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    Uworld Journal

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    Jay
    Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is caused by impaired ADAMTS13 protease, which leads to uncleaved von Willebrand factor multimers causing microvascular thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, and hemolytic anemia with schistocyte formation. Disseminated intravascular coagulation results in prolonged prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time, thrombosis, and bleeding. Epstein-Barr virus infects mature B lymphocytes and causes heterophile antibody production and immunoglobulin M antibodies against horse and sheep red blood cells.

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    Uworld Journal

    Uploaded by

    Jay
    620 views3 pages
    Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is caused by impaired ADAMTS13 protease, which leads to uncleaved von Willebrand factor multimers causing microvascular thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, and hemolytic anemia with schistocyte formation. Disseminated intravascular coagulation results in prolonged prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time, thrombosis, and bleeding. Epstein-Barr virus infects mature B lymphocytes and causes heterophile antibody production and immunoglobulin M antibodies against horse and sheep red blood cells.

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    Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is caused by impaired ADAMTS13 protease, which leads to uncleaved von Willebrand factor multimers causing microvascular thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, and hemolytic anemia with schistocyte formation. Disseminated intravascular coagulation results in prolonged prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time, thrombosis, and bleeding. Epstein-Barr virus infects mature B lymphocytes and causes heterophile antibody production and immunoglobulin M antibodies against horse and sheep red blood cells.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    620 views3 pages

    Uworld Journal

    Uploaded by

    Jay
    Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is caused by impaired ADAMTS13 protease, which leads to uncleaved von Willebrand factor multimers causing microvascular thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, and hemolytic anemia with schistocyte formation. Disseminated intravascular coagulation results in prolonged prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time, thrombosis, and bleeding. Epstein-Barr virus infects mature B lymphocytes and causes heterophile antibody production and immunoglobulin M antibodies against horse and sheep red blood cells.

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    Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

    o Impaired ADAMTS13, vWF cleaving protease.


    o Uncleaved vWF multimers result in microvascular
    thrombosis.
    o Thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia with schistocyte
    formation occur.
    DIC
    o Prolonged PT, PTT
    o Thrombosis, bleeding.
    EBV
    o Mature B lymphocytes
    o Heterophile +
    o IGM antibodes, horse/sheep RBC
    Umbilical Hernia
    o Incomplete closure of the umbilical ring, allow bowel
    through abdomen.
    o Covered by skin
    o Reducibe buglge at the umbilicus with increase abdominal
    pressure
    o Associated with Downs
    o Resolve by itself
    Tonic clonic and absence seizure
    o Valproate is used here
    o Phenobarbital is used for tonic clonic only
    Gouty Arthiritis
    o We give them Xanthine oxidase inhibitors, which decrease
    uric acid production.
    o Prophylactic therapy is intiated.
    Cystic Fibrosis
    o Amino acid 508 base pair deletion causes impaired
    posttranslational processing(improper folding and
    glycosylation) of CFTR.
    o Abnormal protein is targetd for protasomal degradation,
    preventing it from reaching to cell surface.
    Mycobacterium TB
    o Streptomycin(amino glycoside) resistance
    o Works by inhibiting 30s subunit
    o Alter structure of bacterial ribosomal proteins
    IGA Nephropathy is MCC of GN.
    o Painless hematuria after URI.
    o Mesangial IgA deposit.
    Constrictive Pericarditis
    o Thickened pericardium

    o Limiting ventricular expansion during diastolic filling


    o Increase JVD, Kussmaul sign, pulsus paradoxus, pericardial
    knock.
    During exercise, increase CO2 production
    o Increased PCO2 of mixed enous blood
    o Hemeostatic mechanisms maintain arterial blood gas level
    Transmural inflammation
    o Edema and fibrosis
    o Interstinal lumen narrowing.
    o Causes ulcers, lead to fistula.
    Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate synthetase is responsible for
    production of activated ribose for de novo synthesis.
    o Mutation here will cause increased purine production
    o Result in hyperuricemia and gout.
    BPH
    o A1 antagonist work within days to weeks, work on dynamic
    component of bladder outlet obstruction
    o 5 Alpha Reductase Inhibitors(dutasteride, finasteride)
    inhibit conversion of testosterone to dihydro and address
    fixed component of bladder outlet obstruction. Reduce
    prostate volume.
    After a pancreatectomy, all enzymes are normally secreted.
    o D-xylose does not get affected by the enzymes because it
    is a monosaccharide.
    Calcium stones have hypercalciruia, but have normocalcemia
    due to intact regulation of serum calcium levels by vitamin D and
    PTH.
    VIPoma result in watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, achlorhydia
    syndrome.
    o Somatostatin inhibits release of VIP.
    Eye adduction is done by CN3, which enters through the Superior
    orbital fissure.
    o CN6, 4, superior ophthalmic vein also enter here.
    Stable angina, patient is given nitrates
    o Nitrates venodilate, decrease preload(decrease LV end
    diastolic volume and pressure), reduce afterload. Results in
    decreased Myocardial O2 demand, relieves angina
    symptoms.
    In Asthmatic patients, only leukotrienes and acetylcholine
    produce bronchospasm thats reeleived by pharmacologic
    agents.
    o Using montelukast or zafirlukast can control asthma by
    increasing airway caliber and reducing mucosal
    inflammation.

    o Inhaled ipratropium is the MM3 antimuscuranic.


    Carbon tetrachloride causes free radical injury.
    o Happens through lipid peroxidation.
    o Can culminate in hepatocyte necrosis.
    Gallbladder hypomotility
    o Gallbladder absorbs water from bile, hypomotility causes
    bile concentration, which promotes bile precipitation and
    accumulation of viscous biliary sludge that obstructs bile
    duct.
    o Sludge formation is aprecursor to stone formation.

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