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[Archive] PERTANYAAN SEDERHANA INTERVIEW MENGENAI PIPING

Oleh Yadi Setiadi pada 5 Juni 2013 pukul 23:19
Note : hanya membantu membuat doc, biar tidak tenggelam

PERTANYAAN SEDERHANA INTERVIEW MENGENAI KOMPARASI CODE &
STANDARD

1. Pipeline : SNI 3474 VS ISO 13623+DNV-OS-F101
2. Piping : ASME B31.1 VS 31.3 VS 31.4 VS B31.8
3. Welding : AWS D1.1 VS EN ISO 15607 (Ref 156614-1)

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Pertanyaan Sederhana InterviewPiping Engineering.

*Tersedia isometric dwg
**Tersedia kawat

1st InstructionMemvisualisasikan 3D iso dwg dengan kawat yng tersedia,

2nd InstructionProperties, dimension dll

interview piping
1. What is the Piping Code for Design of piping systems in Process Piping, Power Piping?

- B31.1
- ASME B31.4 & B31.1
- Process Piping : B31.3 ; Power Piping : B31.1

1. 2. What is the difference between Pipe and Tube?

-Pipe is identified by NB and thickness is defined by Schedule whereas Tube is identified by OD
- tube is with smaller size & thickness than pipe. used for instrument components. or for
venting/draining use.
- Thicknessin B36.10 and B36.19 covers the thickness for Pipe..mean while for the Tube.i
dont know ;p

2. 3. What is NB and OD?
- From the size 14 and onwards NB = OD of pipe.
- NB = normal bore. regular dimension of pipe diameter. OD = outside diameter.

1. 4. From which size onwards NB of pipe equal to OD?
- From the size 14 and onwards NB = OD of pipe.
- 14 and above
- (12Inch and Below NB, 14Inch and above OD


1. 5. Can you remember what is the OD of the following pipe without looking to the book?
1/2 in 3/4 in 1 in 2 in 3 in 4 in 6 in 8 in 10 in 12 in
- 1/2 in (dont know) 3/4 in (dont know 1 in (dont know 2 in (60mm) 3 in (89mm) 4 in
(114mm) 6 in(168mm) 8 in (234mm) 10 in (273mm) 12 in (323mm)
1. 6. When do we use Eccentric Reducer and Concentric Reducer?

- I Eccentric reducers = Pump suction to avoid Cavitation, To maintain elevation (BOP) in
rack. ii. Concentric reducers = Pump discharge, vertical pipeline etc
- when we want to avoid liquid or gas trapping inside the flow
- Ecc Red normally used in suction pump and pipe rack. Con Red can be used in vertical
Pipe)

1. 7. Why cant we use Concentric Reducer at pump suction ? Explain.

- Cause Air pockets may form if concentric reducer is used at pump suction, which results
in Cavitation, and cause damage to Pump. To avoid this problem, Eccentric Reducer with Flat
Side Up (FSU)is used in Pump Suction
- as answer at no. 6, there will be liquid trap, then this will produce hammer or hard
vibration
- the reason is to avoid air trap in suction line)

1. 8. What is the different between Machine Bolt and Stud Bolt?
- Machine bolt has a head on one side and nut on other side but stud bolt have nuts on both
sides.
- guessing. stud bolt is used to install two flanges. stud bolt can be tightened from two
side.
1. 9. When do we need Dampener, Expansion Joint and Mechanical Snubber? and Why?
- guessing. dampener & mech snubber are used when calculation meet unstable
supporting.
- Expansion Joint can be used in very limited space. Basically it will absorb thermal
Expansion of the pipe. Application : Piping around Pump. As my understanding dampener and
Snubber is used to reduced the piping vibration (CMIIW)
1. 10. Do you know the rule of thumb for piping stress analysis around the pump? Please
describe
- nope. i know only the design criteria of piping system around pump..
1. 11. Do you know the rule of thumb for piping stress analysis around compressors, turbine
and heat exchanger? Please describe.
2. 12. Do you know the rule of thumb for piping stress analysis aroound tower or pressure
vessel? Please describe.
- check of piping settlement between header line and tank/vessel nozzle
1. 13. What is Steam Tracing?
- same as heat insulation. to keep the delta temperature inside the pipe.
- steam tracing is a steam line which is used to maintain the temperature of the fluid in the
main line. From the steam header, basically we will design distribution manifold for the steam
tracing, and after specific distance we have to collect the condensate and provide new steam
tracing line for the main line. The condensate can be open or close system. If it is open system
then the condensate will be drain-off, if it is close system the condensate will be routed back to
condensate header for recycling)
1. 14. Why Full Bore Pipe is using in connecting pipeline of launcher?
- in order to avoid locking-trip of pigging
1. 15. When checking Piping Stress Sketch, what parameter you normaly need to check?
- a. line routing & number b. dimensions & support locations c. design/operating
temperature & pressure d. pipe specification e. code & standard
- Pipe properties, des and ope condition, pipe route
1. 16. What Code you normaly use for checking the Nozzle load on Compressors, Turbine,
Heat Exchanger, Pump, Air Cooler?
- Do you mean standard ? TurbineAPI Std 611 = NEMA SM23 Centrifugal
CompressorAPI Std 617 Reciprocating CompressorAPI Std 618 Air Fin CoolerAPI Std 661
PumpAPI Std 610
1. 17. What is the ANSI/ASME Code for dimensional Steel Flanges and Fittings?
- ANSI B16.9
- Flange 24Inch and below : ASME B16.5 ; 26inch and larger ASME B16.47 Fittings :
ASME B16.11)
1. 18. Name the Flange Facing
- Raised-Face, Flat-Face & Ring-type Joint
- (Rise Face, Flat Face, and Ring Joint).
1. 19. Do you know the flange facing called as AARH?
2. 20. If you would like to make a branch connection, from which side pipe normaly take
the branch connection?
- gas, vertical 90deg. liquid, horizontal 90deg
- from top; For liquid For gas or vapour from side
1. 21. Control Valve. What kind of support arangement on Control Valve?
- put supports closer to the valve. add guide on both supports. add stopper on one of the
supports
- 2 support for control valve, one of them is fix, while the other is slide (can be guided)
1. 22. Why do wee need to provide HPV (High Point Vent) and LPD (Low Point Drain) in
Piping?
- to avoid hammer. this usually happening in pocket line
1. 23. Do you know about Weldolet, Sockolet? Please Explain.
- weldolet connects header & branch, welded on the surface, with no pipe branch plug into
inside pipe; than that is used in sockolet
- weldolet connects brach and header for buttweld pipe (BE) and the size 2 and above
(common) and sockolet for socket welded pipe (PE) and the size 2 and under. (pl. correction)
- Weldolet is fitting for Butt End Pipe, while sockolet is fitting for Plain End Pipe (
Brancing )
1. 24. What is the normal upstream and downstream straight length of orifice flow meter?
- 5D 10D ?
- Thats depend on the Beta ratio of the orifice plate. But normally we used the biggest beta
ratio ( more safe ). 20D for downstream and 5D for upstream
1. 25. What is composite flange?
- flange made from non-metal material ?
1. 26. Do you know about Insulated Joint? Pleas explain.
- Insulated joint is used when metallic underground pipe connected to metallic
aboveground pipe (connected by flanges). The purpose is to isolate the Cathodic Protection
current so that the current is not flowing on above ground metallic pipe.
1. 27. What are insulating gasket kits?
2. 28. Have you done the analysis of Jacketed Piping? What do you normaly need to
consider during analysis?
3. 29. What do you need to take into account when performing stress analysis around Tank?
- pipe settlement. (data of land-lowering around tank.)
- The settlement of the ground due to tank weight
1. 30. What is the relation between Brinnell Hardness Number and Rockwell Hardness
Number?
2. 31. What is the minimum distance between two welds in a pipe?
- as maximum pipe long per piece ? 6m ?
- the minimum distance is 50mm (2) after welding. (pl. correction)
- 5times of the Thickness or 50mm which is the larger
1. 32. During fabrication, you observed that one samll crack has appeared on a fresh plate,
what type of measure you will take to obtain desired quality with minimum wastage?
2. 33. Describe the different types of destructive and non-destructive tests?
- same as no. 32
- Destructive Test: a) Tensile test, we put axial tensile force to the specimen until it is
failure b) hardness test, hard to describe, c) bending test, by using bending machine, we bend the
specimen
- Non-Destructive: a) PE, using penetrate liquid b) MT, can be used for magnetic metallic
c) RT, Radio graphic Testing d) UT,Ultra sonic test
-
1. 34. What is PWHT? Why is it required?
- Post Weld Heat Treatment
- PWHT is a stress relieve process by using heat after the welding activity. It is required
because we need to restore the mechanical properties of the pipe to its original state.
1. 35. What is the minimum thickness of pipe that requires stress relieving to be done as per
ASME B31.3?
- for carbon steel pipe 19MM, for low alloy pipe 13MM
1. 36. What is NACE MR-0175 for?
- it is a standard that is used for sour service line
1. 37. Hydrotest Pressure. Do you know how to calculate the test Pressure? Please describe.
- for B31.3 pipe, hydrotest pressure = 1.5 x MAOP/MAWP for rating 300 & below. for
400# & above, use 1.5 x design pressure. for B31.8 pipe, HT pressure = 1.1 to 1.5 x design
pressure.
1. 38. Do you know heat exchanger? What fluid in Shell Side and what fluid in Tube Side?
- hot gas or fire in shell and steam-water in tube
- On the shell side, there is a cool fluid, Tube side is used for the Hot one.
1. 39. Do you know Glandless Piston Valves. Where these valves are used?
2. 40. Have you done estimation of piping system during proposal? How do you do that?
- by separating first, all line number into critical lines and non-critical ones. then connect
all critical lines into a system and made them in amount of calculation numbers.
- basically during Estimation, we received IFP document from the client. If the document is
good, then you will get all the information you need, such as piping layout, plot plan, p&id, line
list, specification,ect. On the basis of this IFP Document, we Piping Department prepare the BM
and The BQ to estimate how much the material cost and how much the construction cost for
Piping activity. After this activity has been finished then we also have to prepare MH estimation
for this project. Schedule of the project I think will be done by the Project Management.
1. 41. Why do we need to do Stress Analysis?
- 1. To ensure that the stresses in piping components in the system are within allowable
limits 2. To solve dynamic problems developed due to mechanical vibration, fluid hammer,
pulsation, relief valves, etc 3. To solve problems associated due to higher or lower operating
temperature such as a) Displacement stress range b) Nozzle loading on connected equipments c)
Pipe displacements d) Loads & moments on supporting structure
- to ensure safety in piping design, in its systems.
- To ensure that the Pipe System on the plant is in safe condition
1. 42. What are the steps in piping stress analysis?
- 1. Identify the potential loads that the piping system would encounter during the life of
the plant 2. Relate each of these loads to the stresses and strains developed 3. Get the cumulative
effect of the potential loads in the system 4. Decide the allowable limits the system can withstand
without failure as per code 5. After the system is designed to ensure that the stresses are within
safe limits
- gather all data needed, make pipe stress sketch (put nodal numbers in it) as per critical
line list, calculate to analyze, manually (simplified method) or by computer software, reporting.
- Identification of critical line, preparing the stress sketch as per piping layout, preparing
model using software, checking input, analyze the output, give recommendation if the routing is
failed
1. 43. Tell me about the type of the stressess during normal operation?
- Axial Stresses (Tensile / Compressive), Shear Stresses, Radial Stresses, Hoopes Stresses.
- primary (sustain) and secondary (thermal)
- There will be Hoop Stress, Bending Stress, and axial Stress

1. 44. What do you need to prepare and and then to input into CAESAR II or Autopipe for
Stress Analysis?
- .i) Pipe Size ii) Fluid Temperature iii) Pipe Material iv)Design pressure v)Insulation
Thickness vi)Specific gravity vii)Friction coeff. viii) Model
- Code used, design pressure, design/operating temperature, test pressure, material
properties (size, material type, sch./w.t, CA, SY/SC/SH, poisson ratio, pipe density), fluid
density, insulation data (type & density), support location, equipment data, environment data.
- We need to prepare stress sketch and all the pipe properties, such as Line Size, Line
Material, Line Class, Ope and Des Temp
1. 45. What type of loads available in the stresss analysis calculation? Please Explain.
- sustain load : inside pressure, pipe (incl. valves, flanges, etc.) weight thermal load :
ambient, design & operating temperatures
1. 46. Do you know about Load Cases in Stress Analysis? Please Explain.
- normal are sustain, operating & expansion load. additional are environtment load &
mechanical load.
1. 47. What is Load Case for Sustained Load, Expansion Load, Stress Range, Occasional
Load, Spring?
- sustain : weight (specific gravity/density) + inside pressure expansion : delta temperature
stress range : i dont know occasional : wind, earthquake/seismic, external force,
slug/hammer, reaction froce of PSV
1. 48. What is the failure theory under ASME B31.3?
- SL (sustain) >< SY
- SL (sustain) >< Sy
1. 49. Do you know what type of piping failure during its operation?
2. 50. What is the desired life cycle for piping during operation?
- based on ASME B31.3, around 7000 cycles
- 7000cycle?
1. 51. How to calculate thermal expansion in a pipe?
- delta L = exp. coeff. x delta T x L
- By multiplying coefficient of thermal exp to its length
1. 52. Do you know SIF (Stress Intensification Factor)? Explain and give some examples?
- stress max value occuring because of material repositioning. ex. : tee, ellbow
- SIF is a factor to calculate what is the real stress that will be applied to the component due
to difference of the component geometric..for example, straight pipe will have SIF 1, if this pipe
connected to elbow, the on the elbow the stress will be higher than the pipe even thought the
condition is the same, because the elbow SIF is higher (but I dont know the value
1. 53. Pipe Support. What is the pipe support span?
- distance between two pipe supporting point.
- (Max distance of the support to ensure that the deflection due to dead load is limited by a
half inch.)
1. 54. What is the criteria to determine the span of pipe support?
- depend on size + wall thk. & fluid density
- Half inch of the deflection due to dead load)
1. 55. How do we decide an anchor point at Expansion Loop on pipe rack?
- near to end of pipe rack.
- depend on the temperature of the line, higher temp line required shorter distance of the
anchor point
1. 56. What is the steam out condition?
- Condition when we purging the line for cleaning?
1. 57. On Heat Exchanger, where do you provide an anchor support and slotted support?
and Why?
- support near to inlet & outlet nozzle should be slotted support. then another one is
anchor/fixed support.
- Anchor point shall be given on the tube bundle side, that is for maintenance reason, when
we pull the tube, we want the equipment remaining fix (not moving))
1. 58. Do you know PTFE on Support? Why we need that?
- when we dont want over-force (vertical and/or horizontal) acting at pipe support.
- when we dont want over-force (vertical and/or horizontal) acting at pipe support.
- PTFE or telfon is used to reduce the friction of the support. Then it will affect the nozzle
load or any load on the stopper)
1. 59. Tell me about spring support.Why we need it? And how many type of spring support?
Explain as much as you can.
- Spring support is needed to absorb over load (force) or over displacement occured becuse
of restrained-pipe. type of spring : variable & constant variable is used when there is sufficient
distance around pipe, so that the spring support can travel thoroughly. this is used for absorp
over-force reacted at rigid-type support. constant is used when there is only small dimension of
distance. this is used as variable plus stabilize center position of pipe in the system.
- We need the spring support when during operation, the pipe is in lifting condition, which
mean it is not supported properly(if we used normal shoe or others). So, with the spring support,
when the pipe is lifting, the spring support will also lifted and make sure that the pipe is
supported. But we have to check first if we need the spring support or not. When we remove the
lifting support and the sustain case still pass the code, this mean that we dont need the spring
support. Just put normal support and let the pipe lifting. There are 2 type of spring support.
Variable Spring support and Constant Spring support)



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