EP 307: Quantum Mechanics I Linear Algebra Tutorial Sheet

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EP 307: Quantum Mechanics I

Linear Algebra Tutorial Sheet


This tutorial sheet deals with some problems aimed at refereshing your knowledge of
linear algebra.
1. Consider the vector space P 3 (x) spanned by polynomials of degree three. Using the
standard basis {1, x, x2 , x3 }, obtain a representation for the rst-derivative operator
d
in P3 .
dx
2. Show that the vectors
1 = (1, 0, 1),

2 = (1, 2, 1),

, 3 = (0, 3, 2)

form a basis for R3 . Express the coordinates of the standard basis vectors in the new
basis set.
3. Let B = {1 , 2 , 3 } be the ordered basis for R3 consisting of
1 = (1, 0, 1),

2 = (1, 1, 1),

3 = (1, 0, 0).

What are the coordinates of the vector (a, b, c) in the ordered basis B .
4. Let T : R3 R3 , be a linear transformation dened by
T (x1 , x2 , x3 ) = (2x1 + x2 , x1 + x2 + 3x3 , x2 ).

(a) Obtain the representation of T with respect to the standard basis.


(b) Let there be another basis B = (v1 , v2 , v3 ), where v1 = (1, 0, 0), v2 = (2, 1, 0),
v3 = (1, 1, 1). Obtain the representation of T with respect to B , by applying a
suitable similarity transformation on the result of part (a).
5. Consider the matrix

3
0
2

2
0
A= 0
.
2 0 1

Is A a diagonalizable matrix?. If yes, demonstrate it by nding a similarity transformation P which will diagonalize it. If no, give reasons.
6. Let A be a 2 2 matrix with real entries. For X, Y in R21 let
fA (X, Y ) = Y T AX.

Show that fA is an inner product on R21 if and only if A = AT , A11 > 0, A22 > 0,
and det (A) > 0.

7. Consider the space of polynomials with the degree at most two (P 2 (x)). Assume that
the denition of the inner product on this space is
(p|q) =

Z 1

p(x)q(x)dx,

where p(x), q(x) P 2 (x).


(a) Clearly the standard basis set for P 2 (x) is B = {1, x, x2 }. Is this basis set
orthogonal?
(b) If your answer to part (a) is no, then obtain an orthonormal basis set for P 2 (x)
using the Gram-Schmidt procedure.
8. Consider the real-symmetric matrix

3 2 0
3 0
A=
2
.
0
0 5

Obtain its eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and thus, construct an orthogonal matrix O
which will diagonalize A.
9. Consider the matrix

2 1
1

2 1
A = 1

1 1
2

Calculate eA . Is eA inverse of eA ? Support your answer by calculations.

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