Philippine: Dr. William D. Dar

Philippine
Dr. WILLIAM D. DAR
for a
President, InangLupa Movement
Paper presented during the 19th PSSST Annual Meeting and Scientific Conference
held on 18-20 April 2016 at Legazpi City, Albay
Global Mega Challenges
Sustainable Intensification is Key

Components
Developing markets
Building social capital
Creating sustainable
livelihood
Understanding barriers
Enabling environment
Cropping (farming) systems

Improved soil and water
management
Integrated nutrient management
Diversified systems
Efficient agricultural practices
Higher yield
Resilient to pests and
diseases
Resilient to climate
change
Improving nutrition
Soil Health
Also referred to as soil quality
Defined as the continued capacity of soil to function as a vital
living ecosystem that sustains plants, animals, and humans
Soil contains living organisms that provide
the basic necessities of life: food, shelter,
and water
We Depend on Soils
Healthy soils is the basis
for healthy food
production.
Soils is the foundation for vegetation

which is cultivated or managed for
feed, fiber, fuel, and medicinal
products.
Soils supports our

planets biodiversity and
they host a quarter of
the total.
Soils helps to combat and adapt to

climate change by playing a key role
in the carbon cycle.
Soils stores and filters

water improving our
resilience to floods and
droughts.
Soils is a non-renewable resource, its

preservation is essential for food
security and our sustainable future.
Status of Philippine Soils
(BSWM Land Degradation Assessment 2013)

Declining fertility of rice growing areas
especially in lowland areas
Increasing soil erosion for upland
agricultural areas
Rapid conversion of agricultural areas to
residential; and other land types to
various land uses
Increasing water pollution that is in turn a
major land degradation concern
Land Degradation
Pervasive problem in the countrys farmlands
Played a role in the slowdown of productivity growth in agriculture
CY 1900: 21 M ha (70% of land area)

CY 2005: 7 M ha (23% of land area)
Source: DENR, 2005
70% of the
countrys land area
initially responsible for the degradation of

primary to secondary forests and grasslands
Reduction of forest vegetation
Loss of bio-productive functions
State of
Decline of surface water

quality (pollution)
LAND
Degradation
Extreme climatic events
Increased incidence of
pests and diseases
Soil Health Assessment:

Bhoochetana
(Soil Rejuvenation)
Transition to land health
Uses soil health assessment as
an entry point to plan sciencebased interventions that can
lead to tangible benefits for
farmers through convergence of
sustainable technologies for
increasing productivity of farm
households with an effective
integrated watershed
management approach.
as an
Entry Point
Monitor the
outcome
Assess the
symptoms
Treat the
problem
Diagnose the
causes
Source: ICRISAT
Case in India:
Bhoochetan
(Soil Rejuvenation)
is a mission mode project of ICRISAT

that harness science for sustainable
use of natural resources among
farmers and increase rainfed crop
yields by 20%.
Increased crop yield by 20-66%
Covered 3.1M ha and benefitted 4.4M families
Contributed to rise in agriculture growth:
above 5% annually since 2009
Benefit-cost ratio: 3-14:1
Accrued net benefit in 4 years: $ 240M
Source: ICRISAT
Bhoochetana: An Upscaling Model
Source: ICRISAT
Narrowing the yield gaps

Percentage of farmers fields deficient in soil nutrients in different states of India
State
No. of
farmers
fields
Org.C
%
Av.P
ppm
K
ppm
S
ppm
B
ppm
Zn
ppm
Andhra Pradesh
1927
84
39
12
87
88
81
Karnataka
1260
58
49
18
85
76
72
73
86
96
65
93
179
22
40
64
43
24
82
12
60
10
46
100
82
119
57
51
24
71
89
61
28
11
21
96
100
18
Madhya
Pradesh
Rajasthan
Gujarat
Tamilnadu
Kerala
SAT Soils
are not only
thirsty but
also hungry!
Source: ICRISAT
Bhoochetana Achievements
Saved their soils. To
avoid soil erosion, farmers
did contour planting, green
manuring, broad-bed and
furrow planting.
Saved water. Farmers did
conservation furrows and
added to the soil organic
materials, which led to better
conservation of water.
Saved the environment.

Farmers use biocontrol
agents, not pesticides that
pollute the environment.
Saved on fertilizers.
Instead of following blanket
recommendations, farmers
tested their soils for lack of
nutrients.
Saved good seeds. ICRISAT gave

farmers high-yielding and droughtresistant new/improved varieties of
chickpea, peanut, pearl millet, pigeon
pea, and sweet sorghum.
Source: ICRISAT
Case in the Philippines:
Yamang Lupa Program
is the Philippine adaptation of the Bhoochetana concept.

It has 3 pilot regions 9,327.3 ha (as of November 2015)
Quezon (Luzon)
Samar (Visayas)
Zamboanga Sibugay (Mindanao)
Soil
Health
Cards:
A prescription for our sick soils
YLP Entry Point
Assessing the soil health status
using the stratified soil sampling.
Preparing a GIS-based soil
fertility status maps.
Developing the Soil Health
Cards with specific nutrient
management recommendations.
Developed and distributed
Soil Health Cards
covering 9,327.3 ha
Mean Results of Field Demonstration

REGION
4A
REGION
Crop
Rice
Tomato
Ampalaya
String bean
Onion
Average Yield (t/ha)

Farmers Practice
YLP Demo Farm
4.40
4.62
5.00
8.175
5.75
7.00
7.85
8.36
11.60
25.00
% Difference
4.88
48.20
19.61
6.29
73.22
(as of November 2015)
Crop
Upland Rice
Lowland Rice
Peanut
Okra
Corn

Farmers Practice
YLP Demo Farm
4.40
5.95
7.00
8.75
3.31
6.75
3.05
5.45
3.32
4.60
% Difference
29.95
22.22
68.39
56.47
32.32
(as of November 2015)
Mean Results of Field Demonstration

Crop
REGION
Ampalaya
Peanut
Lowland rice (NSIC 298)
Sweet potato
Sweet corn
Cassava
Squash
Hot pepper
Upland rice
Yellow corn
Watermelon
Farmers Practice
YLP Demo Farm
5.50
1.00
4.50
4.20
5.40
7.50
8.50
5.10
3.20
2.50
6.00
12.70
2.10
8.20
13.30
10.60
20.20
20.10
11.50
6.40
5.50
11.50
% Difference
79.00
71.00
58.00
104.00
65.00
92.00
81.00
77.00
67.00
75.00
63.00
(as of March 2015)
YLP Outputs
Increased yield of 50% - 232% after 2 years
Average increase on net income over

farmers practice is 153%
Result of YLP rice demonstration was

higher by 5-58% as compared to
farmers practice
10
KeyMessages
Messages
10YLP
YLP Key
Pro-active consortium partners
2
Strategic capacity development
Stratified soil
sampling technique
Comprehensive soil
analysis
Building awareness
on soil health
Demand-driven and farmer

participatory research
Best-bet crop management options
5
7
Economic gains
9
Effective extension delivery system:
Maximizing the use of ICT
10
Initiatives on soil health mapping
Save Our Soils through

Inclusive policies &
governance
Investment in sustainable soil

management
Targeted soil research
Stopping soil degradation &

restoring degraded soils
Effective education &

extension programs
Soil information systems
To rejuvenate the countrys soil resources,

DA needs to allot an initial
to
1. Upgrade and repair outdated laboratory
equipment and facilities of national and
regional BSWM soils laboratories
2. Re-train technicians and field persons
3. Conduct soil analysis and mapping nationwide
The soil is the great connector of

lives, the source and destination of
all without proper care for it,
we can have no life.
- Wendell Berry

Philippine: Dr. William D. Dar

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Philippine

Dr. WILLIAM D. DAR

President, InangLupa Movement

Global Mega Challenges

Sustainable Intensification is Key

Cropping (farming) systems

Soils is the foundation for vegetation

Soils supports our

Soils helps to combat and adapt to

Soils stores and filters

Soils is a non-renewable resource, its

Status of Philippine Soils

(BSWM Land Degradation Assessment 2013)

CY 1900: 21 M ha (70% of land area)

initially responsible for the degradation of

Reduction of forest vegetation

Loss of bio-productive functions

Decline of surface water

Extreme climatic events

Soil Health Assessment:

is a mission mode project of ICRISAT

Bhoochetana: An Upscaling Model

Narrowing the yield gaps

Saved the environment.

Saved good seeds. ICRISAT gave

Case in the Philippines:

Yamang Lupa Program

is the Philippine adaptation of the Bhoochetana concept.

Developed and distributed

Soil Health Cards

Mean Results of Field Demonstration

Average Yield (t/ha)

Average Yield (t/ha)

Mean Results of Field Demonstration

YLP Demo Farm

Average increase on net income over

Result of YLP rice demonstration was

Pro-active consortium partners

Demand-driven and farmer

Best-bet crop management options

Save Our Soils through

Investment in sustainable soil

Targeted soil research

Stopping soil degradation &

Effective education &

Soil information systems

To rejuvenate the countrys soil resources,

The soil is the great connector of

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