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    Capacitor: From Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

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    PRincess ScarLet
    A capacitor is a passive electronic component that consists of a pair of conductors separated by an insulator. When a potential difference exists across the conductors, an electric field develops in the insulator, storing energy. An ideal capacitor is characterized by its capacitance, which is the ratio of the electric charge on each conductor to the potential difference between them. Capacitors are widely used in electronic circuits for blocking direct current while allowing alternating current to pass.

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    Capacitor: From Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

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    PRincess ScarLet
    78 views3 pages
    A capacitor is a passive electronic component that consists of a pair of conductors separated by an insulator. When a potential difference exists across the conductors, an electric field develops in the insulator, storing energy. An ideal capacitor is characterized by its capacitance, which is the ratio of the electric charge on each conductor to the potential difference between them. Capacitors are widely used in electronic circuits for blocking direct current while allowing alternating current to pass.

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    A capacitor is a passive electronic component that consists of a pair of conductors separated by an insulator. When a potential difference exists across the conductors, an electric field develops in the insulator, storing energy. An ideal capacitor is characterized by its capacitance, which is the ratio of the electric charge on each conductor to the potential difference between them. Capacitors are widely used in electronic circuits for blocking direct current while allowing alternating current to pass.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    78 views3 pages

    Capacitor: From Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

    Uploaded by

    PRincess ScarLet
    A capacitor is a passive electronic component that consists of a pair of conductors separated by an insulator. When a potential difference exists across the conductors, an electric field develops in the insulator, storing energy. An ideal capacitor is characterized by its capacitance, which is the ratio of the electric charge on each conductor to the potential difference between them. Capacitors are widely used in electronic circuits for blocking direct current while allowing alternating current to pass.

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    Capacitor

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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    This article is about the electronic component. For the physical phenomenon, see capacitance.
    For an overview of various kinds of capacitors, see types of capacitor.
    Capacitor

    Modern capacitors, by a cm rule


    Type Passive
    Invented Ewald Georg von Kleist (October 1745)
    Electronic symbol

    A typical electrolytic capacitor

    A capacitor (formerly known as condenser) is a passive electronic component consisting of a


    pair of conductors separated by a dielectric (insulator). When there is a potential difference
    (voltage) across the conductors a static electric field develops in the dielectric that stores energy
    and produces a mechanical force between the conductors. An ideal capacitor is characterized by
    a single constant value, capacitance, measured in farads. This is the ratio of the electric charge on
    each conductor to the potential difference between them.
    Capacitors are widely used in electronic circuits for blocking direct current while allowing
    alternating current to pass, in filter networks, for smoothing the output of power supplies, in the
    resonant circuits that tune radios to particular frequencies and for many other purposes.

    The effect is greatest when there is a narrow separation between large areas of conductor, hence
    capacitor conductors are often called "plates", referring to an early means of construction. In
    practice the dielectric between the plates passes a small amount of leakage current and also has
    an electric field strength limit, resulting in a breakdown voltage, while the conductors and leads
    introduce an equivalent series resistance.

    capacitor consists of two conductors separated by a non-conductive region[8] called the dielectric
    medium though it may be a vacuum or a semiconductor depletion region chemically identical to
    the conductors. A capacitor is assumed to be self-contained and isolated, with no net electric
    charge and no influence from any external electric field. The conductors thus hold equal and
    opposite charges on their facing surfaces,[9] and the dielectric develops an electric field. In SI
    units, a capacitance of one farad means that one coulomb of charge on each conductor causes a
    voltage of one volt across the device.[10]

    The capacitor is a reasonably general model for electric fields within electric circuits. An ideal
    capacitor is wholly characterized by a constant capacitance C, defined as the ratio of charge ±Q
    on each conductor to the voltage V between them:[8]

    Sometimes charge build-up affects the capacitor mechanically, causing its capacitance to vary. In
    this case, capacitance is defined in terms of incremental changes:

    TYPES OF CAPACITORS

    Practical capacitors are available commercially in many different forms. The type of internal
    dielectric, the structure of the plates and the device packaging all strongly affect the
    characteristics of the capacitor, and its applications.

    Values available range from very low (picofarad range; while arbitrarily low values are in
    principle possible, stray (parasitic) capacitance in any circuit is the limiting factor) to about 5 kF
    supercapacitors.

    Above approximately 1 microfarad electrolytic capacitors are usually used because of their small
    size and low cost compared with other technologies, unless their relatively poor stability, life and
    polarised nature make them unsuitable. Very high capacity supercapacitors use a porous carbon-
    based electrode material.

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