Definitions of Literature

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The document discusses many perspectives on defining literature from different theorists and scholars.

Definitions include literature as verbal art, written creative works, and works that explore the human condition.

Perspectives mentioned include literature as a mode of existence, a social institution, and a means of ideological critique.

from

A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF LITERARY THEORY, CRITICISM AND PHILOLOGY


http://www.unizar.es/departamentos/filologia_inglesa/garciala/bibliography.html

by Jos ngel GARCA LANDA (University of Zaragoza, Spain)

DEFINITIONS OF LITERATURE
Top ten General

Top ten Alborg, Juan Luis. Sobre crtica y crticos. (Definition of literature, 15-268.). Madrid: Gredos, 1991.* Attridge, Derek. The Singularity of Literature. London: Routledge, 2004. Compagnon, Antoine. "La littrature." In Compagnon, Le dmon de la thorie: Littrature et sens commun. Paris: Seuil, 1998. 2000. 27-46.* Eagleton, Terry. "Introduction: What is Literature?" In Eagleton, Literary Theory. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1983. 1-16. Escarpit, R. "La dfinition du terme 'littrature'." Actes du IIIe Congrs de l'Association Internationale de Littrature Compare. The Hague: Mouton, 1962. 77-89. Fendler, Susanne, and Ruth Wittlinger, eds. The Idea of Literature in Europe. Houndmills: U of Durham / Macmillan, 1999. Fish, Stanley E. "What Is Stylistics and Why Are They Saying Such Terrible Things About It?" Part 1 in Approaches to Poetics. Ed. Seymour Chatman. New York: Columbia UP, 1973. 109-52. Rpt. in Fish, Is There a Text in This Class? 68-96. Part 2 in Fish, Is There a Text in This Class? Cambridge (MA): Harvard UP, 1980. 246-67.* Robson, W. W. "The Definition of Literature." In Robson, The Definition of Literature and Other Essays. 1982. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1984. 1-19.* Todorov, Tzvetan. "La notion de littrature." In Todorov, Les Genres du discours. Paris: Seuil, 1978. 13-26.*

Wellek, Ren. "Literature and its Cognates." In Dictionary of the History of Ideas. Ed. Ph. P. Wiener. New York: Scribner's, 1973. 5.3.81.

General Alborg, Juan Luis. Sobre crtica y crticos. (Definition of literature, 15-268.). Madrid: Gredos, 1991.* Attridge, Derek. "'This Strange Institution Called Literature': An Interview with Jacques Derrida." In Derrida, Acts of Literature. Ed. Derek Attridge. New York: Routledge, 1992. 33-75.* _____. The Singularity of Literature. London: Routledge, 2004. Barthes, Roland. "Littrature et signification." Tel quel (1963). Rpt. in Barthes, Essais critiques. Paris: Seuil, 1964. 258-76. Bass, Alan. "'Literature' / Literature." In Velocities of Change. Ed. Richard Macksey. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1974. 341-53. Beardsley, Monroe C. "The Concept of Literature." In Literary Theory and Structure. Ed. Frank Brady, John Palmer and Martin Price. New Haven: Yale UP, 1973. 23-39. Benjamin, Andrew. "Philosophy's Other: the Plural Event as Literature." The Literal 21.2 (July 1998): 227 Compagnon, Antoine. "La littrature." In Compagnon, Le dmon de la thorie: Littrature et sens commun. Paris: Seuil, 1998. 2000. 27-46.* _____. Para qu sirve la literatura? Barcelona: Acantilado, 2008. Cook, Guy. "Making the Subtle Difference: Literature and NonLiterature in the Classroom." In The Language and Literature Reader. Ed. Ronald Carter and Peter Stockwell. Abingdon (UK) Routledge, 2008.* Coste, Didier. "Narrative and Verbal Art: Literariness in Communication." In Coste, Narrative as Communication. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1989. 71-96.* Domnguez Caparrs, Jos. "Captulo I. Definicin de la literatura. Sus funciones." In Domnguez Caparrs, Teora de la Literatura. Madrid: Centro de Estudios Ramn Areces, 2002. 14-32.* Eagleton, Terry. "Introduction: What is Literature?" In Eagleton, Literary Theory. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1983. 1-16. Escarpit, R. "La dfinition du terme 'littrature'." Actes du IIIe

Congrs de l'Association Internationale de Littrature Compare. The Hague: Mouton, 1962. 77-89. Fendler, Susanne, and Ruth Wittlinger, eds. The Idea of Literature in Europe. Houndmills: U of Durham / Macmillan, 1999. Fiedler, Leslie. What Was Literature? Class Culture and Mass Society. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1982. Fish, Stanley E. "What Is Stylistics and Why Are :They Saying Such Terrible Things About It?" Part 1 in Approaches to Poetics. Ed. Seymour Chatman. New York: Columbia UP, 1973. 109-52. Rpt. in Fish, Is There a Text in This Class? 68-96. Part 2 in Fish, Is There a Text in This Class? Cambridge (MA): Harvard UP, 1980. 246-67.* Fowler, Roger. "Literature as Discourse." Select. in TwentiethCentury Literary Theory. Ed. K. M. Newton. London: Macmillan, 1988. 125-30.* _____. "Preliminaries to a Sociolinguistic Theory of Literary Discourse." In Fowler, Literature as Social Discourse: The Practice of Linguistic Criticism. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1981. 180-200.* Garca Berrio, Antonio. "Lingstica, literaridad/poeticidad (Gramtica, Pragmtica, Texto)". 1616. Anuario de la Sociedad Espaola de Literatura General y Comparada 2 (1979): 125170. Girolamo, C. di. Critica della letterariet. Miln: Il Saggiatore, 1978. Groeben, N. and M. Schreier. "Descriptive vs. Prescriptive Aspects of the Concept of Literature: The Example of Polyvalence Convention." Poetics 26.1 (1998). Guijarro, Jos Luis. "The Possible Place of Relevance Theory in a Cognitive Explanation of Literature." Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses 11 (November 1998): 117-37.* Hassan, Ihab. "A ReVision of Literature." New Literary History 8.1 (1976). Hopkins, Chris. Thinking about Texts. Houndmills: Macmillan, 2000. Iser, Wolfgang. "Changing Functions of Literature." In Iser, Prospecting: From Reader Response to Literary Anthropology. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1989. Pbk. 1993. 197-214.8 Lzaro Carreter, F. "Qu es la literatura?" Santander: Publicaciones de la Universidad Internacional Menndez Pelayo, 1976. _____. "The Literal Message." Critical Inquiry 3 (1976): 315-22. _____. "El mensaje literal." In Lzaro, Estudios de lingstica. Barcelona: Crtica, 1980. 173-92.

Lotman, I. M. "The Content and Structure of the Concept of 'Literature'." PTL 1.2 (1976): 339-56. _____. "The Content and Structure of the Concept of 'Literature'." Select. in Twentieth-Century Literary Theory. Ed. K. M. Newton. London: Macmillan, 1988. 176-9. Magny, Claude-Edmonde. "Limites, non frontires, de la littrature." In Magny, Les Sandales d'Empdocle: Essai sur les limites de la littrature. Neuchtel: ditions de la Baconnire, 1945. 26788.* Margghescou, M. Le concept de littrariet. The Hague: Mouton, 1974. Marx, William. L'Adieu la littrature: Histoire d'une dvalorisation, XVIIIe-XXe sicle. (Paradoxe). Paris: Minuit. Martnez Bonati, Flix. La estructura de la obra literaria. 1960. Barcelona: Seix Barral, 1972. _____. Fictive Discourse and the Structure of Literature: A Phenomenological Approach. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1981. Miner, Earl. "The Objective Fallacy and the Real Existence of Literature." PTL 1.1 (1976): 11-31. New, Christopher. "What Is Literature? Clearing the Ground." "What Is Literature? Definitions and Resemblances." In New, Philosophy of Literature: An Introduction. London: Routledge, 1999. 1-18, 19-38.* Randall, Marilyn Joan. "The Context of Literary Communication: Convention and Presupposition." Journal of Literary Semantics 17.1 (1988): 46-53. Rey, Alain. "Littrature." In Dictionnaire des littratures en langue franaise. Robson, W. W. "The Definition of Literature." In Robson, The Definition of Literature and Other Essays. 1982. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1984. 1-19.* Royle, Nicholas. Veering: A Theory of Literature. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2012. Ohmann, Richard. "Los actos de habla y la definicin de la literatura". In Mayoral 11-34. Trans. of "Speech Acts and the Definition of Literature". Philosophy and Rhetoric 4.1 (1971): 1-19. _____. "Literature as Act." In Approaches to Poetics. Ed. Seymour Chatman. New York: Columbia UP, 1973. 81-107. _____. "The Social Definition of Literature." In What Is Literature? Ed. Paul Hernadi. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1978. 89-101. Ortiz, Jos Mara. "Literatura: En busca de una tierra de asilo (o de la

literatura como significante." Revista de Filologa Moderna 2/3 (1992): 217-34. Rey-Debove, Josette. "Note sur une interprtation autonymique de la littrarit: le mode du 'comme je dis'." Littrature 4 (1971). Sartre, Jean-Paul. "Qu'est-ce que la littrature?" In Sartre, Situations, II. Paris: Gallimard, 1948. 55-330. _____. What is Literature? Trans. Bernard Frechtman. New York: Harper, 1949. Trans. of Situations II. _____. What is Literature? Trans. Bernard Frechtman. London: Methuen, 1950. 1967. _____. Qu es la literatura? Trans. Aurora Bernrdez. 6th ed. Buenos Aires: Losada, 1976. Trans. of "Qu'est-ce que la littrature?". Situations 2. _____. Qu es la literatura? . Buenos Aires: Losada, 1976. _____. From "What Is Literature?" In The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism. Ed. Vincent B. Leitch et al. New York: Norton, 2001. Schwartz, Murray M. "Where Is Literature?" College English 6 (1975): 756-65. Stevenson, R. L. "On Style in Literature: Its Technical Elements." The Contemporary Review (1885). (Nature of literature; Nature of poetry; Nature of prose; Metre; Rhythm; Style) _____. "On Some Technical Elements of Style in Literature." In Stevenson, Essays in the Art of Writing. London: Chatto, 1910. 3-46.* _____. "Sobre algunos elementos tcnicos del estilo literario." In Stevenson, Obras completas. Barcelona: RBA, 2005. 4.24860.* Talens, Jenaro, Jos Romera Castillo, Antonio Tordera and Vicente Hernndez Esteve. Elementos para una semitica del texto artstico (poesa, narrativa, teatro, cine). 1978. 4th ed. Madrid: Ctedra, 1988.* Todorov, Tzvetan. "La notion de littrature." In Todorov, Les Genres du discours. Paris: Seuil, 1978. 13-26.* _____. "La notion de littrature." In Todorov, La Notion de littrature et autres essais. Paris: Seuil, 1987. 9-26. Tynianov, Iuri. "O literaturnom fakte." Lef 2 (1924): 100-16. _____. "Le fait littraire." In Tynianov, Formalisme et histoire littraire. Ed. and trans. Catherine Depretto-Genty. Lausanne: L'Age d'Homme, 1991. 212-31.* _____. "El hecho literario." In Antologa del formalismo ruso y el

grupo de Bajtin. Ed. Emil Volek. Madrid: Fundamentos, 1992. 205-26.* Valverde, Jos Mara. La literatura: Qu era y qu es. Barcelona: Montesinos, 1982. van Peer, Willie. "But What Is Literature? Toward a Descriptive Definition of Literature." In The Language and Literature Reader. Ed. Ronald Carter and Peter Stockwell. Abingdon (UK) Routledge, 2008.* Was ist Literatur? Mnchen: K. Albert, l98l Wellek, Ren. "The Mode of Existence of a Literary Work of Art." Southern Review (Spring 1942). _____. "The Mode of Existence of the Literary Work." In Twentieth Century Literary Theory. Ed. Vassilis Lambropoulos and David Neal Miller. Albany: State U of New York P, 1987. 71-84.* _____. "Literature and its Cognates." In Dictionary of the History of Ideas. Ed. Ph. P. Wiener. New York: Scribner's, 1973. 5.3.81. Whitman, Walt. Democratic Vistas. Washington, D.C., 1871. (Nature of literature) Williams, Raymond. Marxism and Literature. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1977.* _____. Marxismo y literatura. Trans. Pablo di Masso. Barcelona: Pennsula, 1980. _____. From Marxism and Literature (From Part I, ch. 3, "Literature"). In The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism. Ed. Vincent B. Leitch et al. New York: Norton, 2001.* Woodmansee, Martha. "Speech-Act Theory and the Perpetuation of the Doctrine of Literary Autonomy." Centrum 6.2 (1978): 7589. Zeller, Hans. "A New Approach to the Critical Constitution of Literary Texts." Studies in Bibliography 28 (1975): 231-63.

See also Pragmatics of literature.

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