1-Review of Functions

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Review of Func

ctions
Types
T
of
o Logariithms
Altho
ough a loga
arithm may
y be defined
d with any base,
b
the lo
ogs most oft
ften encoun
ntered are the
loga
arithm to the
e base 10 which
w
is called the com
mmon logarrithm

and the logarith


hm to the base e which is called the
t natural logarithm.

Exponentials
s and Na
atural Lo
ogs
Som
metimes the
e quantity which
w
is to be
b solved fo
or in an equ
uation is in a
an exponen
ntial functio
on

The solution ca
an be found
d by taking the natural logarithm o
of both side
es of the eq
quation.

so th
hat

Common Logarith
L
hms: Bas
se 10
"common
n logarithm"".
On a calc
culator it is the "log" bu
utton.
It is how many times you need
n
to use
e 10 in a multiplication
n, to get the
e desired nu
umber.
Example: log(1
1000) = log
g10(1000) = 3

Nattural Lo
ogarithm
ms: Base
e "e"
e (E
Euler's Number) is approximately 2.71828.
"natural lo
ogarithm".
On a calc
culator it is the "ln" buttton.

n
to use
e "e" in a multiplication
m
n, to get the
e desired number.
It is how many times you need
Example: ln(7.389) = loge(7.389) 2
Beca
ause 2.718
8282 7.389
9

Neg
gative Logarith
L
ms
A ne
egative loga
arithm means how ma
any times to
o divide byy the numbe
er.
We could have
e just one diivide:
Example: Whatt is log8(0.125) ... ?
s log8(0.12
25) = -1
1 8 = 0.125, so
Or m
many divide
es:
Example: Whatt is log5(0.0
008) ... ?
1 5 5 5 = 5-3, so log5(0.008) = -3

Atttenuatio
on

Rad
dioactiv
vity

Trig
gonometrry
Rig
ght Angled Trianglle

Ad
djacent is adjacent
a
to the angle "",
Op
pposite is opposite
o
the
e angle, and
the
e longest side is the Hypotenuse
e.

"Sin
ne, Cosine and Tange
ent"
The three mostt common functions
f
in trigonometry are Sin
ne, Cosine and Tange
ent.
For any angle "":
"
Siine Function:

s
sin() = Op
pposite / Hy
ypotenuse
e

Co
osine Func
ction:

c
cos() = Ad
djacent / H
Hypotenuse
e

Ta
angent Fun
nction:

ttan() = Op
pposite / Adjacent

Example: Wha
at is the sin
ne of 35?

ng this trian
ngle (lengths are only to
t one decimal place)::
Usin
sin(3
35) = Oppo
osite / Hypo
otenuse = 2.8/4.9
2
= 0..57...

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