GLAGOLSKA VREMENA ENGLESKOG

JEZIKA
THE PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE (RADNJA ILI STANJE UOBIAJENO U SADANJOSTI)
KORISTI SE - uobiajene radnje, ope izjave i istine kao i injenice, fiksni raspored koji ne ovisi o naoj volji,
stanje uma, nauke (often, always, never, sometimes, after, rarely, usually, every year, every month, every
week, every hour)
TVORBA - u potvrdnom obliku glavni glagol u treem licu jednine ima nastavak S, a na s, sh, ch, x, o i z
dodaje se nastavak ES, glagoli koji zavravaju na y mijenjaju y u I, i takoer se dodaje nastavak ES,
ostali oblici tvore se uz pomo glagola TO DO koji u prezentu glasi DO ili DOES, dok glavni glagol
ostaje u infinitivu bez TO
- postoji iznimka gdje glagol HAVE u treem licu
prelazi u HAS
Potvrdan oblik:
I
work
You
work
He/she/it
works
We
work
You
work
They
work

Negativan oblik:
I do not (dont)
You do not (dont)
He/she/it does not (doesnt)
We do not (dont)
You do not (don/t)
They do not (dont)

work
work
work
work
work
work

Upitan oblik:
Do I
Do you
Does he/she/it
Do we
Do you
Do they

work?
work?
work?
work?
work?
work?

Negativno upitan oblik:

Do I not (dont)
Do you not (don/t)
Does he/she/it not (doesnt)
Do we not (dont)
Do you not (dont)
Do they not (don)

work?
work?
work?
work?
work?
work?

Primjeri:
- I like tea.
- She goes to school by bus.
- John always goes to school
by bus.
- Does he live in Rijeka?
- Do you like pop music?

THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE (PRAVA SADANJOST)

KORISTI SE - radnje u trenutku govorenja, tj. prava sadanjost, koristi se za izraavanje radnje oko sada, tj
privremeno, dogovori za budunost koji su dio naeg trenutnog programa i ovise o naoj volji, s always
i constantly za esto ponavljanu radnju kada uestalost ivcira govornika ili mu se ini da nije razumna
(now, at the moment, this summer, currently)
TVORBA - tvori se od prezenta pomonog glagola to be koji glasi AM/IS/ARE + glavni glagol s nastavkom
ING (tj. present participle - ING)
Potvrdan oblik:
I am
You are
He/she/it is
We are
You are
They are

working
working
working
working
working
working

Negativan oblik:
I am not
You are not
He/she/it is not
We are not
You are not
They are not

working
working
working
working
working
working

Upitan oblik:
Am I
Are you
Is he/she/it
Are we
Are you
Are they

working?
working?
working?
working?
working?
working?

Negativno upitan oblik:

Am I not
working?
Are you not
working?
Is he/she/it not
working?
Are we not
working?
Are you not
working?
Are they not
working?

Primjeri:
- Are you watching tv?
- John is going to school (now).
- The wind is blowing.
- He is meeting me at the station at 7.
- He is translating a novel by William F.
- He is always asking questions.

THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE (PROLOST KOJA NEMA NIKAKVE DODIRNE TOKE SA SADANJIM
TRENUTKOM, RADNJA ILI PERIOD SE ZAVRIO)
KORISTI SE - radnje zavrene u prosloti u odreenom vremenu, nemaju nikakve dodirne toke sa sadanjim
trenutkom, stoga ga koristimo za prole radnje kada imamo zadano vrijeme ili pitamo za vrijeme u
prolosti, nekada vrijeme nije zadano ali ga znamo iz konteksta (yesterday, two days ago, last week,
month year, in April)
- koristimo za radnju ije vrijeme nije dano ali koja je trajala u vremenskom periodu koji je sada zavren ili
se dogodila u trenutku perioda koji je sada zavren
- koristi se takoer da bi se izrazila prola navika (uobiajena radnja)
TVORBA - kod pravilnih glagola dodaje se nastavak ED na infinitiv u potvrdnom obliku, a kod nepravilnih
glagola 2. STUPAC mora se nauiti napamet
- da bi tvorili nijeni i upitni oblik moramo koristiti pomoni glagol TO DO u svom obliku za prolost koji
glasi DID, dok je glavni glagol u infinitivu bez to
Potvrdan oblik:
I
worked
You
worked
He/she/it
worked
We
worked
You
worked
They
worked

Negativan oblik:
I did not
You did not
He/she/it did not
We did not
You did not
They did not

work
work
work
work
work
work

Upitan oblik.
Did I
Did you
Did he/she/it
Did we
Did you
Did they

work?
work?
work?
work?
work?
work?

Negativno upitan oblik:

Did I not
work?
Did you not
work?
Did he/she/it not
work?
Did we not
work?
Did you not
work?
Did they not
work?

Primjeri:
- Did you visit Egypt two years ago?
- I went to Greece last summer.
- There was a strong wind on the Channel yesterday.
- They met in Paris.
- I thought he was an Englishman.
- Yesterday I played cards with my friends.

THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE (PROLA RADNJA KOJA NIJE BILA ZAVRENA KADA SE DRUGA
RADNJA DOGODILA)
KORISTI SE - oznaava radnju koja je poela u prolosti, bila u tijeku neko vrijeme i nije bila svrena kada se
druga radnja dogodila, znai u radnju koja je bila u tijeku uletjela je kraa radnja, tj. radnje su makar na
trenutak bile istovremene, trenutak osim kratkom, tj. trenutnom, radnjom moe biti definiran i preciznim
vremenom (npr. at 5 oclock yesterday)
- ako su dvije radnje u tijeku istovremeno obje se izrazavaju Past continious tensom
TVORBA - tvori se od proslog vremena glagola TO BE koje glasi WAS/WERE + glavni glagol s nastavkom
ING (tj. present participle - ING)
Potvrdan oblik:
I was
You were
He/she/it was
We were
You were
They were

working
working
working
working
working
working

Negativan oblik:
I was not
You were not
He/she/it was not
We were not
You were not
They were not

working
working
working
working
working
working

Upitan oblik:
Was I
Were you
Was he/she/it
Were we
Were you
Were they

working?
working?
working?
working?
working?
working?

Negativno upitan oblik:

Was I not
working?
Were you not
working?
Was he/she/it not
working?
Were we not
working?
Were you not
working?
Were they not
working?

Primjeri:
- Was he driving his car?
- I was watching TV when he entered.
- I was yust having lunch when he rushed
into the room.
- While it was raining he was sitting in a
cafe.

THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE TENSE (RADNJA, STANJE ILI PERIOD POEO U PROLOSTI I
NASTAVLJA SE DO TRENUTKA GOVORENJA)
KORISTI SE - radnja ili stanje poelo u prolosti i nastavlja se do trenutka govorenja, on se takoer odnosi
na period koji je poeo u prolosti i nastavlja se do trenutka govorenja
- izraavamo prolu svrenu radnju ije se posljedice ili rezultati osjete ili vide u sadanjem trenutku,
da nas zanima vrijeme kada se radnja dogodila koristili bi Past Tense, ali poto nas ono ne zanima nego
nas zanimaju rezultati, tj. posljedice te prole radnje koristimo Present Perfect
- moe se koristiti uz sve prilone oznake vremena koje ukljuuju sadanji trenutak (today, this week, this
year, ever, never, since, not yet, already, just itd.)
- izricanje novosti
TVORBA - tvori se uz pomo prezenta pomonog glagola to have koji glasi HAVE ili HAS + nastavak ED
na pravilne glagole ili 3. STUPAC nepravilnih glagola (tj. past participle)
Potvrdan oblik:
I have
You have
He/she/it has
We have
You have
They have

worked
worked
worked
worked
worked
worked

Negativan oblik:
I have not
You have not
He/she/it has not
We have not
You have not
They have not

worked
worked
worked
worked
worked
worked

Upitan oblik:
Have I
Have you
Has he/she/it
Have we
Have you
Have they

worked?
worked?
worked?
worked?
worked?
worked?

Negativno upitan oblik:

Have I not
worked?
Have you not
worked?
Has he/she/it not
worked?
Have we not
worked?
Have you not
worked?
Have they not
worked?

Primjeri:
- Has he arrived?
- He's been teacher for ten years.
- I haven't seen him since Monday.
- He's been to China.
- They've seen this film.
- I've lost my watch. (I can't find it.)

THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (RADNJA POELA U PROLOSTI I JO UVIJEK JE

U TIJEKU, ILI JE DOSLOVNO SAD, OVAJ TRENUTAK ZAVRILA)
KORISTI SE
- koristi se za radnju koja je poela u prolosti, jo uvijek je u tijeku, ili je doslovno sad, ovaj
trenutak zavrila, i vjerojatno e trajati u budunosti
za radnju koja je upravo svrila, doslovno ovaj tren
- postoji grupa glagola kod koje je svejedno da li koristimo present perfect continious ili simple (live,
expect, wait, learn, study, tech, work, lie look, rain, snow, sleep, sit, stand, stay, want, hope)
TVORBA - Present perfect glagola TO BE (HAVE BEEN or HAS BEEN) + nastavak ING (tj. present
participle ING)
Potvrdan oblik:
I have been
You have been
He/she/it has been

We have beem
You have been
They have been

working
working
working
working
working
working

Negativan oblik:
I have not been
You have not been
He/she/it has not been
We were not been
You were not been
They were not been

working
working
working
working
working
working

Upitan oblik:
Have I been
Have you been
Has he/she/it been
Have we been
Have you been
Have they been

working?
working?
working?
working?
working?
working?

Negativno upitan oblik:

Have I not been
Have you not been
Has he/she/it not been
Have we not been
Have you not been
Have they not been

working?
working?
working?
working?
working?
working?

Primjeri:
- Has he been studying?
- I have been reading.
- Our son has been reading
Oliver Twist for two hours.
- He has been traweling for
three months.

THE PAST PERFECT SIMPLE TENSE (PROLA RADNJA KOJA JE BILA ZAVRNA PRIJE NO TO
JE DRUGA PROLA RADNJA POELA)
KORISTI SE - oznaava prolu radnju koja je bila zavrena prije no to je druga
prola radnja zapoela (before, after, as soon as) TVORBA - SUBJECT + HAD
+ nastavak ED na pravilne glagole ili 3. STUPAC nepravilnih glagola (tj. past
participle)
Potvrdan oblik:
I had
You had
He/she/it had
We had
You had
They had

asked
asked
asked
asked
asked
asked

Negativan oblik:
I had not
You had not
He/she/it had not
We had not
You had not
They had not

asked
asked
asked
asked
asked
asked

Upitan oblik:
Had I
Had you
Had he/she/it
Had we
Had you
Had they

asked?
asked?
asked?
asked?
asked?
asked?

Negativno upitan oblik:

Had I not
asked?
Had you not
asked?
Had he/she/it not
asked?
Had we not
asked?
Had you not
asked?
Had they not
asked?

Primjeri:
- I had finished my work when you arriwed.
- She had forgotten.
- She suddenly found that she had lost her camera.
- After we had reached the top we began to feel tired.
- I was told that our team had lost the game.
- When Carol arrived I had (already) finished my homework.

THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (PROLA RADNJA KOJA JE BILA U TIJEKU NEKO
VRIJEME PRIJE NEKE DRUGE PROLE RADNJE)
KORISTI SE - izrie prolu radnju koja je bila u tijeku
neko vrijeme prije neke druge prole radnje
TVORBA - SUBJECT + HAD + BEEN + nastavak
ING (tj. present participle ING)
Potvrdan oblik:
I had been
You had been
He/she/it had been
We had been
You had been
They had been

playing
playing
playing
playing
playing
playing

Negativan oblik:
I had not been
You had not been
He/she/it had not been
We had not been
You had not been
They had not been

playing
playing
playing
playing
playing
playing

Upitan oblik:
Had I been
Had you been
Had he/she/it been
Had we been
Had you been
Had they been

playing?
playing
playing?
playing?
playing?
playing?

Negativno upitan oblik:

Had I not been
Had you not been
Had he/she/it been
Had we not been
Had you not been
Had they not been

playing?
playing?
playing?
playing?
playing?
playing?

Primjeri:
- We had been playing for an
hour when you came.
- He talked about the novel he
had been writing.
- I knew thet he had been
working all night

POZOR!

Iza modalnih glagola slijedi infinitiv bez 'to' (tj. osnovni oblik
pravilnih glagola ili 1. stupac nepravilnih glagola) Modalni
glagoli: will, would, can, could, may, might, shall, should, must,
have to,

Postoje glagoli iza kojih ne dolazi nastavak ING (tj. continious)

To su:
Mentalna i emocionalna stanja: believe, doubt, feel ( = have an opinion),
imagine, know, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, realise, recognize, remember, see
(= understand), suppose, think (=have an opinion), understand, want, and wish
Koritenje osjetila: appear, hear , look (= seem), see, seem, smell, sound, taste
Komunikacija i uzrokujue reakcije: agree, astonish, deny, disagree, impress, mean, please,
promise, satisfy, surprise
Ostalo: be, belong, concern, consist, contain, depend, deserve, fit, include, incolve, lack, matter,
measure (= have length), need, own, possess, weight (= have weight)

Postoje glagoli iza kojih dolazi nastavak ING (tj. continuous), tj. glagoli koji vuu continuous
To su: stop, delay, fancy, consider, admit, miss, involve, finish,
postpone, imagine, avoid, deny, risk, practice Isto tako to su:
give up, put off, carry on, keep or keep on

SHALL/WILL FUTURE (FUTURE SIMPLE) (ODLUUJEMO U TRENUTKU GOVORENJA ILI

NAGAAMO TO BI SE MOGLO DOGODITI)
KORISTI SE
- WILL: - koristimo ga kada odluujemo neto napraviti u trenutku
govorenja, govornik nije odluio prije
- koristimo ga kada nagaamo to e se dogoditi, to nije predvianje na
temelju injenica, to je ono sto mi mislimo da bi se moglo dogoditi
-

SHALL: - u formalnom obraanju (poslovna pisma) jo se uvijek upotrebljava za 1. l.

jednine i mnoine u SHALL, u govornom jeziku upotrebljava se skraenica ll, u
upitnom obliku SHALL je obvezan u 1. l. jednine i mnoine ako izriemo ponudu: Shall
I help you? Shall we go out?

TVORBA - SUBJECT + WILL + INFINITIV BEZ 'TO'

Potvrdan oblik:
I will (ll)
You will (ll)
he/she/it will (ll)
We will (ll)
You will (ll)
They will (ll)

play
play
play
play
play
play

Negativan oblik:
I will not (wont)
You will not (wont)
He/she/it will not (wont)
We will not (wont)
You will not (wont)
They will not (wont)

Upitan oblik:
Will I
Will you
Will he/she/it
Will we
Will you
Will they

play
play
play
play
play
play

Negativno upitan oblik:

Will I not
play?
Will you not
play?
Will he/she/it not
play?
Will we not
play?
Will you not
play?
Will they not
play?

play?
play?
play?
play?
play?
play?

Primjeri:
- Will they come on time.
- In future computers will do all the work.
- The telephone is ringing. I'll answer it.
- In ten years Zagreb will have one million
inhabitants.
- I will help him because he needs my help.

GOING TO FUTURE (ODLUUJEMO PRIJE TRENUTKA GOVORENJA ILI PREDVIAMO PO

SADANJOJ SITUACIJI, TJ. INJENICAMA)
KORISTI SE - GOING TO:
- koristimo ga kada smo odluili napraviti neto prije trenutka govorenja, govornik sada
saopava odluku koju je donio prije
- koristimo za predvianja zasnovana na sadanjoj situaciji, tj. injenicama
TVORBA - SUBJECT + VERB TO BE + GOING + OSNOVNI OBLIK pravilnih glagola ili 1. STUPAC
nepravilnih glagola (tj. infinitiv)
Potvrdan oblik:
I am (m) going to
You are (re) going to
he/she/it is (s) going to
We are (re) going to
You are (re) going to
They are (re)going to

play
play
play
play
play
play

Negativan oblik:
I am not going to
You are not going to
He/she/it is going to
We are not going to
You are not going to
They are not going to

Upitan oblik:
Am I going to
Are you going to
Is he/she/it going to
Are we going to
Are you going to
Are they going to

play
play
play
play
play
play

play?
play?
play?
play?
play?
play?

Negativno upitan oblik:

Am I not going to
Are you not going to
Is he/she/it not going to
Are we not going to
Are you not going to
Are they not going to

play?
play?
play?
play?
play?
play?

Primjeri:
- Is he going to stay?
- He is going to buy a new car.
- Look at the sunset. I t is going to
be a lovely day tomorrow.
- I am going to the cinema.
(umjesto: I am going to go)

FUTURE CONTINUOUS (RADNJA KOJA E BITI U TIJEKU U ODREENOM TRENUTKU U

BUDUNOSTI)
KORISTI SE - za radnju koja e biti u tijeku u odreenom trenutku u budunosti
TVORBA - SUBJECT + WILL + BE + nastavak ING (tj. particip glagola koji mijenjamo ING)
Potvrdan oblik:
I will be
You will be
He/she/it will be
We will be
You will be
They will be

working
working
working
working
working
working

Negativan oblik:
I will not be
You will not be
He/she/it will not be
We will not be
You will not be
They will not be

working
working
working
working
working
working

Upitan oblik:
Will I be
Will you be
Will he/she/it be
Will we be
Will you be
Will they be

working?
working?
working?
working?
working?
working?

Negativno upitan oblik:

Will I not be
Will you not be
Will he/she/it not be
Will we not be
Will you not be
Will they not be

working?
working?
working?
working?
working?
working?

Primjeri:
- I will be reading.
- He will be playing in our
team next Sunday.
- If you ring me up at seven will
o'clock I wont answer because I
will be sleeping.

FUTURE PERFECT (RADNJA KOJA E SE ZAVRITI NE KASNIJE OD ODREENOG TRENUTKA U

BUDUNOSTI)
KORISTI SE - za radnju koja e se zavriti ne kasnije (by) od odreenog trenutka u budunosti
TVORBA - SUBJECT + WILL + HAVE + nastavak - ED na pravilne glagole ili 3. STUPAC nepravilnih glagola (tj.
past participle)
Potvrdan oblik:
I will have
You will have
He/she/it will have
We will have
You will have
They will have

worked
worked
worked
worked
worked
worked

Negativan oblik:
I will not have
You will not have
He/she/it will not have
We will not have
You will not have
They will not have

worked
worked
worked
worked
worked
worked

Upitan oblik:
Have I will
Have you will
Have he/she/it will
Have we will
Have you will
Have they will

worked?
worked?
worked?
worked?
worked?
worked?

Negativno upitan oblik:

Have I will not
Have you will not
Has he/she/it will not
Have we will not
Have you will not
Have they will not

worked?
worked?
worked?
worked?
worked?
worked?

Primjeri:
- He will have sold all the
tickets by Saturday.
- Before the end of the holiday
he will have spent all the
money.

FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS (DO ODREENOG TRENUTKA U BUDUNOSTI DIO RADNJE

BITI E ZAVREN I AKTIVNOST SE NASTAVLJA)
KORISTI SE - do odreenog trenutka u budunosti dio radnje biti e zavren i aktivnost se
nastavlja, npr.: Do kraja mjeseca on e ovdje ivjeti deset godina, i nastavit e ivjeti tu.
TVORBA - SUBJECT + WILL + HAVE + BEEN + glavni glagol s nastavkom ING (tj. present
participle)
Potvrdan oblik:
I will have been
You will have been
He/she/it have been
We will have been
You will have been
They have been

working
working
working
working
working
working

Negativan oblik:
I will not have been
You will not have been
He/she/it will not have been

We will not have been

You will not have been
They will not have been

working
working
working
working
working
working

Upitan oblik:
Have I will been
Have you will been
Have he/she/it will been

Have we will been

Have you will been
Have they will been

working?
working?
working?
working?
working?
working?

Negativno upitan oblik:

Have I will not been
Have you will not been
Has he/she/it will not been

Have we will not been

Have you will not been
Have they will not been

working?
working?
working?
working?
working?
working?

Primjeri:

- By the end of the month

he will have been living
here for ten years.
-By the end of the month he will
have been training climbing
mountains for twenty years.