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    Activity Series Lab

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    Jonathan_Khan7
    The document summarizes the results of an experiment where various metals were reacted with hydrochloric acid and solutions of metal ions. The metals calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and cobalt all reacted when placed in hydrochloric acid, producing hydrogen gas. Copper, tin, and magnesium did not react with hydrochloric acid. When the metals were placed in solutions of metal ions, many reactions occurred where the metals dissolved or changed the color of the solutions. Calcium reacted with all metal ion solutions. The document also includes review questions about properties of metals, oxidation-reduction reactions, and determining reactivity.

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    Activity Series Lab

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    Jonathan_Khan7
    21K views6 pages
    The document summarizes the results of an experiment where various metals were reacted with hydrochloric acid and solutions of metal ions. The metals calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and cobalt all reacted when placed in hydrochloric acid, producing hydrogen gas. Copper, tin, and magnesium did not react with hydrochloric acid. When the metals were placed in solutions of metal ions, many reactions occurred where the metals dissolved or changed the color of the solutions. Calcium reacted with all metal ion solutions. The document also includes review questions about properties of metals, oxidation-reduction reactions, and determining reactivity.

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    The document summarizes the results of an experiment where various metals were reacted with hydrochloric acid and solutions of metal ions. The metals calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and cobalt all reacted when placed in hydrochloric acid, producing hydrogen gas. Copper, tin, and magnesium did not react with hydrochloric acid. When the metals were placed in solutions of metal ions, many reactions occurred where the metals dissolved or changed the color of the solutions. Calcium reacted with all metal ion solutions. The document also includes review questions about properties of metals, oxidation-reduction reactions, and determining reactivity.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx
    21K views6 pages

    Activity Series Lab

    Uploaded by

    Jonathan_Khan7
    The document summarizes the results of an experiment where various metals were reacted with hydrochloric acid and solutions of metal ions. The metals calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and cobalt all reacted when placed in hydrochloric acid, producing hydrogen gas. Copper, tin, and magnesium did not react with hydrochloric acid. When the metals were placed in solutions of metal ions, many reactions occurred where the metals dissolved or changed the color of the solutions. Calcium reacted with all metal ion solutions. The document also includes review questions about properties of metals, oxidation-reduction reactions, and determining reactivity.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Jonathan Khan October 28, 2010

    Ms. Crowley A.P. Chemistry Activity Series Lab

    Reactions of Metals with Acid

    Metal Reaction with HCl Observation Equation

    Ca Yes, Fast Lots of bubbles, a Ca + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2


    smell, and a gas Ca + 2H+ Ca+2 + H2
    evolved

    Cu No Reaction

    Mg Yes, Fast Bubbles formed, and a Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2


    gas evolved Mg + 2H+ Mg+2 + H2

    Fe Yes, Slow Slight bubbling, with a Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2


    color change of the Fe + 2H+ Fe+2 + H2
    solution from clear, to
    brown; gas evolved.

    Sn No Reaction

    Zn Yes, Fast Fast light bubbling, Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2


    with a slight smell, and Zn + 2H+ Zn+2 + H2
    the color of the solution
    changed from clear to a
    grayish color.

    Example: Yes, Slowly Gas evolved; solution Co + 2HCl CoCl2 + H2


    Co turned blue Co + 2H+ Co2+ + H2
    Reactions of Metals with Solutions of Metal Ions

    Metal
    Ions Ca2+ Cu2+ Fe3+ Fe2+ Mg2+ Sn4+ Zn2+ Al3+

    Metal

    Ca Yes, Yes, Yes, Yes, Yes, Yes, Yes,


    Calcium calcium calcium solution solution solution calcium
    dissolves, dissolves, dissolves, turned turned a turned dissolves
    Solution solution solution white foamy white
    turned turned turned a white
    grey green greenish /
    brown
    color

    Cu No No No No No No No
    Reaction Reaction Reaction Reaction Reaction Reaction Reaction

    Fe No No No No No No
    Reaction Reaction Reaction Reaction Reaction Reaction

    Mg Yes,
    Magnesium
    turned dark Yes,
    No No No No at the No Magnesium
    Reaction Reaction Reaction Reaction edges, and Reaction Dissolves
    began to
    break down

    Sn No No No No No No No
    Reaction Reaction Reaction Reaction Reaction Reaction Reaction

    Zn Yes, zinc Yes, Zinc Yes, zinc No


    turns blue turned turned Reaction
    No solution solution solution a No No
    Reaction black green grayish / Reaction Reaction
    green
    color
    Example Yes, Yes, Yes Yes, Yes,
    : Al aluminu aluminum aluminu aluminum aluminu
    No m turned turned m turned No turned dark m turned
    Reaction brown dark dark Reaction solution dark
    solution colorless
    colorless

    Review Questions

    1. What distinguishes a metal from a nonmetal?

    a. A metal posses the following qualities which make it a metal

    i. Luster

    ii. Conductivity

    1. Heat

    2. Electricity

    iii. Malleability

    iv. Ductility

    2. What does ionization energy measure?

    a. Ionization energy is a measure of the amount of energy needed to remove an electron from the

    valence shell of an atom.

    b. The first ionization energy is used to measure how much energy is needed to strip the first

    electron; the second ionization energy is used to measure how much energy Is needed to remove

    the second electron. And the trend goes onward.


    c. The ionization energies increase from first and onward, because it becomes increasingly difficult

    to remove electrons from an atom.

    3. What does electron affinity measure?

    a. Electron affinity is the measure of an atom’s tendency to attract electrons from other atoms, and

    thus resulting in a bond.

    4. Why must oxidation be accompanied by a reduction?

    a. Oxidations must be accompanied by an reduction because when electrons are lost from one

    atom, they must be transferred to another atom. They cannot simply be left unbound to an atom.

    5. How does one determine the relative reactivities of metals?

    a. In order to determine the relative reactivities of a metals,

    i. Take a sample of each metal which you want to compare

    ii. Place each under similar conditions,

    iii. Place each into a solution of something reactive such as acid simultaneously

    iv. Watch and rate the relative reactivities of each metal under the conditions that it was

    presented to.

    6. Complete and balance the following

    a. 2Mg + O2 2MgO

    b. Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2

    c. Zn + Cu2+ No Reaction

    7. Balance the following reactions and identify the species which have been oxidized, and which have been

    reduced.

    a. Cl2 + 2I- I2 + 2Cl-

    i. Oxidized

    1. Iodine

    ii. Reduced

    1. Chlorine
    b. WO2 + 2H2 W + 2H2O

    i. Oxidized

    1. Hydrogen

    ii. Reduced

    1. Tungsten

    c. Ca + 2H2O H2 +Ca(OH)2

    i. Oxidized

    1. Calcium

    ii. Reduced

    1. Hydrogen

    d. 4Al +3O2 2Al2O3

    i. Oxidized

    1. Aluminum

    ii. Reduced

    1. Oxygen

    8. Of the following redox reactions are found to occur spontaneously, identify the more active metal in

    each reaction.

    a. 2Li + Cu2+ 2Li+ + Cu

    i. The lithium

    1. It donated an electron from each atom to the copper ion

    b. Cr + 3V3+ 3V2+ + Cr3+

    i. The chromium because it lost 3 electrons to the 3 vanadium ions

    c. Cd + 2Ti3+ 2Ti2+ + Cd2+

    i. The cadmium is more reactive because it lost 2 electrons to the 2 titanium ions.
    Questions

    1. Which of these metals should be the most reactive toward oxygen?

    a. Calcium and magnesium should be the most reactive towards oxygen.

    2. Which of the oxides would be expected to be thermally unstable and decompose according to

    a. 2MO 2M + O2

    i. The group two oxides would be expected to decompose according to that rule.

    3. ON LAB

    4. Which is more reactive Fe2+ or Fe3+, and why

    a. Fe3+ is more reactive because it has a stronger charge

    5. From the data in table B, rank the reactivity of aluminum

    a. Aluminum is reactive with all metal ions except those of group two elements

    6. ON LAB

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