main(void)
{
int j=0;
init_serial (); // initialise serial port with 9600bps
SendChar ('A'); // transmit char A
SendChar ('\n'); // transmit new line character
SendString("Ellenki"); // transmit string Ellenki
SendChar ('\n'); // transmit new line character
SendDigit(236); // transmit digit 236
}
void init_serial (void)
{

/*Initialize Serial Interface */

PINSEL0 = PINSEL0 | 0X00000005;

U0LCR = 0X83;

/* Enable RxD0 and TxD0

/*8 bits, no Parity, 1 Stop bit

U0DLL = 0XC3;
U0DLM = 0X00;

/* 9600bps baud rate */

U0LCR = 0X03;

/* DLAB = 0

*/

}
int GetChar (void)
{

/* Read character from Serial Port */

while (!(U0LSR & 0x01));

return (U0RBR);
}

*/

*/

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char SendChar (char SDat)

{

/* Write character to Serial Port */

while (!(U0LSR & 0x20));

return (U0THR = SDat);
}
void SendString(char *lcd_string)
{
while (*lcd_string)
{
SendChar(*lcd_string++);
}
}
void SendDigit(unsigned int dat)
{
unsigned int temp,i=0, buf[10];
while(dat>=10)
{
buf[i]=dat%10;
dat=dat/10;
i++;
}
buf[i]=dat;
for(temp=0;temp<=i;temp++)
{
SendChar(buf[i-temp]+'0');
}
}

DEPT.OF ECE

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13.Write a program for interfacing LCD display unit

#include <LPC21xx.h>
#include "lcd4bit.h"
int main(void) {
init_lcd();
while(1)
{
lcd_command(0x01);
lcd_command(0x80);
printlcd("Welcome To");
lcd_command(0xC0);
printlcd("ELLENKI");
Delay(50000000);
lcd_command(0x01);
lcd_command(0x80);
printlcd("LCD Interface ");
lcd_command(0xC0);
printlcd("with LPC 2148");
Delay(50000000);
lcd_command(0x01);
lcd_command(0x80);
printlcd("Developed By:");
lcd_command(0xC0);
printlcd("ELLENKI STUDENTS");
Delay(50000000);
}

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}
void init_lcd(void)
{
IO1DIR

|= 0x00FE0000;

Delay(200000) ;
Delay(100000);
write_command(0x30 << 16);
Delay(100000);
write_command(0x20 << 16);
lcd_command(0x01);

/* clear display */

lcd_command(0x06);

/* auto address inc */

lcd_command(0x0c);

/* cursor off */

lcd_command(0x80);

/* first location */

}
void Delay(unsigned long b)
{
while (--b!=0);
}
void write_command(int cmd)
{
IO1CLR |= 0x00f00000;

// Clear Data pins

IO1CLR |= 0x00040000;

// RW = 0

IO1CLR |= 0X00020000;

// RS= 0,

IO1SET |= 0x00f00000 & cmd;

IO1SET |= 0X00080000;
Delay(30000);
IO1CLR |= 0x00080000;

//Set Data pins

// Enable = 1
// Provide Delay
// Set Enable=0

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}
void write_data(int dat)
{
IO1CLR |= 0x00f00000;
IO1CLR |= 0x00040000;
IO1SET |= 0X00020000;
IO1SET |= 0x00f00000 & dat;
IO1SET |= 0X00080000;
Delay(30000);
IO1CLR |= 0x00080000;
}
void lcd_data(char dat)
{
write_data(dat << 16);
write_data(dat << 20);
}
void lcd_command(char cmd)
{
write_command(cmd << 16);
write_command(cmd << 20);
}
void printlcd(char *CPtr)
{
while(*CPtr != '\0')
{
lcd_data(*CPtr);
CPtr++;
Delay(20000); } }

DEPT.OF ECE

// Clear Data pins4-D7

// RW= 0
//RS= 1
// Set Data pins
// Enable = 1
//Provide Delay
//Set Enable=0

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14.Write a program to interface keypad and lcd

#include<lpc21xx.h>
#include "lcd4bit.h"
#define CLR 0x0003C000
Unsigned char check (int);
void delay(int);
int main(void)
{
init_lcd();
lcd_command(0x01);
lcd_command(0x80);
printlcd("4x4 KEYPAD");
lcd_command(0xC0);
printlcd("with LPC 2148");
delay(2000);
lcd_command(0x01);
lcd_command(0x80);
printlcd("Developed By:");
lcd_command(0xC0);
printlcd("Shekar ");
delay(2000);
lcd_command(0x01);
lcd_command(0x80);
printlcd("Enter Value");
lcd_command(0xC0);
IO0DIR = 0X0003C000;
while(1)

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{
IO0CLR = CLR;
IO0SET = O1;
delay(10);
if(check(I1))
{
lcd_data('0');
}
if(check(I2))
{
lcd_data('1');
}
if(check(I3))
{
lcd_data('2');
}
if(check(I4))
{
lcd_data('3');
}
IO0CLR = CLR;
IO0SET = O2;
if(check(I1))
{
lcd_data('4');
}
if(check(I2))

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{
lcd_data('5');
}
if(check(I3))
{
lcd_data('6');
}
if(check(I4))
{
lcd_data('7');
}

IO0CLR = CLR;
IO0SET = O3;
if(check(I1))
{
lcd_data('8');
}
if(check(I2))
{
lcd_data('9');
}
if(check(I3))
{
lcd_data('A');
}
if(check(I4))

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{
lcd_data('B');
}
IO0CLR = CLR;
IO0SET = O4;
if(check(I1))
{
lcd_data('C');
}
if(check(I2))
{
lcd_data('D');
}
if(check(I3))
{
lcd_data('E');
}
if(check(I4))
{
lcd_data('F');
}
}
}
char check(int val)

/* scanning a a key

{
while((IO0PIN & 0X00003C00)==val)
{

*/

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delay(50);
if((IO0PIN & 0X00003C00)== 0X00003C00)return(1);
}
return(0) ;
}
void delay(int n)
*/

/* generates one milisecond delay

{
int i,j;
for (i=1; i<=n; i++)
for(j=0; j<=40000; j++);
}
void write_command(int cmd)
{

IO1CLR |= 0x00f00000;

/* Clear D4-D7 */

IO1CLR |= 0x00040000;

/* Read/Write = 0

IO1CLR |= 0X00020000;
IO1SET |= 0x00f00000 & cmd;
IO1SET |= 0X00080000;

*/

/* Register Select = 0,Command */

/* Set D4-D7
/* Enable = 1

*/

Delay(30000);
IO1CLR |= 0x00080000;

/* set E to low */

}
void write_data(int dat)
{
IO1CLR |= 0x00f00000;

/* Clear D4-D7 */

IO1CLR |= 0x00040000;

/* Read/Write = 0

IO1SET |= 0X00020000;

*/

*/

/* Register Select = 1,Data */

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IO1SET |= 0x00f00000 & dat;

IO1SET |= 0X00080000;
Delay(30000);

/* Enable = 1

}
void lcd_data(char dat)
{
write_data(dat << 16);
write_data(dat << 20);
}
void lcd_command(char cmd)
{
write_command(cmd << 16);
write_command(cmd << 20);

void printlcd(char *CPtr)

{
while(*CPtr != '\0')
{
lcd_data(*CPtr);
CPtr++;
Delay(20000);
}
}
void init_lcd(void)
{
IO1DIR |= 0x00FE0000;

*/

//delay ~2ms

IO1CLR |= 0x00080000;

/* Set D4-D7

/* Set E to low

*/

*/

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Delay(200000) ;
write_command(0x28 << 16);
Delay(100000);
lcd_command(0x01);

/* clear display */

lcd_command(0x06);

/* auto address inc */

lcd_command(0x0c);

/* cursor off */

lcd_command(0x80);

/* first location */