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GPS40
TM
Personal
Navigator
TM
Owners
Manual
&
Reference
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:20 PM Page 1
GPS 40
Personal Navigator
TM
OWNERS MANUAL
i
Introduction
Foreword
Software Version 2.0 or above
1994 GARMIN INTERNATIONAL
9875 Widmer Road, Lenexa, KS 66215, USA
All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic or manual, including photocopying
and recording, for any purpose without the express written permission of
GARMIN.
Information in this document is subject to change without notice. GARMIN
reserves the right to change or improve their products and to make changes in
the content without obligation to notify any person or organization of such
changes or improvements.
June 1994
Part #190-00063-00 Rev. B
Printed in Taiwan.
GARMIN, GPS 40, Personal Navigator, AutoLocate and MultiTrac8 are all
trademarks of GARMIN Corporation, and may not be used without the
expressed permission of GARMIN Corporation.
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:44 PM Page i
ii
CAUTION
The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States, which
is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to
changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equip-
ment. Although the GPS 40 is a precision electronic NAVigation AID
(NAVAID), any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted, and therefore
become unsafe.
Use the GPS 40 at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation,
carefully review and understand all aspects of this Owners Manual and thor-
oughly practice operation using the simulator mode prior to actual use. When
in actual use, carefully compare indications from the GPS 40 to all available
navigation sources including the information from other NAVAIDs, visual
sightings, charts, etc. For safety, always resolve any discrepancies before con-
tinuing navigation.
NOTE: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is
subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harm-
ful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Introduction
Cautions
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:44 PM Page ii
iii
Welcome to the smallest, easiest-to-use GPS navigator for recreational use!
The GPS 40 represents GARMINs continuing commitment to provide out-
doors sports enthusiasts with quality navigation information in a versatile,
accurate and user-friendly design youll enjoy for years to come.
To get the most of your new GPS unit, it is important that you take the time
to read through this owners manual to understand the operating features of
the GPS 40. The manual is organized into two sections for your convenience:
Section One introduces you to the basic features of the unit and provides a
quick-start orientation to the GPS 40. It has been designed to acquaint you
with the unit and provide a basic working knowledge necessary to use the unit
in typical conditions.
Section Two provides a detailed reference to the advanced features and
operations of the GPS 40 in a topical format. This allows you to concentrate
on a specic topic quickly, without reading through entire sections of text that
you may not need.
Thanks for choosing the GARMIN GPS 40. We hope it will help you get the
most out of your outdoor recreation adventures. If you have any questions
concerning the operation of the GPS 40, contact our Product Support staff at
913-599-1515 or 913-599-2103 (FAX).
Preface
Introduction
Preface
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:44 PM Page iii
iv
Designed for easy operation, the GARMIN GPS 40 offers powerful features
that make navigation come alive in the palm of your hand:
Precision Performance
MultiTrac8
TM
receiver tracks and uses up to 8 satellites simultaneously
for fast, accurate positioning
Differential-Ready just add the optional GBR 21 beacon receiver for
under 10 meter accuracy
Dry nitrogen-lled case for all-weather use
Up to 20 hours of battery life on 4 AA alkaline cells in battery saver mode
Advanced Navigating and Plotting
250 alphanumeric waypoints
List of 9 nearest waypoints
20 reversible routes
MOB mode with bearing and distance to mark
Moving Map Plotting with scales from 320 to 1/5th statute mile
Graphic pages for Satellite Status, Position, Plotting and CDI Navigation
Active graphic display of cardinal heading
Simple, One-Handed Operation
Efficient 2-speed thumbkey control
Weighs under 9.5 ounces with batteries
GPS 40 Capabilities
Introduction
Capabilities
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:44 PM Page iv
v
Before getting started with your new GPS receiver, check to see that your
GARMIN GPS 40 package includes the following items. If you are missing any
parts, please contact your dealer immediately.
Standard Package:
GPS 40 Receiver
Carrying Case
Wrist Strap
GPS 40 Owners Manual
4 AA Alkaline Batteries
Quick Reference Card
Warranty Registration Card
VHS Training Tape
Optional Accessories:
Swivel Mounting Bracket
Cross-Load Data Cable
Low-Prole External Antenna
Cigarette Lighter Adapter
PC Kit
Introduction
Packing List
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:44 PM Page v
1
SECTION ONE Getting Started
GPS Overview..........................................................................................................2-3
Basic Denitions ......................................................................................................4-5
Power On/Status and Position..................................................................................6-7
Marking a Position ......................................................................................................8
Moving Map Basics......................................................................................................9
GOTO and Steering Guidance..............................................................................10-11
Pages and Menus.......................................................................................................12
Time Offset and Power Off...................................................................................12-13
Keypad Usage............................................................................................................14
SECTION TWO Reference
Satellite Status Page..............................................................................................15-16
Position Page Options ...............................................................................................17
Creating and Using Waypoints.............................................................................18-24
GOTOs and MOB Mode.......................................................................................25-26
Creating and Using Routes ...................................................................................27-32
Moving Map Plotting............................................................................................33-36
Menu Page and Auxiliary Functions .....................................................................37-46
Battery Installation ....................................................................................................47
Appendix AGlossary..............................................................................................48
Appendix BMessages ........................................................................................49-50
Appendix CTime Offset Chart ...............................................................................51
Appendix DMap Datums..................................................................................52-53
Appendix EMaintenance and Specications...........................................................54
Appendix FElectrical Wiring and Installation ........................................................55
Appendix GMounting Bracket/Wrist Strap Installation.....................................56-58
Appendix HIndex.............................................................................................59-60
Table of Contents
Table
of
Contents
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:44 PM Page 1
2
What is GPS?
GPS (Global Positioning System) is a satellite-based navigation system developed
by the U. S. Department of Defense to provide a consistent, accurate method of
simplifying navigation. Originally designed for military applications, it also pro-
vides commercial and recreational users with 24-hour, worldwide navigation cover-
age with accuracy to 15 meters (49 feet).
How Does GPS Work?
GPS navigation uses satellite ranging to determine your position in relation to a
set of satellites orbiting the earth. The GPS constellation is made up of 24 satellites,
which continuously send radio signals containing precise position and time infor-
mation for each satellite back to earth.
By knowing the position of any 3 or 4 of these satellites and calculating various
time differences between the transmitted signals, your GPS receiver can determine
its present position anywhere on earth. And once youre under way, your GPS con-
tinuously updates your position and provides speed and track information.
What are the Advantages of GPS Navigation?
For centuries, man has been searching for an accurate method of navigating the
world. From celestial navigating to loran and SatNav, each system has had its prob-
lems with weather, range and reliability.
GPS helps you get more out of your outdoor recreation by providing accurate
position and course information, anywhere in the world, regardless of the weather
or your proximity to physical geographic features. The accuracy and coverage of
GPS navigation can help make any outdoor navigation safer, smarter and more
efficient, wherever you may travel.
Introduction
GPS Overview
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3
Introduction
GPS Overview
How Does GPS Work?
1. A constellation of satellites transmit signals to earth, containing precise
position and time information for each satellite.
2. Your GPS unit searches for these sig-
nals, and locks on to as many as
eight satellite signals for con-
tinuous tracking.
3. Once the receiver is
locked onto a set of
signals, it can determine
how far away each satellite
is by measuring the time it
takes to receive each signal. By
knowing the distance and position of
3 or more satellites, the GPS receiver
can then calculate your position by using
a technique called satellite ranging. This
calculation, or triangulation, simply mea-
sures your position in reference to a set
of known objects (the GPS satellites).
4. As the GPS receiver tracks satellites, it
will continuously update your position
and provide track and speed information
while youre moving.
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4
Introduction
Basic
Denitions
The GPS 40 is a powerful navigation tool that can guide you anywhere in
the world. To better understand its operation and capabilities, it may be help-
ful to review the basic terms and concepts briey explained below.
Navigation is the process of traveling from one place to another and knowing
where you are in relation to your desired course.
Position is an exact, unique location based on a geographic coordinate system.
Most recreational navigation is based on the latitude/longitude system.
Meridians of longitude are a set of imaginary circles around the earth that pass
through the north and south poles. Longitude describes position in terms of how
many degrees it is east or west of the Prime Meridian (0 longitude).
Parallels of latitude are another set of imaginary circles that are perpendicular
to the earths polar axis. Latitude describes position in terms of how many
degrees it is north or south of the equator (0 latitude).
A waypoint marks an exact position x so it can be recalled for future use. The
GPS 40 lets you mark waypoints electronically, without physical landmarks.
Bearing is a compass direction to a particular destination (waypoint) from your
present position.
Track is a compass direction representing your course over ground.
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5
Introduction
Basic
Denitions
The diagram below provides a graphic
illustration of some navigation terms and
concepts used in GPS navigation.
A complete glossary appears on page 48.
DTK- Desired Track
BRG- Bearing
TRK- Track
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:44 PM Page 5
The rst time you power up your new GPS 40 is
an important step in getting the best possible GPS
performance. The receiver must be given an oppor-
tunity to collect satellite almanac data and establish
its present position. This process can take 7 1/2-15
minutes, and is only necessary for rst time opera-
tion or after memory loss.
Take the GPS 40 outside and nd a large, open
area (try a nearby park) that has a clear view of the
sky from horizon to horizon.
Do your best to stay away from buildings or other
structures that could block the path of signals to
the receiver. GPS signals do not travel through
rocks, mountains, buildings, metal surfaces or
other signicant structures.
Youre now ready to power up and discover the
world of GARMIN GPS navigation.
1. Hold the unit so the built-in antenna (the at area
above the display) is parallel to the ground.
2. Press and hold the
B
key rmly
to turn the unit on.
The Welcome Page will be displayed while the
unit conducts a self test. Once testing is complete,
the Welcome Page will be replaced by the Status
Page and the unit will begin acquiring satellite data.
While the GPS 40 is acquiring satellite data, relax
and browse through the rest of the Getting Started
section of the manual. If youre new to GPS naviga-
tion, be sure to review the GPS Overview and Basic
Navigation Terms on pages 2 and 3.
To prevent accidental battery power loss, the
GPS 40 will automatically shut off 15 minutes after
the last keystroke if the unit is not tracking at least
one satellite and has never acquired a position x.
6
Hold the receiver at a
comfortable height, at
arms length from your
body. If you prefer, nd
a steady surface to set
the unit on while it
acquires satellites.
Welcome Page

Getting
Started
Power On

40 rev B 8/6/98 1:44 PM Page 6

The sky view will help you
determine if a satellite sig-
nal is being blocked by
buildings, mountains or
other obstructions. As
satellites are locked onto,
the sky view indicators
will change from a
reverse-video highlight
to a standard display.
If you encounter difficulty
acquiring satellite signals,
try facing another direc-
tion or walk towards a
clearer view of the horizon.
The GPS 40s Status Page provides a visual refer-
ence of satellite acquisition and position. As the
receiver locks onto satellites, a signal strength bar
will appear for each satellite in view, with the appro-
priate satellite number (1-32) underneath each bar.
The satellite sky view shows a birds eye view of
the position of each satellite relative to the units last
known position. The outer circle represents the
horizon (north up); the inner circle 45 above the
horizon; and the center point directly overhead.
Once sufficient signals have been acquired, the
Status Page will be replaced with the Position Page.
The Position Page shows you where you are, what
direction youre heading and how fast you are
going. The graphic display at the top of the page
indicates your cardinal heading (only while youre
moving) with the track and speed indicated below.
The graphic compass display is designed to show
your current track and does not serve as a true
magnetic compass while youre standing still.
The rest of the page shows your current position
in three dimensions: latitude, longitude and alti-
tude. The GPS 40 uses this basic information to
mark exact positions as waypoints, which help
guide you from one place to another.
7

Position Page
Getting
Started
Status &
Position
Status
Battery
Indicator
Satellite Sky
View
Horizontal
Accuracy
Signal Strength
Indicators
Satellite
Number
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:45 PM Page 7
Getting to know your new GPS is as easy as tak-
ing a quick stroll around an open outdoor area. To
get the most out of this tutorial, make sure to walk
for at least the time noted for each step. This way,
youll reduce the chances of staying within the
receivers margin of error. Youll also get a much
better indication of the units visual guidance and
mapping capabilities.
Once youve acquired a position, mark it as a
waypoint for future reference.
1. Press the
M
key to capture and hold your
present position.
The Mark Position Page appears, showing the
captured position and a default 3-digit waypoint
name. Lets change the default name to something
thats a little more meaningful.
1. Press the
U
key twice to move the eld high-
light from the save eld to the name eld.
2. Press the
E
key to begin entry of your way-
point name.
3. Press and hold the
U
key to scroll through the
alphabet until the letter H appears.
4. Press the
R
key once to move the character
highlight to the next character space.
5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the word HOME
is displayed.
6. Press
E
to complete entry of the name.
7. Press the
D
key once to return the eld high-
light to the save eld.
8. Press the
E
key to conrm that you want to
save the position as a waypoint named HOME.
The Mark Position Page will be replaced by the
page displayed prior to pressing the
M
key.
8
Getting
Started
Marking a
Position
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Now that youve marked a position, its time to
take off on a brisk walk and put your GPS 40
through its paces.
1. Walk in a straight line for 2-3 minutes at a fast
pace and watch the Position Page. You can time
your distance with the on-screen clock.
The direction you are moving (your track) and
your speed are displayed on the upper part of the
screen, just below the graphic compass display. The
latitude, longitude and approximate altitude of
your position are continuously displayed in the
center of the screen, with the time of day (in UTC
time, computed from the satellites) displayed below.
Now lets change the display to the Moving Map
Page and watch the track of our trip:
1. Press the
P
key to change from the Position
Page to the Map Page.
Your current position is shown as the diamond in
the middle of the screen. The dark circle below the
diamond represents the position you created, with
the line between the two showing your track.
1. Now turn 90 to your right and walk at a fast pace
for another 2-3 minutes.
Notice how the display changes, always keeping
the direction you are moving at the top.
9
The Moving Maps
default setting is track
up orientation. It can
also be set for north up
or desired track up ori-
entation through the
map setup page.
Map Page
Getting
Started
Moving Map
Basics
Heading
Display
Current
Track
Time of
Day
Speed
over
Ground
Position
Coordinates
Altitude
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:45 PM Page 9
Now lets navigate back to our starting position,
the HOME waypoint.
1. Press the
G
key.
2. The Navigation Page will appear with the way-
point eld highlighted.
3. Press the
U
or
D
keys to scroll through
the available waypoints until HOME is
displayed.
4. Press the
E
key to conrm that you want to
navigate to the displayed waypoint.
The GPS 40 will now guide you HOME.
As you begin walking again, the Navigation Page
will display nav data and graphic steering guid-
ance. The bearing and distance to waypoint, with
your current track and speed are displayed at the
top of the screen, with your estimated time enro u t e
(ETE) and velocity made good (VMG, or the rate you
a re closing in on your destination) at the bottom.
As you head towards your destination, the mid-
dle section of the screen provides visual guidance
to your waypoint on a moving graphic highway.
The moving arrow just below the course deviation
scale always points to your selected waypoint
(HOME) relative to the direction you are moving.
10
The moving highway
provides a visual per-
spective of the distance
and direction to way-
point. The highway will
always move to point
in the general direction
of your destination, with
the relative distance
indicated by the angle
of the outside lines of
the highway.
Getting
Started
Going to a
Waypoint
Bearing to
Waypoint
Present
Track
Course
Deviation
Scale
Distance to
Waypoint
Speed
Over
Ground
Graphic
Highway
Velocity
Made Good
Estimated
Time
Enroute
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:45 PM Page 10
Your present position is represented by the dia-
mond in the center of the course deviation scale.
The line down the middle of the highway repre-
sents your desired track. As you navigate toward a
waypoint, the highway will actually move, indicat-
ing the direction youre off course, relative to the
position diamond on the CDI scale. To keep your
vessel on the desired course, simply steer toward
the center of the highway.
If you do get off the desired course by more
than 1/5th of the selected CDI range, the exact dis-
tance you are off course will be displayed where
the CDI scale setting normally appears (see the
example at right). As you approach a waypoint, a
horizontal nish line will move toward the bot-
tom of the highway. When the nish line reaches
the CDI scale, youve arrived at your destination.
Whenever the GPS 40 has something it needs to
tell you, a message indicator box will ash on
screen. When you are less than one minute from
reaching your HOME waypoint, the message box
will begin ashing.
1. To view a message, press the
P
key when
the message indicator appears.
2. Press
P
to return to the previous page.
11
Getting
Started
Steering
Guidance
Destination
Waypoint
Position
Indicator
Pointer to Waypoint
Desired
Track Line
Horizontal
Finish Line
In this example, you are
off the desired course to
the right by 0.19 miles.
To get back on course.
steer left to center the
position diamond on
the highway.
This example shows
you are off the desired
course to the left by 0.08
miles. To get back on
course. steer right to
center the position dia-
mond on the highway.
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:45 PM Page 11
Now that youve arrived HOME, scroll
through the main pages of the GPS 40.
1. Press the
P
key to scroll through the ve
main pages in sequence.
2. Press the
Q
key to scroll through pages in
the opposite direction.
The Menu Page allows you to view waypoint or
route information and customize various functions
of the GPS 40. To get a feel of how the Menu Page
works, lets set the time of day for your location.
1. Press the
P
or
Q
key until the Position
Page appears. Note the longitude of your cur-
rent position (the bottom position value).
2. Press the
P
or
Q
key until the Menu Page
is displayed.
3. Press the
U
or
D
key until operation setup
is highlighted.
4. Press the
E
key.
5 Press
D
until the offset value is highlighted.
6. Press the
E
key.
Refer to the appendix C for the appropriate
UTC offset for your longitude. Remember to add
1 hour if you are in Daylight Savings Time.
Once youve found the appropriate time offset,
enter it in the offset eld.
12
Getting
Started
Page Sequence
and Menus
Use the Page and Quit keys to continuously scroll through the main pages in either direction.
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:45 PM Page 12
To enter the time offset:
1. If you are entering a negative offset, press
the
L
key to move the character highlight to the
+/- eld. Press
U
to select a negative offset.
2. Press the
R
key to move to each character posi-
tion, and use the
U
or
D
keys to enter an off-
set value in each position.
3. Press the
E
key to conrm your time offset.
4. Press the
P
key to return to the Menu Page.
Because time zone boundaries do not follow exact
meridians of longitude, there may be some
instances where the offset indicated does not
result in the correct time for your position. Simply
add or subtract the difference from the offset for
the correct time.
Youve now gone through the basic operation
of your new GPS and probably know a little
more than you think about how it works. We
encourage you to experiment with the GPS 40
until it becomes an extension of your own
navigation skills.
If you encounter any problems using the unit
or want to take advantage of the GPS 40s
advanced features, refer to the reference section.
To turn the GPS 40 off:
1. Press and hold the
B
key for 3 seconds.
Thank you for choosing the GPS 40. We hope it
will be a valuable tool for you wherever you travel.
If youre storing your GPS for an extended period
of time, put in a fresh set of alkaline or lithium bat-
teries. Storing the unit with Ni-Cad batteries may
result in data loss due to the self-discharge char-
acteristics of Ni-Cad batteries.
13

The power off count-

down appears right on
screen while you hold
the power button. This
countdown helps pre-
vent accidental shutoff
and loss of data.
Getting
Started
Time Offset
and Power Off

40 rev B 8/6/98 1:45 PM Page 13

14
The GPS 40s two-speed thumbkey allows convenient, one-handed entry of
information. Press on a particular arrow key once to scroll through data
options slowly, press and hold an arrow key for faster scrolling.
Use the up and down arrow keys to select alphanumerical characters and
menu choices and to move the eld highlight from eld to eld.
Use the left and right arrow keys to move the selected character eld and
to move the eld highlight from eld to eld.
G
The GOTO key changes the display to the Navigation Page with the way-
point eld highlighted. Pressing GOTO twice activates the MOB mode.
B
The POWER key turns the unit on and off and activates screen backlighting.
To turn the unit off, press and hold the POWER key for 3 seconds.
Q
The QUIT key returns you to a previous page, or clears data entry, restoring
a data elds previous value.
P
The PAGE key scrolls through main data pages in sequence and returns the
display from a submenu page to the previous page viewed. It also displays
the message screen when a message alert appears.
M
The MARK key captures a position and displays the Mark Position Page.
E
The ENTER key conrms data entry and on-screen responses. The ENTER
key also activates highlighted elds to allow data entry.
Getting
Started
Keypad Usage
U D
L R
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:45 PM Page 14
The GPS 40 Status Page displays the status of
various receiver functions. The status information
will help you understand what the GPS is doing at
any given time.
The sky view and signal strength bars give you
an indication of what satellites are visible to the
receiver, whether or not they are being tracked,
and the signal quality. When a satellite is visible
but not being tracked, the signal strength bar will
remain blank and the sky view indicator will
remain highlighted in reverse video.
If you are losing coverage or having trouble
acquiring a position, use the sky view and signal
strength bars to guide you towards a better loca-
tion for GPS reception. If you have lost coverage
and the unit has trouble reacquiring satellites, try
shutting the unit off momentarily to reset the unit.
Receiver status is indicated at the top left of
the screen, with the current horizontal accuracy
(in feet or meters) at the top right. The status will
show one of the following conditions:
Acquiring Satellites is the rst status youll see
in normal operation. The GPS 40 is looking for
satellites to track based on its last known p o s i t i o n .
15

The satellite sky view

shows a birds eye view
of the position of each
satellite relative to the
receivers last known
position.
The outer circle repre-
sents the horizon (north
up); the inner circle 45
above the horizon; and
the center point a posi-
tion directly over your
head. Use the sky view
to help determine if
there are obstructions
shading your reception
of satellite signals.
Reference
Satellite
Status Page
Status
Battery
Indicator
Satellite Sky
View
Horizontal
Accuracy
Signal
Strength
Indicators
Satellite Numbers (1-32)
Satellite Not
Currently
Tracked
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:45 PM Page 15
2D Navigation status indicates that at least
three satellites with good geometry have been
locked onto and a 2 dimensional position x
(latitude and longitude) is being calculated. 2D
Diff will appear when you are receiving DGPS
corrections in 2D mode.
3D Navigation indicates that at least four satel-
lites with good geometry have been locked onto
and your position is now being calculated in lat-
itude, longitude and altitude. 3D Diff will appear
when you are receiving DGPS corrections in 3D
mode.
Searching the Sky indicates that the GPS 40 is
collecting new almanac data or AutoLocate
TM
mode has been selected (see page 38). This
process can take 7.5 to 15 minutes.
Poor GPS Coverage indicates that the receiver
is no longer tracking enough satellites to pro v i d e
a 2D or 3D position x.
Simulating Navigation indicates that the
receiver is in simulator mode.
Below the receiver status eld and to the left of
the satellite sky view is the battery level indicator.
The battery level indicator is calibrated for alka-
line batteries. Ni-Cad and lithium batteries will not
accurately display the battery level due to voltage
differences. No other receiver functions are
affected by using Ni-Cad or lithium batteries.
On the right side of the screen, just below the
horizontal accuracy eld is the screen backlight
indicator. When backlighting is on, a bulb icon
will appear. To turn the screen backlighting on
or off:
1. Press the
B
key.
2. To adjust the duration of screen backlighting,
refer to the operation setup section (page 39).
16

Reference
Satellite
Status Page
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:45 PM Page 16
The GPS 40 Position Page displays your current
positions latitude, longitude, altitude and time
numerically. It also displays your track (compass
direction) and speed whenever youre moving.
The Position Page also lets you enter a positions
latitude and longitude manually. During satellite
acquisition, the position displayed is the last com-
puted position stored in memory. If the receivers
position has moved several hundred miles with the
power off or memory has been lost due to battery
f a i l u re, the unit may take 7 1/2 to 15 minutes to
a c q u i re satellite data.
To speed up the acquisition process, you can enter
a m o re accurate initial position. Most maps and chart s
show the latitude and longitude of major cities.
1. Press the
D
key until the position eld is
highlighted.
2. Press
E
to begin entry of your position.
3 Use the
L
and
R
arrow keys to select the
character position you want to edit.
4. Use the
U
and
D
arrow keys to select the
value for each eld. All elds must have a value.
5. Press the
E
key to conrm your changes.
When the GPS 40 is acquiring satellites or navi-
gating in the 2D mode, the last known altitude
will be used to compute your position. If the alti-
tude shown is off by several hundred feet, enter a
corrected altitude manually for greater accuracy.
1. Press the
D
key until the altitude eld is
highlighted.
2. Press
E
to begin entry of your altitude.
3. Use the
U
and
D
keys to enter a value in
each character eld, using the
L
and
R
keys
to move to the next character position.
4. Press the
E
key to conrm the altitude.
17
The unit of measure for
speed, position and alti-
tude are all user-selec-
table. To change the
default settings for these
elds, refer to the naviga-
tion setup instructions on
page 41.
Reference
Position Page
Options
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:45 PM Page 17
Knowing your present position is only part of
any navigation equation. You also need to keep
track of where youve been and where you are
going. Waypoints serve as electronic markers that
let you keep track of starting points, destinations,
navaids and any other important position.
The GPS 40 allows you to mark, store and use
up to 250 waypoints. A waypoint position can be
entered by taking an instant electronic x or by
manually entering a coordinate or range and bear-
ing in reference to an existing waypoint. To mark
your present position (make sure you have
acquired a satellite position) as a waypoint:
1. Press the
M
key to capture your position.
The Mark Position Page appears, showing the
captured position and a default 3-digit waypoint
name. To change the default position name :
1. Press the
U
key twice to move the eld high-
light from the save eld to the name eld.
2. Press
E
key to begin entry of the name.
Pressing the
L
key will clear any existing data.
3. Use the
U
and
D
keys to enter a value in the
appropriate character eld, using the
L
and
R
keys to move to each character position.
4. Press
E
to conrm the waypoint name. The
eld highlight will move to the route eld.
If youd like to add this waypoint to a route:
1. Press the
E
key.
2. Use the
U
o r
D
keys to enter a route number.
3. Press the
E
key to conrm the route number.
4. Press the
E
key again to save the waypoint.
If you do not want to add this waypoint to a ro u t e:
1. Move the eld highlight to the save eld and
press the
E
key.
18
Reference
Marking
and Naming
Waypoints
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:45 PM Page 18
The GPS 40 has three waypoint submenu pages
that let you manage a large number of waypoints
quickly and efficiently. The nearest waypoints, way-
point list and waypoint denition pages are
accessed through the Menu Page. To select a
waypoint submenu page:
1. Press the
P
or
Q
key until the
Menu Page appears.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to highlight the way-
point submenu page you want to use.
3. Press
E
to display the submenu page.
4. To return to the Menu Page, press the
P
key.
The nearest waypoints page shows the nine near-
est waypoints that are within 100 nautical miles of
your present position, with the bearing and range
noted for each waypoint. During an emergency or
foul weather, the nearest waypoints page can give
you a quick reference to the closest points of safety
in your area.
The nearest waypoints page will also let you
GOTO a selected waypoint or retrieve a waypoint
denition page right from the list:
1. Use the
U
and
D
keys to highlight a listed
waypoint.
2. To select a highlighted nearest waypoint as a
destination, press the
G
key.
3. Once the Navigation Page appears, press the
E
key to conrm the selected waypoint as
your destination.
To review the waypoint denition page of a
selected waypoint from the list:
1. Press the
E
key.
To return to the nearest waypoint page (when
the done eld is highlighted):
1. Press the
E
key.
19
Reference
Nearest
Waypoints
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:46 PM Page 19
The waypoint list page provides you with a
complete list of all waypoints currently stored in
the GPS 40. The total number of used and free
waypoints is indicated above the waypoint list.
From the waypoint list page, you can GOTO a
selected waypoint, retrieve a waypoint denition
page or delete all user-dened waypoints.
1. Use the
U
and
D
keys to scroll through the
list and select a waypoint.
2. To select a highlighted waypoint as a destina-
tion, press the
G
key.
3. Once the Navigation Page appears, press the
E
key to conrm the selected waypoint as
your destination.
To review the waypoint denition page of a
selected waypoint from the list:
1. Press the
E
key.
To return to the waypoint list page (when the
done eld highlighted):
1. Press the
E
key.
To delete all user dened waypoints:
1. Use the
U
or
D
keys to move the cursor high-
light to the delete all waypoints eld.
2. Press the
E
key.
A warning page will appear, asking if you are
sure you want to delete all user-dened waypoints
and routes. If you want to continue and delete:
1. Press the
L
key to highlight the Yes eld.
2. Press the
E
key.
3. Press the
Q
key to return to the Menu Page.
If you do not want to delete all waypoints:
1. Press
E
with the no eld highlighted.
20
Reference
Waypoint List
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:46 PM Page 20
The last of the three waypoint management
pages is the waypoint denition page. This page
lets you create new waypoints manually, as well as
review and edit existing waypoints.
To create a new waypoint manually, youll need
to know its position coordinates or its distance and
bearing from an existing waypoint. If you know
the position coordinates for your new waypoint:
1. Press the
D
key to highlight the name eld.
2. Press
E
to begin entry of the waypoint name.
3. Use the
U
and
D
keys to enter your waypoint
name, using the
L
and
R
keys to move to the
next character position.
4. Press
E
to conrm the waypoint name. The
position eld will now become highlighted, with
the receivers last known position shown.
5. Press
E
to begin entry of the position.
6. Use the
U
and
D
keys to enter your position,
using the
L
and
R
keys to move to each
character eld.
7. Press the
E
key to conrm and save your
coordinates. The default waypoint comment
(UTC date and time of creation) will appear and
the highlight will move to the done eld.
8. Press the
E
key to return to the Menu Page.
21
Reference
Waypoint
Denition
Waypoint
Name
Reference
Waypoint
Position
Coordinates
Comment
Field
Rename
and
Delete
Fields
Done Prompt
returns the
display to
previous page
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:46 PM Page 21
To create a new waypoint manually without
knowing its position coordinates, youll need to
enter its bearing and distance from an existing way-
point. The GPS 40 will then calculate the position
coordinates for you.
1. Press
D
until the name eld is highlighted.
2. Press
E
to begin entry of the waypoint name.
3. Enter the name of your new waypoint.
4. Press the
E
key to conrm the waypoint name.
The position eld will now become highlighted,
with the receivers last known position shown.
5. Press the
D
key to move the cursor highlight to
the reference eld.
6. Press
E
to begin entry of reference waypoint.
7. Use the
U
and
D
keys to enter the name of
your reference waypoint, using the
L
and
R
keys
to move to each character eld.
8. Press the
E
key to conrm your entry.
9. Enter the bearing and distance of your new way-
point from the reference waypoint. Remember to
use the
E
key to begin entry and conrm each
eld. The coordinates will be calculated and saved
for your new waypoint.
10. Press the
E
key (when the done eld is high-
lighted) to return to the Menu Page.
22
Reference
Reference
Waypoints
Waypoint
Name
Reference
Waypoint
Position
Coordinates
are calculated
after entering
reference data
Bearing
from
Reference
Waypoint
Distance
from
Reference
Waypoint
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:46 PM Page 22
From the waypoint denition page, you can also
review and change any stored waypoints name,
position coordinates, comment eld or reference
waypoint at any time. The waypoint denition
page is also used to delete individual waypoints.
To change a waypoints position coordinates or
reference waypoint:
1. Use the
U
and
D
keys to highlight the eld
you want to edit.
2. Press
E
to begin entry in the selected eld.
3. Enter your new data.
4. Press the
E
key to conrm your changes.
Each waypoint stored in the GPS 40 has a user-
dened 16 character comment eld. The default
comment is the UTC date and time of the way-
points creation. To change or add a comment:
1. Use the
U
and
D
keys to highlight the
comment eld.
2. Press
E
to begin entry of your comment.
3. Enter your new comment.
4. Press the
E
key to conrm your changes.
The rename and delete function elds are located
at the bottom of the screen, to the left of the DONE
prompt. To select one of these functions, you need
to use the
L
key to move the cursor highlight out
of its main scrolling sequence. To rename a stored
waypoint:
1. Use the
L
and
R
keys to highlight the
rename eld.
2. Press the
E
key to activate the rename page.
3. Enter the new waypoint name and press
E
.
4. Press the
E
key to conrm your changes.
23
Reference
Editing and
Renaming
Waypoints
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:46 PM Page 23
To delete a stored waypoint:
1. Use the
L
key to move the cursor highlight from
the DONE prompt to the delete eld.
2. Press the
E
key to activate the delete page.
3. A warning message will appear, asking you to
conrm your deletion.
4. Press the
L
key to select the YES prompt.
5. Press the
E
key to delete the waypoint and
return to the waypoint page.
Waypoints that are part of an active or stored
route cannot be deleted. You must rst go to the
route page and remove the waypoint from all
routes. See pages 31 and 32 for complete
instructions on editing routes.
24

Reference
Deleting
Waypoints
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:46 PM Page 24
The GPS 40s GOTO function lets you choose any
s t o red waypoint as a destination and quickly set a
course from your present position. Once the GOTO
function has been activated, the Navigation Page
will provide you with graphic steering guidance to
your destination. To activate the GOTO function:
1. Press the
G
key.
2 The Navigation Page will appear with the way-
point eld ready to accept changes.
3. Enter your destination waypoint.
4. Press the
E
key to conrm that you want to
navigate to the displayed waypoint.
You can also quickly activate the GOTO function
f rom any other page by simply highlighting a way-
point and pressing the
G
k e y.
Another time-saving function of the GPS 40 that
you may have noticed when entering waypoint
names is the waypoint scanning feature. As you
enter waypoint characters, the screen will automat-
ically display the rst numerical or alphabetical
match of the character you have entered. This will
save you from always entering an entire waypoint
name. To use the scan feature when the waypoint
eld is highlighted:
1. Press the
L
key to clear the name eld.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to scroll through your
waypoints.
3. If you have more than one waypoint that begins
with the same letter or number, you must use the
R
key to move to the next character positions as
needed. Only the rst character match is listed
for each character set.
4. Once youve found the desired waypoint,
press
E
.
25
To cancel an active
GOTO from any page,
press the GOTO key.
Next, press the left
arrow key, and conrm
your cancellation by
pressing the ENTER
key. This will stop con-
tinued steering guidance
along the original
GOTO desired track.
Reference
GOTO
Function
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:46 PM Page 25
Marking an MOB
The GPS 40s man overboard function (MOB)
lets you simultaneously mark and set a course to a
position for quick response to passing positions.
To activate the MOB mode:
1. Press the
G
key twice.
2. The Navigation Page will appear with the default
GOTO waypoint MOB as the destination.
3. Press the
E
key to conrm the MOB entry.
The Navigation Page will now guide you to the
MOB waypoint position.
The graphic highway provides visual steering
guidance to the MOB waypoint. The moving arrow
just below the course deviation scale always points
to your selected waypoint relative to the direction
you are moving.
Your present position is represented by the dia-
mond in the center of the course deviation scale.
The line down the middle of the highway is your
desired track. As you head toward a waypoint, the
highway will move indicating the direction and
distance you are off course, relative to the position
diamond on the CDI scale. To keep yourself on
course, steer toward the center of the highway.
If you want to save the MOB waypoint, be sure
to rename it, as it will be overwritten the next time
a MOB is executed.
26
Bearing to
MOB
Speed
Over
Ground
Velocity
Made
Good
Estimated
Time of
Arrival
Present
Track
Distance to
MOB
Reference
MOB Function
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:46 PM Page 26
The GPS 40s route navigation feature lets
you plan and navigate a course from one place
to another using a set of pre-dened waypoints.
Routes are often used when its not practical, safe
or possible to navigate a direct course to a particu-
lar destination.
Routes are broken down and navigated in
smaller segments called legs. The waypoint you
are going to in a leg is called the active to way-
point, and the waypoint immediately behind
you is called the active from waypoint. The line
between the active to and the active from way-
point is called the active leg.
When you activate a route with the GPS 40, it
will automatically select the route leg closest to
your position as the active leg. As you pass a way-
point in your route, the unit will select the next
waypoint as the active to waypoint.
27
Reference
Routes
Waypoint 2
(active to waypoint)
Waypoint 1
(active from waypoint)
Active Leg
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:46 PM Page 27
The GPS 40 lets you create and store up to 20
routes of 30 waypoints each. Routes are created,
copied and edited through the route denition
page, which is accessed through the Menu Page.
To select the route denition page:
1. Press
P
until the Menu Page appears.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to highlight the
routes submenu page.
3. Press the
E
key to display the routes page.
4. To return to the Menu Page, press
P
.
The route number eld is displayed at the top of
the page, with a 16 character user comment below.
If no user comment is entered, the eld will dis-
play the rst and last waypoint in the route. The
waypoint list in the middle of the page accepts up
to 30 waypoints for each route, with elds for
desired track and distance between legs.
Below the waypoint list are the route page func-
tion elds which let you copy, clear, invert or acti-
vate the displayed route. Routes 1-19 are used as
storage routes, with route 0 always serving as the
active route you are navigating. If you want to save
a route currently in route 0, be sure to copy it to
another open route, as it will be overwritten by the
next route activation.
28
If youre heading out
without a planned route
to navigate, the GPS 40
route feature can still
provide a helping hand
back home.
Create a series of way-
points with the mark key
and save them to an
open route from the
Mark Position Page.
When you are ready to
head back home, simply
activate the route you
created in inverted order
(see page 30).
This method is especially
useful when youre in
unfamiliar trails or you
are simply running out
of daylight.
Reference
Route Page
Comment
Field
Route Leg
Distance
Desired Track
of Leg
Route Action
Fields
Route
Waypoint
Sequence
Route
Number
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:46 PM Page 28
To create a route in the GPS 40:
1. Press
E
to begin route number selection.
2. Use the
U
or
D
key to enter a route number.
3. Press the
E
key to conrm the route number.
4. Press
E
to begin entry of a route comment.
(Note that the default (rst and last waypoint)
comment will only appear if the comment eld
is blank).
5. Enter your comment and press the
E
key.
6. Highlight the No. 1 waypoint eld and press
E
.
7. Enter the name of the rst waypoint of your route
and press
E
.
8. Continue entering the rest of your waypoints in
order, using the
E
key to start and conrm
each eld entry. The list will automatically scroll
down as needed to enter up to 30 waypoints.
9. After you have nished entering all your way-
points, press
P
to return to the Menu Page.
The route denition page is also used to copy a
route to another route number. This feature is use-
ful when you make changes to the active route and
want to save the new route and the original route.
To copy a route:
1. Press
E
to begin route number selection.
2. Enter the route number to be copied and
press
E
.
3. Move the eld highlight to the copy eld and
press
E
.
4. Scroll through the available routes and select a
destination route number. Only open routes will
be available as choices. Press the
E
key to
copy the route.
5. Press the
P
key to return to the Menu Page.
29
Reference
Creating
and Copying
Routes
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:46 PM Page 29
To clear a route from memory:
1. Press
E
to begin entry of the route number.
2. Enter the route number and press
E
.
3. Select the clear eld and press
E
.
The clear route warning will appear, asking you
to conrm that you want to remove all waypoints
from the route.
1. Highlight the yes eld with the
L
key.
2. Press
E
to conrm your action.
3. Press
P
to return to the Menu Page.
After a route has been entered in the GPS 40, it
can be activated in its dened sequence or invert-
ed from the route denition page. The process of
activating or inverting a stored route takes a stor-
age route (routes 1-19) and copies it into the active
route (route 0) for navigation. The storage route is
now no longer needed and will be retained in its
original format under its existing route number.
This system allows you to have an active route
that you may edit during navigation and save as an
entirely new route from the original. You will have
to copy the active route to an unused storage route
to save it, since new route activation overwrites
route 0. To activate a route:
1. Select the route denition page and press the
E
key to activate the route number eld.
2. Enter the route number to be activated and
press the
E
key.
3. Move the eld highlight to the act eld and
press
E
.
Inverting a route allows you to navigate route
legs in reverse order, without editing the original
route. To activate a route in inverted order:
1. Follow the same steps as above, but select the
inv command eld and press the
E
key.
30
Reference
Clearing and
Activating
Routes
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:46 PM Page 30
Once a route has been activated, the Active Route
Page will appear, displaying the waypoint sequence
of your route with the estimated time enroute (ETE)
at your present speed and distance to each way-
point. As long as you are navigating an active route,
the Active Route Page will become part of the main
page sequence of the unit.
The Active Route Page will also allow you to
change the ETE eld to display desired track (DTK)
or estimated time of arrival (ETA) for each leg. You
can also clear or invert the active route. To display
DTK or ETA for each leg:
1. Highlight the estimated time enroute (ETE) eld
and press the
E
key.
2. Use the
U
or
D
keys to select DTK or ETA
and press the
E
key.
To invert a route from the Active Route Page:
1. Press the
U
key once to move the eld highlight
to the invert eld.
2. Press the
E
key to invert the route.
To clear the active route from the Active Route
Page and stop route navigation:
1. Use the
U
and
L
keys to select the clear e l d .
2. Press the
E
key to clear the active route.
Once a route has been created and stored in the
GPS 40, it can be edited at any time, even if it is the
active route. To edit a route from the Active Route
Page or the route submenu page:
1. Use the
U
and
D
keys to select the waypoint
you want to edit and press
E
.
An on-screen menu of editing choices will
appear, with options for reviewing, inserting, delet-
ing or changing the waypoint eld highlighted. Use
the
U
and
D
arrow keys to select among the
editing choices.
31
Reference
Active
Route Page
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:47 PM Page 31
Once youve selected a waypoint from the route
list, choose a menu function:
1. To review the denition page for the waypoint,
highlight the review eld and press
E
.
2. To add a new waypoint that precedes the
selected waypoint, highlight the insert eld
and press the
E
key.
3. To remove the selected waypoint, highlight the
remove eld and press the
E
key.
4. To replace the selected waypoint with a new
waypoint, highlight the change eld and press
the
E
key.
Use the route waypoint editing instructions
described earlier (see page 29) for creating a route
to complete your changes. If you are editing the
active route (route 0), copy your new route version
to an empty route to save it, as the active route will
be overwritten by a new route activation.
If you add, delete or change the rst or last
waypoint of a route, the default comment (rst
and last waypoint) will automatically be updated
after your changes.
At the beginning of this section, we mentioned
that the GPS 40 will automatically select the route
leg closest to your position as the active leg. This
will give you steering guidance to the desired track
of the active leg. If you would prefer to steer
directly to a route waypoint, you can perform an
on-route GOTO from the active route page.
1. Use the
U
and
D
keys to highlight the
desired route waypoint and press the
G
key.
2. Once the Navigation Page appears, press
E
to conrm the on-route GOTO waypoint..
Note that after you reach the on-route GOTO
waypoint, the GPS 40 will automatically resume
navigation of any previous route.
32
Reference
Editing Routes
and On-Route
GOTOs
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:47 PM Page 32
The GPS 40 features a powerful moving map
display that can do much more than just plot your
course and route. The Map Page also provides you
with a moving map cursor that will let you pan
ahead to nearby waypoints, determine the distance
and bearing to any map position and mark new
waypoints while you navigate.
The Map Page can be broken down into three
main sections:
The zoom function and panning control elds
are located at the top of the screen. There are 12
selectable zoom ranges from 0.2 to 320 miles or
0.5 to 600 km, measured vertically.
The map portion of the page is bordered by an
8 x 10 grid to help you estimate distances based
on the map scale you are using. Your present posi-
tion is indicated by a position diamond, with your
track and/or route displayed as a solid line. Nearby
waypoints are represented as squares, with the
waypoint name also listed. You may select which
of these features are shown through the map setup
submenu page (see page 43 for more information).
The last elds directly below the map show your
bearing and distance to one of three selectable des-
tinations: an active destination waypoint; a high-
lighted on-screen waypoint; or to the panning tar-
get crosshair. Your current track and speed are dis-
played just below the bearing and distance elds.
33
The GPS 40 has on-
screen range rings to
help you estimate dis-
tances relative to your
present position. The
value of each ring is
determined by the cur-
rent zoom scale.
The distance value of
each ring is equal to
1/5th of the current
zoom range, with the
interval of each ring
noted below the rst
range ring.
To turn the range ring
display on or off (the
default setting is off),
see the map setup
instructions on
page 43.
Reference
Moving Map
Page
Track
and Speed
Fields
Present
Position
Indicator
Panning
Control Field
Bearing
and
Distance
Fields
Zoom
Control
Field
8 x 10
Grid Scale
(10 vertical)
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:47 PM Page 33
There are three main functions you can perform
from the Map Page zooming, pointing and pan-
ning. Each of these functions has its own eld,
which may be selected and activated for use.
Whenever the Map Page rst appears, the zoom
eld (at the top left) is always selected. The Map
Page has 12 map scales which are selected through
the zoom function eld. To select a zoom scale:
1. Press
L
or
R
to highlight the zoom e l d .
2. Press the
E
key to begin range selection.
3. Use the
U
or
D
keys to scroll through and
nd the desired range scale.
4. Press
E
to conrm your selection.
The second function eld on the Map Page is
the pan eld, located at the top right of the screen.
The pan function allows you to move the map
with the four arrow keys to view areas outside the
current map. To activate the pan function:
1. From the zoom eld, use the
R
key to highlight
the pan eld.
2. Press the
E
key to activate the pan function.
3. Use the arrow keys to move the map in any
direction. .
As you begin to move the map, a crosshair will
appear. This crosshair will now serve as a target
marker for the moving map. The distance and
bearing to destination will now be replaced by
the distance and bearing from your present
position to the target crosshair.
As you pan around the moving map display,
youll notice that the target crosshair will snap to
on-screen waypoints and highlight the waypoint
name. Once a waypoint name is highlighted, you
can review its waypoint denition page or execute
a GOTO function right from the Map Page.
34
Reference
Moving Map:
Zooming and
Panning
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:47 PM Page 34
To review the denition page for a waypoint
highlighted in the map eld:
1. Press the
E
key.
2. To return to the Map Page, press
E
.
To GOTO a waypoint highlighted in the map
eld:
1. Press the
G
key.
2. Press the
E
key to conrm the destination.
3. To return to the Map Page, press the
Q
key.
To stop the panning function and return to your
present position:
1. Press the
Q
key.
The last eld on the Map Page is the map itself.
From the zoom or pan elds, the cursor highlight
may be moved into the map display by pressing the
down arrow key. The arrow keys will now move the
highlight through the map and point at on-screen
waypoints. To point at a displayed waypoint:
1. Use the arrow keys to move the cursor highlight
from the zoom eld into the map eld.
2. Once you are in the map eld, use the four arrow
keys to scroll through on-screen waypoints. The
arrow key you use will determine the direction of
your scroll. Once you have scrolled through all
the waypoints, the cursor will move back to the
zoom or pan function eld.
Once a waypoint has been selected in the map
eld, its distance and bearing from your present
position will be displayed in the destination eld.
You can also review its waypoint denition page or
select it as a GOTO destination by following the
same steps outlined above for waypoints highlight-
ed on the map eld.
35
Reference
Moving Map:
On-Screen
Waypoints
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:47 PM Page 35
One of the benets of a moving map display is
being able to pan to different map areas and see
whats out there. To get the most out of panning,
youll need to be able to zoom in and out while
youre panning. This lets you move the map at a
faster speed and zoom in for waypoint details.
Once the pan function is activated, the cursor
highlight moves back to the zoom eld. To adjust
the zoom range while panning:
1. Press the
E
key to begin range selection.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to select the desired
zoom range.
3. Press
E
to return to normal panning mode.
During panning, the crosshair represents a target
position right on the moving map, with the range
and bearing to the target displayed at the bottom
of the screen. You can also use the target crosshair
to mark a new waypoint position or as a GOTO
destination right from the map eld. To mark the
target crosshair position as a new waypoint:
1. Press the
M
key to capture the position.
2. Enter a new name and route number if you wish.
3. Press the
E
key to return to the Map Page.
You can also use the target crosshair as an
instant GOTO destination. Similar to the MOB
mode, this function will mark and instantly set a
course for a new waypoint called MAP. To GOTO
the target crosshair:
1. Press the
G
key to capture the position.
2. Press the
E
key to conrm the MAP GOTO.
3. Press
Q
to return to the Map Page.
If you want to save the MAP waypoint, be sure
to rename it, as it will be overwritten the next time
a map GOTO is executed.
36
Reference
Map Page:
Advanced
Zooming
and Panning
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:47 PM Page 36
The GPS 40 Menu Page provides access to sub-
menu pages that are used to select and customize
operation and navigation setup. The 11 submenus
are divided into categories by function. The way-
point and route management submenus are dis-
cussed in their own respective sections. Well now
address the rest of the submenus in the order they
appear on the Menu Page. To select a submenu
page from the Menu Page:
1. Highlight the submenu page you want to view.
2. Press the
E
key to display the submenu page.
3. To return to the Menu Page, press the
P
key.
The distance and sun calculation page will give
you the distance and bearing between any two way-
points and calculate the sunrise and sunset (in local
time) at a destination waypoint for a particular date.
To perform a distance and sun calculation:
1. Highlight the from eld and enter the desired
waypoint. Press
E
to move to the next eld.
2. Highlight the to eld and enter the destination
waypoint. Press the
E
key to calculate the
range and bearing to the destination waypoint.
3. Highlight the date eld and enter the date for
your destination. Press the
E
key to display
the sun information.
The messages page displays all current messages
in the GPS 40. There are two types of messages:
temporary alerts (eg. approaching a waypoint) and
condition alerts (eg. battery power is low). All mes-
sages are initially indicated by a ashing on-screen
indicator. After a temporary alert has been viewed,
it is cleared from the message page. Condition alerts
are displayed on the messages page until the condi-
tion has been resolved. To view the messages page:
1. Move the eld highlight to the messages eld
and press
P
.
See appendix B for a complete list of messages.
37
Reference
Sun Calculation
and Messages
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:47 PM Page 37
The remaining submenu selections on the Menu
Page are grouped together as setup pages. The rst
setup page is the operation setup page, which is
used to select the operating mode, time offset and
screen and tone preferences.
The GPS 40 has four available operating modes:
Normal Mode operates the unit at maxi-
mum performance, and should provide a bat-
tery life of 10 hours on alkaline batteries.
Battery Saver Mode is suitable for most
applications, and extends battery life to up
to 20 hours on alkaline batteries.
Simulator Mode allows you to operate the
unit without acquiring satellites, and is ideal
for practicing or entering waypoints and
routes while at home.
AutoLocate
TM
Mode forces the receiver to
search for a new set of satellites in situations
where you have moved more than 300 miles
from the units last known position.
To select an operating mode:
1. Move the eld highlight to the mode eld and
press the
E
key.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to choose the desired
mode and press
E
.
The date and time eld is located directly below
the mode eld. The date and time are calculated
from satellites and cannot be edited. Because the
time shown is UTC time, you will need to enter a
time offset to display the correct local time for
your area. To determine the time offset for your
area, note your current position and refer to the
chart on appendix C. To enter the time offset:
1. Move the eld highlight to the offset eld and
press the
E
key.
2. Enter the time offset for your longitude and press
E
. Remember to select a positive or negative
indicator for your offset.
38
Reference
Operation
Setup
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:47 PM Page 38
The GPS 40 features adjustable screen contrast
for optimum viewing in any condition. The screen
contrast is set by using an on-screen bar scale. To
set the screen contrast:
1. Move the eld highlight to the contrast eld
and press the
E
key.
2. Use the
L
and
R
keys to adjust the bar scale for
the desired contrast and press the
E
key.
The screen backlight timer is adjustable for
0, 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 seconds. The 0 setting
will keep the screen backlighting on as long as the
unit is on (NOTE: keeping the light on the 0 setting
continuously will reduce battery and bulb life).
Whenever backlighting is on, a bulb icon will
appear on the Status Page. To set the timer:
1. Move the eld highlight to the backlight time
eld and press the
E
key.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to toggle through and
select the desired setting. Conrm the setting by
pressing the
E
key.
3. To turn lighting on and off, press
B
briey.
The last available eld on the operation setup
page is the tone eld. This eld lets you specify an
audible tone for message alerts and keystroke con-
rmation. The tone may be set to sound for mes-
sages only, messages and keystrokes or no sound at
all. To select a tone setting:
1. Move the eld highlight to the tone eld and
press the
E
key.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to select the desired
setting. Conrm the setting by pressing
E
.
Weve now gone through the operation setup
submenu and its various settings. To return to the
Menu Page:
1. Press the
P
key.
39
Reference
Screen Display
& Tone
Preferences
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:47 PM Page 39
The navigation setup page is used to select units
of measurement for position format, map datum,
CDI scale, and distance, speed and heading infor-
mation.
The default position setting for the GPS 40 is
latitude and longitude in degrees and minutes
(hdddmm.mmm). You may also select degrees,
minutes and seconds (hdddmmss.s); degrees
only (hddd.ddddd); UTM/UPS coordinates; or
British, Irish or Swiss Grid formats:
1. Move the eld highlight to the position format
eld and press the
E
key.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to select the desired
setting. Conrm the setting by pressing
E
.
The map datum eld is located just below the
position format eld, and comes with a WGS 84
default setting. Although 102 total map datums are
available for use (see the map datum listing in
appendix D), you should only change the datum if
you are using maps or charts that specify a differ-
ent datum than WGS 84. To enter a different map
datum:
1. Move the eld highlight to the datum eld and
press the
E
key.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to toggle through and
select the desired setting. Conrm the setting by
pressing the
E
key.
40
The GPS 40 comes with
the latitude and longi-
tude position format and
WGS 84 map datum as
the default settings.
The WGS 84 map
datum is a worldwide
datum thats suitable for
use with most govern-
ment maps and charts.
Only change the map
datum if the charts you
are using specify a
different map datum
in the legend.
WARNING!
Using the wrong datum
can seriously effect the
accuracy of your GPS.
Always set the GPS to
the same datum indicat-
ed on the topographical
maps or charts you
are currently using.
Reference
Navigation
Setup
Map Datum
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:47 PM Page 40
The course deviation indicator (CDI) scale de-
nition eld lets you select the +/- range of the CDI
bar scale. Three scales are available: +/- 0.25, 1.25
and 5.0 miles or kilometers, with 0.25 being the
default setting. To enter a CDI scale setting:
1. Highlight the CDI scale eld and press
E
.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to select the desired
CDI scale setting.
3. Press the
E
key to conrm the selection.
The GPS 40 lets you select statute (default),
nautical or metric units of measure for all speed
and distance elds. To change the unit of measure:
1. Highlight the units eld and press the
E
key.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to select the desired
unit of measure.
3. Press the
E
key to conrm the selection.
The GPS 40s heading information can be dis-
played referencing magnetic north (automatic or
user-dened), true north or calculated grid head-
ings. The default setting is automatic magnetic
north, which is suitable for most applications. To
select a reference:
1. Highlight the heading eld and press
E
.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to select the desired
heading preference.
3. Press the
E
key to conrm the selection.
To enter a magnetic heading:
. 1. Select the user mag heading and press
E
.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to enter the degrees
and direction of magnetic variation.
3. Press the
E
key to conrm the magnetic
variation value.
41
Reference
CDI, Speed &
Heading Setup
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:47 PM Page 41
The track log setup page lets you manage the
GPS 40s tracking data. From this page, you c a n
select whether or not to re c o rd a track and den e
how it is re c o rded. To turn the track log on or off :
1. Highlight the record track eld and press
E
.
2. Select yes or no and press
E
.
The stored track criteria determines how often
positions are stored in the track log. The default
setting is automatic, which stores track based on
resolution. This setting gives you the most efficient
use of track memory. To change the criteria to
record points based upon a specic time interval:
1. Highlight the criteria eld and press
E
.
2. Use the
U
or
D
key to select time interval
and press
E
.
3. Press
E
to begin entry of the interval.
4. Enter a value in hours, minutes and seconds in
the eld and press the
E
key.
The rest of the track log setup page displays the
percentage of available memory currently used to
store track log data and a function eld to clear the
track log memory. To clear the track log:
1. Highlight clear track log? and press
E
.
2. A warning page will appear, asking you to con-
rm your actions. Use the
L
key to move the
eld highlight to the yes eld and press
E
.
The map setup page lets you select map orienta-
tion and specify what items are displayed. The
map may be oriented to north up, the direction of
current travel (track up) or the direction of an
active route leg (desired track up). The default set-
ting is track up. To change the map orientation:
1. Highlight the orientation eld and press
E
.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to toggle through and
select the desired setting and press
E
.
42
Reference
Track Log and
Map Setup
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 42
The rest of the map setup page lets you specify
what items are displayed or plotted on the Map
Page. The rst 4 plot items may be turned on or off
by selecting yes or no in the appropriate eld:
The rings selection will display the 3
present position range rings on the map.
The route selection will plot the straight leg
lines between waypoints of an active route
and display all route waypoint names.
The nearest selection will display the nine
nearest waypoints to your present position
(not to the target cursor on the map).
The names selection will display the way-
point name for the nine nearest waypoints.
To turn a plotted item on or off:
1. Highlight the conrmation (yes or no) eld for the
plotted item and press
E
.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to select yes or no
and press the
E
k e y .
The track log sets the number of points the unit
will attempt to plot. The maximum setting is 768
points. Once youve reached the maximum number
of track points, the older points will be lost as new
points are added. To enter a log setting:
1. Highlight to the track log eld and press
E
.
2. Enter a value in the 3-digit eld and press
E
. If
you do not want to display a track, enter 000.
The last GPS 40 setup page is the I/O setup page.
This page lets you specify the interfacing formats
for connecting external devices. There are ve I/O
options available: GRMN/GRMN, None/None,
None/NMEA, RTCM/None, and RTCM/NMEA.
Each designation lists the input format rst, fol-
lowed by the output format. To select I/O format:
1. Highlight the I/O eld and press
E
.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to toggle through and
select the desired setting and press
E
.
43
Reference
Map and
I/O Setup
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 43
The GRMN/GRMN setting is a proprietary for-
mat that lets you exchange information such as
waypoints, routes and track logs between two GPS
40s or a PC with an optional GARMIN PC kit.
During data transfer, the number of packets being
exchanged will be displayed on screen. To select a
transfer option:
1. Highlight the host eld and press
E
.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to select the desired
setting and press
E
.
To disable all GPS 40 interfacing capabilities,
select the None/None setting. If you want to out-
put NMEA data to compatible external devices
without any differential input capability, select
the None/NMEA setting.
Once a NMEA output setting has been selected
(with or without RTCM input), the NMEA eld
will become highlighted. To choose an NMEA
format (0180, 0182 or 0183 version 1.5 or 2.0):
1. Press
E
to begin a NMEA selection.
2. Use the
U
and
D
keys to select the desired
setting and press
E
.
3. The baud rate will be selected automatically.
The last two format settings allow the GPS 40
to accept RTCM DGPS corrections in RTCM 104
version 2.0 format. The RTCM/NONE format will
allow connection to any manually tuned beacon
receiver with the proper output interface, with the
baud rate selectable from the GPS 40.
The RTCM/NMEA selection controls the
GARMIN GBR-21 beacon receiver. Once a RTCM
setting has been selected, the GPS 40 will automat-
ically try to tune the last frequency and bit rate
you selected or will switch to the default frequency
of 304.0 kHz with a bit rate of 100 bps if no previ-
ous beacon has been tuned. You may also enter
your own frequency and bit rate if desired.
44
Reference
I/O and DGPS
Setup
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 44
To enter a DGPS beacon frequency:
1. Highlight the freq eld and press
E
.
2. Enter the desired frequency and press
E
.
3. Highlight the rate eld and press
E
.
4. Use the
U
and
D
keys to select the desired
transmission rate.
5. Press the
E
key to conrm your entry.
When the GPS 40 is receiving DGPS corre c t i o n s
f rom the GBR-21, the beacon receiver section of the
I/O setup page will display the beacon fre q u e n c y a n d
signal strength, as well as the distance from the trans-
mitter to the beacon re c e i v e r.
At the bottom of the beacon receiver eld, a sta-
tus message will constantly keep you informed of
DGPS activity:
A tuning message will be displayed while a
beacon signal is being tuned.
Once the beacon signal has been tuned, the
status message will display a receiving
message.
If a beacon signal is tuned and no corre c t i o n s
are being received, a no data message will
be displayed.
If a beacon signal cannot be tuned, a no
status message will be displayed.
The GPS 40 will also display alert messages con-
c e rning DGPS operation through the message page.
Three DGPS messages may appear:
No DGPS Position indicates that not
enough data is available to compute DGPS
position.
No RTCM Input indicates that the beacon
receiver is not properly connected or the
baud rates do not match.
RTCM Input Failed indicates that DGPS
data was being received but has been lost.
45
The GARMIN GBR 21
is the recommended
beacon receiver for use
with the GPS 40.
Other RTCM 104 v. 2.0
receivers are compatible
with the GPS 40, but
may not provide com-
plete on-screen status
or tuning control.
Beacon Receiver Status
Reference
Beacon
Receiver Data
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 45
The GPS 40s simulator mode lets you practice
all aspects of its operation without active satellite
acquisition. You can also plan and practice trips,
enter new waypoints and routes and save them for
use during normal operation.
The simulator is activated from the Menu Page,
with speed and heading controlled from the Position
or Navigation Pages. To activate the simulator:
1. Highlight operation setup and press
E
.
2. Highlight the mode eld and press
E
.
3. Use the
Uor D
keys to scroll through and
select the simulator mode.
4. Press the
E
key to conrm simulator mode.
5. Press
P
to return to the Menu Page.
Once the simulator mode has been activated,
use the Position or Navigation Page to set your
speed and track. You may also enter a new posi-
tion if you desire (only from the Position Page).
To enter track, speed and position:
1. Highlight the track eld and press the
E
key.
2. Enter a track heading and press
E
.
1. Highlight the speed eld and press
E
.
2. Enter a speed and press
E
.
1. Highlight the position eld and press
E
.
2. Enter a position and press the
E
key.
The GPS 40 does not track satellites in simulator
mode. Although you can create and save way-
points and routes while using the simulator mode,
never attempt to use the simulator mode for
actual navigation. The GPS 40 will always power
up in the last selected satellite mode.
46
Reference
Simulator
Mode

40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 46

The GPS 40 provides 10 hours of operation in
normal mode and up to 20 hours of operation in
battery saver mode on 4 AA alkaline batteries.
Rechargeable Ni-Cad or lithium batteries may also
be used (see storage note below). The battery indi-
cator is calibrated for alkaline batteries, and Ni-Cad
and lithium batteries will not accurately display the
battery level. No other functions will be affected.
To install batteries:
1. Remove the battery cover by turning the thumb
loop 1/4 turn counter-clockwise.
2. Insert batteries into position. The battery terminal
you can still see should match the symbol marked
on the case.
3. Replace the battery cover by turning the thumb
loop 1/4 turn clockwise.
Never store the GPS 40 without batteries. A built-in
capacitor will save data while you are changing the
batteries, but only for a limited period of time (a few
hours). If youre storing the unit for an extended
period of time, put in a fresh set of alkaline or lithium
batteries. Storing the unit with Ni-Cad batteries may
result in data loss due to the self-discharge charac-
teristics of Ni-Cad of batteries.
47
Remote Antenna
Installation
An optional remote
antenna may be used
with the GPS 40 by
plugging the remote
antenna into the connec-
tor on the back of the
unit. See your GARMIN
dealer for remote anten-
nas and accessories.
Battery Installation
Reference
Battery and
Antenna
Installation

Positive Terminal
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 47
Almanac DataSatellite constellation information (including location and health of
satellites) that is transmitted to your receiver from every GPS satellite.
Almanac data must be acquired before GPS navigation can begin.
BearingThe compass direction from your position to a destination.
Course Made Good (CMG)The bearing from the active from position (your starting
point) to your present position.
Crosstrack Error (XTE)The distance you are off a desired course in either direction.
Desired Track (DTK)The compass course between the from and to waypoints.
Differential GPS (DGPS)An extension of the GPS system that uses land-based
radio beacons to transmit position corrections to GPS receivers.
Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA)The time of day of your arrival at a destination.
Estimated Time Enroute (ETE)The time left to your destination at your present speed.
GridA coordinate system that projects the earth on a at surface, using square zones for
position measurements.
Ground SpeedThe velocity you are travelling relative to a ground position.
LatitudeA north/south measurement of position perpendicular to the earths polar axis.
LongitudeAn east/west measurement of position in relation to the Prime Meridian, an
imaginary circle that passes through the north and south poles.
PositionAn exact, unique location based on a geographic coordinate system.
Track (TRK)The direction of movement relative to a ground position.
Universal Transverse Mercator- (UTM) A grid coordinate system that projects
global sections onto a at surface to measure position in specic zones.
Velocity Made Good (VMG)The speed you are closing in on a destination along a
desired course.
48
Appendix A
Glossary
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 48
The GPS 40 uses a ashing on-screen message indicator to alert you to important
information. Whenever the message indicator appears, press the
P
key to view the
message page. There are two types of messages: temporary alerts and condition alerts.
Temporary alerts are cleared from the message page after viewing, while condition alerts
remain on the message page until the condition has been resolved. Pay careful attention
to all messages for your own safety.
Accuracy has been DegradedThe accuracy of the GPS 40 has been degraded beyond
500 meters due to poor satellite geometry or data quality. You should check
other navigational sources to verify the position indicated.
Already ExistsThe waypoint name you are entering already exists in the GPS 40s
memory.
ApproachingYou are less than one minute away from reaching a destination waypoint.
Battery Power is LowThe batteries are low and should be replaced.
Cant change Active WPTYou have attempted to change the active to or active from
waypoint. Clear the active route or GOTO before making your changes.
No DGPS PositionNot enough data is being received to compute a DGPS position.
No RTCM InputBeacon receiver is not properly connected or baud rates do not match.
Poor GPS CoverageThe GPS 40 cannot acquire the necessary number of satellites to
compute a position. Try moving to a location with a clearer view of the sky.
Power Down and Re-initThe GPS 40 is not able to calculate a position due to abnormal
satellite conditions. Turn the unit off and verify the last position shown by
other means. Try the unit again later, possibly in a different location.
Read Only Mem has FailedThe permanent memory has failed and the unit is not
operable. Take your unit to an authorized GARMIN dealer for repairs.
49
Appendix B
Messages
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 49
Received an Invalid WPTA waypoint was received during upload transfer that has an
invalid identier.
Receiver has FailedA failure in receiver hardware has been detected. If this message
persists, do not use the unit and take it to an authorized dealer for repair.
Route is FullYou have attempted to add more than 30 waypoints to a route.
Route is not EmptyYou have attempted to copy into a route already in use.
Route Waypoint Cant be DeletedThe waypoint you are trying to delete is part of a
route. You must rst delete the waypoint from the route before removing it
from memory.
Route Waypoint was DeletedA route waypoint entered does not exist in the database
and has been deleted from the route.
RTCM Input has FailedDGPS data being received has been lost. You are no longer
receiving the beacon signal.
Searching the SkyThe GPS 40 is in searching the sky for almanac data or the unit is in
AutoLocate
TM
mode.
Stored Data was LostAll waypoints, routes, time and almanac data has been lost due
to battery failure.
Transfer has been CompletedThe receiver is nished uploading or downloading
information to the connected device.
WPT Memory is FullYou have used all 250 waypoints in the GPS 40. Delete unwanted
waypoints to make room for new entries.
50
Appendix B
Messages
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 50
The chart below gives the approximate UTC time offset for the various longitudinal
zones. If you are in daylight savings time, add one hour to the offset.
Longitudinal Zone Offset
W180.0 to W172.5 -12
W172.5 to W157.5 -11
W157.5 to W142.5 -10
W142.5 to W127.5 -9
W127.5 to W112.5 -8
W112.5 to W097.5 -7
W097.5 to W082.5 -6
W082.5 to W067.5 -5
W067.5 to W052.5 -4
W052.5 to W037.5 -3
W037.5 to W022.5 -2
W022.5 to W007.5 -1
W007.5 to E007.5 0
E007.5 to E022.5 1
E022.5 to E037.5 2
E037.5 to E052.5 3
E052.5 to E067.5 4
E067.5 to E082.5 5
E082.5 to E097.5 6
E097.5 to E112.5 7
E112.5 to E127.5 8
E127.5 to E142.5 9
E142.5 to E157.5 10
E157.5 to E172.5 11
E172.5 to E180.0 12
51
Appendix C
Time Offset
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 51
Adindan Adindan- Ethiopia, Mali,
Senegal, Sudan
Afgooye Afgooye- Somalia
AIN EL ABD 70 AIN EL ANBD 1970- Bahrain
Island, Saudi Arabia
Anna 1 Ast 65 Anna 1 Astro 65- Cocos Isl.
ARC 1950 ARC 1950- Botswana,
Lesotho, Malawi, Swaziland,
Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe
ARC 1960 ARC 1960- Kenya, Tanzania
Ascnsn Isld 58 Ascension Island 58-
Ascension Island
Astro B4 Sorol Astro B4 Sorol Atoll- Tern
Island
Astro Bcn E Astro Beacon E- Iwo Jima
Astro Dos 71/4 Astro Dos 71/4- St. Helena
Astr Stn 52 Astronomic Stn 52- Marcus
Island
Astrln Geod 66 Australian Geod 66-
Australia, Tasmania Island
Astrln Geod 84 Australian Geod 84-
Australia, Tasmania Island
Bellevue (IGN) Efate and Erromango Islands
Bermuda 1957 Bermuda 1957- Bermuda
Islands
Bogata Observ Bogata Obsrvatry- Colombia
Campo Inchspe Campo Inchauspe- Argentina
Canton Ast 66 Canton Astro 1966- Phoenix
Islands
Cape Cape- South Africa
Cape Canavrl Cape Canaveral- Florida,
Bahama Islands
Carthage Carthage- Tunisia
CH-1903 CH 1903- Switzerland
Chatham 1971 Chatham 1971- Chatham
Island (New Zealand)
Chua Astro Chua Astro- Paraguay
Corrego Alegr Corrego Alegre- Brazil
Djakarta Djakarta (Batavia)- Sumatra
Island (Indonesia)
Dos 1968 Dos 1968- Gizo Island
(New Georgia Islands)
Easter Isld 67 Easter Island 1967
European 1950 European 1950- Austria,
Belgium, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Gibraltar,
Greece, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway,
Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland
European 1979 European 1979- Austria,
Finland, Netherlands,
Norway, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland
Finland Hayfrd Finland Hayford- Finland
Gandajika Base Gandajika Base- Republic of
Maldives
Geod Datm 49 Geodetic Datum 49-
New Zealand
Guam 1963 Guam 1963- Guam Island
Gux 1 Astro Gux 1 Astro- Guadalcanal
Island
Hjorsey 1955 Hjorsey 1955- Iceland
Hong Kong 63 Hong Kong 63- Hong Kong
Indian Bngldsh Indian- Bangladesh, India,
Nepal
Indian Thailand Indian- Thailand, Vietnam
Ireland 1965 Ireland 1965- Ireland
ISTS 073 Astro ISTS 073 ASTRO 69-
Diego Garcia
Johnston Island Johnston Island Kandawala
Kandawala- Sri Lanka
Kerguelen Islnd Kerguelen Island
Kertau 1948 Kertau 1948- West Malaysia,
Singapore
L. C. 5 Astro Cayman Brac Island
Liberia 1964 Liberia 1964- Liberia
Luzon Mindanao Luzon- Mindanao Island
Luzon Philippine Luzon- Philippines
(excluding Mindanao Island)
52
Appendix D
Map Datums
The following list shows the 102 map
datums available for the GPS 40. Menu Page
abbreviations are listed rst, followed by the
corresponding map datum name and area.
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 52
Mahe 1971 Mahe 1971- Mahe Island
Marco Astro Marco Astro- Salvage Island
Massawa Massawa- Eritrea (Ethiopia)
Merchich Merchich- Morocco
Midway Ast 61 Midway Astro 61- Midway
Minna Minna- Nigeria
NAD27 Alaska North American 1927- Alaska
NAD27 Bahamas North American 1927-
Bahamas (excluding San
Salvador Island)
NAD27 Canada North American 1927- Canada
and Newfoundland
NAD27 Canal Zone North Am. 1927- Canal Zone
NAD27 Caribbn North American 1927-
Caribbean (Barbados, Caicos
Islands, Cuba, Dom. Rep.,
Grand Cayman, Jamaica,
Leeward and Turks Islands)
NAD27 Central North American 1927- Central
America (Belize, Costa Rica,
El Salvador, Guatemala,
Honduras, Nicaragua)
NAD27 CONUS North Am. 1927- Mean Value
(CONUS)
NAD27 Cuba North American 1927- Cuba
NAD27 Grnland North American 1927-
Greenland (Hayes Peninsula)
NAD27 Mexico N. American 1927- Mexico
NAD27 San Sal North American 1927- San
Salvador Island
NAD83 North American 1983- Alaska,
Canada, Central America,
CONUS, Mexico
Nhrwn Masirah Nahrwn- Masirah Island
(Oman)
Nhrwn Saudi A Nahrwn- Saudi Arabia
Nhrwn United A Nahrwn- United Arab Emirates
Naparima BWI Naparima BWI- Trinidad and
Tobago
Obsrvtorio 66 Observatorio 1966- Corvo
and Flores Islands (Azores)
Old Egyptian Old Egyptian- Egypt
Old Hawaiian Old Hawaiian- Mean Value
Oman Oman- Oman
Ord Srvy GB Old Survey Grt Britn- England,
Isle of Man, Scotland, Shetland
Isl., Wales
Pico De Las Nv Canary Islands
Ptcairn Ast 67 Pitcairn Astro 67- Pitcairn Isl.
Prov S Am 56 Prov So Amricn 56- Bolivia,
Chile,Colombia, Ecuador,
Guyana, Peru, Venezuela
Prov S Chln 63 Prov So Chilean 63- S. Chile
Puerto Rico Puerto Rico & Virgin Islands
Qatar National Qatar National- Qatar
Qornoq Qornoq- South Greenland
Reunion Reunion- Mascarene Island
Rome 1940 Rome 1940- Sardinia Island
RT 90 Sweden
Santo (Dos) Santo (Dos)- Espirito Santo
Island
Sao Braz Sao Braz- Sao Miguel, Santa
Maria Islands (Azores)
Sapper Hill 43 Sapper Hill 1943- East
Falkland Island
Schwarzeck Schwarzeck- Namibia
Sth Amrcn 69 South American 69-
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil,
Chile, Colombia, Ecuador,
Guyana, Paraguay, Peru,
Venezuela, Trinidad and
Tobago
South Asia South Asia- Singapore
SE Base Southeast Base- Porto Santo
and Madiera Islands
SW Base Southwest Base- Faial,
Graciosa, Pico, Sao Jorge and
Terceira Islands (Azores)
Timbalai 1948 Timbalai 1948- Brunei and E.
Malaysia (Sarawak and Sabah)
Tokyo Tokyo- Japan, Korea, Okinawa
Tristan Ast 68 Tristan Astro 1968- Tristan da
Cunha
Viti Levu 1916 Viti Levu 1916- Viti Levu/ Fiji
Islands
Wake-Eniwetok Wake-Eniwetok- Marshall Isl.
WGS 72 World Geodetic System 1972
WGS 84 World Geodetic System 1984
Zanderij Zanderij- Surinam
53
Appendix D
Map Datums
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 53
PHYSICAL
Case: Waterproof, dry nitrogen-lled
Size: 6.15H x 2W x 1.23D
(15.6 x 5.1 x 1.23 cm)
Weight: Approx 9.5 ounces (269g) w/ batteries
Temperature Range: 5 to 158F (-15 to 70C)
PERFORMANCE
Receiver: Differential-ready MultiTrac8
TM
Acquisition Time: Approx. 20 seconds (warm start)
Approx. 2 minutes (cold start)
Approx. 7.5 minutes (AutoLocate
TM
)
Update Rate: 1/second, continuous
Position Accuracy: 5-10 meters (16-33 ft.) with DGPS corrections*
15 meters (49 ft.) RMS**
Velocity Accuracy: 0.1 knot RMS steady state (90 knots max.)
Dynamics: Performs to specication to 3gs
POWER
Input: Four 1.5 volt AA batteries or 5-8vDC
Current Consumption: 0.16 amps max.
Battery Life: 10 hours (normal mode)
(w/ alk. batt.) Up to 20 hours (battery saver mode)
NOTE: Alkaline batteries lose a signicant amount of their capacity as temperature decreases. If youre using the
GPS 40 in below freezing temperatures, use lithium batteries for longer battery life.
Specications subject to change without notice.
* With optional GARMIN GBR 21 Beacon Receiver Input.
** Subject to accuracy degradation to 100m 2DRMS under the US DOD-imposed Selective Availability Program.
54
Appendix E
Maintenance
&
Specications
The GPS 40 is constructed of high quality materials
and should not require user maintenance. Should your
unit ever need repair, please take it to an authorized
GARMIN service center. The GPS 40 has no user-service-
able parts. Never attempt any repairs yourself.
To protect your GPS, keep it in its carrying case when
not in use, and never allow gasoline or other solvents to
come into contact with the case. Clean the case and lens
with a soft cloth and a household window cleaner.
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 54
Three optional cables are available to connect the GPS 40 to an external power
source or interface with another unit or PC:
Cigarette Lighter Adapter Allows connection to a 12 volt DC cigarette lighter
plug and reduces voltage to 5-8 volts DC.
Data Cross-Load Cable Allows direct transfer of data between GPS 40 units.
PC Kit Data Cable PC Kit interface cable with 9-pin D serial data connector.
The following interface formats are supported by the GPS 40 for driving three
NMEA devices:
NMEA 0180
NMEA 0182
NMEA 0183 version 1.5
Approved sentences:
GPBWC, GPGLL, GPRMB, GPRMC, GPXTE, GPVTG, GPWPL
Proprietary sentences:
PGRMM (map datum), PGRMZ (altitude), PSLIB (beacon rec. control)
NMEA 0183 version 2.0
Approved sentences:
GPGGA, GPGLL, GPGSA, GPGSV, GPRMB, GPRMC, GPRTE, GPWPL
Proprietary sentences:
PGRME (estimated error), PGRMM (map datum), PGRMZ (altitude),
PSLIB (beacon receiver control)
Complete information concerning NMEA formats and sentences is available from
the NMEA at P. O. Box 50040, Mobile, AL 36605; 205-473-1793, 205-473-1669 FAX.
Cost of the NMEA materials is currently $35 U. S. dollars, plus shipping and handling.
DGPS corrections are accepted on RTCM-104 v. 2.0 format. The GARMIN GBR 21
is the recommended beacon receiver for use with the GPS 40. Other receivers with the
correct RTCM format may be used, but may not correctly display status or allow tuning
control from the GPS 40.
55
Appendix F
Electrical
Wiring &
Interfaces
(UNIT VIEW)
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 55
56
The GPS 40s optional mounting bracket allows xed
installation on any at vertical or horizontal surface,
and permits easy removal for portable use. The kit can
be installed with or without the swivel base.
To install the bracket on a at surface or on a
bulkhead without the swivel base, mount the L-brack-
et directly to the surface desired with three #8 athead
screws (not included). Once the L-bracket is installed,
the viewing angle may be adjusted by loosening the
knob at the bottom right of the bracket.
For swivel base installation, mount the swivel base
directly to a at surface with three #8 athead screws. Install the L-bracket onto the
swivel base using the knob provided (see diagram below). The swivel angle may also
be adjusted by loosening the knob.
Swivel Adjustment Knob
Angle Adjustment Knob
Swivel Base
L-Bracket
Appendix G
Installation
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 56
57
Appendix G
Installation
The GPS 40 cigarette lighter adapter and data cables
can be connected to the mounting bracket for xed-
mount use. To attach the power/data cable, slide the
cable connector into the mounting slot on the bracket
(see below).
To insert the GPS 40 into the bracket, slide the unit
into place and press rmly to connect to the power/data
cable connector.
Using the mounting bracket without the swivel base.
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 57
Appendix G
Wrist Strap
Attachment
58
The GPS 40 includes a wrist strap for safe, convenient han-
dling of the unit. The wrist strap is attached by looping the loop
end of the strap through the molded eye on the back of the unit.
The strap may be removed at any time.
Pull the loop end of the strap through the
eyelet from the bottom.
Pull the tail end of the strap through
the loop until tight.
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:48 PM Page 58
A
Active Waypoints ..............................................27
Active Route .....................................................27
Active Route Page ..............................................31
Altitude Entry....................................................17
Antenna Installation ..........................................47
Audio Setup.......................................................39
AutoLocate
TM
Mode..........................................38
Automatic Shutoff................................................6
Auxiliary Functions ......................................37-46
B
Backlighting On/Off...........................................39
Backlight Timer .................................................39
Battery Installation.............................................47
Battery Saver Mode............................................38
Beacon Receiver Setup..................................44-45
Bearing ........................................................4,5,48
C
Capabilities .........................................................iv
CDI Scale Setup.................................................41
Contrast Setting.................................................39
Course Made Good (CMG) ................................48
Cross Track Error (XTE)...............................10-11
D
Denitions...................................................4,5,48
Desired Track (DTK) ......................................5,11
DGPS Setup..................................................44-45
Distance and Sun Calculation............................37
E
Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA)...................31,48
Estimated Time Enroute (ETE) .....................10,31
G
Glossary.............................................................48
GOTO Function ................................................25
GPS Overview..................................................2-3
Ground Speed ................................................5,48
H
Heading Selection..............................................41
I
Installation (wiring) ...........................................55
Installation (bracket) ....................................56-57
Interface Formats...............................................55
I/O Page .......................................................43-45
Interval, track storage ........................................42
K
Keypad Usage ....................................................14
Keypad Tone .....................................................39
L
Local Time Offset .........................................38,51
Losing Satellite Coverage ...................................15
M
Magnetic Variation.............................................41
Maintenance ......................................................54
MOB Function...................................................26
Map Datum List ...........................................52-53
Map Datum Selection ........................................40
Map Orientation................................................42
Map Page...........................................................33
Map Functions ..............................................34
Map Panning and GOTOs .............................35
Map Zooming and Scales ..............................36
Menu Page.........................................................37
Messages............................................................37
Message Page .....................................................37
Message Descriptions ...................................49-50
N
Navigation...........................................................4
Navigation Page.......................................10,11,25
Navigation Setup ..........................................40,41
Navigation Units................................................41
Nearest Waypoint Page......................................19
NMEA Selection ...........................................43,44
NMEA Output Formats .....................................55
Normal Mode ....................................................38
59
Appendix H
Index
rough the
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:49 PM Page 59
O
Offset, local time ..........................................38,51
Operating Mode Setup.......................................38
Operation Setup ...........................................38,39
Output Setup ...............................................43-45
P
Packing List .........................................................v
Page Sequence...................................................12
Panning ........................................................35,36
Position Entry....................................................17
Position Page .....................................................17
Power Off ..........................................................13
Power On ............................................................6
R
Range Rings..................................................33,43
Reference Waypoints .........................................22
Relative Bearing Pointer................................10,11
Resolution, track storing....................................42
Routes ...............................................................27
Active Route Page..........................................31
Creating and Copying ...................................29
Clearing and Activating.................................30
Inverting Routes............................................30
Editing Routes...............................................32
On-Route GOTOs .........................................32
S
Satellite Status ..............................................15,16
Satellite Status Page ......................................15,16
Searching the Sky ..............................................16
Setup Pages ..................................................38-45
Simulator Mode.................................................46
Sky View Display............................................7,15
Steering Guidance ...................................10,11,25
Sun and Distance Calculation............................37
T
Time Setup...................................................38,51
Tone Setup ........................................................39
Track.................................................................48
Track Log Setup ................................................43
Track Recording ................................................42
U
Units of Measure................................................41
UTC time......................................................38,51
UTMCoordinates .........................................40,48
V
Velocity Made Good (VMG) .........................10,48
W
Waypoints .........................................................18
Waypoint Denition Page .............................21
Waypoint List Page .......................................20
Nearest Waypoint Page .................................19
Marking Waypoints ......................................18
Creating Waypoints ......................................21
Naming Waypoints .......................................18
Deleting Waypoints.......................................24
Editing Waypoints ........................................23
Renaming Waypoints ....................................23
Welcome Page .....................................................6
Wiring Installation.............................................55
Wrist Strap Attachment .....................................58
60
Appendix H
Index
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:49 PM Page 60
1994 GARMIN INTERNATIONAL
9875 Widmer Road, Lenexa, KS 66215, USA
GARMIN/Europe Ltd Robert House, Station Approach Romsey, Hampshire SO51 8DU UK
Part Number 190-00063-00 Rev. B
40 rev B 8/6/98 1:49 PM Page 62