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8051 C

This document provides examples of using timers and interrupts in 8051 C programming. It discusses using timers 0 and 1 to create delays in modes 1 and 2. It also gives examples of using timers for counting external pulses and creating square waves. The document discusses programming the serial port in C. It lists the interrupt numbers for the 8051 and provides examples of using timer 0 to create a square wave interrupt and sending data via a serial port interrupt.

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Trieu Do Minh
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197 views7 pages

8051 C

This document provides examples of using timers and interrupts in 8051 C programming. It discusses using timers 0 and 1 to create delays in modes 1 and 2. It also gives examples of using timers for counting external pulses and creating square waves. The document discusses programming the serial port in C. It lists the interrupt numbers for the 8051 and provides examples of using timer 0 to create a square wave interrupt and sending data via a serial port interrupt.

Uploaded by

Trieu Do Minh
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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8051 Timers in C

In 8051 C we can access the timer registers TH, TL, and TMOD directly using the reg51.h header file.
See Example 9-20

Programming Timers 0 and 1 in 8051 C

Timers 0 and 1 delay using mode 1


See Example 9-22 and Example 9-25

Timers 0 and 1 delay using mode 2


Mohammad Ravari http://ravari.mbme.ir/

See Examples 9-23 and 9-24 Look by yourself

Example 9-20 (1/2)


Write an 8051 C program to toggle bits of P1 continuously with some time delay. Use Timer 0, 16-bit mode. Solution: #include <reg51.h> void T0Delay(void); void main(void) { while(1) { //repeat forever P1=0x55; T0Delay(); //time delay P1=0xAA; T0Delay(); }}

Example 9-20 (2/2)


Assume XTML=11.0592MHz for the AT89C51 FFFFH-3500H+1=CB00H=51968 1.085s 51968 56.384ms void T0Delay() { TMOD=0x01; //Timer 0, Mode 1 TL0=0x00; TH0=0x35; //initial value TR0=1; //turn on T0 while (TF==0); //text TF to roll over TR0=0; //turn off T0 TF0=0; } //clear TF0

Example 9-25 (1/3)


A switch is connected to P1.7. Write an 8051 C program to monitor SW and create the following frequencies on P1.5. SW=0: 500 Hz; SW=1: 750 Hz. Using Timer 0, mode 1. Assume XTML=11.0592MHz for the AT89C51

Example 9-25 (2/3)


void main(void) { SW=1; //make P1.7 an input pin while(1) { //repeat forever mybit=~mybit; //toggle if (SW==0) T0Delay(0); //500Hz time delay else T0Delay(1); //750Hz time delay }}

Solution: #include <reg51.h> sbit mybit=P1^5; sbit SW=P1^7; void T0Delay(void);

Example 9-25 (3/3)


void T0Delay(unsigned char c) { TMOD=0x01; //Timer 0, Mode 1 if (c==0) { TL0=0x67; TH0=0xFC }; // FFFFH-FC67H+1=921, about 999.285s, 500 Hz else { TL0=0x9A; TH0=0xFD }; // FFFFH-FD9AH+1=614, about 666.19s, 750 Hz TR0=1; while (TF==0); TR0=0; TF0=0; }

Time Delay with Different Chips


Although the numbers of clocks per machine cycle are vary with different versions, the frequency for the timer is always 1/12 the frequency of the crystal.
To maintain compatibility with the original 8051

The same codes put on AT89C51 and DS89C420 will generate different time delay.
The factors of C compiler and MC of others instructions

The C compiler is a factor in the delay size since various 8051 C compilers generate different hex code sizes. So, we still have approximate delay only.
See Examples 9-21

Example 9-21 (1/3)


Write an 8051 C program to toggle bits P1.5 continuously every 50 ms. Use Timer 0, mode 1 for (a) AT89C51 and (b) DS89C420. Solution: #include <reg51.h> void T0Delay(void); sbit mybit=P1^5; void main(void) { while(1) { //repeat forever mybit=~mybit; T0Delay(); }}

Example 9-21 (2/3)


(a) Assume XTML=11.0592MHz for the AT89C51 FFFFH-4BFDH+1=B403H=46083 1.085s 46083 50ms void T0Delay() { TMOD=0x01; //Timer 0, Mode 1 TL0=0xFD; TH0=0x4B; //initial value TR0=1; //turn on T0 while (TF0==0); //BACK: JNZ TF0,BACK TR0=0; //turn off T0 TF0=0; } //clear TF0

Example 9-21 (3/3)


(b) Assume XTML=11.0592MHz for the DS89C4x0 FFFFH-4BFDH+1=B403H=46083 1.085s 46083 50ms void T0Delay() { TMOD=0x01; //Timer 0, Mode 1 TL0=0xFD; TH0=0x4B; //initial value TR0=1; //turn on T0 while (TF0==0); //BACK: JNZ TF0,BACK TR0=0; //turn off T0 TF0=0; } //clear TF0

8051 Counters in C
External pulses to T0 (P3.4) and T1 (P3.5). See Examples 9-26 to 9-29.

Example 9-26 (1/2)


Assume that a 1-Hz external clock is being fed into T1 (P3.5). Write a C program for counter 1 in mode 2 to count up and display the state of the TL1 count on P1. Start the count at 0H. Solution: P1 is connected to 8 LEDs. T1 is connected to 1Hz external clock. 1Hz T1
TH1

Example 9-26 (2/2)


#include <reg51.h> sbit T1=P3^5; void main(void) { T1=1; //make T1 an input pin TMOD=0x60; //counter 1, mode 2 TH1=0; //reload value while(1) { //repeat forever do {TR1=1; P1=TL1;} while (TF1==0); TR1=0; TF1=0; //clear flags }}

P1
TL1

LEDs

P3.5

Transmitting and Receiving Data in C


Using C to program the serial port.
Example 10-15

Serial Port Programming in C

Example 10-15
Write an 8051 C program to transfer the letter A serially at 4800 baud continuously. Use 8-bit data and 1 stop bit. Solution : #include <reg51.h> void main(void) { TMOD=0x20; SCON=0x50; TH1=0xFA; //4800 baud rate TR1=1; while (1) { SBUF=A; while (TI==0); TI=0; } }

Interrupt Programming in C

8051C Interrupt Numbers


The 8051 C compilers have extensive support for the 8051 interrupts with two major features as follows:
1. They assign a unique number to each of the 8051 interrupts, as shown in Table 11-4. 2. It can also assign a register bank to an ISR. This avoids code overhead due to the pushes and pops of the R0-R7.

Table 114 8051/52 Interrupt Numbers in C

Example 11-14 (1/3)


Write an 8051 C program that continuously gets a single bit of data form P1.7 and sends it to P1.0. While simultaneously creating a square wave of 200 s period on pin P2.5. Use timer 0 to create the square wave. Assume XTML=11.0592MHz. Solution: 8051 Using Timer 0, mode 2. LED P1.0 100s /1.085s =92 TH0=256-92=164=A4H Switc h P1.7 P2.5
200s

Example 11-14 (2/3)


#include <reg51.h> sbit SW=P1^7; sbit IND=P1^0; sbit WAVE=P2^5; //Interrup subroutine for creating WAVE void timer0(void) interrupt 1 { WAVE=~WAVE; //toggle pin }

Example 11-14 (3/3)


void main(void) { //setup Timer Interrupt 1 TMOD=0x02; TH0=0xA4; //TH0=-92 IE=0x82; //enable interrupts for timer 0 TR0=1; //start the timer 0 //setup SW IND SW=1; //make P1.7 an input pin while(1) { IND=SW; //send switch to LED }}

Example 11-15 (1/4)


Write a C program that continuously gets a single bit of data from P1.7 and sends it to P1.0 in the main, while as same as simultaneously Ex 11-14 (a) creating a square wave of 200 s period on pin P2.5. (b) sending letter A to the serial port. Use timer 0 to create the 8051 square wave. LED P1.0 Assume XTML=11.0592MHz. Use the 9600 baud rate
Switch Serial Port P1.7 P2.5 TxD
200s

Example 11-15 (2/4)


Solution: #include <reg51.h> sbit SW=P1^7; sbit IND=P1^0; sbit WAVE=P2^5; //Interrup subroutine for creating WAVE void timer0(void) interrupt 1 { WAVE=~WAVE; //toggle pin }

Example 11-15 (3/4)


//Interrup subroutine for sending A void serial0() interrupt 4 { if (TI==1) { SUBF = A; //send A TI=0; //clear interrupt } else { RI=0; //clear interrupt } }

Example 11-15 (4/4)


void main(void) { SW=1; //make P1.7 an input pin TH1= -3; //9600 baud rate TMOD=0x22;//mode 2 for both timers TH0=0xA4; //TH0=-92 SCON=0x50; TR0=1; TR1=1; IE=0x92; //enable interrupts for timer 0 while(1) { IND=SW; //send switch to LED }}

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