CONJUNCTIONS Conjunctions are used to link words, phrases or sentences.

Uses Show similarity or close relationship

Conjunctions And As well as Not only...but also

Examples 1. Jack and Jill went up the hill. 2. Conrad is stupid as well as lazy. 3. The boy was not only rude but also naughty.

4. Besides reading, she likes listening to music. 5. Aziz stole some money from his father's wallet. He also took the credit card. Both...and... ... 6. Both my father and my mother did not attend the ...... piano recital. Show contrast

But Still Though / although Yet

1. Shalini is smart but lazy. 2. The boy passed his exam with flying colours, still his parents were not happy. 3. Although/though it was raining, the game was not canceled. 4. Mrs. Goh's leg was amputated yet she moves around on her own. 1. She will fail her exam unless she works harder. 2. The little boy must apologize or else his mother will punish him. 3. We can arrive home early if we take a taxi. 1. The farmer worked hard so that his harvest would be plentiful. 2. The businessman worked day and night in order to make money. 1. She pulled her coat tighter as the wind blew harder. 2. When she heard the good news, she jumped for joy. 3. While I was cooking dinner, the gas went out. 1. Would you like to play indoor or outdoor games? 2. Either my father or my mother will attend the meeting. 1. Neither Jack nor Wendy was involved in the accident. 2. Both Puan Molly and Mr. Chan are out for the evening. 1. I felt sick so I went to see the doctor. 2. She was late for class, therefore she had to stand outside. 3. They could not pay the rent. Consequently they were asked to leave the apartment. 4. It was raining heavily as a result the people were evacuated to a higher ground. 1

Show condition

Unless Or else If

Show purpose of an action

So that In order to

Show action or events that happen at the same time

As ...... When ...... While ... Or Either...or ...

To express choice

To show similarity in the idea Neither...nor (negative)

Both...and (positive)
......

Show result of an action

So Therefore Consequently As a result

Show reason for an action

As Because For Since

1. As it was holiday, they went to watch a movie. 2. She did not sit for the exam because she was sick. 3. Don't disturb father because he is busy completing his accounts. 4. Our headmistress will not be here since she is sick.

Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with the correct conjunctions. 1. She told me that she will return my book but has not done so. 2. You are already late for school so you'd better hurry, said Mrs Goh to her daughter. 3. I have not had my bath yet because the water supply has been disrupted. 4. You can either eat chappati or rice for dinner. 5. Li Tim stood silently as his mother scolded him for being rude to his teacher. 6. The cat keeps coming to my house although I have been chasing it away each time. 7. She is disappointed because her sister had promised her a present but she has not receive yet. 8. She will not listen to anyone's advice or speak to anyone about her problem because no one pays attention to her. 9. You'd better buy me the same book or pay me for it, Shan Yi warned Ida. 10. He was playing truant for the past two months. So , he has been suspended from school. Exercise 2 Read the incomplete sentences below carefully. Put appropriate conjunctions where necessary. Then rewrite the complete sentences in the correct form. 1. They are poor kind-hearted. They are poor but kind-hearted. 2. Neither my husband I am attending the wedding. Neither my husband nor I am attending the wedding. 3. We quickly closed the windows there was lightning and thunderstorm. We quickly closed the windows because there was lightning and thunderstorm. 4. We can go there either by bus train. We can go there either by bus or train. 5. I like this dress it is of my favourite colour and its design is beautiful. I like this dress because it is of my favourite colour and its design is beautiful. 6. You have to submit your homework today your parents will be called to the school to see the discipline teacher, said Mrs. Lee to Anita angrily. You have to submit your homework today or your parents will be called to the school to see the discipline teacher, said Mrs. Lee to Anita angrily. 7. My mother was cooking I was baking a cake. My mother was cooking while I was baking a cake. 8. We watched television till late night we got up late this morning. We watched television till late night so we got up late this morning. 9. My mum loves plants and flowers hates gardening. My mum loves plants and flowers but hates gardening.

Exercise 3 Underline the correct answers. 1. Amin enjoyed himself at the birthday party (and,but) his brother did not as he was not feeling well. 2. Mrs. Tim warned her son,Your father is very upset over your poor results (or , so) you better stop watching television too often. 3. I was not able to revise my lessons last night (although , because) electricity supply was disrupted at my house. 4. We can fly to Singapore (although , or) travel by road. 5. The students sat quietly at their seats (and , while) their teacher sorted out their exam papers. 6. Tee Yen still plays truant in school (and , although) he has been given several stern warnings by the discipline board. 7. The children have been told by their parents that they will be given gifts (so , but) they have yet to receive them. 8. I will (either , neither) go to her house (or , nor) see her again. It is because she has been very dishonest to me all this while. 9. We will attend (either,or) Nina's wedding (or,nor) Sha's wedding because both are at the same time. 10. My uncle was not punctual for an important meeting yesterday (but , because) of the massive traffic jam. Exercise 4 Read the paragraph below. Choose the correct answers. (As , When) Mrs Tim returned home from work last week, she reminded Adrian to study (but , because) his mid-year exam was around the corner. Adrian turned a deaf ear and continued playing football. (As a result , And) he failed his exam. Neither his mother (nor , or) his father spoke to him. That was (because , for) they annoyed with him. Adrian felt upset. (Therefore , But) he promised to work hard. He prepared a timetable (so , and) followed it strictly. After that, he excelled in his studies (and , but ) games. Exercise 5 Underline the error, then rewrite the complete sentences in the correct form. 1. She is pretty and short. She is pretty but short. 2. We walked home fast and it was going to rain heavily. We walked home fast as it was going to rain heavily. 3. I neither like coffee or tea. I neither like coffee nor tea. 4. We can pay for the trip either today and tomorrow. We can pay for the trip either today or tomorrow. 5. Her parents are taking her for a holiday although she passed her exam with flying colours. Her parents are taking her for a holiday because she passed her exam with flying colours. 6. Kok Wah loves to tell lies but he has been punished by his parents. Kok Wah loves to tell lies so he has been punished by his parents. 7. Linda was studying because her mother was listening to some music. Linda was studying while her mother was listening to some music. 8. You have to finish your homework or else you have some valid reason. You have to finish your homework unless you have some valid reason.