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    Pediatric Pharmacology: Dr. Putrya Hawa, M.Biomed Faculty of Medicine, UII

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    Afied Fitrah
    This document discusses pediatric pharmacology and focuses on drug dosing in children. It notes that children have a more permeable skin barrier, less muscle mass, and different liver blood flow than adults. This impacts topical, intramuscular, and oral drug administration. Dosing is often based on weight and formulas are provided to calculate doses from adult amounts. An example of treating neonatal sepsis with ampicillin and gentamicin is provided. Gentamicin dosing and pharmacokinetics in neonates differs significantly from adults due to variations in volume of distribution and renal clearance.

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    Pediatric Pharmacology: Dr. Putrya Hawa, M.Biomed Faculty of Medicine, UII

    Uploaded by

    Afied Fitrah
    105 views27 pages
    This document discusses pediatric pharmacology and focuses on drug dosing in children. It notes that children have a more permeable skin barrier, less muscle mass, and different liver blood flow than adults. This impacts topical, intramuscular, and oral drug administration. Dosing is often based on weight and formulas are provided to calculate doses from adult amounts. An example of treating neonatal sepsis with ampicillin and gentamicin is provided. Gentamicin dosing and pharmacokinetics in neonates differs significantly from adults due to variations in volume of distribution and renal clearance.

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    UII

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    05- Pediatric Pharmacology

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    This document discusses pediatric pharmacology and focuses on drug dosing in children. It notes that children have a more permeable skin barrier, less muscle mass, and different liver blood flow than adults. This impacts topical, intramuscular, and oral drug administration. Dosing is often based on weight and formulas are provided to calculate doses from adult amounts. An example of treating neonatal sepsis with ampicillin and gentamicin is provided. Gentamicin dosing and pharmacokinetics in neonates differs significantly from adults due to variations in volume of distribution and renal clearance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    105 views27 pages

    Pediatric Pharmacology: Dr. Putrya Hawa, M.Biomed Faculty of Medicine, UII

    Uploaded by

    Afied Fitrah
    This document discusses pediatric pharmacology and focuses on drug dosing in children. It notes that children have a more permeable skin barrier, less muscle mass, and different liver blood flow than adults. This impacts topical, intramuscular, and oral drug administration. Dosing is often based on weight and formulas are provided to calculate doses from adult amounts. An example of treating neonatal sepsis with ampicillin and gentamicin is provided. Gentamicin dosing and pharmacokinetics in neonates differs significantly from adults due to variations in volume of distribution and renal clearance.

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    Pediatric Pharmacology

    dr. Putrya Hawa, M.Biomed


    Faculty of Medicine, UII

    Pediatric

    Skin barrier

    In topical administration

    Muscle mass,
    peripheral blood
    flow

    in i.m administration
    toxicity

    Liver blood flow

    Pharmacodynamic
    Immature neuromuscular junction
    curare, atracurium

    Drug Dosage
    Pediatric dose:
    1.Based on body weight
    2.Young Formula
    : adult dosage x age (years)
    age + 12
    3.Clarks Formula
    : adult dose x weight (kg)
    70

    Example: Neonatal Sepsis


    Leading cause of mortality in
    premature neonates
    Causes: Group B strep, E.coli,
    Klebsiella,rare but serious Listeria
    monocytogenes
    Empiric therapy: ampicillin and
    gentamicin
    Safe, inexpensive, well studied

    Gentamicin
    Water-soluble with a large volume of
    distribution
    Approximately 0.6 L/kg in neonate
    versus 0.25 L/kg in an adult
    Renal elimination slower than adult
    Half-life 3-10 hours in a neonate,
    compared
    to 1-2 hours in an adult

    Gentamicin (Cont)
    Target levels same as adults
    Peak 4-8 mcg/mL, trough < 2 mcg/mL
    Infused over 30 minutes
    Usual dose 2.5 mg/kg given every 8 to
    36
    hours
    Interval determined by weight,
    gestational age, and renal function

    Extended Gentamicin
    Interval
    Doses of 4 mg/kg given once daily in
    larger newborns
    Limited data in newborns < 32 weeks
    GA
    Risk for toxicity if unable to clear
    large initial dose
    Use with caution in infants with
    potential renal impairment

    Thank you

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