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    Ethernet Connectivity Poster

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    whatsup1243
    Brief overview of the Ethernet process

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ethernet Connectivity Poster

    Uploaded by

    whatsup1243
    178 views1 page
    Brief overview of the Ethernet process

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    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Brief overview of the Ethernet process

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    178 views1 page

    Ethernet Connectivity Poster

    Uploaded by

    whatsup1243
    Brief overview of the Ethernet process

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 1

    Ethernet Connectivity

    Getting connected on Ethernet is more than turning on a link light a complex process is required to provide complete connectivity.

    Wire it up
    Pair 2 Pair 3 Pair 3 Pair 1 Pair 4 Pair 2 Pair 1 Pair 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

    Get up to
    Speed [Mbit/s]
    10 100 1000 10,000

    Set your
    TX RX

    Speed
    Name
    10BASE-T 100BASE -TX 1000BASE-T 10GBASE-T

    Duplex
    Half Duplex
    RX TX TX RX

    Distance [m]
    100 100 100 100

    Standard/ Year
    802.3 (14)/ 1990 802.3 (24)/ 1995 802.3 (40)/ 1999 802.3an/ 2006

    Required Cabling
    Cat 3 (2 pair) Cat 5 (2 pair) Cat 5e (4 pair) Cat 6a (4 pair)

    Full Duplex

    RX

    TX

    Ethernet can run on twisted pair cabling at rates from 10Mbps to 10Gbps.

    Half duplex (HDX) requires one device to wait if the other is transmitting. Full duplex (FDX) allows traffic to flow both ways simultaneously.
    Duplex Conguration
    Auto-negotiating

    T568A

    T568B

    Negotiation occurs in this order


    (highest) 1000BASE-T Full duplex 1000BASE-T Half duplex 1000BASE-T2 Full duplex 1000BASE-T2 Half duplex 1000BASE-T4 1000BASE-TX Half duplex 10BASE-T Full duplex (lowest) 10BASE-T Half duplex
    Fixed Full Duplex
    FLP NLP 16 ms (+/- 8 ms)

    10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX use the 1-2 and 3-6 pairs. 1000BASE-T uses all four pairs.
    1 2 3 6 5 4 7 8 1 2 3 6 5 4 7 8

    Auto-negotiating
    Safe. Selects the best conguration common to both partners Works because auto defaults to half duplex if the link partner is also not auto-negotiating Fails because auto defaults to half duplex if the link partner is also not auto-negotiating

    Fixed Half Duplex


    Works because auto defaults to half duplex if the link partner is also not auto-negotiating Works, and is safe because auto-negotiation defaults to half duplex HDX device will be blocked by FDX device traffic

    Fixed Full Duplex


    Fails because auto defaults to half duplex if the link partner is also not auto-negotiating HDX device will be blocked by FDX device traffic Not recommended. Usually OK for servers and uplinks that are never disturbed

    16 ms (+/- 8 ms)

    Fixed Half Duplex

    Good cable

    Link pulse negotiation allows devices to negotiate to a common speed. The Fast Link Pulse (FLP) communicates the speed and duplex capability.

    1 2 3 6 4 5 7 8

    1 2 3 6 4 5 7 8

    A crossover cable can be used to connect two switches together. Most modern devices automatically provide the crossover function.

    Get the
    802.3af (802.3af Type 1)
    2003 12.95W 37.0 57.0V Category 3 or higher Year Adopted Maximum Power Voltage Range Cabling Required

    Duplex may be set on the device or automatically negotiated. If the settings dont match, the full duplex device will talk over the half duplex device resulting in errors or complete link failure.

    1 2 3 6 5 4 7 8

    1 2 3 6 5 4 7 8

    Power
    802.3at Type 2
    2009 A 25.5W B 42.5 57.0V Category 5 or higher 4-5, 7-8 1-2, 3-6

    25 20 Mode Cable Pairs Used 15 25.5 13 3.8 Class 1 6.5 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4

    A split pair occurs when the cables are paired improperly. For example, pins 3 and 4 are paired together instead of 3 and 6. This can cause errors or a complete failure.

    Watts

    10 5 0

    Power may be supplied in one or both of two modes.

    Power over Ethernet (PoE) is defined in two IEEE standards.

    802.3at (PoE+) supports four power levels.

    Grab an
    Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Server provides key IP connectivity information: IP address Subnet mask Gateway address Domain Name Service (DNS) server address

    Address
    Let me check... 192.168.1.12

    IP Address, please!

    Join the right

    Check your
    The most common cabling problem is mislabeling not knowing where the cable really goes. You can determine which switch and port you are connected to using Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).

    VLAN
    VLAN 180 Voice 182

    Port

    Resolve
    the Names
    Domain Name Service (DNS) maps network names to IP addresses.
    Whats the address of www.flukenetworks.com? Let me check... 192.65.40.179

    Virtual LANs (VLANs) allow the network manager to segment traffic on different ports for security and performance. But connecting into the wrong VLAN can prevent access to needed resources. LLDP packets tell you which VLANs are reachable from this port.

    Ping the Gateway


    Echo request Echo reply The ICMP echo request and reply sequence can be used to "ping" the gateway router, verifying connectivity on the local network and beyond.

    Handshake
    A TCP syn/ack sequence (aka three-way handshake or port open) tests connectivity by providing a real user request and is therefore unlikely to be discarded or blocked by routers or firewalls.

    syn syn, ack ack


    LinkRunner AT Network Tester

    with a Server

    www.flukenetworks.com/connectivity

    2012 Fluke Corporation. 9/2012 4256156A

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