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Mobile Cloud Computing: Issues, Challenges and Implications

Salman Ubaid Bhatti, The University of Lahore, Bilal Mehboob ,The University of Lahore and Hafiz Fahad Hassan, The University of Lahore.
AbstractCloud Computing is an emerging field of this era. As we know that the cloud computing is very hot topic now a days. The cloud computing is the merging technology of network computing distributed computing, parallel computing, grid computing and ubiquitous computing. As in the research, it is investigated that people are moving towards handheld devices like PDAs, Tablets and mobile as a mini-computing devices. Now people used internet on these devices. So there is a new terminology is used for this purpose which is known as MCC (Mobile Cloud Computing). MCC provide us the connectivity to the cloud at any place where internet facility is available. There are many challenges to this technology like Security (Privacy and reliability), Performance (Storage, Battery and Bandwidth) and Environment (Heterogeneity, Scalability, and Availability). In this paper we will discuss these issues and see how these issues affect the MCC. How we can resolve these issues by SWOT (Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunity and Threats) Analysis. Index TermsCloud Computing (MCC). Computing (CC), Mobile Cloud

change in operating conditions, while preserving available intuiting and interactivity proficiencies of mobile devices. Road map for the paper is Cloud Computing, Mobile Cloud Computing and their challenges, problem and scrutiny, assumption, future work and Orientations.

II. CLOUD COMPUTING Clouds computing can be demarcated as a novel approach of computing in which dynamically scalable and often virtualized assets are provided as a services over the Internet. Cloud computing has become a substantial machinery evolving trend, and many doyens, scholars and academicians anticipate that cloud computing will restructure information technology (IT) area and the IT variety store in the world. With the cloud computing technology, users use a wide range of devices, including PCs, Laptops, Smart Phones, and PDAs to access different kinds of utility programs, storage, and application development stages over the Internet, via facilities offered by CC providers. An advantage of the CC technology includes cost efficient, high accessibility, and stress-free scalability. A. Types of Mobile Cloud Computing These are types of cloud computing deployment models which are mentioned below [6] are: (a) Private Cloud (b) Public Cloud and (c) Hybrid Cloud. 1) Private Cloud The cloud which is owned by single organization. We can say that the cloud which is administered under single organization. No other organization can use this facility. It means, it is more secure service deployment model. 2) Public Cloud In this model, computing assets are vigorously provisioned over the Internet via Web applications or Web facilities from an off-site third party provider. Public clouds are run by third parties, and applications from different customers are likely to be mixed together on the clouds servers, loading systems, and networks. 3) Hybrid Cloud This environment overlaps and chains multiple public and private cloud models. Hybrid clouds introduce the

I. INTRODUCTION As scholars is constantly working on the Cloud Computing. It is considered that the mobile cloud computing is in its infancy. There is no standard rule for developing cloud. It can be defined as the Cloud Computing is a service rather than the product. We can use the facilities which are present on the cloud. There is no need to install any hardware and software. You can use the facilities which are present on the cloud by using the simple computer as an edge. According to the study from Juniper Research [1], the market for cloud based mobile applications will breed 88% from 2009 to 2014. The market was just over $400 million this past recent year, Juniper web sphere showing by 2014 it will touch $9.5 billion. So according to this research people are moving towards the mobile. They are browsing on mobile and access many things through mobile. And mobile can be used for learning and educations.ABI Research [2] cloud computing will fully renew future of mobile applications development and their consumption. Mobile cloud computing is a model for clear elastic augmentation of mobile device abilities via ubiquitous wireless access to cloud storage and computing assets, with context-aware dynamic changing of offloading in respect to

2 complexity of formative how to distribute applications across both a public and private cloud era. Since the advent of cloud computing, its reputation has grown even more. Security observing involves shielding an enterprise or government client from computer-generated threats. A security team plays a vital role in securing and sustaining the confidentiality, reliability, and availability of IT assets. The major functionality of MaaS is to observer the working of all the three layers SaaS, PaaS and IaaS. C. Benefits of Cloud Computing Cloud computing brings a collection of new benefits compared to any other computing models. These are briefly mentioned below. Scalability and On-Demand Facilities - Cloud computing provides assets and facilities for users on demand. The assets are scalable over several data centers. Quality of Facility (QoF) - Cloud computing can surety QoF for users in terms of hardware or CPU enactment, bandwidth, and memory capacity. User-Centric Interface - Cloud interfaces are position independent and they can be accessed by well-recognized interfaces such as Web facilities and Web browsers. Autonomous System - Cloud computing systems are autonomous systems managed clearly to users. However, software and data inside clouds can be automatically reconfigured and merged to a simple platform depending on users needs. Pricing - Cloud computing does not require upfront investment. No capital spending is required. Users may pay and use or pay for facilities and capacity as they need them. D. Cloud Computing Challenges The new model of cloud computing provides an array of benefits and advantages over the previous computing models and many companies are migrating and implementing it. On the other hand, there are still a number of issues and challenges, which are presently addressed by scholars, academicians and practitioners in the MCC. 1) Performance The major issue in performance can be for some exhaustive transaction-oriented and other data exhaustive applications, in which cloud computing may lack sufficient performance. Also, users who are at a long distance from cloud providers may experience high latency and delays. 2) Security and Privacy Companies are still concerned about security when using cloud computing. Users are worried about the weakness to attacks, when information and critical IT assets are outside the firewall. 3) Control A quantity of IT wings or departments are concerned because cloud computing providers have a full control of the platforms. Cloud computing

B. Service Layers of Cloud Computing Cloud computing can be viewed as a gathering of facilities, which can be epitomized as a coated cloud computing architecture, as shown in Fig.1.

Fig 1. 1) Software as a Service (SaaS) Software distribution model in which applications are hosted by service provider and made available to customers over a network, typically the Internet. 2) Platform as a Service (PaaS) It is the deliverance of compute platform and explanation heap as a service. The potential provide to the end users is to install on top of the cloud structure user shaped or get applications produced using computer languages and tools support to the source. The end user does not run or control the basic cloud structure as well as network, servers, operating systems, or storage. PaaS supplier offer a predefined mixture of OS and application servers, such as WAMP platform [3] (Windows, Apache, MySql and PHP), LAMP platform (Linux, Apache, MySql and PHP), andXAMP(X-cross platform) limited to J2EE, and Ruby etc. Google App Engine. 3) Structure as a Service (IaaS) It is the delivery of computer structure (typically a platform virtualization situation) as a service. The capability provided to the end users is to provision processing, storage, networks, and other basics computing assets where the end user is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications. The user does not manage or control the underlying cloud structure but it has control over operating systems, storage, deployed applications, and possibly limited control of select networking modules. Some of the common examples are Amazon, GoGrid, 3tera, etc. 4) Monitoring as a Service (MaaS) It is the farm out provisioning of security, mainly on business platforms that controls the Internet to conduct business has become progressively popular over the last

3 providers typically do not design platforms for specific companies and their business practices. 4) Bandwidth Costs Cloud computing, companies can save money on hardware and software; however they could incur higher network bandwidth charges. Bandwidth cost may be low for smaller Internet-based applications, which are not data exhaustive, but could significantly grow for data-exhaustive applications. 5) Reliability Cloud computing still does not always offer round the clock reliability. There were cases where cloud computing facilities suffered few hours outages. In the present and future days to expect more cloud computing providers, richer facilities, recognized standards and best practices. The capability to arrange applications transversely various carrier networks environment, under a solitary business contract. flawless conduct of every carriers definite network rule, such as chosen mobile subscriber established opt-in confirmed opt-out and privacy administration ideology. Simple APIs present comprehensible right to use to mobile services, and require no detailed information of primary network technologies.

B.

III. MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING Mobile cloud computing is new services in which most of the processing in done on the cloud. As we know that mobile and handheld devices have low storage capacity, processing speed and battery timing. These combined applications are then access above the mobile Internet, using either a thin native client or web browser on the device. However, this model for Mobile Cloud Computing still does not fully influence the powerful interactions, context and commercialization abilities of the mobile system itself. Mobile Cloud Computing builds on the principles of cloud computing, bringing elements such as on demand access, no on premise software and XaaS (Everything as a Service) to the mobile domain, adding Network as a Service (NaaS) and Payment as a Service to the maximum of on demand abilities and allowing applications to influence the full power of mobile networking and billing without the need for high-quality application servers. The phrase Mobile Cloud Computing was introduced after the concept of Cloud Computing was launched in mid-2007. It has been attracting the consideration of entrepreneurs as a advantageous business option that reduces the development and running cost of mobile applications and mobile users as a new technology to achieve rich experience of a variety of mobile facilities at low cost, and of scholars as a capable solution for green core IT [4]. The Mobile Cloud Computing Forum [5] defines MCC as Mobile Cloud computing at its simplest refers to infrastructure where both the data storage and the data processing happen outside of the mobile device. Mobile cloud applications move the computing power and data storage away from mobile phones and into the cloud, bringing applications and mobile computing to not just smart phone users but a much broader range of mobile subscribers. A. Necessities for Mobile Cloud Computing These are key characteristics of Mobile Cloud Computing that create it probable to use unspoiled service delivery in crossways the network surroundings. From the viewpoint of the venture solution provider or mobile and applications and developer, the goal of the MCC are:

Importance of Mobile Cloud Applications Mobile cloud computing is one of the mobile technology trends in the future since it combines the compensation of the integration of both mobile computing and cloud computing, thereby providing most favorable facilities for MCC users. The applications supported by mobile cloud computing including mobile commerce, mobile learning, and mobile healthcare and other areas. The below issues or challenges and related approaches for mobile cloud computing (i.e., from communication and computing areas) have been identified. The future work has been explored for the existing problems and its solutions. Mobile applications gained considerable share in a global mobile market. A variety of mobile applications have taken the compensation of Mobile Cloud Computing. C. Challenges to Mobile Cloud Computing Following are the Mobile Cloud Computing Challenges.

1) Security Issues Because Mobiles are have no proper security structure. Due to this authentication, data integrity and other problem may arise. 2) Bandwidth Issues High Bandwidth internet is required to connect with cloud. So for this purpose we have to take the high Bandwidth connection. 3) Processing Issues As we know that the mobile and other handheld devices have the very low processing. So, high processing program cannot be run on the mobile. So the response time will be increased. 4) Storage Issues As we know that the mobile and other handheld devices have the very less storage capacity. So, this is a big problem for mobile devices. 5) Battery Timing Issues As we know that the mobile and other handheld devices have the very less Battery capacity. So, this is a big problem for mobile devices.

IV.

PROBLEM AND ANALYSIS

As I have described the challenges above we first have to analyze these problems. Why these are occurring. The Bandwidth problem is occurring due to high data transfer rate

4 from cloud to mobile devices and mobile devices to cloud. So we required high bandwidth channel. Mobile and other handheld devices have very low capacity. So if we have to increase their processing capacity. So we have to compromise with their size. It means their size will be increased. These have very low storage capacity. We cannot store very large amount of data. If we want to increase storage capacity, then size of mobile increased. A. Solution This problem can be resolved by off-loading processing we can say that we should process those processes which are the heavy consumer of mobile assets. These assets should be move to the cloud. It means all the processing should be done on cloud. And send back to the mobile and mobile user use this service. But there is some security issues. May be authentication, data integrity and privacy problem. So it can be resolved by using this model. This model is consist on four things which are Authenticator, Data integrator, Mobile and Mobile Cloud in fig-3. V. CONCLUSION

MCC is growing very fatly and in future it will be used for m-learning and many more fields. The issues can be resolved by using this model. But still it is in infancy stage. It is very fine notion to get better computing power and security of mobile devices. The concern to authenticate and authorized to install mobile devices data is not be accessed by the unauthorized person of mobile and do not injurious to the mobile devices and its user .

VI.

FUTURE WORK

Cloud as library facilities and other architecture for processing large data in cloud for data mining, web mining and other applications. Above suitable application future work have wide prospects. However our work is concerned with smart devises which are favorable as hand held devices, such as iPod, tablet etc. References

[1] HTTP://JUNIPERRESEARCH.COM [ACCESSED ON 15 JULY 2012] Server

[2] RESEARCH REPORT BY ABI RESEARCH 2010.WWW.ABIRESEARCH.COM/1003385MOBILECLOUD COMPUTING
IN

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Authenticator Data Integrator

[3] HTTP://WWW.WAMPSERVER.COM/EN/ [ACCESSED ON 15 JULY 2012] [4] HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/CLOUD COMPUTING [ACCESSED ON 21 JULY 2012] [4] M. ALI, GREEN CLOUD ON THE HORIZON, IN PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLOUD COMPUTING (CLOUDCOM), PP. 451- 459, DECEMBER 2009.

Mobile Devices Mobile Devices

[5] HTTP://WWW.MOBILECLOUDCOMPUTINGFORUM.COM [ACCESSED ON 15 JULY 2012]

In this fig-3 there are four parts, first mobile devices want to connect with authenticator: authenticator authenticate the cloud user by applying some encryption algorithm which are used for authentication may Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA). Then Authenticator sends request on two sides one is cloud and other is Data integrator. The function of Data Integrator is to check the is not tempered. Data integrator sends the request to the cloud get data and copies data and user state and send the feedback to the authenticator. Then authenticator recognized the connection between these four devices.