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    Stomach Cancer

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    Neelesh Bhandari
    Stomach cancer is one of the silent killers, arising and generally spreading into other tissues before it is first diagnosed. This presentation describes a few salient features about this disease, including etiology, diagnosis and treatment.

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    Stomach Cancer

    Uploaded by

    Neelesh Bhandari
    557 views9 pages
    Stomach cancer is one of the silent killers, arising and generally spreading into other tissues before it is first diagnosed. This presentation describes a few salient features about this disease, including etiology, diagnosis and treatment.

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    Stomach cancer is one of the silent killers, arising and generally spreading into other tissues before it is first diagnosed. This presentation describes a few salient features about this disease, including etiology, diagnosis and treatment.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    557 views9 pages

    Stomach Cancer

    Uploaded by

    Neelesh Bhandari
    Stomach cancer is one of the silent killers, arising and generally spreading into other tissues before it is first diagnosed. This presentation describes a few salient features about this disease, including etiology, diagnosis and treatment.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    Stomach cancer

    ☼ An Overview

    Distributed under Creative Commons license


    ☼ Introduction
    • leading cause of cancer related morbidity

    • Second most common cause of cancer related deaths


    after Lung cancer (10.4% of all cancer related deaths).  

    • 60% cases occur in the developing world

    • linked to dietary habits and unhealthy food


    preservation practices
    ☼Causes-
    • A/S/L-
    Elderly Male Asians and East Europeans.

    • Diet-
    Food preserved by drying, smoking, salting and
    pickling

    Dietary nitrites converted to carcinogenic


    N-nitroso compounds by bacteria in the stomach.

    • Helicobacter Pylori infection-People with H. Pylori


    bacteria infection of the stomach have greater risk.
    Causes- contd
    • Prior stomach surgery-People with a history of stomach
    surgery face a greater risk due to alteration in normal
    ph of the stomach.

    • Stomach Disorders- Pernicious anemia, achlorhydria


    and atrophic gastritis 6 times more prone.

    • Smoking

    • Hereditary- underlying genetic factors are poorly


    understood (KRAS mutation, c-met amplification)

    Rarely, some gastric ulcers may turn into cancer.


    ☼ Types

    • 90% arise from the glandular cells of the stomach wall


    and are called Adenocarcinomas.

    • Others –
    Gastric Lymphomas (cancer of gastric lymphatic
    tissue)
    Soft tissue sarcomas (e.g. Leiomyosarcomas)
    Carcinoids
    ☼Clinical features
    • Early stages asymptomatic.

    • non-specific symptoms like indigestion, nausea,


    vomiting and sometimes Pain.

    • bloated feeling after eating, loss of appetite, dark


    colored stools (due to presence of blood) and feeling of
    tiredness (due to anemia).

    • Late features- peritoneal and pleural effusions,


    Jaundice and cachexia.

    • Hepatomegaly usually occurs and presence of an


    enlarged left supraclavicular lymphnode (Virchow's sign)
    is a typical finding.
    ☼Treatment
    • Surgical intervention
    Partial/subtotal gastrectomy ,
    Total gastrectomy + making of a new stomach from
    S.I

    • Radiation therapy-
    external beam radiation (5 days/week*6 to 8 weeks).
    Tomotherapy HI-ART (Tomotherapy highly integrated
    adaptive radiotherapy) for specific reduced doses.

    • Chemotherapy – 5 fluorouracil, Cisplatin, Doxorubicin.

    • Immunotherapy
    ☼ Prognosis
    • Indicators - Stage
    - Tumor Size
    - Histological Type
    - Degree of cytological atypia
    - Lymphatic/vascular invasion

    • Generally, five year survival is a poor 30%.

    • Younger patients have more aggressive disease.


    Dr. Neelesh Bhandari
    MBBS(A.F.M.C), MD (Path.)
    PGP Human Rights.

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