Slick Tech Architecture Or High Tech

Architecture

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High-tech architecture, also known as Late Modernism or Structural

Expressionism, is an architectural style that emerged in the 1970s,
incorporating elements of high-tech industry and technology into building
design.
In the 1980s, high-tech architecture became more difficult to distinguish
from post-modern architecture. Many of its themes and ideas were
absorbed into the language of the post-modern architectural schools.

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Like Brutalism, Structural Expressionist buildings reveal their structure on

the outside as well as the inside, but with visual emphasis placed on the
internal steel and/or concrete skeletal structure as opposed to exterior
concrete walls.
High-tech buildings are often called machine-like. Steel, aluminum, and
glass combine with brightly colored braces, girders, and beams. Many of
the building parts are prefabricated in a factory and assembled later. The
support beams, duct work, and other functional elements are placed on the
exterior of the building, where they become the focus of attention. The
interior spaces are open and adaptable for many uses.

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CHARACTERSTICS OF HIGH TECH ARCHITECTURE

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1.
2.
3.

S T Y L E LO O K S F U N CTIO N AL
E X P E N S IV E S T R U C T U R E A N D S E RV I C E S
SUPPO RT F U N C TIO N A L V I RT U E S A N D P R E S E N T A S
NECESSITY
4. IN S I D E O U T
5 . T R A N SPA R E N C Y,L AY E R I N G A N D M OV E M E N T
6 . B R I G H T ,F L AT C O L O U R IN G
7 . A L I G H T W E I G H T F I L I G R E E O F T E N S IL E M E M B E R S
8 . E X P R E E S S T R U C T U R E A S O R N A M E N TA L O R D E R
9 . M AS S IV E S T R U C T U R A L E X P R E S S IO N I ST
1 0 . C L E A R L AY O U T A N D N AT U R A L L I G H T IN IN G
1 1 . C E L E B R AT I O N O F P R O C E S S

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1.INSIDE OUT
The Services & Structure Of A Building A re Almost A lways E xposed
O n The E xterior As A F orm O f O rnament O r Sculpture.

2.CELEBRATION OF PROCESS
With the emphasis on constructon logic how, why,& whatof the building its
joists,rivets ,flanges & ducts,there is an intellectual clarity which is pleasing
for the very soul.
The celebration of process often extends to things that are seen to work the
mechanical plant and travelling crane are as omnipresent as the pediment
& as the key stone are in classical architecture .

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3.TRANSPERANCY,LAYERING, & MOVEMENT

These three asthetic qualities almost without exception,extensive use

of transulant & transperent glass, a layering of ducts, stairs and
structure and the accentutaion of moving escalators and elevators
characterise the high-tech buiding.

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4. BRIGHT FLAT COLOURING

B right colours are in much the same way used as the eng. Different kinds
of Structures and services are distinguished and allowed them to be easily
understood and effectively used.

5. A LIGHT WEIGHT FILIGREE OF TENSILE MEMBERS

Lig ht weight material used for the ornamentation of the building like the
glass cover with steel frame.

6.OPMISTIC CONFIDENCE IN A SCIENTIFIC CULTURE:-

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This results more in a method of working and attitude towards material,

colours, and inventions than a compositional principle.

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ARCHITECTS

Sir Norman Foster

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Born:
June 1, 1935 in
Manchester, E ngland

I.M. Pei
Born: April 26, 1917

Nicholas Grimshaw

Sir Richard Rogers

Born: July 23, 1933 in
Florence, Italy

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INTRODUCTION
Pritzker Prize-winning B ritish architect N orman
F oster is famous for "High Tech" design that
explores technological shapes and ideas.

BORN
June 1, 1935 in Manchester, England

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EARLY LIFE OF FOSTER

B orn in a working class family, Norman F oster did not seem likely to
become a famous architect. Although he was a good student in high
school and showed an early interest in architecture, he did not enroll in
college until he was 21 years old.
F oster won numerous scholarships during his years at Manchester
University, including one to attend Yale University in the United States.

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EDUCATION
1)Manchester U niversity School of A rchitecture
2 ) Yale University

HIS PARTNERSHIP
A t the beginning of his career, F oster worked as a member of
the successful "Team 4" firm with his wife, Wendy F oster, and
the husband and wife team of R ichard R ogers and Sue R ogers.
His own firm, F oster A ssociates, was founded in L ondon in
1967.

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FOSTER AND ARCHITECTURE

F oster A ssociates became known for "High Tech" design that

explored technological shapes and ideas. In his work, Sir
Norman F oster often uses off-site manufactured parts and
the repetition of modular elements.

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FAMOUS WORK OF FOSTER

1970-74: W I L L I S FA B E R A N D D U M A S B U I L D IN G , I P SW I C H , U K
1977: SA IN S B U RY C E N T R E , N O R W I C H, U K
1979-86: H O N G KO N G A N D S H A N G H A I B A N K , H O N G K O N G
1987-1991: C E N T U RY TOW E R B U N K Y O -K U , TO K Y O , JA PA N
1987-1997: A M E R IC A N A IR M U S E U M , D U X F O R D , U K
1988-1995: M E T R O E N T R A N C E , B I L B A O , SPA IN
1989-1992: C R A N F I E L D U N IV E R S IT Y L I B R A RY , B E D F O R D S H I R E , U K
1990-1995: FA C U LT Y O F L AW ,U N I V E R S I T Y O F C A M BR I D G E , U K
1991-1993: LY C E A L B E R T C A M U S, F R J U S , F R A N C E
1991-97: C O M M ER Z B A N K , F R A N K F U R T, G E R M A N Y
1992-99: N E W G E R M A N PA R L I A M E N T, B E R L IN , G E R M A N Y
1995-2001: D A E W O O R E S E A R C H A N D D E V E L O P M E N T , S E O U L ,
SOU T H KOR E A
2008: T E R M IN A L T 3, B E IJIN G , C H I N A

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AWARDS AND HONERS

Sir norman foster has won numerous awards and honers, including
1999: Pritzker architecture prize
1997: A ppointed by the queen to the order of merit
1983: Riba royal gold medal

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LONDON CITY HALL,LONDON

Architect - Norman foster
Location - Southwark , london , england
Completed - 2002
Style - High-tech modren
Size: L ower ground level, Ground level, plus 9 stories
above. 185,000 S Q F T
City hall is the headquarters of the G R E AT E R L O N D O N
A U T H O R I T Y ( G L A ). It is located in southwark, on the
south bank of the river thames near tower bridge.

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It was designed by norman foster and opened in july 2002.

The G L A is located in an area needing the redevelopment,

and with such a location, the government was able to claim
their part in the regeneration process. The design of this
building is also one that provided a symbolic break from
the past.
Contrary to some believe, the London Authority doesnt
actually own the G L A .
THE ASSEMBLY CHAMBER HOUSES the 25 elected members
of the L ondon A ssembly as well as the offices of the mayor
and the staff of the Greater L ondon A uthority.

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FEATURES AND FLOOR PLANS:The building has an unusual, bulbous shape, intended
to reduce its surface area and thus improve energy
efficiency. It has been compared variously to Darth
Vader's helmet, a misshapen egg, a woodlouse and
a motorcycle helmet.

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UNDERGROUND

A t the top of the ten-story

buildingis an exhibition and
meeting space called "London's
Living R oom", with an open
viewing deck which is
occasionally open to the public.
The walkway provides views of
the interior of the building, and
is intended to symbolise
transparency.

1. Parking 2. Storage rooms 3. Physical plant 4. Outdoor

amphitheater 5. Cafe 6. Information desk 7. Kitchen 8.
Exhibition area 9. Committee room 10. Meeting room 11.
Media center 12. Reception 13. Assembly chamber 14. Public
viewing gallary 15. Library 16. Reading room 17. IT room 18.
Ofiice 19. Open - plan area 20. Terrace 21. London's Room

FIRST FL OOR

S IX T H L E V E L

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THE INTERIOR HELICAL

STAIRCASE

A 500-metre (1,640 ft) helical walkway, reminiscent

of that in New
York's Solomon R . Guggenheim Museum,
ascends the full height of the building.
A t the top of the ten-story building is an exhibition and
meeting space called "London's Living R oom", with an
open viewing deck which is occasionally open to the
public. The walkway provides views of the interior of
the building, and is intended to symbolise transparency.
ORIENTATION: To further improved the shape and
performance of this building the sphere shape was
skewed to more of an egg shape that leans South
blocking the direct sunlight with its own shape.

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ORIENTATION

SHADING

SHADING: The egg shape is in itself a strategy for

passive design. The South side of the building leans back
so the floor-plates step out over the windows below each
other providing shade for the naturally ventilated offices.

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S E C T IO N

AERIAL VIEW

N O R T H E L E VAT I O N

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E A S T E L E VAT I O N

W E ST E L E VAT I O N

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30 ST.MARY AXE

Type:- Office
Location:-St. Mary Axe,City of London
Construction:- 2001
Completed:- 2003
Roof:- 180 m
Floor Count:- 40
Floor Area:- 47950 sq.m
Architect:- Foster and Partners
Structural Engineer:- Arup
30 St Mary Axe (formerly the Swiss Re Building, informally
referred to as theGherkin) is a skyscraper in L ondon's
financial district, the City of london,stands on the former
site of the B altic E xchange building, which was severely
damaged on 10 April 1992 by the explosion of a bomb
placed by the Provisional I R A .
A fter the plans to build the Millenium Tower were dropped,
the current building was designed by Norman F oster and
A rup engineers, and was erected by Skanska in 20012003.
The tower's topmost panoramic dome, known as the
"lens", recalls the iconic glass dome which covered part
of the ground floor of the Baltic Exchange.

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F E AT U R E S
Constructed on a diagrid structure
Made of 5,500 glass panels
O nly piece of curved glass is the lens
R adial floor design with each floor is
rotated 5
Set of six atriums two to six stories high

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30 ST. M A RY A X E

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Tapers outward from the base and then

narrows.
Smaller footprint allows for a public plaza.
A erodynamic shape creates less
downdraft.
B uilding shape allows for natural light.

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V E N T I L AT I O N A N D L I G H T

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Differing air pressures and double skin

faade allow for natural ventilation
Solar blinds to reclaim or reject heat
Windows and blinds are computer
controlled
Lig ht level and motion sensor lights

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ENERGY USE:-

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Temperature can be controlled in several

separate zones on each floor
Windows open when external temperature is
between 20C and 26C and wind speed is less
than 10 mph
B uilding can potentially turn off mechanical
temperature system 40% of the year
Main energy source is gas
B uilding was supposed to consume 50% less
energy

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CENTURY TOWER, JAPAN

A rchitect: N orman F oster
Year: 1987 To 1991
L ocation: Bunkyo-ku-tokyo, Japan
Building Type: Commercial A nd Office Building.

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F or the first time in Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank,

century tower is not a corporate headquarters, but a
prestige office block with a wide range of services,
including a fitness center and a museum. The
program is very specific and gave great freedom with
respect to the image that the work would be needed
to meet the agenda of the functional requirements
and the strict rule that exists to build in central
Tokyo.

The building is located in Bunkyo-ku, in the heart of Tokyo, it occupies a

site subject to complex zoning regulations due to be at the heart of the city.
Mainly the building has two well-marked contrast, the urban and the
Riverine, on the north side the building looks against a highly
homogeneous compared completely urban only interrupted by the Hongo
Station Water Park.

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STRUCTURE AND MATERIALS

The building is founded on rollers that are designed to withstand an
earthquake correctly to
the steel structure is independent of using this
The main entrance is located
style of structural expressionism because at all
on the south side of the
building on A venue 405, on
times the structure is visible.
The exterior is solved with a curtain wall, while
the other side of this contrast
the predominant material inside the glass walls
look at the other building, a
waterway with a lot of value
and some ceilings, steel structure, the black
granite is used in places where it occurs the water in the city, the Kanda River
and wood is present in some doors and divisions.

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SPACES
The response to the project was the design of the tower in two blocks,
nineteen to twenty stories high, connected by a narrow atrium.
The outer shape of the blocks is defined by the eccentrically braced
frames, in response to the needs of earthquake engineering in a city where
earthquakes and typhoons are very real threats.
Inside the floors are double height spaces with mezzanines suspended
between them, allowing office space free of columns and enjoy natural
light and views.

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INTRODUCTION:R ichard G eorge R ogers, B aron R ogers of R iverside (born

23 July 1933) is a B ritish architect noted for his
modernist and functionalist designs. R ogers was born
in Florence in 1933 and attended the
A rchitectural A ssociation School of A rchitecture in
L ondon, before graduating with a masters degree from
the Yale School of A rchitecture in 1962. While studying at
Yale, R ogers met student Norman F oster and planning
student Su B rufellow architecture mwell.

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EARLY LIFE AND CARRER OF ROGER:-

R ogers was born in Florence in 1933 and attended the A rchitectural

A ssociation of A rchitecture in L ondon, before graduating with a masters
degree from theYale School of A rchitecture in 1962.While studying at Yale,
R ogers met fellow architecture student Norman F oster and planning
student Su B rumwell. O n returning to E ngland he, F oster and B rumwell
set up architectural practice as Team 4 with Wendy Cheeseman (B rumwell
later married R ogers, Cheeseman married F oster).Rogers and F oster
earned a reputation for what was later termed by the media high tech
architecture

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HIS FAMOUS WORKS:-

Lloyd's building, L ondon, U K (197884)

Fleetguard Manufacturing Plant, Q uimper ,F rance (19791981)
Inmos microprocessor factory ,N ewport ,Wales (19801982) [
PA Technology Centre, Princeton, New Jersey ,U SA (19821985)
O ld B illingsgate Market ,L ondon, U K (19851988)
Centre Commercial St. Herbain, Nantes ,F rance (19861987)
The Deckhouse, Thames R each, L ondon, U K (19861989)
Paternoster Square,L ondon, U K (1987)
45 R oyal A venue, L ondon, U K (1987)
R euters Data C entre, L ondon, U K (19871992)
Kabuki-cho Tower, Tokyo, Japan (19871993)
A ntwerp L aw Courts, B elgium (20002006)
88 Wood Street ,L ondon, U K (19901999)
Tower B ridge H ouse, L ondon, U K (19902005)
Daimler complex, Potsdamer Platz , B erlin (19931999)
Palais de J ustice de Bordeaux, B ordeaux ,F rance (19931999)
Montevetro, L ondon, U K (19942000)
Lloyd's R egister building, L ondon, U K (19951999)
Minami-Yamashiro Primary School, near K yoto ,Japan (19952003)
Millennium Dome, L ondon, U K (19961999)
B roadwick House, L ondon, U K (19962000)

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LLOYD'S BUILDING
A rchitect: R ichard R ogers
L ocation: 1 lime street, city of L ondon.
Date: 1978 to 1986
B uilding Type: O ffice B uilding.
A ntenna Spire: 93.1 m (312 ft)
R oof: 88m (289 ft)
Floor count: 14

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CREATORS WORD

"Buildings are not idiosyncratic private institutions: they give public

performances both to the user and the passerby. Thus the architect's
responsibility must go beyond the client's program and into the
broader public realm. Though the client's program offers the
architect a point of departure, it must be questioned, as the
architectural solution lies in the complex and often contradictory
interpretation of the needs of the individual, the institution, the
place and history. The recognition of history as a principle
constituent of the program and an ultimate model of legitimacy is a
radical addition to the theories of the Modern Movement."

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The lloyd's building (also sometimes known

as the inside-out building

S IT E P L A N

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FLO O R PLAN

The building was innovative in having its

services such as staircases, lifts, electrical
power conduits and water pipes on the
outside, leaving an uncluttered space inside.
The building consists of three main towers
and three service towers around a central,
rectangular space. Its focal point is the large
underwriting room on the ground floor,
which houses the famous lutine bell.
On the ground floor of the atrium sits the
L u tine B ell, salvaged from the F rench frigate
L a L u tine which surrendered to the B ritish in
1793. The bell is rung once for good news
and twice for bad, and the expansive atrium
carries the sound to everyone in the building.

The underwriting room is overlooked by galleries, forming a

60 metres (197 ft) high atrium lit naturally through a
huge barrel-vaulted glass roof.

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The services of the building are exposed.
The external wall is claded with sparkel glass and
deep mullions the holes cut the mullions not only
reduce the weight; they also increase the amount
of light reaching the faade.

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The first four galleries open onto the atrium space, and
are connected by escalators through the middle of the
structure. The higher floors are glassed-in, and can only
be reached via the outside lifts.

T H E E X P O S E D S E RV I C E S O F
T H E B U IL D I N G
I N N E R V IE W

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A t the heart of the building is a huge atrium,
14 floors and 76 meters (249 feet) tall.
T he total possible underwriting area is
19,000 square metres.

The building's height rises from seven

storeys on the south elevation through a
series of terraces to its full height on the
north side.

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SECTION T H RO U G H T H E
B U IL D I N G

33,510 cubic metres of concrete were

used in the building's construction, as
were 12,000 square metres of glass,
30,000 square metres of stainless steel
cladding, 5,000 square metres of
anodised aluminium frame and 2,000
square metres of painted steel.
E L E VAT I O N

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INTRODUCTION:Sir Nicholas Grimshaw, (born 9 O ctober 1939) is a

prominent E nglish architect particularly noted for
several modernist buildings, including L ondon's Water
L oo International Project and the E den
Project in Cornwall. In late 2004, He was elected
President of the R oyal A cademy
B orn in Hove, E ast Sussex, G rimshaw inherited an
interest in engineering .He is also reputed to have
displayed an early interest in construction; his
boyhood interests included Meccano building tree
houses and boats.

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EARLY LIFE AND EDUCATION OF ROGER:-

He was educated at Wellington College. F rom 1959 to 1962, he

studied at the E dinburgh College of A rchitecture before winning a
scholarship to attend the A rchitectural A ssociation in L ondon,
where he won further scholarships to travel to Sweden in 1963 and
the U nited States in 1964. He graduated from the A A in 1965 with
an honours diploma, and having entered into a partnership with
Terry Farrell, he joined the R oyal Institute of A rchitects two years
later in 1967.

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LORDS CRICKET GROUND

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ARCHITECT - N icholas grimshaw

LOCATION - St john's wood, london
ESTABLISHED - 1814
STYLE - High-tech modren

L ord's C ricket G round (generally

known as L ord's) is a cricket
venue in St John's Wood, L ondon.
L ord's is widely referred to as the
"home of cricket" and is home to the
world's oldest sporting museum.
L ord's today is not on its original site,
being the third of three grounds that
L ord established between 1787 and
1814. His first ground, now referred to
as L ord's O ld Ground, His second
ground, L ord's Middle G round, was
used from 1811 to 1813 The present
L ord's ground is about 250 yards
(230 m) north-west of the site of the
Middle G round.

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The ground can currently hold

up to 32,000 spectators. The two
ends of the pitch are the Pavilion
E nd (south-west), where the
main members' Pavilion is
located, and the N ursery E nd
(north-east), dominated by the
Media Centre.

The Pavilion also contains

the dressing rooms where players
change, each of which has a small
balcony for players to watch the
play. In each of the two main
dressing rooms are honours boards
which commemorate all the
centuries scored in Test matches on
the Lords ground and all instances
of a bowler's taking five wickets in a
Test innings and ten wickets in a
Test match.

T OP V IE W

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T he Pavilion also contains the dressing rooms where players change, each
of which has a small balcony for players to watch the play. In each of the
two main dressing rooms are honours boards which commemorate all the
centuries scored in Test matches on the Lords ground and all instances of
a bowler's taking five wickets in a Test innings and ten wickets in a Test
match.

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B orn:-

April 26, 1917 (age 94)

Canton (Guangzhou), China
Nationality:- Am erican
Alma mater :- Massachusetts Institute of
Technology
Ieoh Ming Pei (born April 26, 1917), commonly known as I. M.
Pei, is an Chinese architect, often called a master of modern
architect Born in Canton,China and raised in Hong Kong
and Shanghai, Pei drew inspiration at an early age from the
gardens at Suzhou. In 1935 he moved to the United States and
enrolled in the University of Pennsylvania's architecture school,
but quickly transferred to the M.I.T. He was unhappy with the
focus at both schools on Beaux Arts School, and spent his free
time researching the emerging architects, especially Le Corbusier.

I.M .PI E

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EARLY LIFE AND CARRER OF PIE:-

As Pei neared the end of his secondary education, he decided to study at an overseas
university. He was accepted to a number of schools, but decided to enroll at the .Pei's
choice had two roots. While studying in Shanghai, he had closely examined the
catalogs for various institutions of higher learning around the world. The architectural
program at the University of Pennsylvania stood out to him.

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AWARDS:R oyal G old Medal

A IA G old Medal
Presidential Medal of F reedom
Pritzker A ward

STYLE:Pei's style is described as thoroughly modernist, with

significant cubist themes.He is known for combining
traditional architectural elements with progressive
designs based on simple geometric patterns. As one
critic writes: "Pei has been aptly described as
combining a classical sense of form with a
contemporary mastery of method.

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FAMOUS BUILDING:-

John K Kennedy Library

National Gallery of Art
Louvre Pyramid, Paris
Bank of China Tower, Hong Kong
Museum of Islamic art,Doha

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LOUVRE PYRAMID
A rchitect: I.M.Pei
L ocation: Paris
Date: Completed In 1989
Building Type: Museum
Construction System: Steel F rame, G lass
Curtain Walls.
The louvre pyramid is a large glass and metal pyramid, surrounded by three
smaller pyramids.
The large pyramid serves as the main entrance to the L ouvre museum has
become the landmark in the city Paris.

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The structure, which was constructed entirely with glass segments, reaches a
height of 20.6 metres (about 70 feet); its square base has sides of 35 metres
(115 ft). It consists of 603 rhombus-shaped and 70 triangular glass
segments.