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10 Allusions

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Shean 1

Samar Shean
English 101H
Professor McKeever
18 October 2015
Word Count:182
Hercules as an Allusion
Hercules, the remarkably brave son of Zeus by Alcmene, may serve as an allusion to
strength. Besides his tremendous physical strength he had great self confidence and considered
himself equal to the gods. Hercules went through a series of 12 dangerous labors, his final task
being the most difficult. He had to descend to the kingdom of Hades and capture the fierce 3headed dog, Cerberus, that guarded the gates to the underworld. Hades promised Hercules he
could take the beast if he used no weapons to overcome him. Hercules managed to wrestle
Cerberus and defeated him by feeding him drugged food, he then, victoriously carried him to
Eurystheus. This provides a useful allusion for writers to symbolize difficulty. For example,
Aldous Huxley wrote in Point Counter Point, (1928) "he would say to anyone who asked him
about the progress of the book.. 'its a labour of Hercules."
Work Cited
Delahunty, Andrew, Sheila Dignen, and Penny Stock. The Oxford Dictionary of
Allusions. New York: Oxford UP, 2001. Print.

Shean 2

Samar Shean
English 101H
Professor McKeever
18 October 2015
Word count:
Aphrodite as an Allusion
Aphrodite the Olympian goddess of beauty, fertility, and sexual love, born from the foam
of the sea, functions as an allusion to beauty. After rising from the sea foam, she first approached
the island of Cythera. As she walked on the coast of the sea, flowers sprang up under her feet and
Eros and Himeros accompanied her to the assembly of the other great gods. Where everyone's
eyes struck with admiration and love by her appearance. Aphrodite's surpassing beauty made all
the gods desire to have her as their wife. This provides a useful allusion for writers and is
demonstrated in The Professor by Charlotte Bronte, (1857) "Ah there is beauty! Beauty in
perfection .you played the austere, the insensible in the presence of an Aphrodite so
exquisite?" Today Aphrodite is symbolized as beauty & love for numerous cosmetic and perfume
companies. Also exquisite beauty remains to be compared to Aphrodite.
Work Cited
Delahunty, Andrew, Sheila Dignen, and Penny Stock. The Oxford Dictionary of
Allusions. New York: Oxford UP, 2001. Print.
"Aphrodite." Aphrodite. Deviantart, 1997. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.

Shean 3

Samar Shean
English 101H
Professor McKeever
18 October 2015
Word count: 193
Artemis as an Allusion
Artemis also known as Diana, the twin sister of Apollo, was the virgin goddess of
chastity, the hunt and the moon. Artemis serves as the allusion of sexual abstinence. She was
believed to protect virgins and women during child birth and labor. Born to Zeus and Leto on the
island of Ortygia (Delos), as soon as she was born she helped her mother give birth to her twin
brother Apollo, hence one of her roles as a goddess. Artemis asked her father Zeus to grant her
eternal chastity and virginity, she rejected love and marriage and was devoted to hunting and
nature. This allusion was used in The Woodlanders by Thomas Hardy (1887), "The purity of his
nature showed deep affection for him of a woman who herself, had more of Artemis than of
Aphrodite in her constitution."
Work Cited
Delahunty, Andrew, Sheila Dignen, and Penny Stock. The Oxford Dictionary of Allusions. New
York: Oxford UP, 2001. Print.
"ARTEMIS : Greek Goddess of Hunting| Roman Diana." ARTEMIS : Greek Goddess of Hunting. N.p.,
1998. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.

Shean 4

Samar Shean
English 101H
Professor McKeever
18 October 2015
Word Count: 190
Fortuna as an Allusion
Fortuna, worshipped under many epithets, the Roman goddess of luck, fate, and fortune
may function as an allusion of fortune. Her name derived from the latin root Fero meaning "to
bring, win, receive or get," Fortuna was associated with bringing about good luck and was
usually depicted holding in one hand a cornucopia, or a horn of plenty which represented her
ability to bestow prosperity. Fortuna predicted a soldier the glorious fate of the entire Roman
empire, so the Romans continued to worship her sayings because of the good luck that came with
them. This allusion was useful in John Kennedy Toole's A Confederacy of Dunces (1980)
"Fortuna's wheel had turned on humanity." Fortuna controlled how lives and fates were steered,
by bringing good luck but also demonstrating the ups and downs of fortune.
Work Cited
Delahunty, Andrew, Sheila Dignen, and Penny Stock. The Oxford Dictionary of Allusions. New York:
Oxford UP, 2001. Print.
"Fortuna - Goddess of Luck - Crystalinks." Fortuna - Goddess of Luck - Crystalinks. N.p., 2001. Web. 18
Oct. 2015.

Shean 5

Samar Shean
English 101H
Professor McKeever
18 October 2015
Word Count:
Hades as an Allusion

Hades, the king of the underworld, the god of death and the dead, functions as an allusion
to death and darkness. He presided over funeral rites and defended the right of the dead to due
burial. As soon as he was born, Hades and his four other siblings were devoured by Kronos, Zeus
later caused the Titan to disgorge them and together they drove the titan gods from heaven and
locked them away. When the 3 victorious brothers divided the world, Hades received the 3rd
portion, the dark dismal realm of the underworld, as his domain. "..And the sea gave up the dead
which were in it, and death and Hades gave up the dead which were in them." (Revelation 20:14)
Hades is depicted as a dark-bearded regal god, he's associated with darkness and shadows.
Work Cited
"Hades." Hades. Greek Mythology, 2015. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.
Bible: The final judgment-- Revelation 20:14. Print. 18 Oct. 2015

Shean 6

Samar Shean
English 101H
Professor McKeever
18 October 2015
Word Count:
Oedipus as an Allusion
Oedipus, the envious son of Laius and Jocasta, king of Thebes, may serve as an allusion
of jealousy. Growing up he becomes envious of his father's relationship with his mother and
develops an unusual incestuous love for his mother. Later, he unwittingly fulfills a prophecy to
kill his father so he can marry his mother. When the truth was discovered, his mother hung
herself and he gouged out his own eyes. Oedipus brought chaotic disaster to his family and city
after this traumatic event. His name remains to be associated with "the idea of incestuous love of
a son for his mother and the jealousy of a son towards his father." David Lodge provides and
example of this allusion in Nice Work, (1989) "Robyn considered this was just talk designed to
ward off hubris about his examinations, or an oedipal teasing of his academic father."
Work Cited
Delahunty, Andrew, Sheila Dignen, and Penny Stock. The Oxford Dictionary of Allusions. New
York: Oxford UP, 2001. Print.

Shean 7

Samar Shean
English 101H
Professor McKeever
18 October 2015
Word Count: 202
Pegasus as an Allusion

Pegasus, the winged horse, son of Poseidon and Gorgon Medusa, may serve as an
allusion of escape; freedom. An immortal winged horse, usually depicted as white colored was
born from the head of Medusa when she was beheaded by the hero Perseus. Pegasus was rode by
Perseus who came to rescue Andromeda, who was tied to a rock and left to be devoured by a sea
monster. Pegasus was also ridden by Bellerophon during the battle against the fire breathingKhimaira. Later after the hero attempted to fly to heaven, the gods threw the horse back down to
earth. Pegasus continued to wing its way to heaven where it took place in the stables of Zeus. In
Anthony Trollope's Barchester Towers (1857) "Bertie, in short was to be the Pegasus on whose
wings they were to ride out of their present dilemma." Today Pegasus is frequently compared to
situations representing freedom.
Work Cited
Delahunty, Andrew, Sheila Dignen, and Penny Stock. The Oxford Dictionary of Allusions. New York:
Oxford UP, 2001. Print.
"Pegasus, the Winged Horse in Greek Mythology." Greek Myths Greek Mythology. N.p., n.d.
18 Oct. 2015.

Web.

Shean 8

Samar Shean
English 101H
Professor McKeever
18 October 2015
Word Count: 166
The Sirens as an Allusion
In Greek Mythology, Sirens were sea creatures usually depicted as half women, half bird,
may serve as allusions to danger seduction. They were the daughters of the river god, Achelous.
These beautiful but dangerous creatures lured the sailors with their seductive voices to their
doom. The Sirens used their fascinating voices to sing divine tunes to call on the sailors and this
would cause the ships to crash on the reefs near their island. The term "siren" is frequently used
as an allusion to portray appealing sounds or voices. As an example in The independent (1996)
"She will always be the odd Japanese artist who stole Britain's greatest rock n roller...the woman
who split the Beatles, the siren on whose rock the mythical innocence of the sixties was
wrecked."
Work Cited
Delahunty, Andrew, Sheila Dignen, and Penny Stock. The Oxford Dictionary of Allusions. New
York: Oxford UP, 2001. Print.

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