1.

According to the textbook, the single biggest reason for the failure of managers is a lack of interpersonal skills A: True 2. Managers get things done through other people. A: True 3. Modern theorists have condensed Fayol's five management functions down to four: planning, organizing, commanding, and controlling. A: False 4. Mintzberg concluded that managers perform three different highly-interrelated roles, or sets of behaviors, attributable to their jobs. A: False 5. OB researchers cannot offer reasonably accurate explanations of human behavior since people act very differently in similar situations. A: False 6. Allison and Gail both are studying for a final exam. Both have a goal of attaining a grade of 91 or better. Gail studied 6 hours and made a grade of 92. Allison studied for 9 hours and also made a grade of 92. Which of the students was effective? A: both Gail and Allison 7. Allison and Gail both are studying for a final exam. Both have a goal of attaining a grade of 91 or better. Gail studied 6 hours and made a grade of 92. Allison studied for 9 hours and also made a grade of 92. Which of the following statements is true? A: Gail is more efficient than Allison. 8. Allison and Gail both are studying for a final exam. Both have a goal of attaining a grade of 91 or better. Gail studied 6 hours and made a grade of 92. Allison studied for 9 hours and also made a grade of 92. Which of the students was more productive? A: Gail 9. Imagine that Kristen McKay is a manager at a company specializing in bread and bread-baking paraphernalia. Kristen performs all the normal management functions outlined in your textbook. Answer the following questions based on Henri Fayol's work.

When Ms. McKay develops a strategy for achieving her department's goals, she is performing the ________ function of management. A: planning 10. Imagine that Kristen McKay is a manager at a company specializing in bread and bread-baking paraphernalia. Kristen performs all the normal management functions outlined in your textbook. Answer the following questions based on Henri Fayol's work. When Ms. McKay determines which employees will do what tasks, she is performing the ________ function of management. A: organizing ______________________________________________________________ 1. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the higher absentee rate of women in the workplace? A: Traditionally, women have had the responsibility of caring for home and family. 2. Which of the following statements concerning tenure is not true? A: Tenure does not appear to be a good predictor of employee productivity. 3. Which one of the following words is the best synonym for "ability", as the term is used in organizational behavior? A: capacity 4. You are the new human resources manager for a design and manufacturing firm. Overall, job performance is adequate, but the company has experienced high rates of turnover. A high percentage of employees have quit and taken other jobs. In the exit interviews, you find the most common complaint is that they are frustrated in their jobs. After looking into the situation more, you find that the highest turnover is in the circuit-board manufacturing area. The employees in this area are required to have at least a two-year college degree. While there are many different jobs in this area, the majority involve loading automatic machines with parts to be placed on the circuit boards. Which of the following is most likely to be true about the employees in this area? A: They are over-qualified, dissatisfied, and paid more than necessary. 5. Personal characteristics that are objective and easily obtained from personnel records (such as age, sex, and marital status) are called biographical characteristics. A: True

6. Stamina, dexterity, and strength are dimensions of physical ability. A: True Employee performance is enhanced when there is a high ability-job fit. A: True 7. Tenure is negatively related to turnover. A: True 8. Ability is the assessment of what one will do. A: False 9. Tenure and satisfaction are negatively related. A: False

1. In her work in the publishing industry, Vera seeks out new authors who she considers promising. In the past two years she has found a number of new writers whose work she thought was exceptional, and immersed herself in the task of helping them shape their manuscripts for submission to her managers for publishing. Although she was extremely proud of the results, none of the authors she worked with were chosen for publication. Vera believes that the decision not to publish these authors was based on personal rivalries within management, rather than the quality of her writers' work. She is extremely frustrated, dreads coming into work each morning and is seriously thinking of resigning. How can Vera's job attitudes best be described? A: low job satisfaction and high job involvement. 2. The belief that "violence is wrong" is a evaluative statement. Such an opinion constitutes the ________ component of an attitude. A: cognitive 3. Of the following, the best predictor of turnover is ________. A: organizational commitment 4. The following are possible actions that an individual may take if they behave in a way that is inconsistent with an attitude that they hold:
I: change the behavior II: change the attitude III: rationalize the behavior IV: ignore the inconstancy

Which of these actions are the most likely to be taken? A: One of I, II or III

5. "It is suggested that with a weakening of the loyalty of employers to employees (and vice-versa) in today's workplace, organizational commitment may be replaced with ________ commitment." A: occupational 6. Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between satisfaction and absenteeism? A: There is a consistent negative relationship between the two. 7. Attitudes are evaluative statements. A: True 8. Loyalty is a passive and constructive response to dissatisfaction. A: True 9. Cognitive dissonance explains the linkage between attitudes and behavior. A: True 10. The intent to act in a certain way is the affective component of an attitude. A: False

1. Which of the following statements is generally accepted by experts? A: moods and emotions can mutually influence one another 2. Which of the following is not an argument that supports the existence of emotional intelligence? A: EI is practically indistinguishable from the established concepts of intelligence and personality 3. What does the case of Phineas Gage serve to illustrate? A: the importance of emotions on reasoning 4. Clare is an upper level manager at a large American company. When her personal assistant is not prompt in performing his duties, she shows her impatience in open displays of anger. Why is such a display unusual in the workplace? A: displays of negative emotions are usually unacceptable in most American organizations

5. Ben is very prone to experiencing emotions in a much stronger manner than most other people. Things that wouldn't provoke any significant emotional response in the average person often send him into fits of happiness, anger, or depression. Ben has a high level of which of the following? A: affect intensity 6. A researcher finds that people who work in a fish processing plant, doing work that most people find extremely unpleasant, still have a positive mood about 60 percent of the time. Such a finding could most likely be explained by which of the following? A: positivity offset 7. Good or bad moods can make you more emotional in response to an event. A: True 8. Research indicates that when leaders are in good moods, group members are more positive, and as a result the members cooperate more. A: True 9. All cultures tend to agree on the interpretation given to emotions. A: False 10. One clear application of EI is in screening candidates for positions that require a great deal of social interaction. A: True

1. What is the difference between terminal and instrumental values, as proposed by Rokeach? A: Terminal values are the goals that a person would like to achieve during his or her lifetime, while the instrumental values are the preferable modes of behavior in achieving these values. 2. Values are important to organizational behavior because they ________. A: lay the foundation for the understanding of attitudes and motivation 3. Which of the following statements about the determinants of personality is true? A: Personality appears to be a result of both hereditary and environmental factors. 4. What is the major problem with the Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator as a measure of personality? A: it forces a person to be categorized as either one type or another

5. What is the term used for the degree to which people like or dislike themselves? A: Self-esteem 6. Which of the following is not included in the Big Five model? A: intuitiveness 7. Personality is part of the way in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others. A: False 8. People with Type A personalities tend to be creative. A: False 9. Janet keeps emotional distance from her coworkers and believes that the ends can justify the means. Janet would rate high in Machiavellianism. A: True 10. An adult's personality is proven to be made up of both hereditary and situational factors, moderated by environmental conditions. A: False

1. You are on a team with two individuals who are "difficult." The work has been divided among the three of you and each time your team meets, Janet and Jim disagree about the progress of the team project. Janet is convinced that Jim's lack of progress is because he is inherently lazy and not because of some overwhelming problem with the project itself. The truth seems to be that Janet is not doing her part of the work. What might you use to try to understand Janet and Jim's behavior? A: attribution theory 2. What is the segment in the three-component model of creativity that turns creative potential into actual creative ideas? A: intrinsic task motivation 3. The time at which an object or event is seen is an example of what type of factor influencing the perceptual process? A: situation 4. Shortcuts in judging others include all of the following except ________. A: self-serving bias

5. The judgment of the evaluator plays an important role in subjective criteria used in performance evaluations. A: True 6. The intuitive decision-making model assumes the problem is clear and unambiguous. A: False 7. Jackson continues to put money into car repair even though he knows the car is a "lemon." This is an example of the availability bias. A: False 8. A satisficing solution is satisfactory but not sufficient. A: False 9. A focus on utilitarianism as an ethical decision criterion promotes efficiency and productivity as well as a focus on the rights of individuals. A: False 10. Individuals involved in the same situation will usually perceive that situation similarly. A: False

1. Which of the following motivation concepts clearly has an American bias? A: need for achievement 2. Which of the following is a not a criticism of the two-factor theory? A: The system used by raters is too rigid and not open to interpretation. 3. What is the term used for an individual's personal evaluation of their ability to perform? A: self-efficacy 4. The strengths of job rotation are that it eliminates boredom, increases motivation, and increases productivity. A: False 5. Helen is an office worker who processes health insurance forms. She has worked at her present job for three years. Initially she was criticized by her supervisor for sloppy work, but in the months after that improved considerably. Now she consistently processes her forms without errors and above quota. However she has found her supervisor has not responded to the extra effort she puts in, giving her no praise and no financial reward. Helen will most likely

perceive that there is a problem in which of the following relationships? A: performance-reward 6. Allied General Hospital employs many individuals and has decided to try to increase motivation through job redesign and flexible scheduling. You have been hired as a consultant to help them design and implement the programs. It be difficult to initiate job redesign and flexible scheduling for operating room nurses. Which of the following is not a reason why this is the case? A: they are highly paid 7. Your supervisor has heard that employee involvement is important and you have been instructed to research various methods of employee involvement. You are supposed to help assist in the analysis of the probable effects of each of the programs being considered. Your supervisor proposes that participative management will solve your productivity, motivation and job performance problems. Which of the following is not a warning you should give him about this approach? A: it will provide intrinsic rewards for employees 8. You manage a department of five employees. You have identified that Joe scores high in the need for achievement, Mary scores high in the need for power, and Tim scores high in the need for affiliation. Sarah scored high in the need for power and low in the need for affiliation. Doug scores low in both need for power and need for affiliation. Which employee would probably be best to leave in charge while you are on vacation? A: Sarah 9. Gloria thinks that she is paid less than other workers in her division and feels extremely resentful. She starts taking long breaks and generally wasting time. Her actions were a result of her perceiving what kind of injustice? A: Distributive 10. Laura only makes minimum wage, but she loves her job. Her supervisor regularly compliments her and she has been chosen employee of the month twice this year. Which of the following is Laura's attitude most likely a function of? A: recognition 11. The achievement need can be stimulated through training. A: True

12. Evidence gathered about the cognitive evaluation theory leads us to believe that extrinsic and intrinsic rewards are independent. A: False 13. In equity theory, if perceived outcomes and inputs are not balanced, an individual will make certain adjustments to correct imbalance. A: True 14. The overall evidence on job enrichment generally shows that it increases satisfaction, reduces absenteeism, and reduces turnover costs. A: True 15. Maslow proposed a two-factor theory, suggesting that intrinsic job factors motivate, whereas extrinsic factors only maintain and placate employees. A: False 16. It is possible for an employee to perceive injustice even if the amount and allocation of rewards among individuals is perceived as fair. A: True 17. Leadership is the processes that accounts for an individual's intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal. A: False 18. Research shows that contemporary theories of motivation are generally more valid than the early theories of motivation. A: True 19. A drive to succeed would be described by McClelland as a need for achievement. A: True 20. According to goal-setting theory, a generalized goal will produce a high level of output. A: False