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Inorganic Chemical Technology: H SO Production

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Luther King Ferguson

The document summarizes the production of sulphuric acid. It discusses the key processes including the lead chamber process from 1746 and the contact process developed in 1830. It provides worldwide production statistics from 2000 and 1997 for context. The lead chamber process produces a dilute acid from burning sulfur or pyrites to create sulfur dioxide, while the contact process uses catalytic oxidation of SO2 and reaction with sulfuric acid to produce pyrosulphuric acid.

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Inorganic Chemical Technology: H SO Production

Uploaded by

Luther King Ferguson
82 views10 pages
The document summarizes the production of sulphuric acid. It discusses the key processes including the lead chamber process from 1746 and the contact process developed in 1830. It provides worldwide production statistics from 2000 and 1997 for context. The lead chamber process produces a dilute acid from burning sulfur or pyrites to create sulfur dioxide, while the contact process uses catalytic oxidation of SO2 and reaction with sulfuric acid to produce pyrosulphuric acid.

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Sulphuric Acid

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The document summarizes the production of sulphuric acid. It discusses the key processes including the lead chamber process from 1746 and the contact process developed in 1830. It provides worldwide production statistics from 2000 and 1997 for context. The lead chamber process produces a dilute acid from burning sulfur or pyrites to create sulfur dioxide, while the contact process uses catalytic oxidation of SO2 and reaction with sulfuric acid to produce pyrosulphuric acid.

Copyright:

Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
82 views10 pages

Inorganic Chemical Technology: H SO Production

Uploaded by

Luther King Ferguson
The document summarizes the production of sulphuric acid. It discusses the key processes including the lead chamber process from 1746 and the contact process developed in 1830. It provides worldwide production statistics from 2000 and 1997 for context. The lead chamber process produces a dilute acid from burning sulfur or pyrites to create sulfur dioxide, while the contact process uses catalytic oxidation of SO2 and reaction with sulfuric acid to produce pyrosulphuric acid.

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Inorganic Chemical

Technology

Contact
process
H2SO4 Production
Lead
chamber
process
Sulphuric acid
 Sulphuric acid is the world's largest volume bulk
chemical

 Not know before 16th century

 1600 – John van Helmonte suceeded in


synthesizing via destructive distallation of forrous
sulphate *green vitriol* along with the burning of
sulphur

 First commercial application – Na2CO3 production in


1790
 17th century : Commercial development
from burning S and potassium nitrate

 1746 – John Roebuck invented the lead


chamber process

 1830 – Peregrine Phillips developed the


contact process in England
 More than 90 x 10 -6 tons produced in the USA

 At one time, the production of sulphuric acid


was used as a measure of the economic
strength of a country, sulphuric acid being
involved in many industrial processes

 Important for superphosphate fertilizer


production, as well as for hydrochlocic, nitric
acids, sulphate salts, detergent and dye
manufacturing
Annual Production

 2000 World production 157 million tonnes

 1997 EU production 18.1 million tonnes

 1997UK production 1.21 million tonnes

 2005 Jamaica production 0.37 million


tonnes
Lead Chamber Process
 Production of a relatively dilute acid (62% -
78%) for making fertilizer

 Dissolution of oxidized SO2 in water

 Sulphur or pyrites burned to give sulphur


dioxide

 Oil refinery waste acid sllso sludge and


ferrous sulphate waste also used
Lead chamber Process
Waste
gas
H2O
SO2, SO3 Gay
Lussac
(3 to 12 Chambers) Tower

Nitrous Vitriol
Lead
lined
chamber

NO2,N,
SO2 H2O, O2

Chamber fertilizer acid (62-78% H 2SO4)


H2O

SO2 Glower Tower


Glower
H2O tower

Nitrous Vitriol
 2SO2(g) + NO (g) + NO 2(g) + H2O(g)
2HOSO2(ONO) (s)

Nitrosulphuric acid

 2HOSO2(ONO) (s) + H2O(g)


2H2SO4(l) + NO (g) + NO 2(g)
The Contact Process
 Most commonly used process for
Sulphuric acid

 Catalytic oxidization of SO2

 SO3 formed is bubbled throughH2SO4


to form pyrosulphuric acid (H2S2O7)
Contact process reactions

 SO3(g) + H2SO4(l) H2S2O7(l)

 H2S2O7(l) + H2O(l) 2H2SO4(l)


pyrosulphuric acid
 The pyrosulphuric hydrolysis is easier
to control

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