Annual Report On Basic Bank

BASIC Bank Limited
Serving People for Progress
Chapter # 1
Introduction to the Report
Contents: Page No
1.1 Background of the Study 2
1.2 Rationality of the Study 2
1.3 Objectives of the Report 2
1.4 Scope of the Report 3
1.5 Limitations of the Study 3
1.6 Methodology 4
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BASIC Bank Limited
1.1 Background of the Study
Now we are living in the age of competition at anything in any places. From that tendency
recently Education is also in the age of competition. So the procedures and standards of
teaching are upgraded by different universities and institutions in our country. In respect to
that, internship is mandatory for our BBA program offered by Stamford University
Bangladesh. This program is a partial fulfillment of our BBA curriculum. To do so I decided
to complete my internship in BASIC Bank Limited. In connecting, HRD of BASIC Bank
Limited sent me to the Bangshal Branch and assigned to prepare this report.
1.2 Rationality of the Study
Internship program is the practical aspect of our theoretical learning. It makes a bridge
between the gap of classroom learning and practical learning. In this view, Internship plays a
pivotal role for each professional degree like BBA. The study will help formulate suitable
policies taking into consideration different ideas, suggestions and feelings of the customers
and bankers. Further more, it may note that BASIC Bank executives who are really executing
the policies undertaken by the top management will have a chance to communicate their
interaction and provide necessary feedback.
1.3 Objectives of the Report
• To fulfill academic requirement.

• To gain practical knowledge in banking sector of our country.
• To evaluate the various loans programs of BASIC bank which includes Industrial,
Trade and Commerce etc.
• To explain the procedures, systems of the credit operations of BASIC Bank.
• To inspect the recovery of loans by BASIC Bank.
• To measure the actual position in classified Loan and provisions maintained by the
BASIC Bank Limited.
• To get acquainted with the loan structure, size, profile of sector wise outstanding
position of loans and system of loan classification of BASIC.
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BASIC Bank Limited
• To identify major strength and weakness of BASIC Bank Limited in respect to other
Banks.
• To assess and evaluate the growth trends on BASIC Bank Limited among other
Banks.
• To recommend ways and means to solve problems regarding Banking.
1.4 Scope of the Report
The Report mainly focuses on the following areas:
 The kinds of credit facilities extended by BASIC Bank Limited.

 General procedures for getting those credit facilities.
 What kinds of standard documents are required for getting those credit facilities
 How different kinds of projects are appraised and financed at BASIC Bank Limited.
 Present scenario of recovery rate and classified loan of BASIC Bank.
1.5 Limitations of the Study
The major limitations of this study are:
 Sufficient records, publications were not available as per my requirement.

 Time constraint.
 Non-cooperative behavior of some officials of the bank.
 3 months are very short time to prepare this.
 Lack of opportunity to work in all the departments for a longer time.
 Up to date data are not available.
 Lack of opportunity to visit more than one branch.
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BASIC Bank Limited
1.6 Methodology
To make the Report more meaningful and presentable, two sources of data and information
have been used widely.
Source of Data
Primary Data Secondary Data
Both primary and secondary data sources were used to generate the report.
Primary: Interview, observation, and 3-months work experience with different divisional In -
Charge and suggestions of many executives of the bank.
Secondary: Annual reports of BASIC Bank Limited, Instruction circular of Head Office,
Brochures of different Banks, News Paper & Magazine regarding Banking issues, Seminar
papers and so on.
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BASIC Bank Limited
Chapter # 02
Overview of the BASIC Bank Limited
Contents: Page No.

2.1 Background of the BASIC Bank 6
2..2 Functions 6
2.3 Corporate Strategy 6-7
2.4 Organizational Goals 7
2.5 Organizational Structure 7
2.6 Organogram of BASIC Bank Ltd. 8
2.7 Capital Position (31.12.2008) 9
2.8 Resources and Capabilities 9-10
2.9 Monetary/Financial Resources 10-12
2.10 Risk Management 12
2.11 Branches of BASIC Bank Limited 13
2.1 Background of the BASIC Bank
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BASIC Bank Limited
BASIC Bank Limited (Bangladesh Small Industries and Commerce Bank Limited) registered
under the Companies Act 1913 on the 2nd of August, 1988, started its operations from the 21st
of January, 1989. It is governed by the Banking Companies Act 1991. The Bank was
established as the policy makers of the country felt the urgency for a bank in the private sector
for financing small scale Industries (SSIs). At the outset, the Bank started as a joint venture
enterprise of the BCC Foundation with 70 percent shares and the Government of Bangladesh
(GOB) with the remaining 30 percent shares. The BCC Foundation being nonfunctional
following the closure of the BCCI, the Government of Bangladesh took over 100 percent
ownership of the bank on 4th June 1992. Thus the Bank is state-owned. However, the Bank is
not nationalized; it operates like a private bank as before.
BASIC Bank Limited is unique in its objectives. It is a blend of development and commercial
banks. The Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Bank stipulate that 50 percent
of loan able funds shall be invested in small and cottage industries sector.
2.2 Functions
The Bank Offers:
• Term loans to industries especially to small-scale enterprises.

• Full-fledged commercial banking service including collection of deposit, short term
trade finance, working capital finance in processing and manufacturing units and
financing and facilitating international trade.
• Technical support to Small Scale Industries (SSls) in order to enable them to run their
enterprises successfully.
• Micro credit to the urban poor through linkage with Non- Government Organizations
(NGOs) with a view to facilitating their access to the formal financial market for the
mobilization of resources.
2.3 Corporate Strategy
• Financing establishment of small units of industries and business and facilitate their
growth
• Small Balance Sheet size composed of quality assets.

• Steady and sustainable growth.
• Investment in a cautious way.
• Adoption of new banking technology.
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BASIC Bank Limited
2.4 Organizational Goals
• To employ funds for profitable purposes in various fields with special emphasis on
small scale industries.
• To undertake project promotion on identify profitable areas of investment.
• To search for newer avenues for investment and develop new products to suit such
needs.
• To establish linkage with other institutions which are engaged in financing micro
enterprises.
• To cooperate and collaborate with institutions entrusted with the responsibility of

promoting and aiding SSI sector.
2.5 Organizational Structure
To achieve its organizational goals, the Bank conducts its operations in accordance with the
major policy guidelines laid down by the Board of Directors, the highest policy making body.
The day to day operation of the Bank is looked after by the management.
A.Board of Directors
The Government holds 100% ownership of the bank. The Government of Bangladesh
appoints all the directors’ of the Board. The Secretary of the Ministry of Industries is the
chairman of the bank. Other directors of the bank are high government and central Bank
executives. The Managing Director is an ex.-official member of the Board of Directors. There
are at present 7 directors including the Managing Directors of the Board. The present Board
of Directors of the Bank consists of the following members.
B. Management
The management is headed by the Managing Director. He is assisted by the General
Managers and Departmental Heads in the Head Office. BASIC Bank is different in respect of
hierarchical structure from other banks in that it is much more vertically integrated as far as
reporting to the Chief Executive is concerned The Branch Managers of the Bank report direct
to the Managing Director and, for functional purposes, to the Heads of Departments.
Consequently, quick decision making in disposal of cases is ensured.
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BASIC Bank Limited
2.6 Organogram of BASIC Bank Ltd.

ORGANOGRAM OF BASIC BANK
CHAIRMAN
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MANAGING DIRECTOR
GM ( GM )
GM
(Admin ) Operation
(Audit & Inspection)
Establishment Central
Industrial
International Personal
Credit & Accounts
Credit
DEVELOPMENT Division
Division Division Division
Branch Control
Deputy General Manager
Assistant General Manager .
Manager
Deputy Manager
Assistant Manager
Senior Officer
Officer
Assistant Officer
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BASIC Bank Limited
2.7 Capital Position (31.12.2008)
Authorized capital Tk. 2000 million

Paid up capital Tk. 1309.77 million.
Total Reserve and Surplus up to Tk. 1681.39 million
The Bank is required to transfer 20 percent of its net profit before Tax to Capital
Fund as per the Banking Companies Act 1991.
2.8 Resources and Capabilities
BASIC Bank Limited is well prepared to and capable of meeting the demand for a broad
range of banking services. It has got adequate resources, both human and physical, to provide
the customers with the best possible services.
2.8.1 Physical and technological resources
A great deal of investment for developing the physical resource base of the Bank has been
made. The Bank has its presence in all the major industrial and commercial hubs
of Bangladesh in order to cater to the needs of industry and trade. At present, there
are twenty-seven conveniently located branches throughout Bangladesh. There
are ten branches in the capital city of Dhaka, six in Chittagong and one each in Narayanganj,
Narsingdi, Rajshahi, Saidpur, Bogra, Khulna, Jessore, Sylhet, Moulvibazar, Comilla, Barisal
and Sirajganj.
Major features of these branches are:
• Fully computerized accounts maintenance.
• Well decorated air conditioned facilities.
• A fully operational computer network which is currently being implemented.

The work of Local Area Network (LAN) and Wide Area Network (WAN) installation
having reliable and secured communication between the branches and the Head Office is
in progress to facilitate any Branch Banking and ATM Services.
• Money counting machine for making cash transactions easy and prompt.
• Fifteen out of twenty six branches are authorized dealers of foreign exchange. This
facilitates speedy disposal of transaction of export and import trade.
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BASIC Bank Limited
2.8.2 HRD
BASIC has a well-diversified pool of human resource, which is composed of personnel with
high academic background. Also, there is a positive demographic characteristic. Most
employees are comparatively young in age yet mature in experience. As at end 2008 the total
employee strength was 735. The Bank follows a strict recruitment policy in order to ensure
that only the best people are recruited. The Bank, so far, has recruited four batches of entry-
level management staff, all of whom have got excellent academic background.
2.8.3Training
Intensive training program, on a regular basis, is being imparted to employees of both

management and non-management levels to meet the challenges in the banking industry and
to help employees to adapt the changes and new working conditions. Human resource is the
main driving force and quality human resources are the key sources for the success of today's
banking business. Keeping this view in mind and recognizing the importance of training for
professional excellence BASIC Bank Ltd. has established its own training institute in 2005
with modern facilities. In 2008 the institute arranged 27 training courses and provided training
to as many as 517 employees of the bank. To cater to the needs of the employees and to keep
pace with demand of the time it will continue to arrange regular training courses in the days
ahead. During the year 2008, a total of 602 employees of the Bank were provided with
training in various fields. Out of them 11 employees participated in training courses held
abroad. In 2007 total 122 employees of various stages were given promotion which is almost
17.00 percent of total employees of the bank.
2.9 Monetary/Financial Resources

Like any other financial intermediaries, BASIC Bank Limited is no exception in performing
its core functions viz. Mobilization of fund and utilizing such mobilized fund for profitable
purposes.
2.9.1 Mobilization of fund
The main sources of fund for the Bank are:
i. Deposit, and
ii. Borrowing
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BASIC Bank Limited
i. Deposit:
Deposit is the mainstay of the Bank's sources of funds. Following usual practices, it collects
deposit through:
a. Current Deposit
b. Savings Deposit
c. Term Deposit
ii.Borrowing:
Apart from deposit, BASIC Bank Limited received funds from:
• Bangladesh Bank
• Asian Development Bank (ADB)
• KfW (kreditanstalt fur Wieder-aufbau Credit Institution for Reconstruction), a German

development bank. All of these funding sources are for relatively longer period. Receiving
the credit lines from ADB and KfW has been a recognizing of the Bank's highly
satisfactory performance.
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BASIC Bank Limited
2.9.2 Utilization of Fund
BASIC Bank Limited utilizes its funds in accordance with its organizational goals and
corporate strategy. Main use is for lending to industrial and trade sectors. Maintenance of cash
and statutory liquidity reserve with the Bangladesh Bank covers 20 percent of demand and
time liabilities. Placement of funds in Nostro Accounts to handle foreign trade and investment
in money market is also done as usual
2.10 Risk Management
In banking environment no reward can be expected without risk. In this backdrop, the
management Hs established a formal program for managing the business risk faced by the
bank. Considering the present non-performing loan position of the country, Basic Bank is
very much cautious about its investment. Every loan proposal is placed under care scrutiny
before approval. Proposals of large amount of loans need approval of the Broad of Directors.
Internal Audit team exercise close monitoring on every loan transaction. Management
regularly reviews the Bank’s overall assets and liability position and makes necessary changes
in its mix as and when required. The Bank also has a liquidity policy to ensure financial
flexibility to cope with unexpected future cash demands.
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BASIC Bank Limited
2.11 Branches of BASIC Bank Limited
BASIC is a state-owned scheduled bank. It is adjudged as one of the soundest banks in

Bangladesh. The Bank has currently been operating with a network of 32 Branches across the
country.
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BASIC Bank Limited
Chapter # 03
General Activities of BASIC Bank Limited
Contents: Page No.

3.1 General Banking 15
3.1.1 Account Opening Section 15-17
3.1.2 Remittance Section 17-20
3.1.3 Clearing Section 21-22
3.1.4 Cash Section 22
3.1.5 Accounts Section 23
3.2 Loans and Advances 23
3.2.1 Industrial Credit 23
3.2.2 Commercial Credit 24
3.2.3 Micro Credit 24
3.3 Foreign Exchange 25
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BASIC Bank Limited
3.1 General Banking
General Banking department performs the majority functions of a bank. It is the core
department of BASIC Bank Limited like other banks. In fact, bank operates with the people’s
money. And this process starts with the General Banking Department. The activities of the
General Banking Department of BASIC Bank Ltd. are mainly divided into the following
categories:
 Account Opening Section,

 Remittance Section,
 Clearing Section,
 Cash Section,
 Accounts Section,
3.1.1 Account Opening Section
To establish a Banker and customer relationship Account opening is the first step. Opening of
an account binds the Banker and customer into contractual relationship. But selection of
customer for opening an account is very crucial for a Bank. Indeed, fraud and forgery of all
kinds start by opening account. So, the Bank takes extremely cautious measure in its selection
of customers.
3.1.1.1 Types of Account
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BASIC Bank Limited
Types of Account
Savings
Current Account Term Deposit
Account
3.1.1.2 Procedure to open an Account
 Account opening form to be filled in and properly signed by each account holder.
 Copy of passport/Voter identity card/Motor driving license/Office ID/Other ID acceptable
to the Bank.
 Latest passport size photograph (2 copies) for each accountholder attested by the
introducer.
 Introduction of account holder to be signed by introducer with ID and account number.
 A/C payee cheque in favor of the Account holder or Cash.
 Minor accounts additional require 1 copy passport size photograph of minor.
 Foreign citizens in Bangladesh additionally require photocopy of Passport with valid visa
and work permit.
Documents/Papers are obtained while opening following types of account:
a) For limited companies:

i) Certificate of incorporation.
ii) Memorandum and Articles of Association.
iii) Full list of Directors of the company.
iv) Board’s Resolution to open an account and its operation.
v) Certificate of commencement of business for Public Limited Company.
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BASIC Bank Limited
b) For partnership accounts:

i) AOF is duly filled in and signed by all the partners.
ii) Copies of registered partnership deed and partnership letter are obtained duly verified with
original.
iii) Operational instruction must be signed by the partners and authenticated by an authorized
officer of the branch.
c) For associations, club, society, voluntary organization:

i) Copy of By-laws.
ii) Resolution to open account and its operation.
iii) Certificate of incorporation/registration.
iv) List of office bearers.
d) For trust accounts:

i) Copies of trust deeds.
ii) List of trustees.
iii) Operational instruction of Bank Account.
e) Proprietorship accounts:
Valid Trade license is obtained at the time of opening the account.
3.1.2 Remittance Section
Local remittance is one of the main components of general banking. The activities of local
remittance are ---
i. Telegraphic Transfer,
ii. Demand Draft issue,
iii. Pay order.
3.1.2.1 Telegraphic Transfer (T.T):
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BASIC Bank Limited
.
T.T- Telegraphic
Transfer
Inward T.T.
Outward T.T.
In this procedure one can transfer money from one place to another place. For this reason
money carrying risk is reduced. As well as time also save.
This procedure is only applicable for in this bank & its other branches, on one can do T.T.
from in this bank to another bank. Cause, for any T.T clients must have accounts in this bank.
Procedure of inward T.T:
This means any client of our branch want to does T.T. then he inform his branch & from that
branch inform to main branch through telephone.
In this case branch must see some important things as follows:
a. T.T. control number

b. Payee name & account number
c. By order
d. Test number ( for any amount of money this number must be needed)
e. Amount in ward
f. Amount in figure.
After getting this T.T., bank check that T.T. & register book according to that branch. In this
case most important thing is test number. Cause it maintaining for the client’s security. If the
test number does not match with the register book then bank informs it to that branch & bank
does not play that money. But usually this type of mistake does not happen.
After register T.T. bank makes an advice which has four parts. Bank indicates clearly the date,
the amount of T.T. inward & in amount.
In this advice bank does a customer account debit & head office account credit & write test
number.
Two copies send to that branch, one to the head office & one attach with voucher.
Procedure of outward T.T:
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BASIC Bank Limited
This likes reverse of inward T.T. In this case if any client wants to transfer money or
accounts, he informs bank. Bank informs that branch where the client wants to transfer his
amount. In this case, bank communicates with that branch through telephone. Bank must
inform the payee name. By order as inward T.T. procedure that branch makes advice against
this branch.
For an example if any client of our branch wants to T.T. to Khulna then he must fill up the
form of T.T. where he writes all information as per T.T. form. Then bank check all
information & charge commission, vat & telex charge. For any amount of T.T. test number is
needed.
Charges for T.T as follows:
Charges Percentage
Commission Minimum 150 taka or 0.1% which one
greater.
Vat 15%
Telex Charge 50 Taka
3.1.2.2 Demand Draft
Demand draft is another way to pay money or transfer account one branch to another branch.
In this case one can pay money to his client to any place of Bangladesh. In this case client
does need account in this bank.
This is two types.
• Inward D.D.
• Outward D.D.
In this procedure one can transfer money one place to another place. For this reason money
carrying risk is reduced. As well as time also save.
Procedure of Outward D.D.:
In this case transferee fills up the D.D. from where he must write the drawee name & A/c # &
the bank name where branch office collects the money.
In D.D there must have important information as follows:
• D.D number
• Control number
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BASIC Bank Limited
• Payee name A/c number

• Amount in ward & in amount
• Branch code of from & to
• Test number
• Signature of applicant.
For an example if any client of our branch wants to D.D to Khulna then he must fill up the
form of D.D where all information as per D.D forms. Then bank check all information &
charge commission, vat & postage charge.
For D.D 1 to 49,999 taka, there is no test number is needed. Greater than 49,999 taka D.D
needs test number.
Charges for D.D as follows:
Charges Percentage
Commission Minimum 50 taka or 0.1% which one greater.
Vat 15%
Postage Charge 25 taka
Then register D.D in register book. Where bank writes control number, test number, amount
in figure & word, payee name, the branch name where it sends.
Then bank makes an advice, which has four parts. Two send to the payee’s branch. One copy
sends to the head office & another in this bank’s voucher.
Procedure of Inward D.D:
When D.D comes from any branch, then we register it in register book, in this case bank must
see the previous serial number. If it is correct, then bank register it in register book. Where
bank entry date on the D.D, D.D number, payee name, amount, and serial number.
For an example if any D.D comes from Rajshahi. Then bank does
Head office a/c (Rajshahi Br.) Dr.
D.D payable a/c Cr.
When branch gets that money from head office then bank does
D.D payable a/c Dr.
Coustomer a/c Cr.
Branch offices maintain an account with head office, which is called Head office Account
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BASIC Bank Limited
3.1.2.3 Pay Order
It is another facility for client to transfer his money to another place. In this he must has an
account in this bank. If he has no account in this bank, he can deposit money in this bank &
does pay order. But in this case he must need a person how knows him. He can deposit
cheque then bank does this pay order.
Applicant must fill up the pay order form. Where payee order number, payee name, amount in
figure & words
Bank takes commission & vat as follows:
Charges Percentage
Commission 50 taka
Vat 8 taka
3.1.3 Clearing Section
Collection of cheques on behalf of its customer is one of the basic functions of a bank.
Clearing stands mutual settlement of claims made in between member banks at an agreed time
and place.
3.1.3.1 Types of clearing:
i. Inward Clearing
ii. Outward Clearing
Process flow chart for inward clearing:
Receipt the instrument from messenger

Receipt the instrument from messenger
Scrutiny the instrument and tallying the amount of the schedule and that of instrument
Sending the instrument to respective department
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BASIC Bank Limited
 if any dishonor cheque

Preparation of reason memo
Sent the dishonor cheque to principal branch
Filling the statement in the respective file
Posting the IBCA
Process flow chart for outward clearing:
Receipt the instrument with the paying in slip
Scrutiny of the instrument and paying in slip & affixing received seal
Affixing special crossing endorsement and clearing seal
Return of the counterfoil to the depositor with seal and signature
Separation of the instrument from the paying in slip
Posting in the nikash software
Classification of the instrument first bank wise and then branch wise
Check the total amount in validation sheet
Sending the instrument to principal branch
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BASIC Bank Limited
3.1.4 Cash Section
Cash section is a very sensitive organ of the branch and handle with extra care. Operation of
this section begins at the start of the banking hour. Cash officer begins his/her transaction
with taking money from the vault, known as the opening cash balance. Vault is kept in a much
secured room. Keys to the room are kept under control of cash officer and branch in charge.
The amount of opening cash balance is entered into a register. After whole days’ transaction,
the surplus money remain in the cash counter is put back in the vault and known as the
closing balance. Money is received and paid in this section.
3.1.5 Accounts Section
In banking business transactions are done every day and these transactions are to be recorded
properly and systematically as the banks deal with the depositors’ money. Any deviation in
proper recording may hamper public confidence and the bank has to suffer a lot. Improper
recording of transactions will lead to the mismatch in the debit side and credit side. To avoid
these mishaps, the bank provides a separate department whose function is to check the
mistakes in passing vouchers or wrong entries or fraud or forgery. This department is called
Accounts Department.
Besides these, the branch has to prepare some internal statements as well as some statutory
statements, which are to be submitted to the Central Bank and the Head Office. This
department prepares all these statements.
3.2 Loans and Advances
In BASIC Bank Ltd., Loans and advances consist of industrial loans, commercial loans, micro
credit and bills increased 22.48 percent to Tk. 27,269.13 million compared to Tk. 22,263.63
million in 2007.
3.2.1 Industrial Credit:
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BASIC Bank Limited
BASIC Bank's services are directed towards the entrepreneurs in the small industries sector. A
small industry, as per Industrial policy 1999 approved by the Cabinet, has been defined as an
industrial undertaking whose total fixed investment is less than Tk.100 million.
The industrial loan reflected a significant growth of 23.91 percent over the previous year.
Total outstanding industrial loans including term and working capital stood at Taka
17,226.40 million at the end of 2008 compared to Taka 13,901.40 million of 2007. Total
outstanding term loan stood at Taka 6,206.75 million as on December 31, 2008
compared to Taka 5,055.58 million in 2007 reflecting a growth of 22.77 percent. The
outstanding working capital finance extended to industrial units stood at Taka 11,784.08
million at the end of the reporting period compared to Taka 9,525.98 million in 2007. Growth
rate here was 23.70 percent. BASIC Bank's services are specially directed towards
promotion and development of small industries. Its exposure to small and medium
industries sector accounted for 56.52 percent of the total loans and advances. During the
year total of 87 projects were sanctioned term loan. Out of which 26 were new and the rest
were under BMRE of the existing projects. As on 31 December 2008, 801 projects were in
the portfolio of the bank. The textile sector including garments being one of the major
contributors to national economy dominated the loan portfolio of the Bank. Other sectors
financed include engineering; food and allied industries; chemicals, pharmaceuticals and
allied industries; paper, board, printing and packaging; glass; ceramic; and other non-metallic
goods and jute products. Recovery rate of project loan was 90.81 percent.
3.2.2 Commercial Credit:
The Bank also supports development of trade, business and other commercial activities in the
country. It covers the full range of services to the exporters and importers extending various
facilities such as cash credit, export cash credit, packing credit, short term loans, local and
foreign bills purchase facilities. As on December31, 2008 total outstanding commercial loans
stood at Taka9, 278.26 million compared to Taka 7,681.74 million in 2007.
3.2.3 Micro Credit:
BASIC Bank launched a Micro Credit Scheme in 1994. Micro Credit Scheme provides for the
poor for generation of employment and income on a sustainable basis particularly in urban
and suburban areas. The Bank follows three systems of credit delivery. At the end of 2008,
total amount of Taka 764.46 million remained outstanding as against Taka 680.13 million in
2007. Recovery rate during this period remained at a satisfactory level of 98.00 percent.
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BASIC Bank Limited
3.3 Foreign Exchange
The bank achieved substantial growth in export in 2008 and the performance of the bank in
import business was also satisfactory. The Bank handled total export business of Taka
27,359.77 million and import business of Taka 22,270.87 million in 2008. The export and
import business grew by 28.65 percent and 32.60 percent respectively. Major items of exports
were garments, jute products, textile, leather etc. Items of import included mainly industrial
raw materials, garments accessories, capital machinery, food items and other essential
commodities.
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BASIC Bank Limited
The Bank became a proud member of SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial
Telecommunication) that would pave the way to achieving uninterrupted communication
related to banking for international trade. Business and fund transfer.
Chapter # 04
Credit Operating System of BASIC Bank Ltd.
Contents: Page No.

4.1 Functions of Credit Administration Department 27
4.2 Basic Principles of Loans & Advances in BASIC Bank 28-29
4.3 Lending Criteria 29
4.4 Eligibility of the client for Loans and Advances 30
4.5 Definition and Explanation of Credit Facilities 30-32
4.6 Credit Facilities -BASIC Bank Ltd. 33
4.7 Loans Categories 34
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BASIC Bank Limited
4.8 Securities 34
4.9 Modes of Security 34-35
4.10 Charge Documents 35-36
4.11 Loan Sanctioning Procedure of BASIC 36
4.12 Explanation of Loan Sanctioning Procedure 36-42
4.13 Credit Monitoring 42
4.14 Sector Wise Distribution of Loans in BASIC 43
4.15 Advances to Industrial Sector 43
4.16 Geographic Location-wise Loans and Advances 44
4.17 ValuationFunctions
of Securitiesof Credit Administration 44-45
4.18 Definition of Credit Risk Grading (CRG)
Department 45
4.19 Functions of Credit Risk Grading 45
4.20 Use of Credit Risk Grading 46
4.21 Number and Short Name of Grades Used in the CRD 46
4.22 Credit Risk Grading Definitions 47-49
4.23 Principal Risk Components of Credit 49-50
4.24 Ratio Analysis asCustodian
per CRGM 50-51 Compliance
Disbursement Monitoring
eeeeeeee
4.25 Ratio Analysis Done by BASIC Bank Limited 51
4.26 Credit Recovery 51
4.27
Approval from Credit Recovery RateSecurity
Obtaining Conditions & Covenant 52Returns to BB, CIB
CRM 4.28 Documentation Breach Monitoring Reporting, default
Classification of Loan as per 52list circulation.
approval
4.29 Classified Loan of BASIC Bank Ltd. 53
4.30 Rescheduling Monitoring of Past Due, 53-54
Completion of 4.31
Security Safely Storing
Default Borrower Limit, Expiry & 54-55Maintain BB Circulars
Documentation Loan/Security Documents & ensure compliance
4.32 Legal Action (fire-proof) Documents Deficiency55-56 by all Depts.
4.1 Functions of Credit Administration Department
Ensure adherence to approved Periodic Review of Audit, Internal/BB Ensure all values,
terms & other requirements Documentation * Inspection Compliance lawyers, insurers are
before disbursement. approved, enlisted &
their performance are
reviewed periodically
Ensure Collateral is
Limit Creation & Complying Insured & Properly
Disbursement Check List
Valued.
Disbursement
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BASIC Bank Limited
4.2 Basic Principles of Loans & Advances in BASIC Bank
1. Aggregate loans and advances shall not exceed the Bank’s net worth or 65% of customers
deposit whichever is lower (excluding loans and advances covered by specific counter -
finance arrangements).
2. Within the aggregate limit of loans and advances as mentioned in (1) above 50% of lending
will be small industry sector in accordance with prescribed norms of the government and the
Central Bank in terms of the banks objectives with 50% to the commercial sector. No term
loans will be approved for the commercial sector. Exceptions will be rare and will require
approval of the Executive Committee.
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BASIC Bank Limited
3. All lending will be adequately secured with acceptable security and margin requirement as
laid down by the Head office credit committee.
4. The bank shall not incur any uncovered foreign exchange risk (currency exposure) in the
lending of funds.
5. The Bank shall not incur any risk of exposure in respect of unmatched rates of Interest of
funding of loans and advances beyond 15% of outstanding loans and Advances.
6. End - Use of working capital facilities will be closely monitored to ensure lending used for
the purpose for which they were advanced
7. Country risk in loans and advances will be accurately identified and shall be within the
country limits if any approved for the bank.
The same treatment will be given to country risk arising out of contingent liabilities relating
to Letters of credit and letters of guarantee.
8. Loans and advances shall be normally funded from customers’ deposits of a permanent
nature, and not out of short-term temporary funds of borrowings from other banks or through
short-term money market operations.
9. The aggregate outstanding loans and advances (excluding loans advances covered by
specific counter – finance arrangement) shall be dispersed according to the following
guidelines (subject to item above whereby 50% of lending being to small industry sector)
10. Spreads over cost of funds on loans and advances and commissions and fees on other
transactions should be commensurate with the rating of the borrower, quality or risk and the
prevailing market conditions.
11. Credit risk evaluation will include an accurate appraisal of risk in any credit exposure is
highly subjective matter involving quantitative and qualitative judgments. The financial
statements of the borrower do not always provide a complete picture of the borrower.
Therefore the bank has to use all financial data available and combine this with a number of
qualitative factors analyzing the borrower’s financial position.
4.3 Lending Criteria
4.3.1Entrepreneur:
Entrepreneur / promoter have to be creditworthy and competent enough to run the proposed
industry.
4.3.2Viability of the Project:
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BASIC Bank Limited
The project should be viable from organizational, technical, commercial, financial and
economic points of view.
a. Technical Viability:
• The project should be technically sound and environment-friendly.

• Technology transfer in case of borrowed know-how ought to be ensured.
• Building should be well planned and well constructed.
b. Commercial Viability:
• Market prospect and potential for the product has to be fully assured at competitive
prices.
• Marketing channel for the product should be accessible to the entrepreneur.
c. Financial Viability:
• There should be reasonable debt equity ratio as determined by the Bank on individual
case basis.
• Debt service coverage ratio should be at least 2.5 times at the optimum level of
production.
• IRR should preferably be not less than 20 percent.
d. Economic Viability:
The project should ensure benefit to the national economy and create sufficient employment
opportunity and be environment friendly.
4.4 Eligibility of the client for Loans and Advances
Confidential reports are prepared on the Loans and Advances client and information
contained therein is substantiated by-
• Customer’s declaration of liabilities.

• Client’s status report from other banks of the locality.
• Credit references from third parties, as far as practicable.
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BASIC Bank Limited
• Cash flow, personal net worth statements and financial accounts obtained and
evaluated where applicable.
• Updated valuation of securities taken as collateral.
• Monthly declarations of trading inventory and receivables duly signed.
• Working capital assessment where applicable.
• Purpose of Loans and Advances/Facility.
• CIB Report obtained.
4.5 Definition and Explanation of Credit Facilities
Loans and Advances include Cash Credit, Overdraft on Current Accounts, Loans against
Imported Merchandise, Term loan etc. Foreign Currency Loans extended by the Banks to the
domestic economic sectors should also be included here.
4.5.1 Nature of Advances:
4.5.1.1 Direct Facilities (Funded):
i. Cash Credit:
Cash Credit or continuing credit is those which form continuous debits and credits up to a
limit and have an expiration date. A service charge which in effect an interest charge is
normally made as a percentage of the value of purchases. These credits may be of the nature
of pledged and/or hypothecated and banks should report these in separate heads incorporated
under the main head Cash Credit. a detailed explanation of pledge and hyphenation is given
below:
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BASIC Bank Limited
a. Cash Credit against Pledge:
Under this arrangement a cash credit is sanctioned against pledge of goods or raw- materials.
By signing the letter of pledge, the borrower surrenders the physical possession of the goods
under the banks effective control as security for payment of bank dues. The ownership of the
goods, however, remains with the borrower. The pledge creates an implied lien in favour of
the bank on the underlying merchandise. In the event of failure of the borrower to honour his
commitment the bank can sell the goods for recovery of the advance. No collateral security is
normally asked for granted of such credit.
b. Cash Credit against Hypothecation:

Under this arrangement a cash credit is sanctioned against hypothecation of the raw materials
or finished goods. the letter of hypothecation creates a charge against the goods in favour of
the bank but neither the ownership nor its possession is passed on to it; only a right or interest
in the goods is created in favour of the bank and the borrower binds himself to give
possession of the goods to the bank when called upon to do so. When the possession is
handed over, the charge is converted into pledge. This type of facility is generally given to the
reputed borrowers of undoubted integrity.
ii. Overdrafts:
A loan facility on a customer’s current account at a bank permitting him to overdraw up to a
certain agreed limit for an agreed period. The terms of the loan are normally that it is
repayable on demand or at the expiration date of the agreement.
iii. Loan against imported merchandise (LIM/LTR):

This is a loan facility up to a satisfactory limit to the traders/customers by a bank against
security of the value of the imported merchandise. The item also includes loan against Trust
Receipts.
iv. PAD/BLC/BE:
A loan facility provided by the banks to the customers against documents/bills.
v. Demand loan:
The demand loan is such type of loan the repayment of which is required to be made after a
formal notice is given to the borrower by the bank.
vi. Export credit:

All advance facilities provided to the exporters by the banks other than cash credit.
vii. Term loan:
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BASIC Bank Limited
A bank advance for a specific period repaid with interest under fixed schedules. The term
loans may be as follows.
Term Loan Duration
i. Short term Up to and including 12 months.
ii. Medium term More than 12 months up to and including 60

months.
iii. Long term More than 60 months.
viii. Other:
Any loan that does not fall in any of the above facilities is considered as “other”. Blocked
/Segregated continuing credits (pledge, hypothecation or overdraft) when re-scheduled by the
banks for payments over a number of periods should also be reported against the head “other”
4.5.1.2 Indirect facilities (non-funded):
i. Guarantee:
A credit facility is contingent liabilities form extended by the banks to their clients for
participation in development work like supply of goods and services.
ii. Letter of credit:
A credit facility in contingent liabilities form provided to the clients by the banks for
import/procurement of goods/ services.
4.6 Credit Facilities -BASIC Bank Ltd.
Credit facilities offered to various industries by BASIC Bank Ltd.
A. Working Cash Credit (Hypothecation), Cash Credit (Pledge), Secured

Capital Overdraft (SOD)
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BASIC Bank Limited
B. Term Loan Term Loan (T/L), Short Term Loan (STL)
C. Trade Finance Loan against Trust Receipt, Loan against Merchandise,

Packing Credit, Letter of Credit, Issuance of Bank Guarantee,
Foreign Export Bill Purchased, Local Export bill Purchased,
Local Import bill Purchased, Payment against Documents.
Credit Facilities Interest Rate Recovery Rate
A. Working Capital:
Cash Credit (Hypothecation) 9%-10% p.a
Secured Overdraft (SOD) 10%-12% p.a
B. Term Loan:
Term Loan (T/L) 9%-11% p.a 88%
Short Term Loan (STL) 9%-12% p.a
C. Trade Finance:
Export Cash Credit 7% p.a
Packing Credit 7% p.a
Loan against Trust Receipt 10%-12% p.a
Payment against Documents. 10%-12% p.a
Loan against imported Merchandise 10%-12% p.a
4.7 Loans Categories
Loans Categories:
 Term Loan  Issuance of Bank Guarantee
 Cash Credit (Hypothecation)  Foreign Export Bill Purchased
 Cash Credit (Pledge)  Local Export bill Purchased
 Secured Overdraft (SOD)  Local Import bill Purchased
 Loan against Trust Receipt  Payment against Documents
 Loan against Merchandise  House Building Loan
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BASIC Bank Limited
 Packing Credit  Staff Consumer Credit Scheme

 Letter of Credit  BASIC Kalayani
4.8 Securities
To make the loan secured, charging sufficient security on the credit facilities is very
important. The banker cannot afford to take the risk of non-recovery of the money lent.
BASIC Bank Limited charges the following two types of security:
Primary security: Primary security is that security which is regarded as the prime cover for
an advance and is ordinarily tender by the borrower e.g. Hypothecation of goods. It is
considered as main security.
Collateral security: Collateral security means additional /subsidy or secondary security as

opposite to prime security i.e. land & building.
4.9 Modes of Security
There are different modes of security are exercised by the BASIC Bank Limited:
i. Pledge:
Pledge is the bailment of the goods as security for payment of a debt or performance of a
promise. A pledge may be in respect of goods including stocks and share as well as
documents of title to goods such as railway receipt, bills of lading, dock warrants etc. duly
endorsed in bank’s favor.
ii. Hypothecation:
In case of hypothecation, the possession and the ownership of the goods both rest the
borrower. The borrower to the banker creates an equitable charge on the security. The
borrower does this by executing a document known as Agreement of Hypothecation in favor
of the lending bank.
iii. Lien:
Lien is the right of the banker to retain the goods of the borrower until the loan is repaid. The
bankers’ lien is general lien. A banker can retain all securities in his possession till all claims
against the concern person are satisfied.
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BASIC Bank Limited
iv. Mortgage:
According to section (58) of the Transfer of Property Act,1882 mortgage is the ‘’transfer of
an interest in specific immovable property for the purpose of securing the payment of money
advanced or to be advanced by way of loan, existing or future debt or the performance of an
engagement which may give rise to a pecuniary liability”. In this case the mortgagor does not
transfer the ownership of the specific immovable property to the mortgagee, only transfers
some of his rights as an owner. The banker exercises the equitable mortgage.
4.10 Charge Documents
The following charge documents are required to secure loans and advances. All of these
documents must be stamped and duly signed by the party to secure the bank’s loans and
advances.
1. Disbursement Request
2. Balance Confirmation
3. D.P. Note Delivery Letter
4. Promissory Note (I)
5. Promissory Note (We)
6. Promissory Note (For Limited Co.)
7. Letter of Continuity
8. Letter of Arrangement
9. Hypothecation of Goods
10. Hypothecation of Machinery
11. Trust Receipt
12. Revival Letter Form-I
13. Revival Letter Form-II
14. Memorandum of Deposit of Title Deed
15. Letter of Guarantee
16. Letter of Counter Guarantee
17. General Hypothecation of Negotiable Instrument.
18. Letter of Hypothecation (Bill)
19. Letter of Authority
20. Letter of Disclaimer
21. Letter of Lien for Advances against Shares, Stock and Securities.
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BASIC Bank Limited
22. Letter of Lien and Authority for Advances against Fixed Deposits/ FCY Deposits/ Call
Deposit / Special deposits Or Margin deposits.
23. Letter of Lien and Authority for Advances to Third Parties against Fixed Deposits/
Call Deposit / Special deposits Or Margin Deposits.
24. Letter of Ownership
25. Partnership Letter
26. Pledge of Goods To Secure A Demand Cash Credit.
27. Promissory Note ( We Jointly & Severally )
28. Undertaking & Declaration.
4.11 Loan Sanctioning Procedure of BASIC Bank
Loan application
Loan processing
Sending HO for approval
4. Receiving Sanction Letter

Documentation
Disbursement
4.12 Explanation of Loan Sanctioning Procedure
4.12.1 Loan application:
After filling up loan application, the following information to be furnished with application
form:
• Copy of Business Registration / Company Incorporation Certificate.
• In the case of a Limited Liability Company, copy of Memorandum and Article of

Association duly certified by the Chairman or the Secretary of the Company
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BASIC Bank Limited
• Copy of certified lease Agreement in the case of existing leasehold premises.
• Details of existing machinery / equipment / vehicles etc. (such as name, make,

installed capacity, date of purchase and purchase price.)
• If a land is proposed to be purchased or taken in a lease, a copy of the letter from the
vendor, or lessor confirming his agreement to sell or lease indicating land extent and
expected price.
• Approved plans and priced BOQs (detailed cost estimate) for proposed buildings
• Proforma invoices / Quotations from at least two suppliers with catalogues for
proposed machinery (if the value of machinery exceeds US dollar 50,000.00, three
alternative quotations should be submitted).
• Cost estimate from relevant authority on power supply and its confirmation on ability
to provide the required load.
• In the case of an existing business please submit financial statements like Current
Assets, Fixed Assets, Liabilities and Net Worth for the past three years
• In the case of loan requested against mortgage of land, a recent mouza, site plan
depicting the allotment of land and copy of original title deed of transfer, Mutation
Certificate.
• Additional information of Owner / Partners / Directors separately
• In the case of loan exceeding Tk. 40.00 lac profitability forecast for three years.
• Letter of Authorization to the Banker in respect of all accounts held by the Business
concern and Owner / Partners / Directors with other Banks
• Copy of letter issued by the Ministry / Department of Environment if any confirming

that measures have been taken to prevent industrial pollution.
4.12.2 Loan processing:
The following List of documents required for processing a loan proposal:
Applicant:
1. Application for loan
2. Photocopy of passport/citizenship certificate (Proprietor/ M. D. /Director(s))
3. Photographs 4 copies of each (Proprietor/ M. D. /Director(s)) duly attested by
MD/Chairman/1st Class Gazetted officer
4. Voter ID card (both sides) attested photocopy
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BASIC Bank Limited
5. Asset and wealth statement (from income tax file) (Proprietor/ M. D. /Director(s))
6. Signed Letter of undertaking (for CIB) (Proprietor/ M. D. /Director(s))
7. Charge documents
Company/Firm:
8. Memorandum and Article of Association

9. Certificate of Incorporation
10. Minutes of Board Resolution
a. For obtaining loan from BASIC bank Ltd., Bangshal Branch
b. For renewal of existing loan
c. Opening account
d. Authorized person to operate account
11. Stock Report up dated
12. Purchase/Production and Sales Statement month wise for one year
13. Form 117 duly signed (share transfer)
14. Form XII – List of directors duly collected from RJSC
15. Form XV – Allotment of shares duly collected from RJSC
16. Share Certificate (if issued)
17. List of existing machinery (name, brand, nos, origin, purchase price, , year of
purchase, written down value)
18. Audited Financial Statements
19. No demand certificates from the company for income tax
20. Charge documents
21. Any audit compliance
Government:
22. Up-to-date trade license (City Corporation)

23. TIN Certificate of the Company
24. VAT Registration Certificate
25. TIN certificate of each Director
26. Certificate from environment department
27. Certificate from Chief explosive inspection department (Explosive items, Boiler etc.)
28. NOC from roads and highway (will not be acquired by Govt/R&H to widen road)
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BASIC Bank Limited
29. NOC from Traffic Engineering Department, Dhaka City Corporation

30. NOC/Approval for gas line connection
31. NOC/Approval for electric line connection
32. NOC/Approval from City Planning Department, RAJUK
33. NOC/Approval from Dhaka Metropolitan Police Department
34. NOC from Fire Service and Civil Department
35. Utility bill (attested photocopy latest) (Electricity, Gas, Water)
36. Permission/NOC from local authority (factory purpose)
37. Member certificate from chambers of industries/Association
38. Up-to-date rent receipt of all the properties held under mortgage with BASIC bank
limited
39. Municipal/city corporation Tax receipt
40. Registration of board of investment (export oriented)
41. No demand certificates from authority (income tax, Gas, Electricity, water)
42. up-to-date IRC, ERC renewal photocopy
43. Tenancy agreement
44. Project profile (New loan)
45. List of machinery with Pro-forma invoice (to be imported), or agreement (to be
procured locally)
46. Details construction cost estimate
4.12.3 Sending HO for approval:
After processing loan proposal Forwarding is sent to the Head Office for approval. The
following information is enclosed with Forwarding:
 Client’s Request letter
 Credit Line Proposal (CLP)
 Production and sales report
 Stock Report
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BASIC Bank Limited
 Account statement
 CIB report
4.12.4 Receiving Sanction Letter from Head Office:
In this stag, branch receives sanction letter form head office where Loan Amount is
sanctioned by Bank Management. In sanction letter the following terms and conditions are
mentioned:
 The Nature of Facilities

 Security
 Other Terms and Conditions
4.12.5 Documentation:
It is essential that the proposal define clearly the purpose of the facility, the sources of
repayment, the agreed repayment schedule security and the customer relationship
considerations implicit in the credit decision.
Where security is to be accepted as collateral for the facility all documentation relating to the
security shall be in the approved form.
All approval procedures and required documentation shall be completed and all securities
shall be in place, prior to the disbursement of the facilities. General documentations as require
for different kinds of advance are enumerated below. There may be requirement of specific
banking or legal documents to secure a credit according to sanction terms and conditions,
which should also be obtained in addition to the following:
A) Loan
 D.P Note
 Letter of partnership (in case of partnership concerns) or resolution the Board of
Director (in case Limited Companies)
 Letter of arrangement
 Letter of disbursement
 Letter of Pledge (in case pledge of goods)
 Letter of hypothecation (in case of hypothecation of goods)
 Trust receipts
 Letter of lien and ownership/share transfer form (in case advance shares)
 Letter of lien for packing credits (in case of packing credit
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BASIC Bank Limited
 Letter f lien and transfer authority

 Legal documents for mortgage of property (as drafted by legal Advisor)
 Copy of scansion letter mentioning details of terms & conditions duly acknowledge by
the borrower.
B) Overdrafts
 D.P. Note
 Letter of partnership (in case of partnership concerns) or Resolution of the Board of
Directors (in case of Limited companies)
 Letter of continuity
 Letter of lien
 Letter of lien and ownership/share transfer form (in case of advance against shares)
 Letter of lien and transfer authority
 Legal documents for mortgage of property
C) Cash Credit
 D.P Note
 Letter of partnership (in case of partnership concerns) or Resolution of the Board of
Directors (in case of limited companies)
 Letter of continuity
 Letter of Hypothecation {in case of cash credit (Hypo)}
 Letter of pledge/Agreement of pledge {in case of Cash Credit (pledge)
 Legal documents for mortgage of property (as drafted by legal Adviser)
D) Bill Purchased
 D. P. Note
 Letter of Partnership (In case of partnership concerns) or Resolution of the Directors
(in case of limited companies)
 Letter of Hypothecation of bill
 Letter of Acceptance, where it calls for acceptance by the drawee.
All required documents, as enumerated above, should be obtained before any loan is
disbursed. Disbursement of any credit facility requires approval of then sure, before
exercising such authority that all the required documentation has been completed.
4.12.6 Disbursement:
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BASIC Bank Limited
After completing all the necessary steps for sanctioning loans bank will create a loan account
by the name of the party and deposit the money to that account. Bank will give cheque books
to the party and advise them to draw the money and use it as soon as possible, because
whenever the money will transfer to the account interest will count from that time.
4.13 Credit Monitoring
To minimize credit losses, monitoring procedures and systems should be in place that
provides an early indication of the deteriorating financial health of a borrower. At a
minimum, systems should be in place to report the following exceptions to relevant
executives in CRM and RM team:
• Past due principal or interest payments, past due trade bills, account excesses, and
breach of loan covenants;
• Loan terms and conditions are monitored, financial statements are received on a
regular basis, and any covenant breaches or exceptions are referred to CRM and the
RM team for timely follow-up.
• Timely corrective action is taken to address findings of any internal, external or

regulator inspection/audit.
• All borrower relationships/loan facilities are reviewed and approved through the
submission of a Credit Application at least annually.
4.14 Sector Wise Distribution of Loans in BASIC
Loans and Advances consist of industrial loans, commercial loans, micro credit and bills
increased by 22.48 percent to Tk. 27269.13 million compared to Tk. 22263.34 million in 2007
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BASIC Bank Limited
4.15 Advances to Industrial Sector
As on 31 December 2008, 801 projects were in the portfolio of the BASIC bank. The textile
sector including garments being one of the major contributions to national economy
dominated the loan portfolio of the Bank. Other sectors financed include engineering; food
and allied industries; paper; board, printing and packaging; and other non-metallic goods,
leather and jute products. Recovery rate of project loan was 90.81 percent.
4.16 Geographic Location-wise Loans and Advances
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BASIC Bank Limited
4.17 Valuation of Securities
4.17.1 Valuation of goods:
a. Loan against Imported Merchandise (LIM):

LIM facility shall be allowed, as post-import finance against imported goods under our L/Cs.
LIM facility should not exceed invoice value net of L/C margin unless the Bank agrees to
finance duties VAT. However, where market price of the goods is lower than landed cost
necessary arrangement should be made with the customer should be additional deposit. The
price at which LIM goods to be released to customer should be approved by Head office or it
may be at market price or landed cost whichever is higher.
b. Cash Credit (Pledge):

Valuation of the goods to be pledged to the bank against cash credit (pledge) limit shall in no
cases exceed:
1. The landed cost or market prices whichever is lower in case of imported goods.
2. The ex-mill/factory price or market prices whichever is lower in case of domestically
manufactured commodities as evidenced by invoice.
3. The wholesale price/competitive marker price duly verified by the Branch and approved by
Head office.
4.17.2 Valuation of Collateral Security:
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BASIC Bank Limited
In case of taking mortgage of Land and Building as collateral security to secure banks
advances the following instructions should be meticulously followed by the branches:
1. The property should be physically inspected and verified jointly by 2 (two) Banks officers,
one of who should be the branch manager or the 2nd officer. A valuation certificate mentioning
market value and forced sale value should be prepared in the designated form supplied to
branches and to be jointly signed by the above mentioned 2(two) inspecting officers of the
bank. The forced sale value of the collateral Security will have to be 1.5 times higher than the
facility/facilities allowed unless specifically waived by the approving authority giving full
justification.
2. “A site plan” and “Map” along with 3r size distinct photographs of the mortgaged property
covering full exposure from 3 angles mentioning detailed particulars on the back of the
photographs duly authenticated by the authorized officer to be obtained by the branches.
3. It should be ensured that the collateral security is in the physical possession of the
mortgagor and the mortgagor owner has/have valid title over it.
4. A certificate from the Banks lawyer to be obtained that the mortgage formality has been
property created. of Credit Risk Grading (CRG)
4.18 Definition
• The Credit Risk Grading (CRG) is a collective definition based on the pre-specified
scale and reflects the underlying credit-risk for a given exposure.
• A Credit Risk Grading deploys a number/ alphabet/ symbol as a primary summary

indicator of risks associated with a credit exposure.
• Credit Risk Grading is the basic module for developing a Credit Risk Management
system.
4.19 Functions of Credit Risk Grading
Well-managed credit risk grading systems promote bank safety and soundness by facilitating
informed decision-making. Grading systems measure credit risk and differentiate individual
credits and groups of credits by the risk they pose. This allows bank management and
examiners to monitor changes and trends in risk levels. The process also allows bank
management
4.20 Use oftoCredit
manage Risk
risk toGrading
optimize returns.
46
BASIC Bank Limited
• The Credit Risk Grading matrix allows application of uniform standards to credits to
ensure a common standardized approach to assess the quality of individual obligor,
credit portfolio of a unit, line of business, the branch or the Bank as a whole.
• As evident, the CRG outputs would be relevant for individual credit selection, wherein
either a borrower or a particular exposure/facility is rated. The other decisions would
be related to pricing (credit-spread) and specific features of the credit facility. These
would largely constitute obligor level analysis.
• Risk grading would also be relevant for surveillance and monitoring, internal MIS and
assessing the aggregate risk profile of a Bank. It is also relevant for portfolio level
4.21 analysis.
Number and Short Name of Grades Used in the CRD
• The proposed CRG scale consists of 8 categories with Short names and Numbers are
provided as follows:
GRADING SHORT NAME NUMBER

Superior SUP 1
Good GD 2
Acceptable ACCPT 3
Marginal/Watch list MG/WL 4
Special Mention SM 5
Sub standard SS 6
Doubtful DF 7
Bad & Loss BL 8
4.22 Credit Risk Grading Definitions
A clear definition of the different categories of Credit Risk Grading is given as follows:
47
BASIC Bank Limited
• Superior - (SUP) - 1
⇒ Credit facilities, which are fully secured i.e. fully cash covered.
⇒ Credit facilities fully covered by government guarantee.
⇒ Credit facilities fully covered by the guarantee of a top tier international Bank.
• Good - (GD) - 2
⇒ Strong repayment capacity of the borrower
⇒ The borrower has excellent liquidity and low leverage.
⇒ The company demonstrates consistently strong earnings and cash flow.
⇒ Borrower has well established, strong market share.
⇒ Very good management skill & expertise.
⇒ All security documentation should be in place.
⇒ Credit facilities fully covered by the guarantee of a top tier local Bank.
⇒ Aggregate Score of 85 or greater based on the Risk Grade Score Sheet
• Acceptable - (ACCPT) - 3
⇒ These borrowers are not as strong as GOOD Grade borrowers, but still
demonstrate consistent earnings, cash flow and have a good track record.
⇒ Borrowers have adequate liquidity, cash flow and earnings.
⇒ Credit in this grade would normally be secured by acceptable collateral (1st
charge over inventory / receivables / equipment / property).
⇒ Acceptable management
⇒ Acceptable parent/sister company guarantee
⇒ Aggregate Score of 75-84 based on the Risk Grade Score Sheet
• Marginal/Watch list - (MG/WL) - 4
⇒ This grade warrants greater attention due to conditions affecting the borrower,
the industry or the economic environment.
⇒ These borrowers have an above average risk due to strained liquidity, higher
than normal leverage, thin cash flow and/or inconsistent earnings.
⇒ Weaker business credit & early warning signals of emerging business credit
detected.
⇒ The borrower incurs a loss
⇒ Loan repayments routinely fall past due
⇒ Account conduct is poor, or other untoward factors are present.
⇒ Credit requires attention
⇒ Aggregate Score of 65-74 based on the Risk Grade Score Sheet
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BASIC Bank Limited
• Special Mention - (SM) - 5

⇒ This grade has potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close
attention. If left uncorrected, these weaknesses may result in a deterioration
of the repayment prospects of the borrower.
⇒ Severe management problems exist.
⇒ Facilities should be downgraded to this grade if sustained deterioration
in financial condition is noted (consecutive losses, negative net worth,
excessive leverage),
⇒ An Aggregate Score of 55-64 based on the Risk Grade Score Sheet.
• Substandard - (SS) - 6
⇒ Financial condition is weak and capacity or inclination to repay is in
doubt.
⇒ These weaknesses jeopardize the full settlement of loans.
⇒ Bangladesh Bank criteria for sub-standard credit shall apply.
• Doubtful - (DF) - 7
⇒ Full repayment of principal and interest is unlikely and the possibility
of loss is extremely high.
⇒ However, due to specifically identifiable pending factors, such as
litigation, liquidation procedures or capital injection, the asset is not yet
classified as Bad & Loss.
⇒ Bangladesh Bank criteria for doubtful credit shall apply.
• Bad & Loss - (BL) - 8
⇒ Credit of this grade has long outstanding with no progress in obtaining
repayment or on the verge of wind up/liquidation.
⇒ Prospect of recovery is poor and legal options have been pursued.
⇒ Proceeds expected from the liquidation or realization of security may
be awaited. The continuance of the loan as a bankable asset is not warranted,
and the anticipated loss should have been provided for.
⇒ This classification reflects that it is not practical or desirable to defer
writing off this basically valueless asset even though partial recovery may be
affected in the future. Bangladesh Bank guidelines for timely write off of
bad loans must be adhered to. Legal procedures/suit initiated.
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BASIC Bank Limited
⇒ Bangladesh Bank criteria for bad & loss credit shall apply.
⇒ An Aggregate Score of less than 35 based on the Risk Grade Score
Sheet.
4.23 Principal Risk Components of Credit
Credit risk for counterparty arises from an aggregation of the following:
 Financial Risk
 Business/Industry Risk
 Management Risk
 Security Risk
 Relationship Risk
Each of the above mentioned key risk areas require be evaluating and aggregating to arrive
at an overall risk grading measure.
a) Evaluation of Financial Risk:

Risk that counterparties will fail to meet obligation due to financial distress. This
typically entails analysis of financials i.e. analysis of leverage, liquidity, profitability &
interest coverage ratios. To conclude, this capitalizes on the risk of high leverage, poor
liquidity, low profitability & insufficient cash flow.
b) Evaluation of Business/Industry Risk:

Risk that adverse industry situation or unfavorable business condition will impact
borrowers’ capacity to meet obligation. The evaluation of this category of risk looks at
parameters such as business outlook, size of business, industry growth, market
competition & barriers to entry/exit. To conclude, this capitalizes on the risk of failure
due to low market share & poor industry growth.
c) Evaluation of Management Risk:

Risk that counterparties may default as a result of poor managerial ability including
experience of the management, its succession plan and team work.
d) Evaluation of Security Risk:

Risk that the bank might be exposed due to poor quality or strength of the security in
case of default. This may entail strength of security & collateral, location of collateral
and support.
e) Evaluation of Relationship Risk:

These risk areas cover evaluation of limits utilization, account performance,
conditions/covenants compliance by the borrower and deposit relationship.
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BASIC Bank Limited
4.24 Ratio Analysis as per CRGM Serving People for Progress
As per CRGM the Ratios are broadly presented into Six (6) categories & thirty (30) numbers
of Ratios.
Growth Ratios(6): Sales Growth, Sales % =

Net Sales Growth, Composite % =
Net Income Growth, % =
Total Assets Growth, % =
Total Liabilities Growth, % =
Net Worth Growth, % =
Profitability Ratios(11) : Gross Margin, Composite % =
SG & A, % =
Cushion (Gross Margin-SG & A), % =
Depreciation, Amortization, % =
Operating Profit Margin, % =
Interest Expense, % =
Operating Margin, % =
Net Margin, % =
Return on Assets, % =
Return on Equity, % =
Cash withdrawal/ Dividend payout rate, % =
Coverage Ratios(2) : Interest Coverage (EBIT/Total Interest) =
Debt Service Coverage (EBITDA/Total Interest +CMLTD) =
Activity Ratios(4) : Receivables in days
Payables in days
Inventory in days
Sales/Total Assets (x)
Liquidity Ratios (4): Working Capital
Quick Ratio (x)
Current Ratio (x)
Sales / Net Working Capital (x)
Leverage Ratios (3): Total Liabilities / Net Worth (x)
Affiliate Exposure / Net worth (%)
Total Liabilities / (Net Worth – Affiliates) (x)
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BASIC Bank Limited
4.25 Ratio Analysis Done by BASIC Bank
The following Ratios are calculated by BASIC Bank LTD. to determine the CRG:
a. Leverage Ratio
b. Profitability Ratio
c. Coverage Ratio
d.4.26
Liquidity
CreditRatio
Recovery
The RU’s primary functions are:
 Determine Account Action Plan/Recovery Strategy

 Pursue all options to maximize recovery, including placing customers into
receivership or liquidation as appropriate.
 Ensure adequate and timely loan loss provisions are made based on actual and
expected losses.
 Regular review of grade 6 or worse accounts.
4.27 Credit Recovery Rate
During 2008, the recovery rate of sector loan of BASIC Bank Ltd. was at a highly satisfactory
level.
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BASIC Bank Limited
4.28 Classification of Loan
Loan may be classified in three categories. These are:
 Sub-Standard (SS)
 Doubtful (DF)
 Bad & Loss (BL)
a. Sub-standard (SS):
If the installment is not paid for 6 months and above are categories as SS.
b. Doubtful (DF):
If the installments are not paid for more than six months but less than one year are classified
as DF.
c. Bad & Loss:

If the installments are not paid for one year and more are classified as bad.
4.29 Classified Loan of BASIC Bank Ltd.
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BASIC Bank Limited
4.30 Rescheduling
The term “Rescheduling” has now become a common word in the banking scenario of the
loan recovery measured resorted to by the banks for recovery/adjustment of the
overdue/stuck-up loans and advances. The term rescheduling means that upon written
application by a loan defaulter, bank allows extension of repayment time with a specific
repayment schedule for adjustment to the outstanding defaulted loan by monthly installment s
of specified fixed amounts or by lump-sum payment, usually with interest.
For “Rescheduling” purpose, Bangladesh Bank has set the following guidelines for the
scheduled Banks, which are being observed by all banks:
 The issue of waiver/remission of interest for the purpose of rescheduling of the

overdue outstanding loan is to be decided by the financing Banks themselves. And
consequently, for consideration of such matter, the rate of the down payment may be
decided on case-to-case basis by the banks themselves, at their own discretions. But
the down payment must be 5% but not less than 50 lac of the overdue outstanding
amount, under any circumstances.
 The matter relation to rescheduling of the installments during the validity of the
repayment period will be decided by the banks at their own discretion and on the basis
of banker-customer relationship.
 The repayment schedule to be submitted by the borrower should be realistic and

logical. Banks should also ensure whether adequate securities are held against the
rescheduled outstanding loan.
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BASIC Bank Limited
 Bangladesh Bank in the decent bankers meeting also resolved the rescheduling facility
that should not allowed for more than twice, avoiding the delaying tactics to the loan
defaulters in repayment of the bank dues.
Since the rescheduling proposal (s) are required to be approved by the Banks competent
authority (head /board of Directors) individually, branches should forward all such
rescheduling proposals, as submitted by the borrowers with their recommendation/comments,
in a case to case basis of head office, for consider.
4.31 Default Borrower
There are two types of Default borrower:
4.29.1 Business Defaulter:
There are some reasons behind Business Defaulter in BASIC Bank Ltd.
 Decreasing sales
 Decreasing production etc.
4.29.2 Willful Defaulter:
There are some reasons behind the Willful default borrower:
Tendency of nonpayment:
It is the most common characteristics of default borrowers of BASIC. Almost 70 percent of
default borrowers of BASIC tend to avoid repaying loan.
Frequent manipulation in financial statements:

The main objective of this manipulation is deceit the lender before and the sanction of loans.
Before sanction borrowers submit inflated figures of projected cash flow to convince the
lender that the business is profitable. But after getting the loan they try to show the gloomy
picture of the market and economy.
Bad securities offered to bank and their over valuation:

Inexperience in the business tends to exercise external influence to get the credit approval.
Some of the default borrowers of BASIC, got credit against such projects in which they had
no previous experience.
Usually evade bank’s call to contact and communicate:
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BASIC Bank Limited
BASIC is always first to communicate with default borrowers by letters and telephone calls.
But borrowers even do not bother to respond to those. Sometimes BASIC has to urge them
respond to those. Sometimes BASIC has to urge them for rescheduling their loans.
Diversion of Funds to Non-Project Concerns:

It is one of the prime obligations of a bank to ensure that the funds advanced as loans to the
borrowers are spent for the purpose for which these are sanctioned. To make sure, monitoring,
follow-up and ends-use of the loan is a must. After a loan is disbursed, a branch should keep
regular follow-up for adjustment/performance by the client as per the sanction terms. But
alike other banks, BASIC’s clients are also engaged in diversion of funds.
4.32 Legal Action
Legal action being a very complicated and lengthy procedure, is the most extreme measure, or
so to loans and advances with the loan-defaulter before taking the last step i.e. legal action.
Before filling case in the court against the loan defaulter, BASIC makes serious follow-up
efforts with the client in the following way:
• Call on the client (borrower) and make verbal requests for adjustment of bank dues.
• Issuing of reminder letters requesting the client to arrange adjustment to submit

acceptable repayment schedule for adjustment/amicable settlement.
• Issuing of “Final Notice” giving 15/30 days time to the client with the request to of
arranging adjustment/ /acceptable repayment schedule for adjustment /amicable
settlement, mentioning in the notice the banks intention of initiating legal action in the
event of clients default.
• In case the client fails to respond to the “Final Notice” bank will request its lawyer
(Legal Adviser) to serve “Legal Notice” upon the loan defaulter. Accordingly, banks
lawyer will serve the formal “Legal Notice”, on behalf of the bank, upon the borrower
demanding adjustment of the entire bank dues with interest within 15/30 days from the
date of the notice and specifically mentioning that legal suit will be filed against the
borrower if the fails to comply with the legal notice.
• Thereafter, if the client (Loan-defaulter) fails to respond positively to the legal notice,
bank will finally arrange to file suit in court by paying the requisites court/fees
through the legal Adviser, paying for realization of the entire outstanding dues own by
the borrower to the bank.
• After promulgation of Banditry Act. 1997, Bankruptcy Courts have been establishes in
Dhaka and Chittagong. As per Bangladesh Banks directives/guidelines, BASIC Bank,
as well as other banks, has already filed a few suits in formal 90 (ninety) days notices
served upon the borrowers under Secton-9 (1) of the Bankruptcy Act.
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BASIC Bank Limited
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BASIC Bank Limited
Chapter # 05
Performance Analysis of BASIC bank Ltd.
Contents: Page No.

Trend Analysis:
5.1. Progress at a Glance (2000-2008) 58-59
5.2 Graphical Analysis of Financial Health 60-64
Ratio Analysis:
5.3 Graphical Analysis of Financial Ratio 65-66
5.4 BASIC Bank, Bangshal Branch at a Glance 67
5.5 Distribution of loans of the branch 68
5.6 SWOT Analysis 69
5.1 Progress at a Glance (2000-2008)
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BASIC Bank Limited
Progress at a glance 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004

From the Balance Sheet (Million Taka)
Authorized Capital 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00
Paid-up Capital 1309.77 1247.40 945.00 810.00 675.00
Reserve and Surplus 1681.39 1349.17 1294.00 916.14 816.23
Shareholders' Equity 2,982.60 2,596.58 2,239.00 1,726.14 1,491.23
Fixed Assets 228.36 196.11 154.52 135.78 101.41
46,651.53 38,773.91 29,417.09 27,136.37 19,436.57
Total Assets
38,368.23 31,947.98 24,084.65 22,325.58 15,509.18
Deposits
Long- term Debt 1708.4 1385.81 830.06 937.51 839.61
27,269.13 22,263.35 19,000.00 15,339.35 12,000.15
Loans and Advances
13,560.92 10,236.82
Placement & Investment 15,653.2 8,212.23 6,098.51
From the Income Statement (Million Taka)
Gross Income 5,060.29 3,549.51 2870.32 2,228.21 1768.85
Gross Expenditure 3,526.18 2,741.37 1,858.69 1,599.77 1,241.63
Profit before Tax 1534.11 808.14 1,011.62 628.44 527.22
Profit after Tax 549.95 282.96 554.14 285.49 291.48
Tax Paid (Cumulative) 3,538.09 2,790.98 2,245.16 1,777.70 1,434.76
Others (Million Taka)
27,359.77 21,266.57 17,804.27 14,094.96
Import Business 12,508
22,270.87 16,794.96 15,463.74 11,097.23
Export Business 7,908
Financial Ratios (Percentage)
Capital Adequacy Ratio 12.02 12.91 11.98 11.66 12.49
Capital Fund to Deposit
7.81 9.23 10.34 10.36 10.47
Liabilities
Liquid Assets to Deposit
47.70 49.10 40.42 58.01 50.36
Liabilities
Loan to Deposit Liabilities 71.07 69.69 78.89 69.74 77.37
Earning Assets to Deposit
114.69 109.70 112.99 114.56 116.70
Liabilities
After Tax Return on Average
1.30 .83 1.94 1.23 1.70
Assets
Net Profit to Gross Income 10.87 7.97 19.31 12.81 16.48
Interest Magin Cover 137.08 176.80 211.72 214.56 205.07
After Tax Return on Equity 19.68 11.70 27.82 17.75 21.27
SMI/SSI Loan and
Micro Credit to Total Loan 59.32 56.73 53.43 67.00 62.21
Number of Branches 31 30 28 27 27
Number of Employees 735 721 651 601 578
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BASIC Bank Limited
Progress at a glance 2003 2002 2001 2000

From the Balance Sheet (Million Taka)
Authorized Capital 2,000.00 500.00 500.00 500.00
Paid-up Capital 450.00 300.00 300.00 240.00
Reserve and Surplus 799.29 712.90 461.39 457.77
Shareholders' Equity 1,249.29 1,012.90 761.35 697.77
Fixed Assets 73.49 76.68 65.73 51.11
Total Assets 14,766.32 13,019.42 9,721.93 7730.67
Deposits 11,266.54 10,021.24 7,512.62 5,845.15
Long- term Debt 690.95 676.51 582.82 555.98
Loans and Advances 9,282.20 7,957.04 6,260.78 4,618.73
Placement & Investment 4,361.93 3,988.76 2,605.23 2,462.17
From the Income Statement (Million Taka)
Gross Income 1,290.66 1,290.66 1,041.76 877.48
Gross Expenditure 856.15 856.15 685.64 573.30
Profit before Tax 434.51 434.51 356.12 304.18
Profit after Tax 251.55 251.55 213.67 173.34
Tax Paid (Cumulative) 881.73 881.73 698.76 556.31
Others (Million Taka)
Import Business 1,558.52 8,645.00 7,542.80 7,948.00
Export Business 1,004.85 5,557.60 5,957.90 5,557.00
Financial Ratios
553.67
(Percentage)
Capital Adequacy Ratio 12.57 13.20 12.49 15.30
Capital Fund to Deposit
10.65 10.11 10.13 11.94
Liabilities
Liquid Assets to Deposit
51.05 54.80 51.47 59.52
Liabilities
Loan to Deposit Liabilities 82.39 79.40 83.34 79.02
Earning Assets to Deposit
121.10 119.20 118.01 117.74
Liabilities
After Tax Return on Average
1.70 2.20 2.45 2.33
Assets
Net Profit to Gross Income 15.17 19.35 20.51 19.75
Interest Magin Cover 210.87 187.00 173.91 150.67
After Tax Return on Equity 20.90 28.18 28.06 27.04
Small Scale Industries Loan and
Micro Credit to Total Loan 59.16 63.00 50.18 46.96
Number of Branches 26 26 25 25
Number of Employees 523 510 497 453
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BASIC Bank Limited
5.2 Graphical Analysis of Financial Health
Paid-up Capital:
Reserve and Surplus:
Shareholders’ Equity:
61
BASIC Bank Limited
Fixed Assets:
Total Assets:
Deposit:
62
BASIC Bank Limited
Long-Term Debt:
Loans and Advances:
Gross Income:
63
BASIC Bank Limited
Profit before Tax:
Profit after Tax:
Sustainable Growth Rate:
64
BASIC Bank Limited
Distribution of Value added:
Number of Branches:
Number of Employees:
65
BASIC Bank Limited
5.3 Graphical Analysis of Financial Ratios
Capital Adequacy Ratio:
Capital Fund to Deposit Liabilities:
Liquid Assets to Deposit Liabilities:
66
BASIC Bank Limited
Loan to Deposit Liabilities:
Net Profit to Gross Income:
After Tax Return on Equity:
67
BASIC Bank Limited
5.4 BASIC Bank, Bangshal Branch at a Glance
3 year’s comparative position of Deposit, Advance, Profit/Loss,

Classified loan & SMA
Descripti Position as on Position as on Position as on

on
31-12-2007 31-12-2008 11-10-2009
No. Amount in Taka. No. Amount in Taka. No. Amount in Taka.

of of of
A/C. A/C. A/C.
Deposit 1277 91,03,70,567 1192 130,10,04,878 1230 132,65,00,291
Advance 354 147,32,95,202 465 234,67,49,062 430 243,19,22,525
Import --- 270,84,59,568.4 --- 291,68,01,883 --- 236,89,72,917.35
Export --- 31,94,96,500.81 --- 93,28,72,875.03 --- 30,95,023.87
Profit/Loss --- 8,31,67,671 --- 9,60,00,191 --- 5,14,52,853
Classified 26 8,42,50,046 27 24,89,98,989 31 26,21,45,904

Loan
SMA 1 15,60,81,063 --- ---------------- 2 22,57,23,201
No. of 107 147,32,95,202 127 234,67,49,062 126 243,19,22,525

borrowers
No. of loan 354 147,32,95,202 465 234,67,49,062 430 243,19,22,525

A/Cs
5.5 Distribution of loans of the branch
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BASIC Bank Limited
SL.# Mode Amount in lac % of total loans of

Taka the branch
01. Industrial (SSI) 1686.29 6.93%
02. Industrial (MSI & 17903.13 73.62%
LSI)
03. Commercial 351.75 1.45%
(Medium & Large)

04. Commercial 3734.14 15.35%
Small Enterprise
05. Micro Credit 0.00 --
06. Consumer Finance 0.00 --
07. Staff loan 362.44 1.49%
08. Others 281.48 1.16%
Total 24319.23 100%
5.6 SWOT Analysis
I get the following Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) from my
practical observation in three months Internship Program, of BASIC Bank Ltd. as follows:
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BASIC Bank Limited
Strengths Weaknesses
1. Conservative approaches to reduce the risk of 1. The techniques specified for credit
classification. appraisal is not sufficient.
2. Assign adequate power to the top management 2. More dependency rests on government
to monitor credit operation sources for deposit mobilization.
3. Clearly specifies the documentation process to 3. Services offered are not adequate.
reduce the risk of classification.
4. Provide guideline to furnish loans only to 4. Small market in Banking-business.
small-scale industries for short time, which
minimizes hug loss.
5. Clearly defined measure in dealing with
foreign exchange transaction.
6. Strong procedure in selection of new borrower
Opportunities Treats
1. Suitable for small-scale business, this is 1. Not suitable for future competition in the
growing day by day. market.
2. Government and other International agencies 2. Major economic depression.
positive attitude toward low classification rate.
3. Opportunity to expand in business banking. 3. Govt. pressures to reduce interest rate
Chapter # 06
Concluding Chapter
Contents: Page No.

6.1 Findings 71
6.2 Recommendations 72-74
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BASIC Bank Limited
6.1 Findings
1. Aggregate Loans and advances are 79% of the total Deposit.
2. Approximately 77% of the loans and advances have been given to small and cottage
industries:
3. Head Office of the bank is monitoring all kind of loans and advances.
4. Branch managers are fully liable for the selection of the borrower.
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BASIC Bank Limited
5. Continuous monitoring of the working capital facilities are ensured by the inspection of the
stocks.
6. Conservative approach is taken to avoid any kind of foreign exchange exposure.
7. I have found that, in 90% cases standard documentation has been maintained.
8. No credit is extended to customer client Entity, which exceeds in total commitment more
than 10% of the Bank’s capital and fees reserves.
9. House building loan facility and other commercial loan facility has been demoralized by
the branch authority.
10. Persuasion and monitoring are moderately maintained for ensuring the prompt payment.
11. Credit evaluation techniques are not enough to judge the credibility of the borrower.
12. Excessive measures are taken to reduce foreign exchange risk.
13. In most of the cases BASIC Bank limited is perfectly following the credit practices except
the credit analysis technique. If the Bank can improve that technique it will be able to reduce
its classification rate more effectively.
14. Small range of loan portfolio is restricting further improvement.
15. Lack of up-to-date credit manual.
16. Recovery rate of loan during 2008 remained at a highly satisfactory level of 96.00 percent.
6.2 Recommendations
Banks should establish a review process to examine the changing circumstances of borrowers
to determine the position of loans. Attention devoted to these loans is more likely to result in
proper action to safeguarded the Banks position and to assist the borrower to take appropriate
steps in their business to bring back loan performing. Here some recommendations are made
to enrich the credit operation system of the bank:
1. Loan appraisal technique should be modernized:

In Government commercial banks, LRA method is followed to appraise the loan application.
And in private commercial banks LRA and other systematic method is followed to judge a
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BASIC Bank Limited
client. Compared to those technique BASIC’s loan appraisal techniques are relatively
traditional and ineffective. And using that technique it is not possible to evaluate the financial
soundness of a company. As such it is essential for BASIC to change its loan appraisal
technique.
2. Documentation process should be improved:

As I have discussed the documentation process of BASIC Bank is fair relative to other
commercial banks operating in Bangladesh. But this process is fair as long as BASIC is
interested only in small loan amounts and small loan portfolio. When the volume and amount
of loan will increase then this documentation process will not be suitable. As such identical
documentation and filling process should be introduced for the betterment of the bank.
3. Customer Services should be enhanced:

Every bank’s prime objective is to satisfy its client. Increased customer services are must for
it. In Bangladesh all foreign banks and some private commercial banks are now providing
excellent services like: ATM, Credit card, phone banking, and super saving facilities and
other fast service facilities to its client. But in that area BASIC has taken no pragmatic steps.
As such they are loosing its valuable client to those which are providing these services. So
BASIC should improve its service portfolio and should introduce more technology-oriented
services to its customer.
4. Marketing for selling the services should be encouraged:

Most of the employees of BASIC or the top management of it is not very much interested for
marketing for BASIC Bank. Door to door or business to client relationship is not maintained
in this respect. The reason behind this may be that, no incentives are given for this job. So
special incentive schemes should be introduced for mass marketing of services.
5. Adequate training is required for credit officer:
Adequate training is essential for the efficient credit management. Almost all recognized
commercial bank have its own training center, where continuous training is given to the
managers and credit officers for their improvement. But no such training center has yet been
established in BASIC Bank. In our study we have revealed that, the training that has been
given to the employees is not adequate. So from our viewpoint adequate training should be
arranged for better credit management and implementation of credit policy.
6. Adequate measure should be taken for small industrial loan:
In our study I have revealed that, most of the small industrial loans become bad or classified.
This is due to the weak financial capacity of the firm. So adequate measure should be taken
before disbursing the loan. Especially alternative sources of repayment or adequate security
coverage should be checked and satisfied in this regard.
7. Management should be careful about high liquidity ratio:
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BASIC Bank Limited
As per Bangladesh Bank inspection report it has been revealed that, most of the branches are
keeping more funds in their hand, which are affecting the profitability. Also the conservative
approach of the bank is affecting its profitability. As such the bank now should involve more
of its strength to find new investment area and let its idle funds to be used.
9. Some discretionary power should be given to the branch management:
When we have discussed with the clients of BASIC Bank they have complained us about the
extra time needed for sanctioning a loan. They have said that, if no LC limit is there it takes
two days for opening a LC that creates problems for them. This problem arises, as the branch
managers don’t have discretionary power to sanction any advance above BDT 30.00 lac. So
the branch manager should be given discretionary power to furnish loans more than 1 crore.
10. Others:
 Banks should establish a review process to examine the changing circumstances of

borrowers to determine the position of loans. Attention devoted to these loans is more likely
to result in proper action devoted to these loans is more likely to result in proper action to
safeguarded the Banks position and to assist the borrower to take appropriate steps in their
business to bring back loan performing.
 Major problems in a business arises when changes in management (Business concern)

occurs. The loan officer should observe that whether there is loss of the top executive,
demand, or any other most important new one has entered and often the change may be
worse.
 Bank should also be aware of significant changes in the personal habits of current
management.
 Changes in industry trends may directly affect business so that it can no longer
completely profitable. Therefore, the Bank should keep information about the environment of
each industry in which its customers operate.
 Deterioration in the overall economy can turn a good loan a week one. During unusual
inflation or depression, many companies experiences difficulties. The loan department should
be aware of it.
 From the beginning of the relationship, the loan officer should know who the
company’s major trade suppliers are. If he can discover that a major supplier is reducing
credits to the customers, this could be a sign that the borrowing company is facing serious
financial difficulties. Bank should start credit inquiries from trade suppliers.
 Real value of business can come from making regular visits to the customer’s place of
business rather than holding all meetings in the Bank.
 For improving the recovery position and reducing huge over due loans, first action
needed to attract political support and urge upon the govt. and political parties to take
necessary steps for repayment of defaulted loans within a limit.
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BASIC Bank Limited
 Against big willful defaulters legal action should be taken promptly. This step should
be taken as soon as one installment is defaulted without waiting for default of total loan.
 New credit culture needs to be developed in place of default culture. Efforts to be

taken as soon as possible to safeguard the interest of banking sector.
Conclusion
BASIC Bank was established as the policy makers of the country felt the urgency for a bank
in the private sector for financing for small scale industries (SSIs). BASIC Bank is a unique in
its objectives. It is a blend of developments and commercial banks. The Memorandum and
Articles of Association of the bank stipulate that 50 percent of loan able funds shall be
invested in small and cottage industries sector.
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BASIC Bank Limited
BASIC Bank’s services are directed toward the entrepreneurs in the small industries sectors.
A small industry, as per industrial policy 1999 approved by the cabinet, has been defined as
an industrial undertaking whose total fixed investment is less than Tk. 100 million.
The Bank also supports development of trade, business and other commercial activities in the
country. It covers the full range of services to the exporters and importers extending various
facilities such as Cash Credit, Export Cash Credit, Packing Credit, Short Term Loan, and Local and
Foreign Bill Purchase facilities.
BASIC Bank launched a Micro Credit Scheme provides for the
poor for generation of employment and income on a sustainable basis particularly in urban
and suburban areas.
The Bank also provides funds to investment and leasing companies. They have recently
created a venture capital fund for equity support to innovative but risky projects.
Bibliography
• www.basicbanklimited.com
• Annual Report of BASIC Bank Limited (2008, 2007)
• Internal Audit Report of BASIC Bank Limited (2008, 2007)
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BASIC Bank Limited
• Credit Policy Manual of BASIC Bank Limited.

• A Hand Book on Credit Appraisal – published by BIBM
• Several Booklets from BASIC Bank Ltd.
• Journals of Bangladesh Bank
Appendix
1. Credit Risk Grading Score Sheet of a Client of BASIC Bank Ltd. Bangshal Branch.
Client: M/S. RAHMAN METAL INDUSTRIES
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BASIC Bank Limited
CREDIT RISK GRADING SCORE SHEET
Reference No: BASIC/BANG/ADV/2007/891 Date: 18.02.07
Borrower: M/S. RAHMAN METAL Aggregate Score: 72

INDUSTRIES
Group Name (if any):
Branch: BASIC BANK LTD., BANGSHAL Risk Grading: Marginal/Watch List
BR.
Industry/Sector:
Date of Financials: 31-Dec-06
Completed by:
Approved by:
Number Grading Short Score
1 Superior SUP Fully cash secured, secured by
Government/International Bank
Guarantee
2 Good GD 85+
3 Acceptable ACCPT 75-84
4 Marginal/Watchlist MG/WL 65-74
5 Special Mention SM 55-64
6 Substandard SS 45-54
7 Doubtful DF 35-44
8 Bad & Loss BL <35
Criteria Weight Parameter Score Actual Score

Parameter Obtained
A. Financial Risk 50%
1. Leverage: (15%)  Less than 0.25× 15 0.90 11
 0.26× to 0.35 x 14
Debt Equity Ratio (×) - Times  0.36× to 0.50 x 13
Total Liabilities to Tangible Net worth  0.51× to 0.75 x 12
 0.76× to 1.25 x 11
All calculations should be based on 10
 1.26× to 2.00 x
annual financial statements of the 8
borrower (audited preferred).  2.01× to 2.50 x 7
 2.51× to 2.75 x 0
 More than 2.75×
2. Liquidity: (15%)  Greater than 2.74× 15 1.46 11
 2.50× to 2.74 x 14
Current Ratio (×) - Times  2.00× to 2.49 x 13
Current Assets to Current Liabilities  1.50× to 1.99 x 12
 1.10× to 1.49 x 11
10
 0.90× to 1.09 x
8
 0.80× to 0.89 x 7
 0.70× to 0.79 x 0
 Less than 0.70×
3. Profitability: (15%)  Greater than 25% 15 5.94% 9
Operating Profit Margin (%)  20% to 24% 14
 15% to 19% 13
Operating Profit ×100  10% to 14% 12
Sales  7% to 9% 10
78
BASIC Bank Limited
 4% to 6% 9
 1% to 3% 7
 Less than 1% 0
4. Coverage: (5%)  More than 2.00× 5 3.87 5

Interest Coverage Ratio (×)-Times  More than 1.51× Less than 4
2.00× 3
Earning Before Interest & Tax (EBIT) More than 1.25× Less than 2
Interest on debt 1.50× 0
 More than 1.00× Less than
1.24×
 Less than 1.00×
Total Score–Financial Risk 50 36

B. Business/Industry Risk Parameter Obtained
18%
1. Size of Business (Sales in BDT crore)  > 60.00 5 22.00 3
 30.00 – 59.99 4
The size of the borrower’s business 10.00 – 29.99 3
measured by the most recent year’s total 5.00 - 9.99 2
sales. Preferably based on audited financial 2.50 - 4.99 1
statements 0
 < 2.50
2. Age of Business  > 10 years 3 18 3
 > 5 - 10 years 2
The number of years the borrower has been 2 - 5 years 1
engaged in the primary line of business.  < 2 years 0
3. Business Outlook  Favorable 3 Favorable 3
 Stable 2
A critical assessment of the medium term Slightly Uncertain 1
prospects of the borrower, taking into Cause for Concern 0
account the industry, market share and
economic factors.
4. Industry Growth  Strong (10%+) 3 Good (>5% - 2
 Good (>5% - 10%) 2 10%)
 Moderate (1% - 5%) 1
 No Growth (<1%) 0
5. Market Competition  Dominant Player 2 Moderately 2

 Moderately Competitive 1 Competitive
 Highly Competitive 0
6. Entry/Exit Barriers  Difficult 2 Average 1

 Average 1
 Easy 0
Total Score-Business/Industry Risk 18 10
79
BASIC Bank Limited
C. Management Risk 12% Parameter Obtained

1. Experience  More than 10 years in the 5 5–10 years 3
(Management & Management Team) related line of business in the related
The quality of management based on the 5–10 years in the related line of 3 line of
aggregate number of years that the Senior business business
Management Team has been in the 1–5 years in the related line of 2
industry. business
 No experience 0
2. Second Line/ Succession  Ready Succession 4 Ready 4
 Succession within 1-2 years 3 Succession
 Succession within 2-3 years 2
 Succession in question 0
3. Team Work  Very Good 3 Very Good 3
 Moderate 2
 Poor 1
 Regular Conflict 0
Total Score-Management Risk 12 10

D. Security Risk 10% Parameter Obtaine
d
1. Security Coverage (Primary)  Fully pledged 4 Registered 3
facilities/substantially cash covered/Reg. Hypothecatio
Mortg, for HBL 3 n
 Registered Hypothecation (1st charge/1st
(1st charge/1st Pari passu charge) 2 Pari passu
 2nd Charge/Inferior charge 1 charge)
 Simple hypothecation/negative lien
on assets. 0
 No security
2. Collateral Coverage  Registered Mortgage on Municipal 4 Registered 4
(Property Location) Corporation/Prime area property. Mortgage on
 Registered Mortgage on 3 Municipal
Pourashava/semi-urban area property Corporation/
 Equitable Mortgage or No property Prime area
but plant & machinery as collateral 2 property.
 Negative lien on collateral
 No collateral 1
0
3. Support (Guarantee)  Personal guarantee with high net 2 Personal 2
worth or Strong Corporate Guarantee guarantee
 Personal Guarantees or Corporate with high net
Guarantee with average financial strength worth or
 No Support/Guarantee 1 Strong
Corporate
Guarantee
0
Total Score- Security Risk 10 9
80
BASIC Bank Limited

E. Relationship Risk 10% Parameter Obtaine
d
1. Account Conduct  More than 3 (three) years accounts 5 Less than 3 4
with faultless record (three) years
 Less than 3 (three) years accounts 4 accounts
with faultless record with faultless
 Accounts having satisfactory 2 record
dealings with some late payments
 Frequent Past dues & Irregular 0
dealings in account

2. Utilization of Limit  More than 60% 2 100.00% 2
(actual/projection)  40% - 60% 1
 Less than 40% 0
3. Compliance of  Full Compliance 2 Some Non- 2

Covenants / Conditions  Some Non-Compliance 1 Compliance
 No Compliance 0
4. Personal Deposits  Personal accounts of the key 1 No 0

business Sponsors/ Principals are depository
The extent to which the bank maintains a maintained in the bank, with significant relationship
personal banking relationship with the deposits
key business sponsors/principals.  No depository relationship 0
Total Score-Relationship Risk 10 7
Grand Total- All Risk 100 72
81

Annual Report On Basic Bank

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Annual Report On Basic Bank

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BASIC Bank Limited

Serving People for Progress

1.1 Background of the Study

1.2 Rationality of the Study

1.3 Objectives of the Report

• To fulfill academic requirement.

1.4 Scope of the Report

The Report mainly focuses on the following areas:

 The kinds of credit facilities extended by BASIC Bank Limited.

1.5 Limitations of the Study

The major limitations of this study are:

 Sufficient records, publications were not available as per my requirement.

Primary Data Secondary Data

Contents: Page No.

2.1 Background of the BASIC Bank

The Bank Offers:

• Term loans to industries especially to small-scale enterprises.

2.3 Corporate Strategy

• Small Balance Sheet size composed of quality assets.

2.4 Organizational Goals

• To undertake project promotion on identify profitable areas of investment.

• To cooperate and collaborate with institutions entrusted with the responsibility of

2.5 Organizational Structure

2.6 Organogram of BASIC Bank Ltd.

Deputy General Manager

Assistant General Manager .

2.7 Capital Position (31.12.2008)

Authorized capital Tk. 2000 million

2.8 Resources and Capabilities

2.8.1 Physical and technological resources

Major features of these branches are:

• Fully computerized accounts maintenance.

• Well decorated air conditioned facilities.

• A fully operational computer network which is currently being implemented.

Intensive training program, on a regular basis, is being imparted to employees of both

2.9 Monetary/Financial Resources

2.9.1 Mobilization of fund

The main sources of fund for the Bank are:

• Asian Development Bank (ADB)

• KfW (kreditanstalt fur Wieder-aufbau Credit Institution for Reconstruction), a German

2.9.2 Utilization of Fund

2.10 Risk Management

2.11 Branches of BASIC Bank Limited

BASIC is a state-owned scheduled bank. It is adjudged as one of the soundest banks in

Contents: Page No.

3.1 General Banking

 Account Opening Section,

3.1.1 Account Opening Section

3.1.1.1 Types of Account

3.1.1.2 Procedure to open an Account

Documents/Papers are obtained while opening following types of account:

a) For limited companies:

b) For partnership accounts:

c) For associations, club, society, voluntary organization:

d) For trust accounts:

3.1.2 Remittance Section

3.1.2.1 Telegraphic Transfer (T.T):

Procedure of inward T.T:

In this case branch must see some important things as follows: