Bibliography

Primary Sources
Attner, Paul . "NCAA Virtually Ignores Title IX at Convention." Los Angeles Times, January 18, 1977. http://ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/login? url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/158190848 (accessed November 16, 2011). This article explained how various groups attempted to take Title IX to the court system to have it abolished, and reverse the revolution. "Bayh, Birch Evans." Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=b000254 (accessed April 22, 2012). This government run website provided my website with a picture of Birch Bayh. Bayh, Birch. Interview by author. Phone interview. school, April 11, 2012. Speaking with the creator and author of Title IX I found an incredibly amazing and in depth perspective of the inner workings of Title IX. After finishing this interview I truly realized that you can't know all there is to know about a subject until you speak with someone who really made it happen. Bearden, Jeffrey. Interview by author. Phone interview. home, April 4, 2012. Through Mr. Bearden's experience coaching and teaching high school aged students in Texas I was able to learn the affects of Title IX at the high school level and the southern sentiments towards it. Chicago Tribune, "Repeal of Equality Act Sought." June 24, 1975. http://ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/login? url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/169349115 (accessed November 16, 2011). I used the article to show the negative reactions of the NCAA against Title IX, and the AIAW's response to their reactions. Eskenazi, Gerald. "Title IX Rules Issued For Equality in Sports." New York Times, June 4, 1975. http://ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/login? url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/120390053?accountid=465 (accessed November 16, 2011).

This article explained the athletic equality rules at a news conference. The information given was a firsthand look at the revolution itself Jauss, Bill. "Title IX Offers Kick to Gals Sports Drive." Chicago Tribune, October 9, 1974. http://ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/login? url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/171053246?accountid=465 (accessed November 16, 2011). This was the earliest article that I found concerning Title IX. It details what colleges must do to show compliance with Title IX during the revolution. Kelliher, David. Interview by author. Phone interview. home, April 3, 2012. After speaking with long-time athletics coordinator, Dave Kelliher, I received an integral perspective of Title IX. His role of implementing Title IX was important in spreading its influence and to make sure local institutions were following the federal statute. Los Angeles Times, "NCAA Head Calls Title IX a Threat to College Sports." February 28, 1979. http://ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/login? url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/158836196 (accessed November 16, 2011). This is a very detailed article showing uneasy; negative feelings toward Title IX from the NCAA. The NCAA seems to be more focused on expenditures, while Title IX does not require equal spending, but equal opportunity. New York Times, "A.I.A.W. Plans Protest to Protect Title IX Gains." April 15, 1979. http://ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/login? url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/120927476 (accessed November 16, 2011). The article describes what the AIAW did to support Title IX and their pride in women's athletics resulting from its legislature. New York Times, "H.E.W. Head Says Title IX Won't 'Bankrupt' Schools." June 27, 1975. http://ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/login? url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/120210911?accountid=465 (accessed November 16, 2011). This article gave Weinberger's response to the NCAA's position on Title IX. I used it to show differing points of views and reactions. "Nordeen Earns Lifetime Achievement Award - UWBadgers.com - The Official Web Site of the Wisconsin Badgers ." UWBadgers.com - The Official Web Site of The Wisconsin Badgers Athletics. http://www.uwbadgers.com/genrel/101006aaa.html

(accessed March 31, 2012). This website offered a more in depth look at Kit Saunder-Nordeen, and also was the source of her picture. Olson, John. Interview by author. Personal interview. home, April 22, 2012. John Olson has a wide range of experience dealing with both the academic and athletic aspect of the bill. He also provided me with in depth documents detailing the compliance test and other key parts of this legislation. Saunders-Nordeen, Kit. Interview by author. Phone interview. home, March 31, 2012. Speaking with UW Madison's first women's athletic director, Kit SaundersNordeen, offered the prospective of someone who made Title IX a reality on a local level. Talking to such an important figure in Wisconsin's history allowed me to see the growth of Title IX in the 1970s up to today. "Three Components of Title IX." Warrick. www.warrick.k12.in.us/schools/castle/athletics/coachHandbook/Gender%20Equity %20Information/3%20Components%20of%20Title%20IX.pdfhttp:// (accessed April 1, 2012). This document shows the Three-Pronged Test of Compliance that all colleges and federally funded institutions must abide by. "Title IX, Education Amendments of 1972 ." United States Department of Labor. http://www.dol.gov/oasam/regs/statutes/titleix.htm (accessed November 16, 2011). This source has the U.S. Code of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. Tribune Wire Services. "U.S. Gives Football Pass on Equal-Rights Spending." CHICAGO TRIBUNE (Chicago), December 7, 1978. http://ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/login? url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/171845297 (accessed November 16, 2011). In 1978 the U.S. government proposed strict rules that required colleges to spend more funds on women's sports. As an outcome, many lawsuits were filed for sex discrimination. White, Gordon. "Colleges Mystified by Title IX Fund Rules." New York Times, December 15, 1978. http://ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/login? url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/123559047 (accessed November 16, 2011). Joseph Califano had previously announced that football and basketball would be

exempt from equal spending guidelines, but HEW members had different interpretations causing widespread confusion.

Secondary Sources
"Athletic Administration." Ohio University. www.ouwb.ohiou.edu/maa/maa/sections/about/faculty.htmhttp:// (accessed April 23, 2012). I derived the picture of John Olson who I interviewed from this website. "BBC SPORT | Olympics blog blog." BBC - Homepage. http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/olympics/2008/07/olympic_countdown_22_days_pion .html (accessed November 15, 2011). The picture derived from this website portrayed one of the first women competing in the 1900 Olympics in Paris, France. This sparked interests in women's athletics. "BBeM: Item." Redirect to Baby Boomer eMuseum. http://www.mikanet.com/museum/item.php?cat=3&index=21 (accessed April 23, 2012). I found the H.E.W.'s logo on this website. Blumenthal, Karen. Let me play: the story of Title IX : the law that changed the future of girls in America. New York: Atheneum Books for Young Readers, 2005. Let Me Play gave a more in depth look at the history that led up to the revolution of Title IX. It also was used to find out more about the affects on athletics rather than just the focus on equal education and wages. I derived most of my information from this source. Branch, Taylor. "The NCAA: A High House of Hypocrisy Vols in the Fall." Vols in the Fall. http://norcalvol.wordpress.com/2011/09/26/the-ncaa-a-high-house-ofhypocrisy/ (accessed April 22, 2012). I found a picture of Walter Byers who at the time of Title IX freely spoke of the negative affects he believed would follow Title IX's passing. "Caspar Weinberger Pictures - CBS News." Breaking News Headlines: Business, Entertainment & World News - CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/2300500146_162-1445867-4.html (accessed November 18, 2011). I found a picture of Caspar Weinberger at the actual press conference announcing the regulations of Title IX in 1975. "Declaration of Sentiments of the Seneca Falls Convention 1848 (women suffrage) primary source document w/ reading questions | Historymartinez's Blog."

Historymartinez's Blog | Just another WordPress.com site. http://historymartinez.wordpress.com/2011/03/16/declaration-of-sentiments-ofthe-seneca-falls-convention-1848-woman-suffrage-primary-source-document-wreading-questions/ (accessed November 14, 2011). I found a picture from the first women's rights convention in Seneca Falls, New York. This was one of many events leading up to the proposal of Title IX. "Dr. Laurie Mabry." Your Home for Women's Sports News, Opinion and Discussion. http://www.womentalksports.com/athlete/925/DrLaurie-Mabry (accessed April 23, 2012). I found a picture of Dr. Laurie Mabry on this website. "History Improv: Because Today's News Has History." Wordpress. demaction.org/dia/organizations/titleIX/images/chart3.gif (accessed November 18, 2011). The graph I derived from this website portrays the growth of high school athletes after Title IX was passed. martancaa. "What does Title IX mean to you? - YouTube." YouTube - Broadcast Yourself. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5r4O422bziw (accessed November 19, 2011). This video is a testimony from Judy Sweet, former vice president for the NCAA, and how Title IX has expanded her opportunities as a woman in more recent times. Parker-Pope, Tara. "As Girls Become Women, Sports Pay Dividends - NYTimes.com." Health and Wellness - Well Blog - NYTimes.com. http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/02115/as-girls-become-women-sports-paydividends/ (accessed September 25, 2011). The blog I accessed information from showed the more recent influence of Title IX. It detailed Dr. Betsey Stevenson and Dr. Robert Kaestner's 2004 study of Title IX's affect on women's health, education, and employment rates. Not only has the passing of Title IX lowered female obesity, but also increase the number of educated and working women. "Patsy Mink: Ahead of the Majority." Women, Power, and Politics. www.imow.org/wpp/stories/viewStory?storyId=240 (accessed November 16, 2011). This site offered information and pictures of the initial author of Title IX, Patsy Mink. "The Great Plains During World War II." Plains Humanities Alliance Digital Initiatives.

http://plainshumanities.unl.edu/homefront/women?section=homefront (accessed November 18, 2011). During World War II as the men of the United States left to fight, women took over traditionally more masculine jobs such as factory work as shown in the picture I found. They were paid much less than men, and once they returned from war they were forced out of their positions. Title IX More Than Fun and Fairness Young Women Misbehavin'." Young Women Misbehavin'. http://youngwomenmisbehavin.com/2010/06/25/title-ix-fairness-andbirch-bayh/ (accessed April 3, 2012). This website offered pictures of both authors of Title IX WMMNYC. " LICENSE TO THRIVE | Women Make Movies | Trailer - YouTube." YouTube - Broadcast Yourself. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZoQngNj8m9g (accessed November 20, 2011). This video has a great explanation of Title IX and contains an interview with Bernice Sandler, a scholar at the Women's Research and Education Institute. "Women's Equality." Veteran Feminists of America News Index. http://www.vfa.us/Suffrage.htm (accessed November 16, 2011). I found a picture showing a group of female protesters in 1971 supporting the Equal Rights Amendment.