Super Speed Math
Super Speed Math
Super Speed Math
SuperSpeed Math
Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division
And the Gnarlies!
Chris Biffle
Crafton Hills College
Yucaipa, California
CBiffle@AOL.com
Contents
Introduction
The SuperSpeed Math Grids
How To Play SuperSpeed Math
Adjusting For Stronger and Weaker Learners
One on One Tutorials
The Gnarlies
SuperSpeed Addition
SuperSpeed Subtraction
SuperSpeed Multiplication
SuperSpeed Division
SuperSpeed Gnarlies
SuperSpeed Personal Record Stars
4
6
12
14
16
17
19
23
27
31
35
39
Introduction
Power Teachers of Southern California
is a grass roots
education reform organization founded by three instructors (Chris Biffle,
Jay Vanderfin, Chris Rekstad) in 1999. Since that time, we have
presented free teaching seminars to over 3,500 educators representing
over 120,000 students. Our teaching conferences, offered several times
a year at Crafton Hills College in Yucaipa, California, are among the
largest in the United States.
Videos illustrating our instructional strategies are available at:
www.YouTube.com/ChrisBiffle
and
http://www.teachertube.com/uprofile.php?UID=32259
More about our organization can be found at
www.powerteachers.org
In addition to offering education seminars, we also develop low
cost teaching materials focused on core knowledge (state standards) and
basic skills (reading, writing and math.) Central to our approach is a
great deal of educational tomfoolery which produces some of the
sweetest sounds teachers ever hear, on task laughter.
SuperSpeed Math is a lively, entertaining game designed to teach
beginning learners of any age math facts in addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division using the numbers from 0-10. Versions of
this game have been successfully classroom tested by thousands of
students since 1999.
Because it begins with the simplest arithmetic operations and
continues through the most difficult, SuperSpeed Math is appropriate for
learners from kindergarten through 12th grade. The game also adapts
superbly to the needs of English learners, including adults who are
taking a beginning math course.
Here are the first three rows of the test and the answer grid from
Level 1 for SuperSpeed Addition. Note that the test grid is identical to
the answer grid, except, of course, that it lacks answers.
Level 1: ADDITION Test
0
+0
0
+1
0
+2
0
+3
0
+4
0
+5
0
+6
0
+7
0
+8
0
+9
0
+10
1
+0
2
+0
3
+0
4
+0
5
+0
6
+0
7
+0
8
+0
9
+0
10
+0
11
+0
1
+1
1
+2
1
+3
1
+4
1
+5
1
+6
1
+7
1
+8
1
+9
1
1
+10 +11
1
2
0
+0
0
1
+0
1
1
+1
2
0
+1
1
2
+0
2
1
+2
3
0
+2
2
3
+0
3
1
+3
4
0
+3
3
4
+0
4
1
+4
5
0
+4
4
5
+0
5
1
+5
6
0
+5
5
6
+0
6
1
+6
7
0
+6
6
7
+0
7
1
+7
8
0
+7
7
8
+0
8
1
+8
9
0
+8
8
9
+0
9
1
+9
10
0
+9
9
10
+0
10
1
+10
11
0
+10
10
11
+0
11
1
+11
12
On the next page youll find, in reduced form, the entire Answer
grid for Level 1.
Here, shrunk to fit this page, is the Answer grid for Level 1.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
0
+0
0
1
+0
1
1
+2
3
4
+1
5
2
+6
8
9
+2
11
5
+3
8
4
+9
13
5
+8
13
6
+9
15
9
+7
16
0
+1
1
2
+0
2
1
+3
4
5
+1
6
2
+7
9
10
+2
12
6
+3
9
4
+10
14
5
+9
14
6
+10
16
10
+7
17
0
+2
2
3
+0
3
1
+4
5
6
+1
7
2
+8
10
3
+3
6
7
+3
10
5
+4
9
5
+10
12
7
+6
13
8
+8
16
0
+3
3
4
+0
4
1
+5
6
7
+1
8
2
+9
11
3
+4
7
8
+3
11
6
+4
10
6
+5
11
8
+6
14
8
+9
17
0
+4
4
5
+0
5
1
+6
7
8
+1
9
2
+10
12
3
+5
8
9
+3
12
7
+4
11
7
+5
12
9
+6
15
8
+10
18
0
+5
5
6
+0
6
1
+7
8
9
+1
10
3
+2
5
3
+6
9
10
+3
13
8
+4
12
8
+5
13
10
+6
16
9
+8
17
0
+6
6
7
+0
7
1
+8
9
10
+1
11
4
+2
6
3
+7
10
4
+4
8
9
+4
13
9
+5
14
7
+7
14
10
+8
18
0
+7
7
8
+0
8
1
+9
10
2
+2
4
5
+2
7
3
+8
11
4
+5
9
10
+4
14
10
+5
15
7
+8
15
9
+9
18
0
+8
8
9
+0
9
1
+10
11
2
+3
5
6
+2
8
3
+9
12
4
+6
10
5
+5
10
6
+6
12
7
+9
16
9
+10
19
0
+9
9
10
+0
10
2
+1
3
2
+4
6
7
+2
9
3
+10
13
4
+7
11
5
+6
11
6
+7
13
7
+10
17
10
+9
19
0
+10
10
1
+1
2
3
+1
4
2
+5
7
8
+2
10
4
+3
17
4
+8
12
5
+7
12
6
+8
14
8
+7
15
10
+10
20
10
11
Here are the first three rows of the Level 2 Addition grids.
Level 2: ADDITION Test
B
0
+1
C
8
+6
D
3
+6
E
7
+5
F
4
+4
G
7
+8
H
0
+7
A
7
+9
6
+4
J
10
+5
K
9
+6
8
+4
6
+7
8
+8
8
+5
10
+8
6
+8
6
+2
6
+9
4
+7
8
+7
3
+8
1
+2
2
+8
7
+6
5 8
+10 +9
9 10
+10 +3
6
+5
9
+7
2
+1
7
+1
A
7
+9
16
8
+4
12
1
+2
3
B
0
+1
1
6
+7
13
2
+8
10
C
8
+6
14
8
+8
16
7
+6
13
D
3
+6
9
8
+5
13
5
+10
15
E
7
+5
12
10
+8
18
8
+9
17
F
4
+4
8
6
+8
14
9
+10
18
G
7
+8
15
6
+2
8
10
+3
13
H
0
+7
7
6
+9
15
6
+5
11
I
6
+4
10
4
+7
11
9
+7
16
J
10
+5
15
8
+7
15
2
+1
3
K
9
+6
15
3
+8
11
7
+1
8
and will have had plenty of practice adding the most troublesome pairs
of numbers.
One final, and important note. When you hand out these grids to
your students, print each Level on one page, back to back. Level 1 Test
is on one side of the page; Level 1 Answers is on the other side of the
same sheet. Same for Level 2 Test and Answers.
12
13
14
15
16
17
The Gnarlies
As noted earlier, the Gnarlies are the most common math errors.
College teachers report that the numbers 6, 7, 8 and 9 cause students the
most difficulty, no matter whether they are adding, subtracting,
multiplying or dividing. Thus, each SuperSpeed grid contains its own
set of Gnarlies. In Level 1, the Gnarlies occur near the bottom of the
grid; in Level 2, where the math problems are randomly distributed, the
Gnarlies have all magically gravitated toward the beginning of the grid
where students will receive the most practice gosh, those dang
Gnarlies.
After the grids for addition, subtraction, multiplication and
division, SuperSpeed Math concludes with two surprises.
Yes, youve guessed it. We finish with two grids, Level 1 and
Level 2, of nothing but addition, subtraction, multiplication and division
Gnarlies and even worse, Level 2 has these horrible problems
randomly mixed! Oh, those dang, dang Gnarlies.
If you want to produce a high level of math fitness in your class,
we recommend the following weekly schedule:
-- Monday: SuperSpeed Addition
-- Tuesday: SuperSpeed Subtraction
-- Wednesday: SuperSpeed Multiplication
-- Thursday: SuperSpeed Division
-- Friday: SuperSpeed Gnarlies
Move your students from Level 1 to Level 2 as you think best.
Tailor the game to your needs. Use some or all the rows of each grid
18
19
0
+0
0
+1
0
+2
0
+3
0
+4
0
+5
0
+6
0
+7
0
+8
0
+9
0
+10
1
+0
2
+0
3
+0
4
+0
5
+0
6
+0
7
+0
8
+0
9
+0
10
+0
1
+1
1
+2
1
+3
1
+4
1
+5
1
+6
1
+7
1
+8
1
+9
1
+10
2
+1
3
+1
4
+1
5
+1
6
+1
7
+1
8
+1
9
+1
10
+1
2
+2
2
+3
2
+6
2
+7
2
+8
2
+9
2
+10
3
+2
4
+2
5
+2
6
+2
7
+2
8
+2
9
+2
10
+2
3
+3
3
+4
3
+5
3
+6
3
+7
3
+8
3
+9
3
+10
4
+3
5
+3
6
+3
7
+3
8
+3
9
+3
10
+3
4
+4
4
+5
4
+6
4
+7
4
+8
4
+9
4
+10
5
+4
6
+4
7
+4
8
+4
9
+4
10
+4
5
+5
5
+6
5
+7
5
+8
5
+9
5
+10
6
+5
7
+5
8
+5
9
+5
10
+5
6
+6
6
+7
6
+8
10
6
+9
6
+10
7
+6
8
+6
9
+6
10
+6
7
+7
7
+8
7
+9
7
+10
8
+7
11
9
+7
10
+7
8
+9
8
+10
9
+8
10
+8
9
+9
9
+10
10
+9
10
+10
8
+8
2
+4
2
+5
21
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
0
+0
0
1
+0
1
1
+2
3
4
+1
5
2
+6
8
9
+2
11
5
+3
8
4
+9
13
5
+8
13
6
+9
15
9
+7
16
0
+1
1
2
+0
2
1
+3
4
5
+1
6
2
+7
9
10
+2
12
6
+3
9
4
+10
14
5
+9
14
6
+10
16
10
+7
17
0
+2
2
3
+0
3
1
+4
5
6
+1
7
2
+8
10
3
+3
6
7
+3
10
5
+4
9
5
+10
15
7
+6
13
8
+8
16
0
+3
3
4
+0
4
1
+5
6
7
+1
8
2
+9
11
3
+4
7
8
+3
11
6
+4
10
6
+5
11
8
+6
14
8
+9
17
0
+4
4
5
+0
5
1
+6
7
8
+1
9
2
+10
12
3
+5
8
9
+3
12
7
+4
11
7
+5
12
9
+6
15
8
+10
18
0
+5
5
6
+0
6
1
+7
8
9
+1
10
3
+2
5
3
+6
9
10
+3
13
8
+4
12
8
+5
13
10
+6
16
9
+8
17
0
+6
6
7
+0
7
1
+8
9
10
+1
11
4
+2
6
3
+7
10
4
+4
8
9
+4
13
9
+5
14
7
+7
14
10
+8
18
0
+7
7
8
+0
8
1
+9
10
2
+2
4
5
+2
7
3
+8
11
4
+5
9
10
+4
14
10
+5
15
7
+8
15
9
+9
18
0
+8
8
9
+0
9
1
+10
11
2
+3
5
6
+2
8
3
+9
12
4
+6
10
5
+5
10
6
+6
12
7
+9
16
9
+10
19
0
+9
9
10
+0
10
2
+1
3
2
+4
6
7
+2
9
3
+10
13
4
+7
11
5
+6
11
6
+7
13
7
+10
17
10
+9
19
0
+10
10
1
+1
2
3
+1
4
2
+5
7
8
+2
10
4
+3
7
4
+8
12
5
+7
12
6
+8
14
8
+7
15
10
+10
20
22
A
1
7
+9
0
+1
8
+6
3
+6
7
+5
4
+4
7
+8
0
+7
6
+4
10
+5
9
+6
8
+4
6
+7
8
+8
8
+5
10
+8
6
+8
6
+2
6
+9
4
+7
8
+7
3
+8
1
+2
2
+8
7
+6
5
+10
8
+9
9
+10
10
+3
6
+5
9
+7
2
+1
7
+1
4
+1
2
+5
6
+1
9
+8
9
+4
9
+1
10
+1
9
+9
2
+3
8
+0
4
+10
2
+6
2
+7
7
+4
2
+9
1
+9
3
+2
4
+8
5
+2
7
+0
7
+2
8
+2
9
+2
10
+2
0
+9
3
+4
3
+5
0
+2
3
+7
10
+9
3
+9
1
+4
4
+3
5
+3
6
+3
2
+4
8
+3
1
+3
1
+7
0
+4
4
+5
4
+6
0
+6
5
+1
4
+9
5
+6
5
+4
0
+10
1
+6
1
+8
1
+1
10
+4
7
+10
0
+0
5
+7
5
+8
5
+9
3
+10
9
+3
0
+3
1
+0
9
+5
0
+8
6
+6
8
+1
1
+5
10
10
+0
6
+10
3
+0
1
+10
5
+0
10
+6
7
+7
2
+2
5
+5
3
+1
9
+0
11
6
+0
10
+7
2
+0
7
+3
8
+10
4
+2
4
+0
2
+10
3
+3
0
+5
10
+10
23
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
7
+9
16
8
+4
12
1
+2
3
4
+1
5
2
+6
8
9
+2
11
5
+3
8
4
+9
13
5
+8
13
10
+0
10
6
+0
6
0
+1
1
6
+7
13
2
+8
10
2
+5
7
2
+7
9
10
+2
12
6
+3
9
5
+6
11
5
+9
14
6
+10
16
10
+7
17
8
+6
14
8
+8
16
7
+6
13
6
+1
7
7
+4
11
0
+9
9
2
+4
6
5
+4
9
3
+10
13
3
+0
3
2
+0
2
3
+6
9
8
+5
13
5
+10
15
9
+8
17
2
+9
11
3
+4
7
8
+3
11
0
+10
10
9
+3
12
1
+10
11
7
+3
10
7
+5
12
10
+8
18
8
+9
17
9
+4
13
1
+9
10
3
+5
8
1
+3
4
1
+6
7
0
+3
3
5
+0
5
8
+10
18
4
+4
8
6
+8
14
9
+10
19
9
+1
10
3
+2
5
0
+2
2
1
+7
8
1
+8
9
1
+0
1
10
+6
16
4
+2
6
7
+8
15
6
+2
8
10
+3
13
10
+1
11
4
+8
12
3
+7
10
0
+4
4
1
+1
2
9
+5
14
7
+7
14
4
+0
4
0
+7
7
6
+9
15
6
+5
11
9
+9
18
5
+2
7
10
+9
19
4
+5
9
10
+4
14
0
+8
8
2
+2
4
2
+10
12
6
+4
10
4
+7
11
9
+7
16
2
+3
5
7
+0
7
3
+9
12
4
+6
10
7
+10
17
6
+6
12
5
+5
10
3
+3
6
10
+5
15
8
+7
15
2
+1
3
8
+0
8
7
+2
9
1
+4
5
0
+6
6
0
+0
0
8
+1
9
3
+1
4
0
+5
5
9
+6
15
3
+8
11
7
+1
8
4
+10
14
8
+2
10
4
+3
7
5
+1
6
5
+7
12
1
+5
6
9
+0
9
10
+10
20
24
0
-0
1
-1
2
-0
3
-0
4
-0
5
-0
6
-0
7
-0
8
-0
9
-0
10
-0
1
-1
2
-1
3
-1
4
-1
5
-1
6
-1
7
-1
8
-1
9
-1
10
-1
2
-2
3
-2
4
-2
5
-2
6
-2
7
-2
8
-2
9
-2
10
-2
3
-3
4
-3
5
-3
6
-3
7
-3
8
-3
9
-3
10
-3
4
-4
5
-4
6
-4
7
-4
8
-4
9
-4
10
-4
5
-5
6
-5
7
-5
8
-5
9
-5
10
-5
6
-6
7
-6
8
-6
9
-6
10
-6
7
-7
8
-7
9
-7
10
-7
8
-8
9
-8
10
-8
9
-9
10
-9
10
-10
20
-10
20
-9
20
-8
20
-7
20
-6
19
-10
19
-9
19
-8
19
-7
19
-6
18
-10
18
-9
18
-8
18
-7
18
-6
17
-10
17
-9
17
-8
17
-7
17
-6
16
-10
16
-9
16
-8
16
-7
16
-6
15
-10
15
-9
15
-8
15
-7
15
-6
14
-10
14
-9
14
-8
10
14
-7
14
-6
13
-10
13
-9
13
-8
13
-7
13
-6
12
-10
12
-9
12
-8
12
-7
11
12
-6
11
-10
11
-9
11
-8
11
-7
11
-6
11
-5
11
-4
11
-3
11
-2
11
-1
25
0
-0
0
1
-1
0
2
-0
2
3
-0
3
4
-0
4
5
-0
5
6
-0
6
7
-0
7
8
-0
8
9
-0
9
10
-0
10
1
-1
0
3
-2
1
6
-3
3
10
-4
6
10
-6
4
20
-10
10
18
-9
9
16
-8
8
14
-7
7
2
-1
1
4
-2
2
7
-3
4
5
-5
0
7
-7
0
20
-9
11
18
-8
10
16
-7
9
14
-6
8
3
-1
2
5
-2
3
8
-3
5
6
-5
1
8
-7
1
20
-8
12
18
-7
11
16
-6
10
13
-10
3
4
-1
3
6
-2
4
9
-3
6
7
-5
2
9
-7
2
20
-7
13
18
-6
12
15
-10
5
13
-9
4
5
-1
4
7
-2
5
10
-3
7
8
-5
3
10
-7
3
20
-6
14
17
-10
7
15
-9
6
13
-8
5
6
-1
5
8
-2
6
4
-4
0
9
-5
4
8
-8
0
19
-10
9
17
-9
8
15
-8
7
13
-7
6
7
-1
6
9
-2
7
5
-4
1
10
-5
5
9
-8
1
19
-9
10
17
-8
9
15
-7
8
13
-6
7
8
-1
7
10
-2
8
6
-4
2
6
-6
0
10
-8
2
19
-8
11
17
-7
10
15
-6
9
12
-10
2
9
-1
8
3
-3
0
7
-4
3
7
-6
1
9
-9
0
19
-7
12
17
-6
11
14
-10
4
12
-9
3
10
-1
9
4
-3
1
8
-4
4
8
-6
2
10
-9
1
19
-6
13
16
-10
6
14
-9
5
12
-8
4
2
-2
0
5
-3
2
9
-4
5
9
-6
3
10
-10
0
18
-10
8
16
-9
7
14
-8
6
12
-7
5
12
-6
6
11
-10
1
11
-9
2
11
-8
3
11
-7
4
11
-6
5
11
-5
6
11
-4
7
11
-3
8
11
-2
9
11
-1
10
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
26
19
-7
1
-0
19
-6
11
-9
18
-9
17
-6
20
-8
7
-0
20
-6
9
-0
17
-9
1
-1
15
-6
3
-1
14
-8
11
-2
18
-6
4
-4
20
-7
9
-1
17
-8
2
-2
16
-9
4
-2
2
-0
6
-2
0
-0
2
-1
17
-10
10
-2
7
-5
4
-3
16
-7
6
-3
15
-9
8
-3
12
-8
10
-3
15
-7
5
-4
13
-8
8
-4
14
-9
9
-4
10
-4
5
-5
14
-8
3
-2
15
-8
9
-5
13
-7
6
-6
13
-9
8
-6
9
-6
10
-6
7
-7
8
-7
12
-10
10
-7
8
-8
9
-8
10
-8
9
-9
13
-6
10
-10
20
-10
20
-9
8
-1
17
-7
10
-1
19
-10
19
-9
19
-8
5
-0
18
-10
12
-7
6
-1
7
-1
6
-5
11
-4
8
-2
5
-3
18
-7
10
-0
6
-0
16
-10
7
-3
16
-8
3
-3
9
-7
9
-2
14
-10
7
-4
10
-5
5
-1
7
-2
4
-1
9
-3
10
14
-7
11
-6
16
-6
10
-9
7
-6
6
-4
3
-0
15
-10
12
-9
8
-5
13
-10
11
12
-6
11
-10
18
-8
11
-8
11
-7
8
-0
11
-5
4
-0
11
-3
5
-2
11
-1
27
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
19
-7
12
1
-1
0
16
-9
7
6
-3
3
10
-4
6
10
-6
4
20
-10
10
6
-1
5
16
-8
8
14
-7
7
12
-6
6
1
-0
1
15
-6
9
4
-2
2
15
-9
6
5
-5
0
7
-7
0
20
-9
11
7
-1
6
3
-3
0
11
-6
5
11
-10
1
19
-6
13
3
-1
2
2
-0
2
8
-3
5
14
-8
6
8
-7
1
8
-1
7
6
-5
1
9
-7
2
16
-6
10
18
-8
10
11
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2
14
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6
6
-2
4
12
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4
3
-2
1
12
-10
2
17
-7
10
11
-4
7
9
-2
7
10
-9
1
11
-8
3
18
-9
9
11
-2
9
0
-0
0
10
-3
7
15
-8
7
10
-7
3
10
-1
9
8
-2
6
14
-10
4
7
-6
1
11
-7
4
17
-6
11
18
-6
12
2
-1
1
15
-7
8
9
-5
4
8
-8
0
19
-10
9
5
-3
2
7
-4
3
6
-4
2
8
-0
8
20
-8
12
4
-4
0
17
-10
7
5
-4
1
13
-7
6
9
-8
1
19
-9
10
18
-7
11
10
-5
5
3
-0
3
11
-5
6
7
-0
7
20
-7
13
10
-2
8
13
-8
5
6
-6
0
10
-8
2
19
-8
11
10
-0
10
5
-1
4
15
-10
5
4
-0
4
20
-6
14
9
-1
8
7
-5
2
8
-4
4
13
-9
4
9
-9
0
5
-0
5
6
-0
6
7
-2
5
12
-9
3
11
-3
8
9
-0
9
17
-8
9
4
-3
1
14
-9
5
8
-6
2
13
-6
7
18
-10
8
16
-10
6
4
-1
3
8
-5
3
5
-2
3
17
-9
8
2
-2
0
16
-7
9
9
-4
5
9
-6
3
10
-10
0
12
-7
5
7
-3
4
9
-3
6
13
-10
3
11
-1
10
28
0
x0
0
x1
0
x2
0
x3
0
x4
0
x5
0
x6
0
x7
0
x8
0
x9
0
x10
1
x0
2
x0
3
x0
4
x0
5
x0
6
x0
7
x0
8
x0
9
x0
10
x0
1
x1
1
x2
1
x3
1
x4
1
x5
1
x6
1
x7
1
x8
1
x9
1
x10
2
x1
3
x1
4
x1
5
x1
6
x1
7
x1
8
x1
9
x1
10
x1
2
x2
2
x3
2
x4
2
x5
2
x6
2
x7
2
x8
2
x9
2
x10
3
x2
4
x2
5
x2
6
x2
7
x2
8
x2
9
x2
10
x2
3
x3
3
x4
3
x5
3
x6
3
x7
3
x8
3
x9
3
x10
4
x3
5
x3
6
x3
7
x3
8
x3
9
x3
10
x3
4
x4
4
x5
4
x6
4
x7
4
x8
4
x9
4
x10
5
x4
6
x4
7
x4
8
x4
9
x4
10
x4
5
x5
5
x6
5
x7
5
x8
5
x9
5
x10
6
x5
7
x5
8
x5
9
x5
10
x5
6
x6
6
x7
6
x8
10
6
x9
6
x10
7
x6
8
x6
9
x6
10
x6
7
x7
7
x8
7
x9
7
x10
8
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11
9
x7
10
x7
8
x8
8
x9
8
x10
9
x8
10
x8
9
x9
9
x10
10
x9
10
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29
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
0
x0
0
1
x0
0
1
x2
2
4
x1
4
2
x6
12
9
x2
18
5
x3
15
4
x9
36
5
x8
40
6
x9
54
9
x7
63
0
x1
0
2
x0
0
1
x3
3
5
x1
5
2
x7
14
10
x2
20
6
x3
18
0
x2
0
3
x0
0
1
x4
4
6
x1
6
2
x8
16
3
x3
9
7
x3
21
5
x4
20
0
x3
0
4
x0
0
1
x5
5
7
x1
7
2
x9
18
3
x4
12
8
x3
24
6
x4
24
6
x5
30
8
x6
48
8
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72
0
x4
0
5
x0
0
1
x6
6
8
x1
8
0
x5
0
6
x0
0
1
x7
7
9
x1
9
3
x2
6
3
x6
18
10
x3
30
8
x4
32
8
x5
40
10
x6
60
9
x8
72
0
x6
0
7
x0
0
1
x8
8
10
x1
10
4
x2
8
3
x7
21
4
x4
16
9
x4
36
9
x5
45
7
x7
49
10
x8
80
0
x7
0
8
x0
0
1
x9
9
2
x2
4
5
x2
10
3
x8
24
4
x5
20
10
x4
40
10
x5
50
7
x8
56
9
x9
81
0
x8
0
9
x0
0
1
x10
10
2
x3
6
6
x2
12
3
x9
27
4
x6
24
5
x5
25
6
x6
36
7
x9
63
9
x10
90
0
x9
0
10
x0
0
2
x1
2
2
x4
8
7
x2
14
0
x10
0
1
x1
1
3
x1
3
2
x5
10
8
x2
16
4
x3
12
4
x8
32
5
x7
35
6
x8
48
8
x7
56
10
x10
100
4
x10
40
5
x9
45
6
x10
60
10
x7
70
5
x10
50
7
x6
42
8
x8
64
2
x10
20
3
x5
15
9
x3
27
7
x4
28
7
x5
35
9
x6
54
8
x10
80
3
x10
30
4
x7
28
5
x6
30
6
x7
42
7
x10
70
10
x9
90
30
6
x7
10
x3
6
x8
10
x7
7
x7
5
x9
9
x9
8
x4
8
x7
4
x6
9
x8
1
x0
8
x8
7
x3
9
x7
2
x10
8
x9
9
x4
10
x8
6
x2
6
x6
1
x1
7
x6
4
x2
10
x9
6
x4
6
x5
10
x10
10
x1
10
x8
6
x2
2
x1
4
x1
6
x9
3
x4
7
x1
2
x4
9
x1
10
x1
2
x2
2
x3
2
x6
9
x3
9
x6
2
x9
9
x0
3
x2
1
x5
5
x2
8
x6
7
x2
8
x2
9
x2
10
x2
3
x3
1
x6
0
x7
6
x10
3
x7
1
x3
3
x9
10
x0
4
x3
5
x3
6
x3
5
x0
8
x3
0
x10
0
x3
1
x7
4
x5
8
x0
10
x6
4
x8
4
x9
4
x0
5
x4
5
x1
7
x4
7
x0
3
x1
10
x4
5
x5
5
x6
5
x7
5
x8
0
x6
5
x10
1
x9
7
x5
8
x5
9
x5
10
x5
4
x10
6
x1
0
x1
10
0
x0
1
x10
3
x8
4
x4
3
x10
4
x7
0
x2
1
x4
2
x8
7
x10
3
x5
11
6
x0
2
x0
0
x5
0
x8
8
x10
0
x4
3
x0
3
x6
9
x10
2
x7
1
x2
7
x8
7
x9
2
x5
31
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
6
x7
42
1
x0
0
7
x6
42
4
x1
4
2
x6
12
9
x2
18
5
x3
15
4
x9
36
5
x8
40
0
x0
0
6
x0
0
10
x3
30
8
x8
64
4
x2
8
6
x9
54
9
x3
27
10
x2
20
6
x3
18
4
x0
0
0
x6
0
1
x10
10
2
x0
0
6
x8
48
7
x3
21
10
x9
90
3
x4
12
9
x6
54
3
x3
9
5
x0
0
5
x4
20
5
x10
50
3
x8
24
0
x5
0
10
x7
70
9
x7
63
6
x4
24
7
x1
7
2
x9
18
1
x6
6
8
x3
24
5
x1
5
1
x9
9
4
x4
16
0
x8
0
7
x7
49
5
x9
45
8
x9
72
10
x10
100
9
x1
9
3
x2
6
6
x10
60
0
x3
0
7
x0
0
8
x5
40
4
x7
28
0
x4
0
9
x9
81
9
x4
36
10
x1
10
10
x1
10
1
x5
5
3
x7
21
1
x7
7
3
x1
3
9
x5
45
0
x2
0
3
x0
0
8
x4
32
10
x8
80
10
x8
80
2
x2
4
5
x2
10
1
x3
3
4
x5
20
10
x4
40
10
x5
50
1
x4
4
3
x6
18
8
x7
56
6
x2
12
6
x2
12
2
x3
6
8
x6
48
3
x9
27
8
x0
0
5
x5
25
4
x10
40
2
x8
16
9
x10
90
4
x6
24
6
x6
36
2
x1
2
9
x8
72
1
x1
1
7
x9
63
2
x5
10
8
x2
16
4
x3
12
4
x8
32
5
x7
35
0
x1
0
3
x5
15
1
x2
2
2
x10
20
6
x5
30
2
x4
8
9
x0
0
0
x7
0
0
x10
0
7
x4
28
7
x5
35
3
x10
30
8
x10
80
7
x8
56
7
x2
14
10
x0
0
10
x6
60
5
x6
30
6
x1
6
7
x10
70
2
x7
14
32
1/1 =
2/1 =
3/1 =
4/1 =
5/1 =
6/1 =
7/1 =
8/1 =
9/1 =
10/1=
2/2 =
4/2 =
6/2 =
8/2 =
10/2=
12/2=
14/2=
16/2=
18/2=
20/2=
3/3=
6/3=
9/3=
12/3=
15/3=
18/3=
21/3=
24/3=
27/3=
30/3=
4/4=
8/4=
12/4=
16/4=
20/4=
24/4=
28/4=
32/4=
36/4=
40/4=
5/5=
10/5=
15/5=
20/5=
25/5=
30/5=
35/5=
40/5=
45/5=
50/5=
6/6=
12/6=
18/6=
24/6=
30/6=
36/6=
42/6=
48/6=
54/6=
60/6=
7/7=
14/7=
21/7=
28/7=
35/7=
42/7=
49/7=
56/7=
63/7=
70/7=
8/8=
16/8=
24/8=
32/8=
40/8=
48/8=
56/8=
64/8=
72/8=
80/8=
9/9=
18/9=
27/9=
36/9=
45/9=
54/9=
63/9=
72/9=
81/9=
90/9=
10
10/10=
20/10=
30/10=
40/10=
50/10=
60/10=
70/10=
80/10=
90/10=
100/10=
33
1/1 =
1
2/1 =
2
3/1 =
3
4/1 =
4
5/1 =
5
6/1 =
6
7/1 =
7
8/1 =
8
9/1 =
9
10/1=
10
2/2 =
1
4/2 =
2
6/2 =
3
8/2 =
4
10/2=
5
12/2=
6
14/2=
7
16/2=
8
18/2=
9
20/2=
10
3/3=
1
6/3=
2
9/3=
3
12/3=
4
15/3=
5
18/3=
6
21/3=
7
24/3=
8
27/3=
9
30/3=
10
4/4=
1
8/4=
2
12/4=
3
16/4=
4
20/4=
5
24/4=
6
28/4=
7
32/4=
8
36/4=
9
40/4=
10
5/5=
1
10/5=
2
15/5=
3
20/5=
4
25/5=
5
30/5=
6
35/5=
7
40/5=
8
45/5=
9
50/5=
10
6/6=
1
12/6=
2
18/6=
3
24/6=
4
30/6=
5
36/6=
6
42/6=
7
48/6=
8
54/6=
9
60/6=
10
7/7=
1
14/7=
2
21/7=
3
28/7=
4
35/7=
5
42/7=
6
49/7=
7
56/7=
8
63/7=
9
70/7=
10
8/8=
1
16/8=
2
24/8=
3
32/8=
4
40/8=
5
48/8=
6
56/8=
7
64/8=
8
72/8=
9
80/8=
10
9/9=
1
18/9=
2
27/9=
3
36/9=
4
45/9=
5
54/9=
6
63/9=
7
72/9=
8
81/9=
9
90/9=
10
10
10/10=
1
20/10=
2
30/10=
3
40/10=
4
50/10=
5
60/10=
6
70/10=
7
80/10=
8
90/10=
9
100/10=
10
34
36/6=
15/5=
48/8=
45/9=
49/7=
27/9=
48/6=
12/4=
54/6=
2/1 =
18/6=
42/7=
8/8=
56/8=
50/10=
42/6=
80/10=
56/7=
25/5=
63/7=
64/8=
10/5=
72/8=
12/2=
54/9=
40/5=
63/9=
9/3=
72/9=
24/6=
100/10=
36/9=
14/7=
40/8=
1/1 =
10/2=
12/3=
6/1 =
20/5=
81/9=
24/4=
6/3=
30/6=
9/1 =
35/7=
32/8=
5/1 =
45/5=
24/8=
28/4=
7/7=
30/10=
14/2=
8/2 =
10/10=
4/1 =
21/3=
32/4=
36/4=
24/3=
7/1 =
27/3=
2/2 =
15/3=
50/5=
28/7=
6/2 =
16/4=
40/10=
18/9=
70/7=
90/10=
60/10=
16/8=
3/1 =
90/9=
6/6=
35/5=
16/2=
10/1=
18/2=
40/4=
30/3=
4/2 =
21/7=
9/9=
60/6=
70/10=
80/8=
30/5=
10
12/6=
20/10=
18/3=
5/5=
20/4=
3/3=
8/4=
8/1 =
4/4=
20/2=
35
36/6=
6
15/5=
3
48/8=
6
45/9=
5
49/7=
7
27/9=
3
48/6=
8
12/4=
3
54/6=
9
2/1 =
2
18/6=
3
42/7=
6
8/8=
1
56/8=
7
50/10=
5
42/6=
7
80/10=
8
56/7=
8
25/5=
5
63/7=
9
64/8=
8
10/5=
2
72/8=
9
12/2=
6
54/9=
6
40/5=
8
63/9=
7
9/3=
3
72/9=
8
24/6=
4
100/10=
10
36/9=
4
14/7=
2
40/8=
5
1/1 =
1
10/2=
5
12/3=
4
6/1 =
6
20/5=
4
81/9=
9
24/4=
6
6/3=
2
30/6=
5
9/1 =
9
35/7=
5
32/8=
4
5/1 =
5
45/5=
9
24/8=
3
28/4=
7
7/7=
1
30/10=
3
14/2=
7
8/2 =
4
10/10=
1
4/1 =
4
21/3=
7
32/4=
8
36/4=
9
24/3=
8
7/1 =
7
27/3=
9
2/2 =
1
15/3=
5
50/5=
10
28/7=
4
6/2 =
3
16/4=
4
40/10=
4
18/9=
2
70/7=
10
90/10=
9
60/10=
6
16/8=
2
3/1 =
3
90/9=
10
6/6=
1
35/5=
7
16/2=
8
10/1=
10
18/2=
9
40/4=
10
30/3=
10
4/2 =
2
21/7=
3
9/9=
1
60/6=
10
70/10=
7
80/8=
10
30/5=
6
10
12/6=
2
20/10=
2
18/3=
6
5/5=
1
20/4=
5
3/3=
1
8/4=
2
8/1 =
8
4/4=
1
20/2=
10
36
5
+8
8
+5
8
+6
6
+9
6
+7
8
+9
17
-8
16
-9
19
-7
9
+6
6
+8
7
+9
9
+7
7
+8
9
+8
7
+9
8
+5
8
+7
9
+8
9
+7
9
+9
6
+7
16
-7
15
-9
12
-8
15
-7
13
-8
14
-9
14
-8
15
-8
19
-6
18
-9
20
-8
20
-6
17
-9
15
-6
14
-8
18
-6
20
-7
17
-8
16
-9
16
-7
15
-9
15
-7
19
-7
19
-6
18
-9
20
-6
15
-8
9
x6
9
x7
6
x9
9
x8
9
x9
6
x6
8
x9
7
x7
7
x8
8
x9
7
x6
6
x9
8
x6
9
x8
9
x9
6
x6
8
x7
6
x7
8
x9
7
x9
8
x8
9
x7
8
x9
7
x7
7
x8
7
x9
6
x8
9
x6
9
x7
6
x9
48/8=
56/7=
54/9=
81/9=
63/7=
42/6=
54/6=
72/9=
63/7=
42/7=
10
48/8=
42/7=
49/7=
56/7=
63/7=
56/7=
54/6=
48/8=
48/6=
72/9=
11
48/8=
54/9=
63/9=
72/9=
81/9=
49/7=
56/7=
63/7=
42/6=
36/6=
7
+6
37
5
+8
13
6
+9
15
17
-8
9
19
-7
12
17
-8
9
9
x6
54
7
x6
42
8
x8
64
48/8=
6
8
+5
13
6
+7
13
16
-9
7
19
-6
13
16
-9
7
9
x7
63
6
x9
54
9
x7
63
56/7=
8
8
+6
14
8
+9
17
16
-7
9
18
-9
9
16
-7
9
6
x9
54
8
x6
48
8
x9
72
54/9=
6
7
+6
13
7
+9
16
15
-9
6
20
-8
12
15
-9
6
9
x8
72
9
x8
72
7
x7
49
81/9=
9
9
+6
15
8
+5
13
12
-8
4
20
-6
14
15
-7
8
9
x9
81
9
x9
81
7
x8
56
63/7=
9
6
+8
14
8
+7
15
15
-7
8
17
-9
8
19
-7
12
6
x6
36
6
x6
36
7
x9
63
42/6=
7
7
+9
16
9
+8
17
13
-8
5
15
-6
9
19
-6
13
8
x9
72
8
x7
56
6
x8
48
54/6=
9
9
+7
16
9
+7
16
14
-9
5
14
-8
6
18
-9
9
7
x7
49
6
x7
42
9
x6
54
72/9=
8
7
+8
15
9
+9
18
14
-8
6
18
-6
12
20
-6
14
7
x8
56
8
x9
72
9
x7
63
63/7=
9
9
+8
17
6
+7
13
15
-8
7
20
-7
13
15
-8
7
8
x9
72
7
x9
63
6
x9
54
42/7=
6
10
48/8=
6
42/7=
6
49/7=
7
56/7=
8
63/7=
9
56/7=
8
54/6=
9
48/8=
6
48/6=
8
72/9=
8
11
48/8=
6
54/9=
6
63/9=
7
72/9=
8
81/9=
9
49/7=
7
56/7=
8
63/7=
9
42/6=
7
36/6=
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
38
6
x9
15
-9
81/9=
9
x9
9
+8
6
x9
18
-9
56/7=
7
x7
8
+6
9
x7
42/6=
20
-8
8
x9
15
-7
7
+9
7
x8
54/9=
9
x8
6
x9
54/6=
48/8=
48/6=
72/9=
6
x6
15
-6
9
x8
9
x9
9
+6
6
+8
17
-8
16
-9
16
-7
48/8=
42/7=
19
-6
8
+5
6
+9
8
+5
8
+7
8
x7
6
x7
8
x9
7
x9
7
+6
8
x9
49/7=
17
-8
12
-8
15
-7
14
-8
7
x8
9
x6
81/9=
49/7=
56/7=
63/7=
19
-7
20
-6
17
-9
18
-6
63/7=
7
x6
48/8=
7
x9
6
x8
9
+7
15
-8
9
+8
19
-7
20
-6
63/7=
9
8
x8
5
+8
56/7=
8
+9
9
+7
20
-7
6
+7
18
-9
9
x6
9
x7
54/6=
72/9=
63/7=
42/7=
14
-9
15
-8
7
+9
7
x7
10
56/7=
54/9=
6
+7
42/6=
36/6=
9
+9
14
-8
8
x9
63/9=
72/9=
11
8
x6
9
x7
56/7=
6
x6
16
-7
16
-9
15
-9
13
-8
48/8=
7
+8
39
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
6
x9
54
9
x7
63
54/6=
9
15
-9
6
42/6=
7
81/9=
9
9
x9
81
8
x9
72
72/9=
8
16
-9
7
6
x7
42
7
x8
56
63/7=
9
18
-9
9
7
x8
56
9
x8
72
8
+5
13
49/7=
7
56/7=
8
17
-8
9
8
x7
56
14
-8
6
18
-6
12
20
-6
14
9
x6
54
56/7=
8
6
x9
54
7
+9
16
15
-6
9
19
-6
13
8
x9
72
56/7=
8
6
x8
48
8
+9
17
42/7=
6
8
+6
14
6
x9
54
6
+8
14
8
+7
15
15
-7
8
17
-9
8
19
-7
12
18
-9
9
7
x7
49
72/9=
8
8
x6
48
9
x7
63
9
+7
16
9
+7
16
14
-9
5
14
-8
6
15
-9
6
7
x7
49
9
x8
72
9
+6
15
8
+5
13
12
-8
4
20
-6
14
9
+8
17
6
+7
13
7
+9
16
63/9=
7
48/8=
6
7
+8
15
48/8=
6
63/7=
9
9
x7
63
54/9=
6
16
-7
9
8
x9
72
9
x6
54
7
x6
42
8
x8
64
54/6=
9
48/8=
6
9
+8
17
15
-7
8
6
x6
36
42/7=
6
7
x9
63
81/9=
9
7
+6
13
49/7=
7
48/8=
6
7
x9
63
56/7=
8
6
+7
13
56/7=
8
42/6=
7
36/6=
6
6
x6
36
16
-7
9
20
-8
12
48/6=
8
5
+8
13
72/9=
8
63/7=
9
9
+9
18
16
-9
7
63/7=
9
54/9=
6
9
x9
81
6
+9
15
17
-8
9
19
-7
12
15
-8
7
20
-7
13
15
-8
7
8
x9
72
13
-8
5
40