MATH 215 Tutorial 1 Solutions PDF

Tutorial 1
MATH 215. Probability & Statistics.
Exercise 1. Given the universal set U {1, 2,3, 4,5, 6, 7,8,9} and the sets A {1, 2,5, 6} , B {2,5,7} , and C {1,3,5,7, 9} , find 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
A B and A C A B and A C
A and C A B and A C A B and A C ( A C) B
( A B) 8. ( B C ) A
9. Show that ( A B ) ( A B )
Sol) 1. 2. 3.
A B {2, 5} and A C {1,5} A B {1, 2,5, 6,7} and A C {1, 2,3,5, 7,9}
A {3, 4, 7,8,9} and C {2, 4, 6,8} 4. A B {1, 6} and A C {2, 6} 5. A B {1, 6, 7} and A C {2,3, 6, 7,9} 6. ( A C ) B {1,3, 6,9}
( A B ) {3, 4,8,9} 8. ( B C ) A {3,9}

7.
a.
A {3, 4, 7,8,9} and B {1,3, 4, 6,8,9} and ( A B ) {3, 4,8,9} ( A B )
a.
( A B ) {1,3, 4, 6, 7,8,9} ( A B )
Exercise 2. A sample of 50 engineering students was taken from KUSTAR to see whether they have taken Engineering Statistics (ES) or Linear Algebra (LA). It was found that 25 students took ES course, 20 students took LA, and 5 took both courses. Find the number of students who: 1. 2. 3. 4. took ES only did not take LA took both ES or LA (or both) took neither course
Sol) From the problem, we know that n(U ) 50 , n( ES ) 25 , n( LA) 20 , and n( ES LA) 5 . Hence, 1. 2.
n( ES LA) n( ES ) n( ES LA) 25 5 20
n( LA ) n(U ) n( LA) 50 20 30 3. n( ES LA) n( ES ) n( LA) n( ES LA) 25 20 5 40

4.
n( ES LA) n( ES LA ) n(U ) n( ES LA) 50 40 10
Exercise 3. A television news director wishes to use three news stories on an evening show. One story will be the lead story, one will be the second story, and the last will be a closing story. If the director has a total of eight stories to choose from, how many possible ways can the program be set up? Sol) P (8, 3)
8! 8 7 6 336 ways (8 3)!
Exercise 4. A car dealership has 12 cars in the showroom. The owner wishes to select 5 of them to display at Marina Mall. How many different ways can a group of 5 be selected? Sol) C (12, 5)
12! 792 ways 5!(12 5)!
Exercise 5. You must choose a password of 4 characters, the first 2 characters must be alphabetical letters and the last 2 must be digits between 0 and 9 (for a password, same letters and digits are available). 1. Find the number of passwords. 2. Find the number of passwords that begin with a vowel (A, E, I, O, U).
Sol) 1. There are 26 alphabetical letters and 10 numerical digits, so there are 26 ways to choose each of the letters, and 10 ways to choose each of the digits, therefore, n=26*26*10*10=67,600 ways 2. There are 5 ways to choose the first character, therefore, n=5*26*10*10=13,000 ways
Exercise 6. In a certain company department, there are 7 women and 5 men. We need to select 3 women and 2 men to attend a conference. How many different possibilities are there? Sol) C (7,3) * C (5, 2)
7! 5! * 350 ways 3!4! 2!3!
Exercise 7. In MATH 215 at KUSTAR, there are 35 students enrolled but only 32 attend on any given lecture. There are 40 different seats in the class. How many different seating arrangements are possible? Sol) First of all, we have to choose 32 out of 35 students who are enrolled, C (35,32) . Then, 32 enrolled students are arranged in 40 different seats, P (40, 32) . Therefore, the solution is
C (35,32) * P (40,32)
35! 40! * ways 32!3! 8!
Exercise 8. We need to send 5 people to Plant 1, 3 people to Plant 2, and 2 people to Plant 3. What is the total number of arrangements? Sol) From the problem, we have to select 5 people out of 10, and choose 3 people out of 5, and select 2 people out of 2. Therefore, C (10,5) * C (5, 3) * C (2, 2)
10! 5! 10! * *1 2520 ways. 5!5! 3!2! 5!3!2!
Exercise 9. KUSTAR needs to send 3 students out of 10 to do an internship at 3 different companies: ADNOC, GASCO, and ETIHAD. How many choices does KUSTAR have?
Sol) From the problem, the total number of people is 10, then P (10,3)
10! 10 9 8 720 ways 7!
Exercise 10. Find the number of different ways to arrange 26 alphabetical letters so that no two of the five vowels (a,e,i,o,u) occur next to each other. Sol) First of all, arrange the 21 consonants and there is P (21, 21) 21! . Then, arrange 5 vowels in 22 positions between the consonants, and there are P (22, 5) ways to do. So, the total number is
21!* P (22,5) .
More Exercise: Ex. 2.1, 2.14, 2.15, 2.21, 2.25, 2.38, 2.45

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Tutorial 1

MATH 215. Probability & Statistics.

A and C A B and A C A B and A C ( A C) B

10. Show that ( A B ) ( A B )

( A B ) {3, 4,8,9} 8. ( B C ) A {3,9}

A {3, 4, 7,8,9} and B {1,3, 4, 6,8,9} and ( A B ) {3, 4,8,9} ( A B )

10. Show that ( A B ) ( A B )

n( LA ) n(U ) n( LA) 50 20 30 3. n( ES LA) n( ES ) n( LA) n( ES LA) 25 20 5 40

n( ES LA) n( ES LA ) n(U ) n( ES LA) 50 40 10

8! 8 7 6 336 ways (8 3)!

12! 792 ways 5!(12 5)!

7! 5! * 350 ways 3!4! 2!3!

35! 40! * ways 32!3! 8!

10! 5! 10! * *1 2520 ways. 5!5! 3!2! 5!3!2!

10! 10 9 8 720 ways 7!

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