Technical Specifications - English

TECHNICALSPECIFICATIONSGENERALLINESANDCEB161KV330KV,ANDSPECIFICATIONSFORONLINECEB330
KV
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TABLEOFCONTENTS
PAGE
1 INTRODUCTION 1
2 PROJECTDESCRIPTION 2
2.1 General 2
2.2 Market1ALine330kVSaktTogoBeninborder 3
2.3 Market1B330kVLineborderbetweenTogoandBeninLomeCGhanaTogoborder 3
2.4 Market1C161kVLineLomeC161kVlinesandLgbassito 3
arterycutinMomHagouLomeCLomeAflao
3 SCOPEOFWORKANDLINES161KV330KV 4
3.1 general 4
3.2 other 5
3.2.1 Normsandstandards 5
3.2.2 Coordination 5
3.2.3 Documentation 6
3.3 deliverables 6
3.3.1 Timingcontrolwork 7
3.3.2 ProgressReport 7
3.3.3 Routeofthetransmissionline 7
3.4 Accesstosite 8
3.5 Operationmanualsandmaintenance 8
3.6 Qualitycontrolduringtheexecutionofworks 9
3.7 Securitymeasures 9
3.7.1 SafetyPlan 10
3.7.2 Accidentprevention 10
3.7.3 Workinareasundertension 11
4 DESIGNCRITERIA330KVLINES 16
4.1 general 16
4.2 clearances 16
4.3 climaticconditions 17
4.4 pollution 18
4.5 Limitvoltageconductors 18
4.6 Resistancefactorsandsafety 18
5 STANDARDS,STANDARDSANDCODES330KV 19
6 DRIVER330KV 20
6.1 general 20
6.2 standards 20
6.3 Characteristicsofthedriver 20
6.4 InformationrequiredinaccordancewithIEC61089 21
6.5 manufacturing 22
6.6 tests 22
6.7 marking 22
6.8 packing 23
6.8.1 reels 23
6.9 deliverables 24
6.9.1 Deliverablesrequiredwiththesubmission 24
6.9.2 Requireddeliverablesaftercontractaward 25
7 CABLEGUARDSTEELALUMINUMCLAD330KV 26
7.1 General 26
7.2 Standards 26
7.3 Characteristicsofthecableguard 26
7.4 InformationrequiredinaccordancewithIEC61089 27
7.5 TestingandReporting 27
7.5.1 Reports 28
7.6 Marking 28
7.7 Packaging 29
7.7.1 Reels 29
7.8 Deliverables 29
7.8.1 Deliverablesrequiredwithsubmission 29
7.8.2 Deliverablesrequiredaftercontractaward 30
8 AIRGUARDCABLEFIBEROPTICANDACCESSORIES330KV 31
8.1 General 31
8.2 Standards 31
8.3 Characteristicsoftheshieldwiretoopticalfibers(OPGW) 32
8.4 Manufacturing 32
8.5 InstallationofTF 33
8.5.1 Installationoffiberopticconduits 34
8.5.2 Installationinconduitsnotyetoccupied 34
8.5.3 Installationinductsalreadyoccupied 34
8.5.4 DirectBurial 36
8.5.5 Air 36
8.5.6 Shelfwithcables 36
8.5.7 Other 36
8.5.8 Splices,jointsandterminations. 36
8.5.9 PatchCords 37
8.5.10 Terminationofcables 37
8.6 TestingandReporting 38
8.6.1 Testingofopticalfiber 38
8.6.2 Reports 40
8.6.3 Documentation 40
8.7 AccessoriesforOPGW 40
8.7.1 Mountingclamp 40
8.7.2 Suspensionclamp 40
8.7.3 Shock 41
8.7.4 Junctionboxes(BJ)andconnectorsforopticalfibers 41
8.8 Termsofdelivery 43
8.9 Marking 43
8.10 Packaging 44
8.10.1 Reels 44
8.10.2 Hardwareandaccessories 44
8.11 Deliverables 45
9 INSULATORSANDEQUIPMENTANDCABLEDRIVERGUARD330KV 47
9.1 General 47
9.2 Standards 47
9.3 Insulators 47
9.4 Detailsofinsulatorchains 48
9.5 Pipeinsulatorstringsandcableguard 49
10.4 Junctionsleeves,sleevesanchors,terminalend,shellbypass 56
10.5 liningsprotection(Armorrods) 56
10.6 Vibration 56
10.7 SpacerDampers 57
10.8 strapsbraces 57
10.9 Tagsairwarning 58
10.10 Marking 58
10.11 Packing 59
10.12.1Deliverablesrequiredwithsubmission 59
10.12.2Deliverablesrequiredaftercontractaward 59
11 GROUNDING330KV 61
11.1 Standards 61
11.2 Materials 61
11.2.1 PiquetGrounding 61
11.2.2 Connectioncableforearthingandgroundingoffset 61
11.2.3 Connectors 62
11.2.4 Packing 62
11.3 Earthingoftowers 62
11.3.1 Extendingtheground 63
11.4 Testsonsite 63
11.4.1 ResistivityoftheEarth 63
11.4.2 StrengthofEarth 63
11.4.3 InformationFinal 63
12 STEELLATTICETOWER330KV 65
12.1 General 65
12.2 StandardsandCodes 65
12.3 Typeanduseofpylons 66
12.4 Designofpylon 67
12.4.1 Codes 67
12.4.2 Approval 67
12.4.3 Wind 68
12.4.4 ResistanceFactors 68
12.4.5 Span 68
12.4.6 Clearancedistancesoftowers 70
12.4.7 Loadsontowers 70
12.4.8 Designofframesandconnections 74
12.5 Drawingsofdesign,designnotes,detaildrawingsandmateriallist 75
12.5.1 Notescalculationsanddesigndrawings 75
12.5.2 Drawingsdetails 76
12.5.3 ListofMaterials 76
12.6 Manufactureandgeneralcharacteristicsofthematerial 76
12.6.1 Boltsandnuts 76
12.6.2 Punchinganddrilling 77
12.6.3 Galvanizing 77
12.6.4 Assemblyinworkshop 78
12.6.5 QualityAssuranceTrials 78
12.7 Accessoriespylon 78
12.7.1 General 78
12.7.2 Boltslevels 78
12.7.3 Signs 79
12.7.4 Anticlimbingdevices 79
12.7.5 Groundingofthemastcableguard 79
12.8 Packaging 79
12.9 EquipmentMaintenanceforliveline 80
12.10 Testing 80
12.10.1Testingpylon 80
12.10.2Finalproductionofthepylon 80
12.11.1Deliverablesrequiredwithsubmission 81
12.11.2Deliverablesrequiredaftercontractaward 81
FOUNDATIONS1333082KV
13.1 General 82
13.2 DesignCriteria 82
13.3 Specifyingthetypesoffoundation 83
13.4 Anchoringinrock 85
13.5 FoundationSlabfoundation&chimneyandpyramidtilefireplaceandlevel 85
13.6 Foundationconcretebase 86
13.7 PileFoundation 86
13.8 Connectingtheamountsofmastandanchor 86
13.9 Materials 86
13.9.1 ConcreteandReinforcement 86
13.9.2 Sealingparts 87
13.10 Detailedcalculations,drawingsandfactorybuilding 87
13.10.1Detailedcalculations 87
13.10.2Drawingsfactoryandconstruction 87
14 TOPOGRAPHICSURVEYANDDISTRIBUTIONOFPOLES330KV 88
14.1 General 88
14.2 PreliminarySurveying 88
14.3 Finalcheckofthetopographicsurveyandconfirmationofthedesign 88
14.4 InformationRequired 89
14.5 topographicaldrawingsofthetransmissionline 90
14.6 Distributionofpylons 91
14.6.1 Drawingsofverticalandhorizontaldistributionofpylons 91
14.6.2 Tableoftowerandequipmentlists 91
14.6.3 Picketingpylon 92
15 STUDYSOIL330KV 93
15.1 General 93
15.2 SoilInvestigation 93
15.3 Methodsofsoilsurveys 94
15.4 Reportonsoilsurveyandselectionoffoundations 95
16 CLEANINGTHEWAY330KV 96
17 ACCESSROADS330KV 97
18 ENVIRONMENTALMEASURESmitigations330KV 99
19 BUILDINGFOUNDATIONS330KV 101
19.1 Excavation 101
19.2 Confirmationofthesoilandthefoundationselected 101
19.3 Backfill 101
19.4 Installationoffoundations 102
19.4.1 Anchors 102
19.4.2 Concretework 103
19.4.3 PreparationofConcrete 104
19.4.4 Formwork 105
19.4.5 Establishmentandconsolidationofconcrete 105
19.4.6 SurfaceFinish 105
19.4.7 ConcreteCure 106
19.4.8 Testsonfreshconcreteandhardened 106
19.5 Tolerances 107
19.6 Earthingoftowers 107
20 INSTALLATIONOFPOLES330KV 108
20.1 HandlingandStorage 108
20.2 MountingProcedure 108
20.3 Tighteningbolts 109
20.4 DefectiveParts 109
20.5 Partsdamaged 109
20.6 Damagetogalvanizing110
20.7 Signsoftowersandaccessories 110
20.8 Specialfittingsforimplementation 110
21 INSTALLINGTHECHAINSINSULATORSANDACCESSORIES330KV 111
21.1 Insulators 111
21.2 SuspensionAccessoriesandanchor 111
21.3 Fittingsanchorandcompressiontypejointsforconductor 111
21.4 anchoringfittingscompressiontypeandsealstotheshieldwireofaluminumcoatedsteel 111
21.5 repairsleeves 112
21.6 liningsprotection(Armorrods) 112
21.7 Vibrationdampers 112
21.8 SpacerDampers 112
22 UNWINDINGCONDUCTORS330KV 113
22.1 General 113
22.2 UnwindingCable 113
22.03 Drawandsetting 115
22.4 Settingclamp 115
22.5 Communications 116
23 UNWINDINGCABLEGUARD330KV 117
23.1 General 117
23.2 Unwinding 117
23.4 Settingclamp 117
24 UNWINDINGCABLEGUARDFIBEROPTIC(OPGW)330KV 118
24.1 General 118
24.2 Installing 118
24.4 Anchoringandsettingclamp 119
24.5 Pointsofconnection 119
24.6 Connectingtheopticalfibers 119
25 CLEANING,FINALINSPECTIONANDTESTS330KV 120
25.1 General 120
25.2 Cleaning 120
25.3 FinalInspection 120
25.4 Testingoffandcommissioning 121
26 SECTION3WORKTO161KV 122
1INTRODUCTION
Thesespecificationsarepartofthedocument016742520050BC0001Fofthetenderdossieroftransmissionlines
330kVand161kV.Thisdocumentdescribesthescopeofworkondifferentstretchesofthefollowingsubjectofthis
offer:
i.transmissionlineto330kVGhanaTogoBeninconnectingthestationtothatofSaktDavi
(LomC)andextendingtotheedgeborderbetweenTogoandGhana;
ii.thetransmissionline161kVbetweenthepositionofDavie(LomC)asLgbassito,includingthe161kVlineDavi
(LomC)tobreaktheexisting161kVlinetoMomHagouAflaoandLome.
Thismandateincludestheturnkeydesign,procurement,construction,testing,commissioningandstartupofnew
transmissionlinesto330kVnetworkoftheCEB(CommunautElectriqueduBenin)operatingintheproductionand
transmissionofelectricityinBeninandTogo.
MoretrainingforstaffoftheMaster`sWorkbytheManufacturershallbemadeunderthiscontractonthetheme`s
careandmaintenanceofHVlines.
Thistechnicaltrainingforsix(06)peopleintotaldividedintotwo(02)groupsofthree(03),travelandperdiemwill
bebornebytheManufacturer.Thetrainingwilltakeplaceinaspecializedcenterforaperiodofthree(03)weeks.
Staff`sMasterWorkcouldbeintegratedintoassemblyteams`sbusiness.
2DESCRIPTIONOFPROJECT
2.1General
TheinterconnectionprojectoftheCEBgridwithelectricitynetworksinGhanaandNigeriaispartofExchange
AgreementsElectricPowerWestAfrica(WAPP)whichencouragestheexchangeofenergybetweenthecountriesof
thesubregionofWestAfrica.AspartofWAPP,twoprojectsofgreatimportanceshavepreviouslybeencommitted;
itcomes:thelocationofthelineto330kVAboadzeVoltawhichtransportsenergyto330kVWesttoEastofGhana,
andthe330kVinterconnectionstationSakt,Benin,inIkeja,Nigeria.
Drawingnumber016742600047DD0004"to330kVInterconnectionGhanaTogoBenin
linediagram"isincludedintheplansforguidance.
TheinterconnectionprojectalsoprovidesfortheextensionoftheexistingpositionofSaktandthe
implementationofthenewpositionDavi(LomC)toensuretheconnectionofthenewline330kV.Addtothatall
infrastructurecontrolsystems,protectionandtelecommunications.Itisalsoplannedimplementationofthenew
stationLgbassitoandtheconstructionofa161kVtransmissionlinelinkingthisnewpositiontothatofDavie(Lom
C).Theexisting161kVlineMomHagouLomeAflaoisinterruptedcutarteryinordertoconnectthenewposition
Davi(LomC).
Aspartofthisinterconnectionproject,itisanticipatedtheworksoftransmissionlinesofhighvoltagepower
following:
Component Description Length

(km)
Market1A(Lot1)330kVlineSaktTogoBeninborder 101
Market1B(Lot2) 330kVlineborderbetweenTogoandBeninDavie 93
(LomC)TogoGhanaborder
Market1C(Lot3) 161kVlineDavi(LomC)Lgbassito 14
161kVlinefortheinsertionofthepostDavi 32
(LomC)tobreakthe161kVline
existinginLomeandAflaoMomHagou
Thetransmissionline330kVsingledullphasewithtwoconductorsperphase,ishorizontalconfigurationwithtwo
groundwireswithashieldwiretoopticalfibers(OPGW)of24fibersandacableguardmadeofsteelwirebraid
coveredwithaluminum.
Theshieldwiretofiberopticswillbeusedforlineprotection,datatransmissiontothecontrolcenterandthe
operationalandadministrativecommunicationbetweenVRA,CEBandTCN.
Thetransmissionline161kVdoublecircuit,withathreephaseconductorperphase,isverticalconfigurationwith
twogroundwireswithashieldwiretoopticalfibers(OPGW)of24fibercableandagalvanizedsteelcover.
2.2Market1ALine330kVSaktTogoBeninborder
ThissectionoftheoverheadtransmissionlineislocatedinBenin.FromtheborderTogoBenin,thelinewillheadto
theNorthEasttojointhepostSaktexisting330kV.ThispostisalreadyprovidinginterconnectionwithNigeria.
Theestimateddistanceofthislinesectionis101kmlocatedinterritoryofBenin.
2.3Market1B330kVLineborderbetweenTogoandBeninLomeCGhanaTogoborder
TheborderbetweenTogoandBenin,the330kVlinecontinuesitsroutetothestationDavi(LomC)andshows
thatpostwestbounduntilyoureachtheTogoGhanaborder,includingtheconnectionworkwiththe330KVlineat
theGhanaTogoborder.
TheestimateddistanceofthelinesectionbetweentheborderBeninTogoGhanaandTogothroughthepostDavi
(LomC)isabout93kmof330kVlineinTogoleseterritory.
Market1C2.4161kVLineCLomeLgbassitoand161kVlinescutarteryMomHagouCLomeLomeAflao
161kVlinesincludethelineDavi(LomC)LgbassitoandsectionsoflinesrequiredtoinsertDavi(LomC)cut
arterytotheexistinglineconnectingthepositionsMomHagouAflaoandLome.
TheestimateddistanceofthelineDavi(LomC)Lgbassitoisabout14kmandtherequiredsectionsinline
MomHagouDavie(LomC)LomeAflaois32km,foratotalof
46kmof161kVlineinTogoleseterritory.
3SCOPEOFWORKANDLINES161KV330KV
3.1General
Theworkincludestherecognitionoftheroute(thedetailsoftherouteoftheline),geotechnicalinvestigations,
detaileddesign,procurement,qualitymanagement,manufacturing,factorytesting,transportationofmaterialson
sites,installation,testingandcommissioningoftransmissionlines161and330kV.
Note:Tablesofcoordination(Table31andTable32belowspecifybutnotlimitedtocertainjobsthatrequire
coordinationbetweenvariousContractorsinordertomeetdeadlines.
ItistheresponsibilityofeachContractortoplanitsworktoallowbettercoordinationwithotherstakeholders
Contractors.
Theworkmustbeconductedincompliancewiththerequirementsofthefollowingtechnicalspecifications:
0167425200F43ES0001 TechnicalSpecifications 330kVLines
CEB0001 TechnicalSpecifications 161kVLines
Withoutbeingexhaustive,theScopeofWorkincludesthelistofkeyactivitiesincludingworknotmentionedinthat
list,butrequiredforcompletionoftheprojectaccordingtospecificationsandstandardsinforce.
a.Thetopographicsurveyofthefinalrouteoftheline,plansandprofiles,theoptimizeddistributionofthepylons
andthechoiceoffoundationsassociatedwitheachtowerandlocation;
b.Thegeotechnicalinvestigationforthedesignoftowerfoundations,preliminarymeasurementsandfinaltestingof
soilstrengthforthefoundationdesignmeetingthestandardsinforceandstrictcriteriafortowerdesignbasedon
soiltypeatthechosenlocation;
c.Preliminarystepsandfinaltestingofsoilresistivity,foragoodnetworkdesigngrounding;
d.Design,prototypefabricationlinesfor161kVand330kVformechanicaltestingandscalemanufactureoflattice
steeltowersincludingallaccessories(extensionsamounts)astheoptimizedfinaldistribution;
e.Thesupplyanddeliveryofreservematerial,specialtoolsandequipmentformaintenanceoftransmissionlines;
f.Theconstructionofaroadmaintenancealongthelinecomplementedwithportionsoftributaryroadsandclearing
ofthecorridorforconstructionandmaintenanceofasufficientdistancebetweentheconductorsinallweather
conditions;
g.Transporttowerstotheirlocationontheaxisoftheline,foundationconstruction,assemblyofthesetowerson
thefoundationsrespectingthetimeconstraintsofconcretecuring,thebondingofequipmentunwindingcables(
conductors,OPGW,cableguard),theattachmentofinsulatorsandclamps,thefinalarrowsetallcablesandsupply
ofconstructionequipmentrequiredforsuchoperations;
h.Connectionsanchoringofthephaseconductorsandshieldwirescoatedsteelandaluminumshieldwiretooptical
fibers(OPGW)intheporticoofthestation,itsdescentanditsconnectiontofiberopticjunctionbox(BJ)atthe
varioussitesareintegralpartsofthiscontract;
ImportantNotes:
ThesiteofAflaotoTogoGhanaborderopticalfiberwillbeconnectedtoBJthatwillbeinstalledbytheContractor
ontheonlineportalofthesaidsite(see8.7.4.2);
Onothersites,fiberopticcableswillbeconnectedtotheBJlineinstalledbytheContractorinthe
telecommunicationsroomoneachrespectivesite(see8.7.4.1).
i.Thesupplyandinstallationofoverheadwarningbeaconsandpaintingoftowers,orwhererequired;
j.Cleaningofthehold,includingthedisposalofwoodanddebrisandconstructionofallnecessarypathsandsite
preparationofthetower.Thefoundationsincludingthetestingofcompressivestrengthofconcreteandgrout,pull
offtestboltsofrockanchorsandothertestsrequiredbytheEngineertotheOwner.Equipment,tools,equipment
andskilledlaborforcarryingoutthetestsshallbefurnishedbytheContractor;
k.Allworkrequiredtocomplywithenvironmentalprotectionmeasures;
l.Necessarymeasurestopreventandcontrolsoilerosionsitespylons,whenrequired;
m.Testingandacceptanceofworkcompleted;
n.Theavailabilityofoperationmanualsandmaintenance;
o.Andallotherworkrequiredtocompletethetransmissionlineundertheagreement.
Insummary,thecontractorisresponsibleforpurchasingallmaterialsandequipmentrequiredfor
line,transportation,andconstructiontodelivertothecustomerlinescompletelyoperationalpointofdepartureto
destinationdefined,allasrequiredbythecontractdocumentsandtherulesofart.
Thisfiledoesnotincludetheworkofthesectionlineto330kVwithinGhana.
(OnlyworksassociatedwithtelecommunicationsinfrastructurewithinGhanaare
includedinthisproject.)
3.2Other
3.2.1NormsandStandards
Thelatesteditionorrevisionofallstandardsmentionedinthespecificationsshouldbeapplied.
3.2.2Coordination
TheContractorshallberesponsibleforplanningallphasesofwork,includingcoordinatingtheactivitiesand
operationsofitssuppliersandsubcontractors.
TheContractorshallberesponsibleforcoordinatingtheworkofstudyandmustensurethatallcomponentsofthe
transportsystemarecompatibleandfullycomplywithspecificationstomaketheirconnectionintermsofsizeand
designloads.
Inparticular,thedesignofconnectionsandfittingsinaterminalstructureorexistinginthecasewhereapylonmust
becompatiblewiththeexistingconnectionpoint.
TheContractorshallcoordinatewithsuppliersofmaterialsandequipmentsothatthedeliveryoftheequipment
complieswiththeconstructionschedule.
3.2.3Documentation
TheContractorshallprepareandsubmitforreviewbytheengineeroftheClient,alldrawingsanddocuments.The
drawingsshallbeA1size(841x594mm),A3(420x297mm)orA4(297x210mm)andincludethecartridgeinto
thebottomrightcorner.TextdocumentsmustbeinanA4(297x210mm).
TheContractorshallsubmittotheengineertotheOwner,nolaterthansix(6)monthsaftercontractaward,one(1)
AutoCAD2004electronicfileonaCDROM,andfour(4)Hardcopiesofeachdrawing.Copiescorrectedbythe
EngineertotheOwnerwillbereturnedtotheContractorwithin60daysafterthepresentationofeachitem.The
drawingswillbecorrected,ifnecessary,resubmittedfollowingthesameprocedure.
AnAutoCAD2004updated,aswellassix(6)copiesoffinaldrawingsshallbesubmittedbytheContractor,by(1)
monthbeforedeliveryoftheitemconcerned.
3.3Deliverables
ThefollowingtechnicalinformationwillberequiredatthetimeofsubmissionofitsproposalbytheContractor:
Designdrawings;
Controlofworkschedules;
Sheetscompleted;
Testreportsavailablefromsuppliers(theseareinadditiontotestreportsduringproduction);
Qualityassuranceprogram;
Brochuresandcatalogs.
TheContractorshallprovidethefollowingadditionalinformationbeforeorduringtheperiodofproduction.The
informationrequiredpriortomanufacturewillbeidentifiedbytheengineeroftheClient:
Scheduleofdrawings;
Assemblydrawings,materialslist,etc..;
Instructionmanualsanduse;
Reportsandtestcertificates;
Factorytestprogram;
Drawingsandtransportationandhandlingprocedure,ifrequiredbytheengineeroftheClient;
Markingpatterns,ifrequiredbytheengineeroftheClient;
Listoftestsrequiredforapproval;
Detailedguideforinstallation;
Detailedguideforthereception;
Factcontrolwork;
Reportontheprogressofthemanufactureonaweeklybasis.
TheContractorisresponsibleforalldisagreements,errorsoromissionsinthebiddingornotrevisedbytheengineer
totheOwner.
AllreportsordrawingsmustbesuppliedintheinternationalSIunitsystem.
3.3.1Timingofcontrolwork
Within15daysfollowingtheawardofthecontract,theContractorshallsubmittotheengineertotheOwnera
scheduleofmonitoringdetailedwork.Thedeliveryscheduleshallbeconsistentwiththetimingcontrolofthe
engineertotheOwner.ThisscheduleisGantttypeoranotherformatpreviouslyapprovedbytheEngineertothe
Owner.
Thescheduleofworkcontrolmustindicateforeachsectionandsubsectionasgiveninthebordeauxprices,datesof
commencementandcompletionforthemajoractivitiesofworkincludes:
Studyandpresentationofdesignnotesforrevision;
Submissionofdrawingsforreview;
Submissionoffinaldrawings;
Placementofpurchaseorders;
Receiptofmaterial;
Manufactureorproduction;
Instructionmanuals;
Factorytests;
Shipping.
3.3.2ProgressReport
TheContractorshallsubmittotheengineertotheOwneramonthlyreportindicatingtheprogressmadeprogress
duringthepreviousperiod.Thereportmustshowprogressinacumulativetableofcompletion,expressedasa
percentageofallitemsshowninthescheduleofcontrolwork.
3.3.3Plotofthetransmissionline
TheContractorshallberesponsibleforselectingthefinalrouteofthelinewiththeapprovaloftheEngineertothe
Owner.Thesurveyofthelandmustbeexecutedaccordingtothechosenrouteofthelineandwithoutanychange
exceptafterconsentoftheEngineertotheOwner.TheContractormayrequesttheassistanceoftheengineerofthe
Employerinspecialcases.
ThefinalstatementoftherouteplansandprofilesofthelinearethetotalresponsibilityoftheContractor.The
document016742300043EDA0001partofthistechnicalspecificationshouldnotbeusedforconstruction;itis
intendedonlytobidderstodefinethescopeofworkinvolved.
TheContractorshallmakeallrecordsrequiredtoestablishalinetangentlinebetweenthecornerpoints.
Encroachmentoradjacentfeaturessuchasvillages,buildings,roads,railways,waterways,fences,pipelines,power
lines,etc.mustbeidentifiedandannotatedonamap.
Thesurveysandprofilesurveysaimtoestablishthecoordinatesandelevationsoftheaxisoftheline,allpointsand
obstaclesinthehallway(right)chosen,theelevationofallpointsreferenceandcrossslopesoftheROW.The
Contractorshalldeterminetheminimumclearanceofconductorsthroughexistingroads,railways,waterways,non
navigablewatersurfaces,telecommunicationlines,powerlines,buildingsandotherobstructionsalongtheroute,
basedontheminimumverticalandhorizontalclearances.
Therecordsmustalsoincludethelateralrecessesoneachsideoftheroutetoensurethattheminimumdistance
specifiedforeachstructureismaintained.
AllpointsraisedwillbeprovidedasalistofpointswithtopographicdigitalcodecompatiblewithPLSCADDsoftware
asafileorxyzpfl.
3.4Accesstothesite
TheContractorshallberesponsibleforconstructionandmaintenanceofallnecessaryaccessfortherealizationof
theline.Thelocationsoftheseaccesses,whichmustbesubmittedforapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwner,must
haveaminimumimpactontheenvironment.Thesurfacesofaccessroadsmustbeleveledwithagrader.
3.5Manualsforoperationandmaintenance
TheContractorshallprepareoperationmanualsandmaintenancecomplete,detailedandreliabledataneededfor
theoperationandmaintenanceoftransmissionlines.
Inparticular,theContractorshallprovideinstructionsforoperationandmaintenanceforallcomponentsoftheline
including:
Foundations;
Pylons;
Driversincludingsleevesandanchors;
Cablegroundingincludingsleevesandanchors;
Insulators;
Linehardware;
Vibrationdampers;
Spacerdampers;
GroundwireandfiberopticcablecoveredwithAlincludingsleeves,anchorsandjunctionboxes.
3.6Qualitycontrolduringtheexecutionofworks
TheContractorshallimplementaprogramofqualitycontrolduringtheexecutionofworks.ThisprogramisISO
9001.
TheprogrammustbesubmittedtotheEngineertotheOwnerwithin30daysofcontractawardforreviewand
approval,shalladdress,amongothers,thefollowing:
A.Q.flowchart;
Levelofauthorityandcompetenceofpersonnelqualitycontrol;
Controlequipment;
Facilitiesfortesting,toolsandinstruments;
Monitoringandinspectionofeachpartinstalledinaccordancewiththedrawings;
Reportnoncomplianceandcorrectiveaction;
Specificationsforqualitycontrol;
DocumentControltothesite.
TheContractorshallmaintainrecordsofqualitycontrolonsite(asaminimumrequirement)maybereviewedbythe
engineeroftheClientatanytime:
Fileswiththeformsofverificationandtestresultsformaterialsusedforwork.Thevariousstepsrequired
inspection,definedforeachworkitem,mustbesubmittedforapprovalbytheengineeroftheClient;
Recordsreportnoncompliance(RNC):Thesereportswillbenewsuntilsatisfactorycorrectivemeasureshavebeen
applied.PeriodicreviewreportsRNCmustbedonewiththeEngineertotheOwnertoevaluatethequalityofwork
performedbytheContractor.TheContractorshallbecloselymonitoringallreportsRNC;
Drawings"asbuilt"theContractorshallkeeponsiteacopyupdate,eachdrawingwiththeremark"asbuilt",
availableforinspectionbytheengineertotheOwner.Allsignificantchangestotheoriginaldrawingsmustbe
documentedbyanRNCforwhichtheContractormaybeliabletoprovideexplanationsandjustifications;
TheannotateddrawingswillthenbeusedbytheContractortopreparedrawings
"Asbuilt"finalwhichwillbedeliveredtotheEngineertotheOwneruponcompletion;
ThelocalrepresentativeoftheContractorshallberesponsibleforimplementingthequalityassuranceprogramon
siteandkeeprecordsthereof;
Attheendofwork,theContractormustsubmitalldocumentationrelatingtoqualitycontroltotheengineertothe
Owner.TheworkwillnotbeconsideredcompletedandcannotbeapprovedbytheengineeroftheClientuntilthe
requireddocumentationhasbeenreceived.
3.7SafetyMeasures
TheContractorshalldevelopasafetyprogramforitspersonnelinaccordancewithapplicableregulationsinthe
countryandstandardsoftheconstructionindustry.
TheContractorshalldesignateanofficerinchargeofsecuritywhohastrainingandexperience,inadditiontothe
equipmentnecessarytorespondtoemergencies.Thisagenthastheauthoritytostopworkatanytimeifit
determinesthatthesafetyofstaffisthreatenedorthemethodorequipmentusedtoperformtheworkisproneto
risk,andarrestanypersonwhodoesnotcomplywithsafetyrules.
3.7.1SafetyPlan
Withintwomonthsfollowingtheawardofthecontract,theContractorshallsubmitasafetyplanforreviewand
approvaloftheEngineertotheOwner,amongotherthings,theplanmustcoverthefollowing:
Nameofofficersafetyandevidenceofadequatetraining;
SafetyrequirementsforContractorpersonnelandvisitors;
Meansforrapidtransportofinjuredpersons;
Hygieneattheworksite(portablewatersupply,cleaningequipment,etc.).
Preventivemeasuresagainstelectricshockaccidents;
Firstaidmeasuresonsite;
Accesstoanearbyhospitalandclinic,atanytimeforanarrangementwithamedicalteamatalltimes;
Providestaffwithhelmets,bootsandgoggles;
Workplanandprotectioninsensitiveareas;
Planofworkandsafetyfeaturesofroadtrafficatcrossingsofroadsandrailways.
3.7.2Preventionofaccidents
AllContractorpersonnelshallbeidentifiedtocontrolaccesstosites.Theunidentifiedpersonsarenotallowedto
enterpremises.PiecesofidentificationmustbeissuedfortheengineertotheOwneranditsrepresentatives.
Amongothers,thefollowingmeasuresmustbeintroduced:
Atleastoneworkerin30mustbetrainedtoperformfirstaidandhasafirstaidkitappropriate;
Everyworkerresponsibleforoperatingtheelectricalequipmentmustbetrainedtoturnoffpowerandassistany
workerelectrocuted;
Workersmusthandleareasonableload;
Alltoolsshouldbeprovidedwithfirmgrip,withnoloosepartsorsharpedges;
Allcuttingtoolsshouldcomewithaproperhandle,securitylockandstoragecase;
Thekeysmusthaveanadjustablelengthsuitabletodeveloptherequiredtorqueandavoidtheuseofanextension
withahose;
Manipulationofmetallicconductorsornearenergizedlinesorbusbarsofthesubstationshouldbeavoided;
Laddersmustbesafe,preferablymetal.
3.7.3Workinareasundertension
Whentheworkrequiresthemodificationorextensionofanexistingsubstation,wheretheworkerswillaccessareas
undervoltageswitchyard,theContractorbythepersonincharge,theengineermustsubmittotheMasterof
AnalystadetailedworkplaninwhichtheContractorexplainsthemethodhewillusetoperformeachoperation.The
engineeroftheprojectownerwillcoordinatewiththeoperator'spositiontoobtainthepermitsothatthe
Contractormayentertheareaand,whennecessary,totherelevantsectionsoff.Workonlivepartsisstrictly
prohibited.
Thepersoninchargewillbeaccreditedbytheoperatorandengineerofthepostandremaintheirsolecontactand
validuntilcompletionofthework.Thispersonwillhavetheauthoritytostopworkinthecaseofnoncomplianceof
workinpowerstationsandwillberesponsibleforimplementationofallmeasuresoflabor,healthandsafetyof
plannedandapprovedbyEngineertotheOwnerandoperatorofthestation.
TheContractorshallberesponsibletoimplementsafetymeasureswhenworkinginanenergizedenvironment.
Thesemeasuresmustincludetheuseoftemporarybarrierswithlocks,warningsigns,tools,grounding,colorbandto
limitthearea,etc.
ThesemeasuresmustbeinagreementwiththeEngineertotheOwnerandoperatorofthesubstation.
Thedetailedplanofworkmustgiveatleastthefollowinginformation:
Safetyrules:
Identificationofeachindividualpointinthearea;
Requestfortemporaryshutdownofequipment;
Preparationoftheprotectedarea;
Decommissioningofequipment(withtheinstallationofbarriers,locks,signs,etc.).
Listofpersonnelauthorizedtoworkinthepowerstationequippedwithtemporarypermits;
Definitionofsafeworkarea(informallparticipantsofallsecuritymeasures,identificationofhazardouslocations,
etc.).
Directiontostaff;
Ensurecontinuedpresenceofapersoninchargeofthework;
Instructionsfortheinterruptionofwork,ifrequired;
Essayontheworkcompletedintheprotectedarea;
Theendandthestartoftheworkarea;
Dismantlingofprotectivemeasures;
NoticeofCompletion;
Workrules(authorizations,personalprotection,operatorinterface);
Stafftraining;
Controlofthesafetyequipment.
Table31:TableofprojectcoordinationGhanaTogoBenin

No

Description of work
contractor
post
contractor
line
contractor
Telecoms

Observations
1 Room set of
telecommunications
i t

2 Telecom room energy
(batteries)

Ward than positions
as
telecommunications
equipment are
rescued by
same batteries as
those of positions.
3 Ground positions of buildings
and rooms telecom

The wells which will
be connected to
earth
telecommunications
equipment should
have a resistance of
max 7! in dry season
4 Installation of copper
plates of grounding in
theaters

5 Connecting to the plates of
telecom equipment
grounding

4 Installing cable power line
5 Installation of fiber optic cable
(FO)

6 Installing the terminator FO
equipped with panels
connection with ST adapters
in the room of Telecom
site

See the location on
the drawing of station
building
7 Termination of the fibers in
the housing and fiber test FO
Measurement
results to be
submitted to Owner
or his representative
8 Construction of chamber
coiling the cable entry
positions in buildings

9 Booking ducts admissions in
cinemas

10 Reservation of cable ducts
in the rooms

11 Accessories and hardware
facilities for
telecommunications
equipment (cable tray,
clamps, copper patch cords
or FO cable primer, moldings
...)

12 Supply and erection of towers
for Telecoms

13 Installation of surge
arresters on towers
Telecoms

14 Installation of beacons on
towers
Between sites and
countries, it is
imperative to install
beacons atop the
towers from a certain
height
15 Well grounded and
grounding of equipment
installed on the pylon
It is imperative to
ensure
equipotential earth
connection on the
same site

Table32:Coordinationtableposition
No Description of work contractor
post
contractor
line
contractor
Telecoms
observations
1

Installation and commissioning of
indoor and outdoor lighting
positions

2
Distribution and electrical wiring

3 Assembly, installation, testing and
commissioning of station
equipment (power transformers,
circuit breakers, see section 2) and
associated wiring

4 Installation, testing and
commissioning of AC 400/230V
distribution panel and associated
wiring

5 Installation of the switchboard in
DC 125 V and associated wiring

commissioning of the storage
batteries 125Vdc

commissioning of battery
chargers redundant DC to 125 V
and associated wiring

commissioning of battery
chargers redundant
Installation testing and
commissioning of cabinets
disconnectors fuses (panels
disconnecting batteries) and
associated wiring DC 125 V and
associated wiring

9 Assembly, installation, testing and
commissioning of SCADA
equipment and associated wiring

10 Connecting the SCADA network
to the backbone

11 Installation of control cables and
low voltage power

commissioning of inverter
generator and associated wiring

commissioning of control panels,
metering and protection

14 Connecting terminals (RTU) in
SCADA network

15 Testing and commissioning and
testing of the entire network with
systems: SCADA, supervisory
control and
protection

16 Cleaning and maintenance of the
site during and after construction

17 Coordination for compatibility and
proper operation of equipment at
all sites involved in this project in
the network of the CEB

18 Further coordination to be
specified by the Engineer
Client

4DESIGNCRITERIA330KVLINES
4.1General
TheContractorshallprovideallmaterials,facilitiesandequipmentnecessaryconstructionandtransportation,labor
andallotherservicesandresourcesrequiredtoperformtheworkincluding:
Towerfoundations;
pylons;
drivers;
Shieldwiretofiberoptics;
Guardcablemadeofstrandsofsteelcoatedwithaluminum;
insulators;
Thedesignandmanufactureofallmaterialsandhardwaredrivers,OPGWandoverheadgroundwires,including
suspensionassemblies,setsoftension,braceassembly,junctionsleeves,barsrepair,vibrationdampers,shock
absorbersforgauge;
Strengthenedcoppercableandassociatedconnectorsforgrounding;
Numberplates,signsandwarningsigns;
Othermaterialsandworknecessarytocompletethetransmissionlineandoperateinaccordancewithcontract
requirements.
Thequalityofdesignandmanufacturingofallmaterials,componentsandfittingsmustconformtostandard
specifications,recognizedandacceptedinpracticeandsupportedbytestcertificateswhereapplicable.
4.2Clearances
verticalclearances
Theverticalclearancefordriversbasedontheirfinalarrows(aftercreep)andtheirmaximumtemperaturesinairof
75Cshallbe:
Clearancetoland m
Attheearthingeneral 8.0
Mainroad 9.0
Railways 10.0
Waysunnavigable 15.0
Releaseofcross m
Lines115to380kV 6.50
telecommunicationlines 4.60
Distributionlines 4.60
Oraccordingtolocalregulations.
horizontalclearances
Theminimumdistancesarelistedbelow:
Horizontalclearanceofconductorfromobstaclesfordeviationsinthedriver'saveragetemperatureandmaximum
wind: m
highways 35.00
Railways 40.00
CountryRoads 30.00
Countryroads,landandrural 20.00
channels 20.00
buildings 40.00
Transmissionlinesanddistributionoflessthan161kV 25.00
aqueducts 100.00
Asforthetowers,clearancesare: m
Betweenconductorandtowersteel
Pressureturbine78Paat28C 2.60
50%ofmaximumwindsat28C 1.65
Windupto28C 0.6
Minimumverticaldistancebetweenconductorandshieldwirepylon 4.0
Minimumhorizontaldistancebetweentwophases 11.0
Anglecableprotectioncover 20
At28C,whateverthescope,thearrowoftheshieldwire(CDG)andtheOPGWmustbebetween10%and20%
belowthearrowlineconductorwhilerespectingthelimitsintensiontheshieldwireandOPGW.
4.3Conditionsclimate
Climaticconditionstoconsiderwhendesigningtransmissionlinesare:
Minimumambienttemperature 12C
Averagedailytemperature 28C
Maximumambienttemperature 42C
Reducedwindspeed(km/h) 58
VMmaximumwindspeed(km/h) 115
VRisthespeedofthewind*VM=KRwhereKR=1.00approximatevalue(seeClause3of
IEC60826).
4.4Pollution
AsstipulatedinthestandardBEClines:
Exceptontheseafrontonasalinepollution,arenotencounteredmajorproblemsofpollutionotherthanthedustof
sandandlateriteespeciallyduringHarmatan.
WeadoptthefollowingpollutionlevelsthatrefertoIECRecommendation815:
Theareabetweentheseaand50kminlandisviewedwithahighlevelofpollutionwhichisaminimumcreepage
distanceof25mm/kV.
Areasbeyond50kmfromtheseaareconsideredwithamediumlevelofpollutionwhichisaminimumcreepage
distanceof20mm/kV.
FollowstherecommendationsoftheIEC,thelevelofpollutionalongtheline330kVGhanaTogoBeninislocated
within50kmoftheseaisconsideredhigh,thereforeallmaterialsmustbedesignedaccordingly.
4.5Voltagelimitsfordrivers
Driversmustnotexceedthevoltagelimits:
Thefinalvoltageonwindlessbareconductorat28Cabovenormalground,mustnotexceed20%ofthenominal
resistanceintension;
Thefinalvoltageonwindlessbareconductorat28C,overastretchofwater,mustnotexceed18%ofthenominal
resistanceintension;
Theinitialtensionwithoutwindonbareconductorataminimumtemperature(12C)mustnotexceed30%ofthe
nominalresistanceintension;
Thefinalvoltagewithamaximumwindonbareconductorat28Cmustnotexceed50%
ofthenominalresistancetotraction.
Tensionlimitsforgroundwirewillbethesame,withtheadditionalconditionthatthefinaldeflectionnowindat28
Cmustnotexceed80%ofthesagofconductorunderthesameconditions.
Inadditiontothelimitationsmentionedabove,thevibrationlimitsrecommendedinthebrochure
CIGRENo.273willbeconsidered.
4.6Thefactorsofstrengthandsafety
Resistancefactors,safetyandoverloadforthedesignofthetower,ifany,shouldbeasinclause12ofthis
document.
Safetyfactorsforfoundationdesignaregiveninclause13ofthisdocument.
Basedontheminimumbreakingloadisolators,sizeandstrengthofmechanicalcomponentsmusthaveasafety
factorof2.5undertheloadingconditionsthemostunfavorable.Allconnectionsmustbeatleastthesame
mechanicalstrengthastheinsulator.
5STANDARDS,STANDARDSANDCODES330KV
Theprecedenceofstandards,codesandstandardstobefollowedshallbeasfollows:
Generaltechnicalspecifications;
StandardLinesofCEBinMay2004,forallstandardsthatapplyto330kV;
Internationalstandards(ISOorIEC);
ASTM,ACI,ASCEwhetherISOorIECstandardsarenotavailable;
BSstandardiftheISOorIEC,ASTM,ACI,ASCEorareunavailable.Whentheequipmentisspecifiedforaparticular
standard,theContractormayprovideequipment
Standardequivalent,ifapprovedbytheengineeroftheMaster.Iftheapplicationoftheequipmentisnotconsistent
withthescopeofnorms,standardsandcodeslistedabove,suchequipmentmustbeprovidedinaccordancewith
bestpracticeengineering,withappropriatetheservicerequiredandapprovedbytheEngineertotheOwner.
Moreover,incaseofconflictbetweenthisspecificationandanyothercode,standard,abovetheordermustbe
followed.
TheContractormayproposesubstitutescodesandstandards,provideditisdemonstratedinawrittenrequestto
theengineeroftheprojectownerthattheyleadtoalevelofqualityandreliabilityequivalenttocodesand
standardsreference.Acceptanceofanycodeorstandardreplacementmustbeapprovedbytheengineerofthe
ClientandisnotguaranteedifIECorISOstandardsadequatelycoverthesamesubject.
6DRIVER330KV
6.1General
Thisspecificationcoversthedetailedrequirementsforthedesign,manufacture,testanddeliveryofstranded
conductoraluminumsteelA1/S1AIEC61089(ACSR).
Thedrivercoveredbythisspecificationmustbesuitablefornormalinstallationorturnedloose.Anydriverwho,
whenproperlyconducted,hasa"deformationcart"orstrandsdamagedduringthepeelingmustberejected.
6.2Standards
Thematerialscoveredinthisspecificationshallconformtothefollowingstandardsandcodes,unlessotherwise
indicated:
IEC60888 coatedsteelwiresforstrandedconductors
IEC60889 Harddrawnaluminumwireforoverheadlineconductors
IEC61089 ConductorsforoverheadelectricalstrandedRoundwireconcentriclay
IEC61394 dataprotectionproductsforbarealuminumconductors,aluminumalloyorsteel
6.3Characteristicsofthedriver
Thedrivermustbeprovidedadriverconsistsofabundleoftwoaluminumsteelcables(ACSR)andwillconformto
IEC61089withthefollowingcharacteristics:
430,4 mm
2

27.8 mm
2

402.6 mm
2

403-A1/S1A-45/7

TERN-ACSR

27.0 mm
Acier 7x 2.25 mm
Aluminium 45 x 3.38 mm
1338.9 kg/m

98.2 kN
6.4InformationrequiredinaccordancewithIEC61089
Thefollowinginformationisspecifictothiscontractandspecifytherequirementsfordriversofthisprojectin
accordancewithIEC61089.Allotherrequirementsortestsnotspecificallymentionedinthefollowingtablewillbe
madeinaccordancewithIEC61089.
Disclosures required by IEC 61089 Specific requirements for this contract
a) Number of drivers Responsibility of the contractor who
will define it according to the length of
the line
b) Cross section, designation and wiring of the
driver
See subsequent clauses
c) driver by drum length, and tolerance, if any, matching
lengths
d) Type and size of packaging and packing
method;
e) Special requirements for packing, if
necessary;
f) requirements douvage (lagging), if
necessary;
g) If monitoring is required and locus of control; Yes, the locations of manufacture
Yes, upon receipt at the site
h) If the tests on son after wiring is required; not
i) If testing of tensile strength is required; yes
j) If tests stress / strain are required; yes
k) Meaning of wiring. If this information is not, the
wiring direction of the outer layer will be right;
Right outer layer
l) Requirements for fat, if necessary
(type, properties, etc..).
Lubrication required for the steel core,
including the outer layer of the soul
(according to IEC 61394 ed1.0 dated
2011-10-12), preferably the type A,
low temperature 0 C and 150 C high
temperature

6.5Manufacture
ThemanufactureanddeploymentofthecablemustconformtoIEC61089etfinishmusthavehighquality
materials,workmanshipanddesigninaccordancewithmodernmanufacturingpracticesconductortransmission
line.
Thestressstraincharacteristicsofdriversinharnessshouldbevirtuallyinvarianttomaintainuniformityofthe
arrowinthecoresandpreventdistortionofthebeamdifferentialdriverswhichleadtoarotationofspacer
dampers.Thecablemanufacturershouldobservethefollowing:
Themanufacturingmethodoftheconductorsmustbethesameforthisprojectandthesourceingotsor
aluminumbarstoobtainanalmostuniformqualityafterfabrication;
Thepropellerpitchstrandingofalllayersoftheconductormustbemaintained;
Thevariationintheratioofdeployment(helicalpitch)shouldnotbemorethan5%ofanylayerof12ormore
strandsandnotmorethan10%inthelayersof6strands;
Themechanicalpropertiesofallcablesshouldbeverysimilar.Allaluminumcableshould,whereverpossible,be
drawnonthesamemachineandatthesamespeed;
Reelsordrumsshouldbenumberedtomakeitpossibletoidentifywhichmachinewasthedriverstranded.The
drumsshouldbenumberedconsecutivelyasandwhenthedriverleavesthestrandingmachine,sothatdriversfit
togetheraspossible.
6.6Testing
Allconductorsmanufacturedinaccordancewiththisspecificationaresubjecttoinspectionbytheengineertothe
Owner.
TheContractorshallgivetheengineertheprojectowneranoticeofatleast15daysbeforethestartofproduction
ofthedrivertoallowitoritsrepresentativethetimetoattendtoalltestsapplicableinthecontextofthisproject.
TheContractorshallsubmittwo(2)copiesatnoadditionalcostforeachorderplacedwithsuppliersor
subcontractors.Eachofthesepurchaseordersshallbearthefollowingnotesonthecoveroftheorder."Thisorder
issubjecttoinspectionandshipmentbytheengineeroftheprojectowneroritsauthorizedrepresentative"
TheContractorshallperformtherequiredtestsatnoadditionalcost.
NomatteriftheengineertotheOwnerispresentornot,theContractorshallperformalltestsspecifiedinthe
appropriatestandardsandshallprovidetheengineeroftheClientdataobtainedfromallthreetrials(3)copies.
6.7Marking
ThefollowinginformationmustbeclearlymarkedinindeliblepaintoneachsideofthereeldriverinFrenchand
English:
Modelandnameofthedriver;
Conductorsize;
Exactlengthinmeters;
Stranding;
Netweightinkg;
Grossweightinkg;
Arrowpointingtherightdirectionforthebearing(whichistheoppositeofthedirectionofflow)withthe
instruction"ROLLINTHISDIRECTION";
Instruction"DONOTASKFLAT";
Reelno;
Manufacturer'snameandcountryoforigin;
Yearofmanufacture;
Purchaseordernumber;
Nameandaddressofthepurchaser;
Deliverydestination;
Destinationwarehouse/yard.
Inaddition,eachendoftheconductoronareelmusthavealabelindicatingnoncorrosive,inFrenchandEnglish,
thefirstfiveitemslistedabove.
6.8Packing
ThepackingmethodsandpackingaretheresponsibilityoftheContractor.Drawingsandproceduresdescribingthe
packagemustbesubmittedtotheEngineertotheOwnerforapproval.TheengineeroftheContractingAuthority
reservestherighttoinspecttheequipmentanditspackagingbeforedelivery.Packinglistsmustalsobeavailable
forinspectionbytheEngineertotheOwner.
Therequirementsdescribedbelowmustbemettoensurethattheequipmentiscapableofwithstanding,without
damageordeterioration,landtransportandmaritimeoperationsandmaneuvering,loadingandunloadinguntilit
reachesitsdestination.
6.8.1Reels
Thedrivershouldbesuppliedincollatedsetsofeightinstandardnominallengthsonreelsofwoodorsteelnon
returnable.Thereelmustbedesignedforoperationswithnormaltensionpeeling.
Thedrumsreelsofconductormustbewrappedwithaprotectivecoatingresistanttomildew.Theinteriorsidesof
thedrumsshouldbecoveredwithwoodfiberpanelsresistanttomold.
Thetwoouterlayersmustbeoverlaidandtheouterlayermustbecoveredwithpapermildewresistant.A
protectiveenvelopeofasinglelayerofwoodfiberpanelmildewresistant,securedwithsteelbands,everything
mustbepacked.
Thedrumsshallbeconstructedtosupportnormalloadscausedbytheunwindingoperationsandmustberobust
enoughtosupportadditionalmaneuversfornormaldeliveryshipping.
Thedrumsshouldbeclosedwithwoodenslats,allsecuredwithtwosteelbands.Thesteelbandsaretobestapled
tothewoodenslatsatintervals.
TheContractorshallsubmitdrawingsofreelstotheengineertotheOwnerforapproval.
6.9Deliverables
6.9.1Deliverablesrequiredwiththesubmission
Deliverablesrequiredwiththesubmissioninclude:
a.Sheetsofguaranteedspecificationsattachedtothisspecificationforeachtypeofdriveroffered;
b.Thequalityassuranceprogramofthemanufacturerand/ormanualwithalistofinternationalstandards/
nationalspecificationscoveringrawmaterials,components,processes,tolerances,testprocedures,etc..,Andalist
oftestsnormallycarriedoutonrawmaterialsanddescriptionoftestequipmentused;
c.Greasetypeandapplicationmethod;
d.Ashortdescriptionofmanufacturingprocessesandequipmentusedintheproductionofthedriver;
e.Acompletelistofroutinesandtestsamplesmadeduringandaftermanufacture,andadescriptionoftest
equipmentused;
f.Acompletelistofallthetypetestsperformedandallrelevantdataconfirmingtheresults;
g.Detaileddrawingsofeachtypeofdrumthatisusedforpackagingofdriversincludinghardwarecomponentand
methodofmanufacture;
h.Alistofexistingtransmissionlinesequippedwithdriversandproposeddatesofcommissioningoftheselines.
6.9.2Deliverablesrequiredaftercontractaward
Therequireddeliverablesfollowingtheawardofthecontractarefour(4)copiesofeach:
a.Detailsofthemanufacture,testinganddeliveryschedulesandproposalsfortransport/delivery;
b.Certificatescoveringtherawmaterialsusedinthemanufactureofdrivers;
c.Certificatescoveringtheroutinetestsperformedonthecablesbeforethestrandingofconductors;
d.Certificatescoveringtheroutinetestsperformedonthecablesafterthestrandingandtypetestsonthedriver
beforedelivery;
e.Curvesstress/strainforalltypesofconductortobeprovided;
f.Curvegivingthecoefficientofelasticityat0C,75Cand105C;
g.Coefficientoflinearexpansion;
h.Temperaturecurveofthedriver,pointingoutthat:
Normaloperatingmaximumpermittedwithoutannealingoftheconductor;
Normaloperatingmaximumpermitted,andthenumberofhoursallowedtotemperaturewithoutexceedinga
10%lossofvoltageofthedriverduringhislifetime.
i.Creepcurvesversustheloadasafunctionoftime;
j.Bygivingalistreel,reelnumber,theconductorsize,theexactlength,netweight,grossweight,thenumberof
jointsmadeduringthestrandingandtheirdistancesfromtheends.
7CABLEGUARDSTEELALUMINUMCLAD330KV
7.1General
Thisspecificationcoversthedetailedrequirementsforthedesign,manufacture,testinganddeliveryoftheshield
wireofsteelwithaluminumstrandsconcentrated.
Itisexpectedthattheshieldwirecoveredinthisspecificationmustbesuitableforinstallationwithnormaltension
ortensionloose.Allcableguardwho,whenstrandeditself,presentsa"deformationcart"orstrandsdamaged
duringthepeelingmustberejected.
7.2Standards
Thematerialscoveredinthisspecificationshallconformtothefollowingstandardsandcodes,unlesstheengineer
approvesoftheClientother:
IEC61089
AndAmendment1dated19971905
ConductorsforoverheadelectricalstrandedRoundwireconcentriclay
Sonofsteelcoatedwithaluminumforelectricalpurposes
7.3Characteristicsoftheshieldwire
Thecableiscoatedsteelstrandsconcentratedaluminum(typeaccordingtoIEC61089SA1awithAmendmentNo.
1dated19971905andmusthavecharacteristicsconsistentwiththefollowingrequirements:
Description units
general
Type
designation
Basicstandard
Mechanicalpropertiesand
dimensions
Numberofson
Wirediameter
diameteroutside
sectiontotal
mass
Tensile
Modulusofelasticity
D.c.resistanceat20C
mmmm
mm
2
kg/kmkN
MPa
ohms/km
SA1a(steelcoatedwith
aluminum)
Acierrecouvert
daluminium
(Alumoweld)
IEC61232andIECson
for61089with
AmendmentNo.1
dated199705to
completetheshield
wire
3
,
2
7
9
,
8
7.4InformationrequiredinaccordancewithIEC61089
Thefollowinginformationisspecifictothiscontractandspecifytherequirementsfordriversofthisprojectin
accordancewithIEC61089.Allotherrequirementsortestsnotspecificallymentionedinthefollowingtablewillbe
madeinaccordancewithIEC61089.
DisclosuresrequiredbyIEC61089 Specificrequirements forthiscontract
7.5TestingandReporting
AllgroundwiresmanufacturedaccordingtothisspecificationshallbesubjecttoinspectionbytheEngineertothe
Owner.
subcontractors.Eachofthesepurchaseordersshallbearthefollowingnotesonthecoveroftheorder.
"Thisorderissubjecttoinspectionandshipmentbytheengineeroftheprojectowneroritsauthorized
representative"
Testproceduresnotcoveredbythecontractshallconformtothestandardslistedabove;
TheContractorshallperformtherequiredtestsatnoadditionalcost.Thesetestsshallbeassistedbytheengineer
oftheClient;
NomatteriftheengineertotheOwnerispresentornot,theContractorshallperformalltestsspecifiedbythe
standardsappropriateandshallprovidetheengineeroftheClientdataobtainedfromallthreetrials(3)copies.
7.5.1Reports
TheContractorshallgivetheEngineertotheOwnerthree(3)copiesofcertificatesshowingthatallrequiredtests
wereperformedandthematerialsandworkmanshipconformtospecifiedrequirements.Nodeliveriesofcable
guardshallbemadeonsitepriorapprovalbytheengineertotheOwnertestcertificatesrelatingtothetotal
amountofreelsineverydetailofdelivery.
7.6Marking
ThefollowinginformationmustbeclearlymarkedwithindeliblepaintoneachsideofthereeldriverinFrenchand
English:
Typeandnameofthedriver;
Conductorsize;
Serialnumberandminimumtensilestrength;
stranding;
Netweightinkg;
Grossweig
Reelno;
Yearofmanufacture;
Purchaseordernumber,nameandaddressofthepurchaser;
Destinationwarehouse/yard
Inaddition,eachendoftheshieldwireonareelmusthavealabelindicatingnoncorrosive,inFrenchandEnglish,
thefirstfiveitemslistedabove.
7.7Packing
hasreacheditsfinaldestination.
7.7.1Reels
Thegroundwiremustbedeliveredinstandardnominallengthsonreelsofwoodorsteel,nonreturnable.Thereel
mustbedesignedforoperationswithnormaltensionpeeling.
Thedrumsreelsofconductormustbewrappedwithaprotectivecoatingresistanttomildew.Theinteriorsidesof
thedrumsshouldbecoveredwithwoodfiberpanelsresistanttomold.
Thetwoouterlayersoftheshieldwiremustbesuperimposedandtheouterlayermustbecoveredwithpaper
mildewresistant.Aprotectiveenvelopeofasinglelayerofwoodfiberpanelmildewresistant,securedwithsteel
bands,everythingmustbepacked.
Thedrumsshouldbeclosedwithwoodenslats,allsecuredwithtwosteelbands.Thesteelbandsaretobestapled
7.8Deliverables
Sheetsofguaranteedspecificationsattachedtothisspecificationforeachtypeofcableguardproposed;
Thequalityassuranceprogramofthemanufacturerand/ormanualwithalistofinternationalstandards/
Ashortdescriptionofmanufacturingprocessesandequipmentusedintheproductionofthecableguard;
Acompletelistofroutinetestsperformedduringandaftermanufactureanddescriptionoftestequipmentused;
Acompletelistofallthetypetestsperformed,andallrelevantdataconfirmingtheresults;
Detaileddrawingsofeachtypeofdrumthatisusedforwrappingthecableguardincludinghardwarecomponent
andmethodofmanufacture;
Alistofexistingtransmissionlinesequippedwithoverheadgroundwiresandproposeddatesofcommissioning
oftheselines.
Detailsofthemanufacture,testinganddeliveryschedulesandproposalsfortransport/delivery;
Certificatescoveringtherawmaterialsusedinthemanufactureofthecableguard;
Certificatescoveringtheroutinetestsperformedonthesonbeforethestrandingoftheshieldwires;
Certificatescoveringtheroutinetestsperformedontheshieldwirescompletebeforedelivery;
Curvesstress/strainforalltypesofcableguardtobeprovided;
Curvegivingthecoefficientofelasticityat0C,75Cand105C;
Coefficientoflinearexpansion;
Bygivingalistreel,reelnumber,sizeoftheshieldwire,theexactlength,netweight,grossweight,thenumberof
jointsmadeduringthestrandingandtheirdistancesfromtheends;
Temperaturecurvesshortcircuitoftheshieldwireversustime.
8AIRGUARDCABLEFIBEROPTICANDACCESSORIES330KV
8.1General
Thisspecificationaddressestheminimumtechnicalrequirementsforthedesign,manufacture,supply,installation,
testingandreportwritingofmeasuresoftheshieldwireaerialopticalfiber(OPGW)andhardware(connectors)for
useasashieldwireforoverheadtransmissionlines.
Eachfibermustbeterminatedatanopticalterminalforthetypeofsinglemodefiber.
ThecolorcodeopticalfibersmustmeetthestandardTIA/EIA598A.Supplierresponsibilitytocomplywiththe
requirementsofthisspecification.
Anychangeinserviceorsupplynotmeetingtherequirementsofthistechnicalspecificationmustbesubmittedfor
approvalbytheownerorhisagentorrepresentative.
8.2Standards
Thematerialscoveredinthisspecificationshallconformtothefollowingstandards:
IEC607944OpticalfibercablesPart4SectionA2:specificationAerialopticalcablesalongelectricalpowerlines
IEEE1138Constructionofcompositefiberopticoverheadgroundwire(OPGW)foruseinelectricutilitypower
lines
TIA/EIAElectronicsIndustriesAssociation
IECInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission
IEEEInstituteofElectricalandElectronicsEngineersISOInternationalStandardsOrganizationNECNationalElectric
CodeArticles
NFPA262FlameTravelandSmokeofWiresandCables,forUseinAirHandlingSpaces
NFPA502NationalFireProtectionAssociation
NFPA70NationalFireProtectionAssociation
Unlessotherwisenoted,allsuppliesorassembliesmustbedocumentedbythemanufacturersmeetthe
requirementsofdifferentstandards.Allmaterialsmustbenew,consistentwithapplicablestandards.
Intheeventofcontradictionsordiscrepanciesbetweentherequirementsofstandardsreferencedabove,the
clauseisthemorestringentofthetwostandardswillbeapplied.
Forinstallation,allmaterials,structuresandworkingmethodsmustcomplywithbuildingcodesandsafetyoflocal,
national,regional,regulatoryauthoritieshavingjurisdictionoverthework,andcodesandstandardslistedbelow.
Incaseofconflictbetweentheregulationsofcompetentauthorities,themoststringentrequirementsgovern.
Governedonlythemostrecenteditionofthecodesandstandards,includingtheaddenda,supplementsand
revisionsineffectwhentheawardoftheContract.
Governedonlythemostrecenteditionofthecodesandstandards,includingtheaddenda,supplementsand
revisionsineffectwhentheawardoftheContract.
8.3Characteristicsoftheshieldwiretoopticalfibers(OPGW)
Singlemodeopticalfiberofthegradedindexshouldbeused.
Theopticalfibersinstalledmustmeetorexceedthefollowingperformancespecifications.
Description units
fiber
number
model
Attenuationat1550mm
Attenuationat1310mmsplices
Maximumlossatsplices
AveragelossatsplicesDiameteroftheheart
db/kmdb/km
dB
dB
m
24
G.655singlemodefiber
0.19
0.30
0.15
0.08
equaltoorlessthan10
TheOPGWmustbecapableofsupportingashortcircuitcapacityof20kAfor
0.3secandashockfromlightningof200kAwithoutanychangeinitscharacteristics.
8.4Manufacture
Cablesinstalledoutdoorsmustbeapprovedforoperationattemperaturesupto70C.
Forconduits,cables,tubesfree(loosetube)withgelfreeandsimplearmorjacketmustbeused.
Fordirectburial,cabletubefree(loosetube)withasimplejacketandarmorshouldbeusedfordirectburial.
Unlessotherwisespecified,thecablesmustcontainframesandcoredielectricarmor.
Foraerialinstallationoffiberopticcablestopipesfreezingandcompletelyfreenodielectricmustbeused.The
outerenvelopeofthesecablesmustbemadeofmediumdensitypolyethylene(MDPE)andcontainanadditive
(suchascarbonblack)toincreasetheresistancetoUVrays.
Thefibersmustbemonomodeandmanagedinunitsofopticalfibers.Theyshouldbewellpaddedtoprotectand
identifywithacolorcode.
Thespacermustincludeanaluminumrodcontaininghelicalslots.Eachopticalfiberunitshouldbeplacedinaslot.
Thecablemusthaveanaluminumtubetightlyaroundthespacer.Itshouldbeseamless.
Thesteelcablescoveredwithaluminumandaluminumalloymustbestrandedaroundthealuminumtubeto
providethenecessarystrengthandconductivity,withmechanicalprotectionofthefibers.Thesonofsteelwith
aluminummustmeettherequirementsofIEC61232andmusthaveaminimumconductivityof20%IACS.Theson
ofanaluminumalloymustmeettherequirementsofIEC60104.
Theconnectionoftheopticalfibersmustbebyfusion.Thenumberofconnectionsbyfusionmustbekepttoa
minimum.
8.5InstallationofFO
Whenhandling,storageandinstallationoffiberopticcables,necessaryprecautionsmustbetakentoavoid
damagingtheopticalfiberandcablesheaths.Inanycase,thecabledrumsshould:
Bestoredonitsside;
Falloffduringhandling;
Bemovedusingequipmentthatcomeintodirectcontactwiththecable;
Beheldandleftunattendedforanextendedperiod.
Ifthecableistobeheldontheground,itmustbedeployedintheformof"eight"whilemaintainingtheminimum
bendradius.Toavoidanyrisk,placethecablemustbebasedonadistanceof10meters,withtwoloopsoftwo
metersindiameterminimum.Itshouldneverbeheldinacircleexceptforlengthsupto30meters.
Cablesshouldbeinstalledaccordingtomanufacturer'srecommendationsrespectingthemaximumpulling
tensions,theminimumradiiofcurvature,themethodofattachmentofthelinedrawing,thetemperatureof
installationandanyotherstresses,mechanicalorenvironmental.Unlessotherwisespecifiedbythemanufacturer,
themaximumpullingtensionusedforfiberopticcablesshallbe150kg.Duringthedrawingofopticalfibercables,
theframesofforcesmustbearallormostofthepullingforce.
Cablepullingshouldbedonebyhandunlessabloodpressuremonitor,acontrolvoltageoraswivelwitha
mechanicalfuseisused.Whenadrawingisusedtoinstallattendedafiberopticcable,adeviceformeasuringthe
voltagewithaswivelormechanicalfusemustbeused.
Tofacilitatecablepulling,alubricantsuitablecablemustbeused,especiallyattheentrancestodrawwelland
wheretheshiftcableisdifficult.Inplaceswherethetensionspullingmayreachveryhighvalues,duetothe
presenceofcurvature,existingcablesinductsorconduitsupward,specialattentionisrequiredtocovertheentire
lubricatingthesurfaceofthesheathfromoneendtotheotherofthecable.
Aloopoffive(5)metersoneachopticalfibercablesmustbeleftinsideacabinetconnectionsorequipment
housing.
Ofcoilloopsmustbeprovidedatbothendsofthecable.Also,thecableloops(calledserviceloops)mustbeleftto
drawallintermediatepointssuchasmanholesandboxesofprintsandalltheplaceswherefutureconnectionscan
beexpected.Theradiusofcurvatureshouldnotbelessthan10timestheouterdiameterofthecableinthecase
ofastaticbending(cableinplace)and20timesduringadynamiccurvature(rotatingcable).
Allopticalfibercableshavemaximumheightofverticalascentwhichisafunctionoftheirweightandtheirlong
termresistancetotensileforces.Thisheightisthemaximumverticaldistancebetweenthepointsofintermediate
supports.Allcablesinstalledverticallymustbeattachedtothetopoftherouteandatfrequentintervalsaccording
tomanufacturer'sspecifications.Andthat,topreventexcessivestrainonthecablejacket.Theattachmentpoint
shouldbecarefullychosentomeettheminimumbendradiusofthecablewhileholdingitfirmly.Tiesmeshedsplit
(splitmeshgrip)shouldbeusedtofixtheopticalfibercablesinstalledvertically.Whenpossible,thecablesshould
beinstalledverticallyfromtoptobottomratherthanpullingthebottomup.
Allstrapsorsupportsusedwithopticalfibercablesmustbesufficientlytighttomaintainthecablesfirmlywithout
deformingthelatter.Thetiewrapsshouldnotbetootightandfreetongueshouldbecuttoavoidexcessive
tightening.Roundedorpaddedsupportsarepreferabletothesupportsonsharpedges.
Whenpossible,theopticalfibercablesmustbecontinuousandwithoutfusionbetweentheconnectionpoints.
Otherwise,theseriessplicesmustbelimitedbyrespectthemaximumattenuationallowedbytheequipment.
Thecableendsarenotconnectedmustbeprotectedagainsttheingressofwaterormoisturepenetration,either
byacapsealingheatshrinkorothermethodsrecommendedbythemanufacturer.
Atalllocationswhereexternalsplicesaremade,enoughcablesmustbeprovidedtomeetthetruckterminalfive
(5)meters.
8.5.1Installationoffiberopticconduits
Beforeacableispulledintoaconduit,theconduitmustbefreeofobstructions.Ifindoubt,inconduits
unoccupied,amandreltestmustbedrawn.
8.5.2Installationinconduitsnotyetoccupied
Theposescanbeconductedusingseveralmethods:bycarryingair,waterortraditionalprint.Inallcases,itis
essentialtomeetthefollowingconditions:
Donotexceedthemaximumallowabletensilestressindicatedinthetechnicalspecificationsofcables;
Ensurethat:1.3xcable<Conductinternal<2.5xcablediameter;
Inthecaseofparticularlydifficultcourse,itisrecommendedtousepipesaslargeaspossible(withinthelimits
describedabove)andtouseoneoftwo(ortwosimultaneously)followingalternativetechniques:
Preferablytwomachinesuseofcascadeport(oneatoneend,andasecondmidterm;
Failingtoconductposesadoublestartingwithamidpointofthecoursebymakingacoilingthroughthecable
intoadevice.
8.5.3Installationinductsalreadyoccupied
Accesscablesofsmallervoluntaryandmoreflexiblethanstandardcablesshouldneverbeinstalleddirectlyina
pipeoccupiedbyanothercable:youmustfirst"subtuber"theexistingpipewhilerespectingconditionscited
above;
Thestandardcablescanbeinstalleddirectlyinapipeoccupiedbyanothercabletakingthefollowingprecautions:
Portingtheair:theinternaldiameterfreeDLmustbebetween2and4timesthediameterofthecabletobelaid
intheconductengaged;
Traditionalprint:freeinternaldiameterofthepipeatleast2.5timestheouterdiameterofthecable,butno
upperlimit.
Toprotectthecablefromacableguidewitharadiusofcurvatureforthetypeofcablemustbeplacedateachend
oftheconduit.Anemployeemustbepostedateachendtoobservetheoperation.Anotherperson,mailedtothe
drum,monitorstheprogressofthecable.Thecablemustalwaysproceedfromthetopofthedrum,aregularand
uniform,atacontinuousspeed(0.5meterspersecondmaximum).
Intheeventacableispulledinamassivelead,aswivelballbearingandamechanicalfusemustbeconnectedto
theeyeletpullingthecable.Ifanyofthesepartsbreaksinthedraw,hemustreplaceitbyfollowingtheprocedure
recommendedbythemanufacturer.Anexceptiontothisrequirementmaybemadeonlyforveryshorttripsthat
requireverylowpullingforce.
Inpipesoflargedimensions,morecablescanbedrawnatthesametimeasthepullingtensiondoesnotexceed
thevoltagelimitspecifiedforthecableandthefillingratiooftheconduitisnotexceeded.
Ifprintsarepossiblefuturecablesinconduit,internalconduitsshouldbeusedtoseparatethespaceavailable.
Particularattentionshouldbepaidtotheductsareasstraightaspossible,andwithouttwistthatcouldincrease
thetensionofwirepulling.
DrawingboxesmustbeinstalledatintervalsrecommendedbytheElectricalCodeandtherulesofart.
Whenafiberopticcableisinstalledinaconcrete,cabletracermustbeinstalledinconduitparallel.
8.5.3.1DrawingRoom
Thisisanintermediatechamberthatcanpullthecableawayusuallyontortuouspaths.Itmakesnocoilingor
installationofequipmentinthisroomexceptforforcemajeure.TechnicalChamber
Itislargerthanadrawingroom,asitisusedtostowthecableprovided,installsleevesspliceorjunctionbox.
8.5.3.2Lovageintechnicalroomsandlabelingcables
Thelengthofthesoft(cableprovided)mustbecalculatedtocompensatefortheunexpected(1%foroutdoor
installationsand57%fordomesticinstallations)andtakingintoaccountthedepthoftheroom(possibilityto
leavethesleevetotothesplicetotheoutsideofthechamber)andthelengthofthefibertobewoundintothe
cassetteofthesleeve(1.5mto2.0m);
Thesoftmustbecoiledin''8''inaccordancewiththeradiiofcurvatureandthensettomatureintheroom;
Thelovesmustbeprotectedagainstexternalforcethatmaydamagethecable;
Eachcablemustbelabeled,givinginformationonitsoriginsanditsendsifnecessary,tothenetworktowhichit
belongs.
8.5.4DirectBurial
Thefiberopticcablesmustbeburiedatleast0.9mfromthesoilsurface.
Thewarningmeshoradetectablecableshallbeprovidedandinstalled0.3mabovethefiberopticcables.
8.5.5Air
Whenpossible,themethodofmovingdrumshouldbepreferredtothemethodofdrumsets.
Forinstallationsusingawiresupporthelix,helixwireusedtoattachthefiberopticcabletothecablecarriermust
beofappropriatesizetoholdthecablewithoutdamagingit(toosmallawirehelixcausedipsinthecable).When
installingtwopropellerssonisrequired,thesonmustbeloadedonbothsidesoftheinstallationequipment.The
threadtensionpropellermustcomplywithmanufacturer'sfiberopticcable.
Acablestoragemediumtobeusedfortheserviceloopsandend.
8.5.6Cablerack
Theopticalfibercablesinstalledincableshelvesmustbearrangedorderly.Caremustbetakentoavoidcrossing
thatcouldleadtocablebendingradiibelowtheminimumacceptable.Thefiberopticcablesmustbefixedat
regularintervals.
8.5.7Other
Theopticalfibercablesshouldalwaysbeproperlysupported.Ceilingtilesshouldneverbeusedtosupportfiber
opticcables.
Thecablesshouldbeinstalledabovesprinklersystemsandshouldneverbeattachedtomechanicalequipment,
ducts,boxes,etc...
8.5.8Splices,jointsandterminations.
Thespliceplatesonthemergersshouldbeenclosedincassettesthatarestoredinsealedboxescalledsleeves.
TheWorksoffusionsplicefibersandfibersprimermustbemadeontheturntablesfusionasrecommendedbythe
manufacturerandinaccordancewiththeinstructionsforassemblingit.Aminimumradiusofcurvatureof50mm
mustbeobservedforfibersandfiberboot.
Foreachoftheamalgamations,thefollowingmustbemet:
Checktheadjustmentoftimeandlevelofpreparationandmeltingonhismachinetomergers;
CheckoperationofthemachineM;
Checkthatthecuttingofthefiberisstraightandthattheedgeislessthananinclinationofaslopeof1;
ToalignthefibersusingthePASalignmenttechnique(alignmentsystemprofiles)ortechnicalequivalentor
greater;
Oncedeemedacceptable,eachmergermustbeprotectedwithaprotectivesleeveshrink.Thefibersmerged,and
mergersmustbelabeled;
ThesignalofsuchequipmentmustberestoredbeforetheWorks;eventofamalfunction,aninterventionmustbe
initiatedtorestorethesignalforuse.
Anymergermustbecorrectedunacceptable.
Thefusionsplicearepreferredovermechanicalsplicesforconnection.Themechanicalspliceconnectionmustbe
usedinmultimodefiberswhenafusionspliceisnotpossible.
Eachcableshouldbeterminatedinapatchpanelenclosurecalledpatchpanels.Thefibersofthesametubemust
becombinedonthesameplatemeltingand/orthesameconnectionpanelsection.
Noconnectionshouldbemadedirectlytotheequipment.
8.5.9PatchCords
Allpatchcordsmustbefactorymade,measuringatleastthree(3)
meterslongandhaveanoutershellof2.9mm.Nocordproducedlocallywillbeaccepted.
Theconnectioncordsmustbedesignedwithconnectorscompatiblewiththeequipmentandinstallation.Thetype
ofopticalfiberusedfortheconnectingcordsshouldbethesameasthatoftheopticalfibersontermination
connectors.
05/08/10terminatingcables
Allboxesopticalconnectionsmustbelargeenoughtowraptheexcesscablerequired.
Theopticaljunctionboxesmusthavetheabilitytoinstalltheplatesmeltingandpatchpanelsandanadditional
spaceforthefibersleftinreserve.Sufficientspacemustbeprovidedinthekittoinstallthetermination
connectors.
Theabilityoffusionplatesmustneverbeexceeded.
8.5.10.1Installingcabinetsconnections
Inthehallsofcommunication,connectionboxesmustbeoftypetobeinstalledinarack(rackmount).
Inthelimitedspace,clean,dryenvironment,theboxesforwallconnectionsshouldbeused.
Inthehumidanddustyboxesofpapersmustbedesignedforwallmountingandclassifiedaccordingtothe
installationlocation.
Outside,communicationsenclosuresmustbedesignedforwallmountingandratedforoutdoorinstallation
(weatherresistantnaturalenvironment).
8.5.10.2Connectors
Unlessotherwisestated,theSTtypeconnectorsarepreferred.
8.5.10.2.1IdentificationSystem
Allequipment,connectors,panels,connections,boxesofopticalconnections,equipmenthousings,equipment
racksandotherequipment,mustbeidentifiedusingplateletsorequivalentwaterproofandindelible.For
equipmentinstalledoutdoors,theidentificationmustbemechanicallyfastened.Theidentificationmustmatchthe
identificationofequipmentaccordingtothedrawings.
Allpatchcordsmustbeidentifiedusingringsvinylwaterproofandindelibleorequivalent.Theidentificationmust
matchtheidentificationofequipmentaccordingtothedrawings.
Allcablesmustbeidentifiedwithappropriatelabelswaterproofandindelible.Thisidentificationmustbemadeat
eachendofthecablesaswellaswhenevertheypassthroughaballotbox,amanholeorboxconnections.
Eachofthefibersofeachofthecablesinstalledmustalsobeidentified,usingacolorlabelnumbered,beforeit
enterstheplatemergers.Inaddition,alabelmustbeattachedtothefibersofprimer(pigtail),bearingthesame
identificationastheinterconnectcords.
Thematerialsusedforthelabelingmustsecurelyattachthecablesandmarkingsmustberesistanttoremovaland
deletion.
8.6TestingandReporting
AllOPGWmanufacturedunderthisspecificationshallbesubjecttoinspectionbytheEngineertotheOwner.
ofOPGWtomanufactureaccordingtothisspecification,givingtheengineertheClienttimehavearepresentative
presentforthetestsspecifiedintheapplicablestandards,andanyotheradditionaltestsifrequired.
subcontractors.Eachofthesepurchaseordersshallbearthefollowingnotesonthecoveroftheorder."Thisorder
issubjecttoinspectionandshipmentbytheengineeroftheprojectowneroritsauthorizedrepresentative"
Proceduresfortestingnotspecifiedexplicitlymustconformtostandardsspecified.
TheContractorshallperformtherequiredtestsatnoadditionalcost.Theengineeroftheprojectownermust
attendthesetrials.
NomatteriftheengineertotheOwnerispresentornot,theContractorshallperformalltestsspecifiedinthe
appropriatestandardsandshallprovidetheengineeroftheClientdataobtainedfromallthreetrials(3)copies.
8.6.1Testingofopticalfiber
AllcablesofopticalgroundshouldbetestedonthedrumbyusingtheprincipleofreflectometryinEnglishcalled
OpticalTimeDomainReflectometer(OTDR).AfterOPGWareinstalledandconnected,eachchannelmustbe
testedfiberendtoendbyatestpowerofradioandOTDR.
Eachstrandoffibertobemeasuredwithatesterforopticalfibers,suchasOTDR(OTDR)EXFOFTB100oran
equivalentapprovedbytherepresentativeoftheOwner.Thetestresultsmustbeprintedfromfilesproducedby
thetestequipment.
Eachofthefibersofacablemustbeinstalledanattenuationequaltoorlessthanthatspecifiedbythe
manufacturerofthecable.
Eachfibermustbemeasuredinbothdirectionsandtwowavelengths(1310nmand1550nm).
Theattenuationofallthelinksconnectingthevariousopticalpatchpanelsandopticalhousingsmustbe
measured:
a)Testallnewfiberopticcables;
b)Testofallmergers,includingtheinstallationoftemporaryconnectionifnecessary.Theattenuationshouldnot
exceed0.1dBforafusionspliceand0.3dBfor
mechanicalsplice.Ifunsuccessful,thespliceshouldbereverseduntilitmeetstheattenuationrequirements.The
lossperconnectorshouldnotbegreaterthan0.5dBperconnector.
Measurementsshouldbeperformedstartingfromthejunctionboxwherethereflectometerislocatedbygoingto
theotherendofthecourse.
AllfibersofacablemustbeverifiedinaccordancewithstandardANSI/TIA/EIA568B.Thisstandarddefinesthe
networkcablingandincludescable,connectorsandsplicesbetweentwodistributionpanelsoropticalfiber
connection.
Forthatauditsareeffectiveandappropriate,thefollowingpointsshouldbeobserved:
a)connectingcordstestarethesamesizeanddegreeasthoseoftheopticalfibertested,andthattheconnectors
areofthesametypeasthoseusedinthenetwork;
b)Theapparatusofopticalpowerofthelightsourceisdefinedinthesamewavelengthasthatoftheequipment
thatwillusetheopticalfiber;
c)Theunitofopticalpoweriscalibratedaccordingtotheperiodprescribedbythemanufacturer;
d)TheunitofpowerortheOTDRfunctiontowithin1310
10nmand150020nmfortheverificationofthemonomodeopticalfiber,inaccordancewiththestandard
ANSI/TIA/EIA5267;
e)Allconnectors,adaptersandpatchcordsarecleanduringtheinspectionsandmeasurestaken;
f)Thefibercordsandadaptersusedforthetestsaresuperioranddonotshowexcessivewearduetorepetitive
use.
Allresultsmustbedocumentedandadetailedauditreportincludingatleastthefollowinginformationmustbe
providedtothecontractororhisrepresentative:
a)Identificationofthecable,fiberorfiberlink;
b)Lengthofcourse;
c)Impairmentoffibersineachcableafterinstallation(dBm);
d)Impairmentofeachsplice(dBm).
Totalattenuationofeachlinkofthetrail(mayincludemultiplecablesegments)(dBm).Aregistermustbekeptof
alltestsandverificationscarriedoutandtestreportsmustbecountersignedbytheofficials.Theyspecifyforeach
equipment,ifany,anomaliesandworkremainingtocomplete.Theymust,moreover,beavailableuponrequest.
Theopticalfibersshouldnotbeconnectedtotheequipmentatthisstageorbeforetesting.
Allfibersthatdonotmeetthisspecificationmustbeconnectedtoneworreplaced.Thetestsandresultsmustbe
documented.AnofficialtestreportmustbesubmittedtotheEngineertotheOwnerforreviewandcomment.
8.6.1.1CommissioningPlan
Animplementationplantestsshouldbeprovidedforapprovalbythecontractororhisrepresentativepriortoany
testormeasure.Notlimitedto,thefollowinginformationmustbeprovided:
TheformstobeusedtocertifyWorksoftestsperformed;
Thelistofequipmentandcablestocheck.
TheContractorshallproceedwiththetestsofallequipment.Allcorrectionsormodificationsrequiredduringthe
testingandcommissioningtomeettherequirementsofthisTechnicalSpecificationmustbeeffectedatthe
expenseoftheContractoruntilsatisfactionoftheowner'srepresentative.
8.6.2Reports
TheContractorshallgivetheEngineertotheOwnerthree(3)copiesofcertificatesshowingthatallrequiredtests
wereperformedandthematerialsandworkmanshipconformtospecifiedrequirements.NodeliveriesofOPGW
shallbemadeonsitepriorapprovalbytheengineertotheOwnertestcertificatesrelatingtothetotalamountof
reelsineverydetailofdelivery.
TheContractorshallconducttestsofallequipment.Allcorrectionsormodificationsrequiredduringthetesting
andcommissioningtomeettherequirementsofthisTechnicalSpecificationmustbeeffectedattheexpenseof
theContractoruntilsatisfactionoftheowner'srepresentative.
8.6.3Documentation
TheContractorshallprovidealltechnicalinformationfrommanufacturersoncablesandequipmentinstalled.This
documentationmustinclude,withoutlimitation,technicalspecifications,installationmanualsandusermanuals.
8.7AccessoriesforOPGW
Allaccessoriesmustbedesignedsothatnotransmissionimpairmentsinfiberopticcableappearsforalloperating
conditions.Theopticalfibersmustbemobileinthecasewherethelineisinuse.AlltestsoncompleteOPGWare
requiredtobemadewithaccessoriesthatwillbeprovidedandusedintheline.
8.7.1Ananchoringclamp
Theanchorassemblywillconsistofahelicalspiralanchorfixedbymeansofashackle.Thespiralsaremadeof
aluminumalloy,theywillbeofsufficientlengthtoevenlydistributetheOPGWradialpressurelow.Theanchor
assembliesshallwithstandaloadequalto95%ofthetensilestrengthoftheOPGW.
8.7.2Suspensionclamp
Thetowersofsuspension,thesuspensionclampsareused.Theclampbodymustbealuminumalloy,preferably
forged.TheOPGWwillbetightinthesuspensionclampthroughpreformedarmor(ArmorRods).
8.7.3Shocks
TheOPGWmanufacturermustprovideavibrationalstudybasedonmeasuresofselfdampinginEnglishcalled
"selfdampingmeasurements".Followingthisstudy,modelandlocationofStockbridgedampers''type''shouldbe
recommended.ThemeasurementoftheinternaldampingofOPGWwillbeperformedaccordingtostandardIEC
62568.
8.7.4Junctionboxes(BJ)andconnectorsforopticalfibers
Junctionboxesmustbeweatherproofprovided.Thesejunctionboxesmustincludeallhardwarerequiredto
connectandprotectthefibers.Thelocationoftheboxesmustbe5.0mabovegroundlevel.Thepreparationand
cleaningofthetubeandthefiberendsmustbemadeusingthetoolsandmethodsrecommendedbythe
manufacturerofOPGW.Thefusionconnectormustbeperformedbyqualifiedpersonnel.
Opticallossesshouldnotbeonaveragemorethan0.08dBperconnectorwithnoconnectionswithmorethan
0.15dBloss.Afittingfinishmustbesupportedwithinthejunctionboxbyanappropriateboardandprotective.It
shouldbepossibletoextractthefiberfromaconnecteddevicesupportwithoutriskofdamagingit.
Junctionboxesshallbeprovidedwithtwotofourinputsused.Theseentriesshouldbesealedwithplastic
Thermofit.Thematerialofaluminumcansshouldbewaterresistantorstainlesssteel.
8.7.4.1InstallationofJunctionBoxes(BJ)intelecomrooms
TheminimumtechnicalrequirementsfortheprovisionandinstallationoftheBJ,connectingequipmentand
accessoriesinthetelecomrooms.
Thesupplierisresponsibletocomplywiththerequirementsofthisspecification.
approvalbytheownerorhisrepresentative.
TheBJmustbemetalanddesignedto:
a)beinstalledinatropicalenvironmentwithrigoroussaltsprayfromoceanwinds;
b)resistanttomechanicalshockinaccordancewiththestandardsofindustrialplants;
c)weatherresistantnaturalrelativehumidity(98%)andtemperature(up
40*C).
8.7.4.1.1typehousing
a)Thehousingmustbemadeforwallmounting;
b)Thehousingmusthaveanabilitytoinstall4(four)ofpatchpanels12STsinglemodeadaptersperpanel,and
thenplatesmeltingto48opticalfibers;
c)Theholesofinputandoutputcablewillbeatthebottomofthehousing;
d)Thecableglandsmustbeprovidedwithmaterialthatdoesnotallowtheentryofmoistureanddust;
e)Thefrontpanel(dooroftheBJ)mustbeprovidedwithasecuritysystemensuringthehermeticsealingoftheBJ;
f)TheBJmustbefittedwithapadlockeye.
8.7.4.1.2Equipmentandfittings
Equipmentandfittingsprimarilyinclude,butarenotlimitedto:
a)InstallationKitWallofBJ;
b)meltingplatenholder;
c)platinummelting;
d)patchpanelwithSTsinglemode;
e)''''Pigtails(primercord)withSTconnectorsinglemodeUPCceramic.
8.7.4.2InstallationofoutdoorBJ
Theminimumtechnicalrequirementsforthesupply,installation,andconnectiontoajunctionbox(BJ)ofoptical
fiberforoutdoorinstallation.
Thesupplierisresponsibletocomplywiththerequirementsofthisspecification.
approvalbytheownerorhisrepresentative.
TheBJmustbemetalanddesignedto:
a)complywiththeIP67;
b)beinstalledoutdoorsinatropicalenvironmentwithrigoroussaltsprayfromoceanwinds;
c)resistancetoshockinaccordancewiththestandardsofindustrialplants;
d)weatherresistantnaturalrelativehumidity(98%)andtemperature(up40C).
8.7.4.2.1typehousing
a)Thehousingmustbemadeformountingonapolehighvoltageline;
b)Thehousingmusthaveanabilitytoinstalltwo(2)ofpatchpanels12STsinglemodeadaptersperpanel,and
thenplatesmeltingto24opticalfibers;
c)Theholesofinputandoutputcablewillbeatthebottomofthehousing;
d)Thecableglandsmustbeprovidedwithmaterialthatdoesnotallowtheentryofmoistureanddust;
e)Thefrontpanel(dooroftheBJ)mustbeprovidedwithasecuritysystemensuringthehermeticsealingoftheBJ;
f)TheBJmustbefittedwithapadlockeye.
8.7.4.3Equipmentandfittings
Equipmentandfittingsprimarilyinclude,butarenotlimitedto:
a)InstallationKitWallofBJ;
b)meltingplatenholder;
c)platinummelting;
d)patchpanelwithSTsinglemode;
e)''''Pigtails(primercord)withSTconnectorsinglemodeUPCceramic.
8.8Termsofdelivery
TheContractorwillensuretheproperhandlingofequipment.Itshouldhaveadequatemeanstotransportor
handlingofcontractingcompaniesspecializedinthisarea.Loadingandunloadingofreelsofcablesand
accessoriesmustbeaccordingtorulesofart.Thecabledrumsshouldnotberolledonthegroundtoavoidsharp
edgesorhardbodyfromdamagingthecables.Duringtransportorstorageitisimperativeto:
Alwayskeepthedrumupright,restingonthetreadonbothcheeks.Undernocircumstancesshouldtheybe
placedflatonthecheek;
Donotdropabruptlytotheground;
Ensurethattheslingsdonotsupportthemoat.
Toavoidanyriskofsevereimpactordamageintransit(tearinganddamagetothemoat),thematerialshallbe
attachedfirmlyontheplatformoftransportthatwillbesuitableforsuchtransport.Itisstronglyrecommendedto
thetendereranditsforwardingtotakeeveryprecautionpossibletolandtransport.Theadditionalcalibrationof
reelsbypebbles,stonesorotherinappropriatemeansisunacceptable.
8.9Marking
Thefollowinginformationmustbeclearlymarkedinindeliblepaintoneachsideofthereeldriver,inFrenchand
English:
ModelnameandOPGW;
CaliberofOPGW;
Netweightinkg;
Grossweightinkg;
Reelno;
Yearofmanufacture;
Purchaseordernumber;
Nameandaddressofthepurchaser;
Destinationdepot/yard.
Inaddition,eachendofOPGWonadrummusthavealabelindicatingnoncorrosive,inFrenchandEnglish,the
firstfiveitemslistedabove.
8.10Packaging
reachesitsdestination.
8.10.1Reels
TheOPGWistobedeliveredinstandardlengthsonwoodenreelsorsteelsingleuse.Thereelmustbedesigned
foroperationswithnormaltensionpeeling.
ThedrumsoftheOPGWcabledrumsshallbepackagedwithaprotectivecoatingresistanttomoisture.The
interiorsidesofthereelsmustbecoveredfiberpanelssolidmoistureresistant.
ThetwoouterlayersoftheOPGWtobesuperimposedandtheouterlayermustbecoveredwithpapermildew
resistant.Aprotectiveenvelopeofasinglelayerofwoodfiberpanelmildewresistant,securedwithsteelbands,
everythingmustbepacked.
Thedrumsshouldbeclosedwithwoodenslats,allsecuredwithtwosteelbands.Thesteelstripsmustbeattached
8.10.2HardwareandAccessories
Hardwareandaccessoriesshouldbepackedinstrongwoodenboxessuitableforboththemaritimeandland
transport,andmustbeclearlyidentifiedwiththefollowinginformation:
Description;
Numberofrooms;
Netandgrossweight
Contractnumber;
Nameofproject;
Destination.
8.10.2.1Accessories
Theplansandspecificationsdonotnecessarilycontainacompleteanddetaileddescriptionofalltheaccessories
neededtoperformthework.Therefore,alltheaccessoriesrequiredtoperformacompleteworkthatmeetsthe
requirementsoftheplansandspecificationsshallbesuppliedandinstalledaccordingtotherulesofart.
8.10.2.2Equivalency
Modelsoftheequipmentspecifiedareforguidanceonlyandreflecttheequipmentspecificationsmeettheneeds.
Anyequipmentthatthebidderwishestopresentasequivalentmustbeapprovedpriortoinstallationofthe
equipment.
Notwithstandingthementionedmodels,thesponsormustensuretheinteroperabilityofallequipmentwitheach
otherandwithexistingandplannedfacilities.
Followingtheapprovalofequivalence,thenecessaryamendmentsshouldbemadetothedrawingsandlistedto
reflectthesechanges.
8.11Deliverables
SheetsofguaranteedspecificationsattachedtothisspecificationforeachtypeofOPGWproposed;
Thequalityassuranceprogramofthemanufacturerand/ormanualwithalistofinternationalstandards/
Ashortdescriptionofmanufacturingprocessesandequipmentusedintheproductionof
OPGW;
Acompletelistofroutinetestsperformedduringandaftermanufactureanddescriptionoftestequipmentused;
Acompletelistofallthetypetestsperformed,andallrelevantdataconfirmingtheresults;
DetaileddrawingsofeachtypeofdrumthatisusedforpackagingofOPGW
includinghardwarecomponentandmethodofmanufacture;
AlistofexistingtransmissionlinesequippedwithOPGWandproposeddatesofcommissioningoftheselines.
Detailsofthemanufacture,testinganddeliveryschedulesandproposalsfortransport/delivery;
CertificatescoveringtherawmaterialsusedinthemanufactureofOPGW;
CertificatescoveringtheroutinetestsperformedonthecomponentspriortomanufactureofOPGW;
CertificatescoveringthetestingoftheOPGW,priortoshipment;
Curvesstress/strainforalltypesofOPGWtobeprovided;
Curvegivingthecoefficientofelasticityat0C,75Cand105C;
Coefficientoflinearexpansion;
Bygivingalistreel,reelnumber,thecaliberofOPGW,theexactlength,netweight,grossweight,thenumberof
jointsmadeduringthestrandingandtheirdistancesfromtheends;
TemperaturecurvesoftheshortcircuitOPGWversustime.
9INSULATORSANDEQUIPMENTFORDRIVERANDCABLEGUARD330KV
9.1General
Thisspecificationcoverstherequirementsfordetaileddesign,manufacturing,testing,deliveryandinstallationof
insulatorsandhardwareassembliesforusewiththedriverandguardcablesteelcoatedwithaluminum.Insulators
andhardwareassembliesmustbeprovidedinaccordancewiththedetailsshownonthedrawingsandthe
requirementsdescribedbelowinthisdocument.ThematerialfortheOPGWiscoveredinclause7.
Thefollowingitemsarecoveredinthisspecification.
Conductiveinsulatorsforsuspension,anchorandchainshoulderstrap;
Hardwaretoattachtheinsulatorstotowersandtoattachthewirestoinsulators;
Hardwaretoattachthegroundwirealuminumcoatedsteelforpylons.
9.2Standards
Allequipmentandmaterials,aswellasfactorytestsshallconformtolateststandardsnamely:
ASTMA153 ZincCoating(HotDip)onironandsteelhardware
IEC60060 testtechniquestohighvoltage
IEC60120 Dimensionsofballandsocketcouplingsofstring
insulator
IEC60305 Characteristicsofinsulatorunitsofcapandpintype
IEC60372 Lockingdevicesforballjointsandsocketcouplingsof
stringinsulatorunitsDimensionsandtests
IEC60383 Insulatorsforoverheadlinesofnominalvoltageabove
1000VIEC60437Radiointerferencetestonhighvoltage
insulators
IEC60507 Artificialpollutiontestsonhighvoltageinsulatorsforac
systems
IEC60575 Endurancetestendurancetestandthermomechanical
couplingsofstringinsulator
IEC60797 Residualstrengthofstringinsulatorunitsofglassor
ceramicmaterialforoverheadlinesaftermechanical
damageofthedielectric
9.3Insulators
TheisolatormustbeaballmadeofhighqualityporcelainortoughenedglassandcomplywithIECpublications
mentionedaboveorotherequivalentnationalstandard.Theexternalshapeoftheinsulatorsshouldbedesigned
foruseinareassubjecttopollutionofallkinds.
DisksisolatorsshallbeprovidedwithlockingdevicestosplintaccordingtoIEC60372.Theymustbeofphosphor
bronzeorotherapprovedequipment.Theirdesignmustallowthequickandthereplacementofinsulatorsor
fittingsinanonlinetransaction.
Therodsorpinsinsulatorsmustbeofforgedsteel,withoutcracksorairpocket.Eachinsulatorcomprisesaring
corrosioncastingdirectlyontherodoftheinsulatoratthetimeofitsmanufacture.Thematerialmustbe
corrosionringzincwithapurityhigherthan99.7%.
InsulatorsshallcomplywiththerequirementsshowninTable91.
Table91:Typesofinsulators
Type of insulators U120BP U120BLP
Nominal diameter of the insulator 280 mm 330 mm
nominalspacing
146 mm 146 mm
Minimumnominalcreepage
440 mm 550 mm
Dimensionofstandardcoupling
16A CEI 60120 16A CEI 60120
Internalheightoftheballhousing
16A CEI 60120 16A CEI 60120
Openingofthedimensionofthepin
16A CEI 60372 16A CEI 60372
Dimensionofthepin
16A CEI 60372 16A CEI 60372
Withstandvoltageshockwaves
CEI 60383 CEI 60383
positive
125 kV 125 kV
negative
125 kV 125 kV
Withstandvoltageatindustrialfrequency
CEI 60383 CEI 60383
dry
85 kV eff 85 kV eff
inrain
50 kV eff 50 kV eff
Min.(perforationinoil)
130 kV eff 130 kV eff
Max.RIVat1MHz
50 V 50 V
resistanceelectromechanical
120 kN 120 kN
mechanicalstrength
120 kN 120 kN

9.4Detailsofinsulatorstrings
Toensuresatisfactoryoperationundernormalconditions,pollutionorfogandgiventheexperienceintheregion,
thenumberandtypeofinsulatorsrecommendedisasfollows:

Chainsuspension Lineingeneral (AreasofHighPollution)
Typeofunits
Numberofunitsperchain
Creepagedistance(mm/kV)
Creepagetotal(mm)
Anchorchain
Typeofunits
Numberofunitsperchain
Creepagedistance(mm/kV)
Creepagetotal(mm)
U120BP
20
26.7
8800
U120BP
21
28.0
9240
U120BLP
20
33.3
11000
U120BLP
21
35
11550

Inthecaseofsuspensiontowersalignedtoasinglechip,allphaseswillbesupportedbyexternal
insulatorstringsin"I".Ingeneral,thestrings"I"willbesimplestrings.Doublechainsofinsulators"I"
willbeusedforcrossingpowerlines,railways,mainroadswithasphaltwearingcourseandverylong
ranges.
Thetowerswillbeequippedwithanchorchainsdoubleinsulators.Allchannelswillanchoran
additionalinsulator,givingthemagreaterelectricalresistanceandwillreducethelikelihoodof
indirectflashoversresultingfromalightningstrikeonthepylonsanchor.
9.5Pipeinsulatorstringsandcableguard
Thegeneralrequirementsforsuspensioninsulatorstringsandanchorareindicatedonthedrawings.
Fittingsshallwithstandwithoutdamageordeformalldynamicconstraints,staticelectricand
anticipated.
AssemblagesballandsocketmustbeinaccordancewithIECpublication60120.Lockingdevices
mustconformtoIECPublication603721.
Allstringsofsuspensioninsulatorsandanchoring,includinginsulatorstringstoslip,shouldbe
protectedwithhornprotectionorprotectionracketsgalvanizedsteel,placedadriver'ssideandthe
otherthegroundsidetopreventthecascadeconnectionabovetheinsulatorsinthecaseofarcing.
Thesizeandshapeofthesesparkgapsorringsshouldbedesignedto:
Ensurethatthearcsareinitiatedbetweentheirends;
Reducethevoltageappliedtolightningshockoninsulatorstrings.
TheContractorshallprovideevidence,usingappropriatetests,thatthebestcompromisebetween
thetwoaboveconditionswasperformed.
Whenasingleboltisusedtoattachdevicesarc,adequateprecautionsmustbetakentoprevent
rotationorimproperinstallation.
Thesuspensionclampsarethetypeslipper.Theywillbeequippedwithahingeatthedriverallowsa
maximumfreedomofswing.Theywillbeconstructedofaluminumalloyatleastasregardstheparts
incontactwiththedriverandprovidedforcablewitharmorrods.
Theshapeofthegrooveofthebodyoftheclampwillbeslightlyflaredinitsupperpart.Thegrooves
ofthebodyandbonnetshallbebellshapedateachend,andallpartsincontactwiththedriverwill
besmoothandwithoutroughspots.
Allclipswillbedesignedtoavoidanypossibilityofdeformationoftheconductorandsonof
separationthatmakeupthedriver.
Thesuspensionclampstosecuretheconductorsandshieldwiresshouldbeusedwithappropriate
protectivelinerspreformedcablesandsuspensionclamps.
Themostremotefromtheclampingpressureshouldnotbelessthantwicethediameterofthe
conductor.
Thelengthoftheclampfromonesidetotheotheroneshouldnotbelessthaneighttimesthe
diameteroftheconductor.
Thedrivermustbemechanicallyclampedinanapprovedmanner.Theresistanceagainstslidingof
theclampmustbegreaterthan25kNbutlessthantheresistancetofractureundertensilestressof
theconductororconductor.Thustheshiftto25kNandover(noupperlimit)voltageshiftmustbe
guaranteed.
Forstringsvoltageinsulator,arudderassemblysuitabletobeprovidedsoastoensurethatthe
tensionoftheconductorsisdividedequallybetweentheparallelchains.Extensionpartsmustbe
connectedtotheendofthepylonofeachsidechainofthestructure,whennecessary,soasto
ensurethattherudderpedalsinsulatorchainsmustultimatelybeatrightanglesrelativetothe
driver.
Allconnectionsoftensionandsuspension,otherthanthejunctionsleevesandanchors,musthavea
minimumtensilemechanicalequalto110%oftheinsulatorstotakeaccountofnormalwearand
tearoverthelifeoftheline.
9.6Detailedrequirementsforassembliesofequipment
Alljointsshallbedesignedandmanufacturedtomeetthefollowingrequirements:
Assemblingequipmentmustincludeallclamps,spreaderbars,shackles,links,rods,bolts,nutsand
lockingdevicestoattachthewirestoinsulators,insulatorsforhangingtiestothepylonandto
supportandattachthegroundwirethemasts;
Allassemblyfittingsshouldbeeasytoinstallandallfittingsmustbesuitableforlinemaintenance
(off);
Allplatesmusthaveasmoothchamferradiusofalltheappropriateholestopreventacondition
clampingundernormaloperationleadingtoabreakduetofatigueofthematerialbase;
Allsuspensionclampstosecuretheconductorsandshieldwiresshouldbefreetomoveinall
directionsfromtheverticalplane;
Alltypesofaccessoriesofassemblyshouldbetestedforfitandmechanicalandelectricalintegrity.
Copiesofelectricaltestingmustalsobesubmittedwiththebid.
9.6.1Connectionsofconductors
Allcomponentsattachingtheconductorstoinsulatorsshallbesuitableandcompatiblewith
standardballandinsulatorsinaccordancewiththespecifiedmechanicalandelectricalvalues.
9.6.2Assembliesoftheshieldwire
Allmaterialforsuspensionassembliesforguardcablemustbeadjustedtoensurethatthe
mechanicalstrengthoftheassemblyissuitableforapplicationasshowninthedrawings.
Allequipmentforthecableanchorassembliesguardmustsupport95%oftheratedbreaking
strengthofthecableguard.
9.7Materialsofconstructionforthehardware
Allcomponentsforassemblingthehardwaremustbemalleableiron,steel,galvanizedsteelor
aluminumoranycombinationofthesematerialswhicharerecommendedtomeetthemechanical
andelectricalperformancerequiredbythisspecification.Allmetalmustbefreeofburrs,sharp
edges,bump,andshouldbesmoothsothattheinterconnectingpartsareconnectedproperlyand
thatthepartiescanbemountedanddismountedquickly.Allferrousmetalsshallbegalvanizedhot
dippedinaccordancewithASTMAI53.Allpartsthreadedsteelnutsandboltsconsmustbe
galvanizedafterthreading.Itispermissibletotapagainagainstnutsandlocknutsaftergalvanizing,
providedthattheprotectivezincortappingoilremainsonthefulllengthofthenets.Allnutsand
consnutsshouldbescrewedontothethreadedboltsofanylengthwithoutusingawrench.All
cotterpinsmustbemanufacturedofstainlesssteel.
9.8Testing
9.8.1Insulators
Inadditiontostandardtestsprovidedwiththebid,theinsulatorsshouldbetopicsduring
manufacture,allroutinetestsandsamplingdescribedinclause8ofIEC60383.1.Thetestprocedures
andthesamplesmustalsocomplywithIEC60383.1.Whenabatchofinsulatorswithaspecial
identificationmarkhasbeenrejected,noisolatorthislotshouldbetestedandtheContractormust
demonstratetotheengineeroftheprojectownerthatadequatemeasureshavebeentakentoset
asidethelotrejectedinsulators.
9.8.2Channelsofinsulators
ThesuspensionassembliesandanchorforthedrivershouldbesubjecttoelectricaltestsgiveninIEC
60383.2andIEC61284asappropriate.
9.8.3Routinetestsofequipment
Classificationoftests
Insubsequentarticles,therequirementsofdifferenttypesofconnectionsaredescribed.Thetests
aredividedintothreegroups:
Typetests:Thesetestsareintendedtoestablishdesignfeatures.Theyarenormallymadeonlyonce
andrepeatedonlywhenthedesignormanufacturingequipmentischanged;
Testsample:Thesampletestsareintendedtoverifythequalityofmaterialsinmanufacturing.They
aremadeofpartsrandomlysampledlotssubmittedforapproval;
Routinetests:Theroutinetestsaredesignedtoremovedefectiveparts.Theyareappliedtoeachlot
forwhichthetestsareapplicable.
Generalrequirementsfortesting
Testtypes:Unlessotherwiseapproved,certificatesgivingtheresultsoftestsappropriatetypes,
runningonatleastthreeidenticalbatchesincludingallessentialdetailsmustbesubmittedwiththe
bid;
Testsample:ThenumberofsamplesforthesetestsshallbeselectedinaccordancewithTable92;
Table92:Testingsampling
Number in batch Number of samples
! 100

100-300

300-1200
1200-3000
300010000
"10000
1

5

1
0
1
4
2
0
Un chantillon de plus par chaque 1000
lots
Samplesmustberandomlyselectedbatches.Theengineeroftheprojectownerhastherightto
makeaselection;
Ifthesamplesmeetthetestrequirements,thelotisconsideredtoconformtotherequirementsof
thestandard.Incaseswhereatrialwouldnotgivesatisfactoryresults,itwillagaindoublethe
numberofparts.Ifoneormoreofthesenewtestswerenotsatisfactory,thebatchofpartsin
questionmayberefused;
Routinetests:
Whenroutinetestsarespecified,theymustbeappliedtoanylot.
Verificationofdimensions
Itmustbeverifiedthatthetestsamplesmeettherequirementsofthisspecificationorthatthey
complywiththeapproveddrawings,particularlythedimensionsforwhichtolerancesarespecial
rulesanddetailsaffectinginterchangeability(ied.dimensionsforwhichthegaugesarespecified);
Itmustbeverifiedthatthetestsamplesmeettherequirementsofthisspecificationortheycomply
withtheapproveddrawings,particularlythedimensionsforwhichspecifictolerancesapply;
Unlessotherwiseapproved,thefollowingtolerancesarepermittedforalldimensionsexceptfor
specialcases:
Dimension(mm) Tolerance
!35 +1.0mm
"35 +2.5%
Testmethod
Testtypes:
Theconnectionmustbemaintainedinatensiletestmachine.Thetensileforceisfirstincreasedto
75%ofthebreakingloadguarantee,thiseffortwillbeincreasedtoguaranteetheload.Thebreak
doesnotoccurwithaloadlessthanthebreakingloadguarantee.
Testsample:
Verificationofdimensions:thedimensionsofthesamplesmustbechecked;
Mechanicaltest:thetestmustbethesameasthetesttype;
Testingofgalvanizing:ThegalvanizedpartsmustbetestedaccordingtoASTMA153.
Routinetests:
Mechanicaltestroutine:Thistestshouldonlybeappliedoncastingsandfittingsthatare
manufacturedbyweldingwheretheweldisoppositetotheforceappliedwhenthejointisinuse.A
tensileloadequalto50%ofthenominalbreakingloadmustbeappliedtofittingsandmaintained
for30seconds.Theconnectionmustnotbedamagedbythetest.
9.9Marking
9.9.1Insulators
Eachisolatorshouldhaveadurableandlegiblemarkingidentifyingthemanufacturer,yearof
manufactureandthemechanicalforceandelectriccombinedassigned.
9.9.2Hardware
Eachpartyhardwaremustbepermanentlymarkedbymoldingorstampingtoindicatethe
manufacturer'snameandcatalognumber.
9.10Packaging
Allinsulatorsorhardwaremustbepackedinstrongwoodenboxessuitableforboththemaritime
andlandtransport,andbeclearlyidentifiedwiththefollowinginformation:
Description;
Numberofrooms;
Netweightandgrossweight;
Contractnumber;
Nameofproject;
Destination.
9.11Deliverables
Sheetsofguaranteedspecifications;
Adetailedprogramoftestingtobecarriedoutduringmanufacture;
Typetestcertificatesofinsulators;
Detaileddrawingsofinsulatorswithallmechanicalandelectricalcharacteristics,material
description,unitweight,etc..;
Drawingsofeachtypeofchainincludingallfittings;
Drawingsofeachpieceofequipmentwithindicationsofnetweight,materialsusedandmechanical
failureloads(ifapplicable);
Descriptionsofthelockingdevicestopreventlooseningofbolts.
Therequireddeliverablesfollowingtheawardofthecontractarefour(4)copiesof:
Reportsofalltestsduringmanufacture,includingcertificatesorlaboratoryanalyticalreportsgiving
fulldetailsanddemonstratinganycomplianceperformancemechanical,thermal,electromechanical
andelectricalinsulatorsanddetaileddrawingsofallthemanufacturer;
Reportsofalltestsduringmanufactureand,ifappropriate,specialtestsoffittingsandaccessories
linedriverwhentestedaspartofaglobalassembly(ie,d.Completeinsulatorstring);
Finaldrawingsofinsulators,allaccessoriesandlinedrivers,specialtoolsandequipmentsuppliedas
individualcomponentsandcompleteassembliesappropriate;
Finaldrawingsofinsulators,allaccessoriesandlinedrivers,specialtoolsandequipmentsuppliedas
individualcomponentsandcompleteassembliesappropriate.
10ACCESSORIESLINE330KV
10.1General
Thisspecificationcoversthedetailedrequirementsforthedesign,manufacture,testinganddelivery
ofdriveraccessoriesandguardcablesteelcoatedwithaluminum.
Compressionsleevesanchor;
Junctionsleeves;
Repairsleevesconductor;
Protectivelinings;
Shockabsorbers;
Spacerdampers;
Strutbraces;
Sphericalairwarningbeacons.
ThedetailedrequirementsforOPGWaccessoriesareincludedinthesectionofOPGW.
10.2Standards
Allequipmentandmaterials,aswellasmanufacturingtest,mustcomplywiththefollowing
standards:
ASTMA153 SpecificationforZincCoatingonIronandSteelHardware
BS3288(Parts14) Insulatorsandfittingsforoverheadpowerlines
BS4579 Performanceofcompressionjointsinelectriccableandwire
connectors
(Aluminumconductors)
IEC61284 OverheadlinesRequirementsandtestsforhardwareequipment
IEC61854 OverheadlinesRequirementsandtestsforspacers
IEC61897 OverheadlinesRequirementsandtestsforStockbridgevibration
damperswind
10.3MaterialsandManufacturing
Accessoriesandconductorshieldwiremustbemadeofqualitymaterialstomeetthemechanical
andelectricalperformancerequiredbythisspecification.Allferrousmetalsshallbehotdip
galvanizedinaccordancewithASTMAI53.Allpartiesthreadedsteelnutsandboltscons,shouldbe
galvanizedafterthreading.Itispermissibletotapagainagainstnutsandlocknutsaftergalvanizing,
providedthattheprotectivezincortappingoilremainsonthefulllengthofthenets.Allnutsand
consnutsshouldbescrewedontothethreadedboltsofanylengthwithoutusingawrench.All
cotterpinsmustbemanufacturedofstainlesssteel.
10.4Junctionsleeves,sleevesanchors,thimbleend,shellpass
Theanchorsleevesandjunctiontypewill"compress".Theymustmaintainthecable95%ofthe
nominalloadofconductorbreakage.
Thedesignofthesleevesandanchorjunctionandthetoolsfortheirassemblywillminimizethe
likelihoodofanassemblyandimproperinstallation.Thedesignofthetoolassemblymustbe
approvedand,afterapproval,anymodificationofmountingmethodsortoolscannotbemade
withoutthewrittenpermissionoftheEngineertotheOwner.Allhubsandanchoringjunctionwill
compriseaminimumofpartsandnutsapparentwillbelocked.
Therewillbenorelativemovementbetweenthedifferentlayersoftheconductormayalterits
behavior.
Theanchorsleevesaredesignedtonotloosenduetovibrationorother.
Theconductorsareconnectedendtoendbytwoconcentricsleeves.Diversionswillbeimplemented
throughshellbypassplacedonthemaincableandacableconnectorlocatedonthebranchcable.
Thethimbleshallbeguaranteedresistancetoslidingasmuchas25%oftheguaranteedresistanceof
theconductor.
Jointsandclampstobecompressiontypemadeaccordingtothemanufacturer'sinstructionsandto
ensure,firstly,guaranteetheelectricalconductivityand,secondly,amechanicalstrengthoftension
membersatleast95%ofthetheoreticalbreakageofcablestowhichtheyareinstalled.Thedesignof
theseparts(anchorclamps,anchorsleevesandjunction)mustbemadeforasinglepairofdiesis
requiredforeachclassofdriver.
Thetemperatureriseinthesleevesandanchorjunctionclamp,terminalendandallsimilar
components,mustnotbegreaterthanthetemperatureriseintheconductorwhencurrentflows
throughtheroomscorrectlyassembled.
10.5liningsprotection(Armorrods)
Inordertostrengthenthephaseconductorandtheshieldwiresateachsuspensionclamp,agasket
twistedsonofthesamealloyasusedintheconductorisinsertedbetweentheconductorandthe
suspensionclamp.
Thisseal(orarmorrods)willbepreformedtype,allowinginstallationwithoutspecialtools.
10.6Vibration
Inordertolimitaeolianvibrationofcablesathighfrequencies,butlowamplitudescausedbywind
speedsof0.5to10meters/second,thetypeshockabsorbers"Stockbridge"willbeinstalledonall
phaseconductorsandshieldwireoneachsideofsuspensionchains.
Thenumberandcharacteristicsofthedamperstobeinstalledandtheirlocationsonthecableswill
becalculatedbasedonthetypeofterrain,thetensioninthecableandthecharacteristicsofthe
scope.Fixingthemwillbedesignedtopreventslippageoncableswithoutleadingtoastrainorinjury
ofthelatter.Ingeneral,theyshouldnotallowabendingforcetoclampthedrivermorethan150#
m/m.
10.7SpacerDampers
TheContractorshallproviderigidspacerdampersforuseondualACSRconductorTERN.
Thespacerfordoubleconductormustbedesignedtowithstandashortcircuitvalueofhavingan
asymmetrictipof78.75KAwithoutpermanentdeformation.Membersmustbedesignedtokeep
theconductorsseparatedwhenthewindblowsatspeedsupto36m/sec.Thedesignshouldallow
thetwistingmotionbetweentheconductors(longitudinallyandvertically),whichmayoccurduring
operation,withoutdamagingtheconductors.
Thespacershouldnotberigid,itmustberigidandmusthaveabody.Theclampsbracesmusthave
aminimumlengthof50mmandmustbesuppliedwithneoprenebody.
Membersmustresistlongitudinalmovementbetweenitspincersatleast40mmofpermanent
deformationwiththeuseofneopreneorthemechanicalsealofthebodyrigid.Membersmustresist
longitudinalmovementbetweenitspincersatleast10610mm(onemillion)cycleswithoutfatigue
failure.
Membersmustresistrotationoftheclampinaplaneperpendiculartowhichthatcontainsthetwo
conductorsandtheconductoraxisof25degreeswithoutpermanentdeformation,thespacers
mustimmediatelyreturntothefirstpositionforthemselveswhentherotationconditiondisappears.
Membersmustresistrotationoftheclampinaplaneperpendicularwhichcontainsboththedriver
anddualparalleltotheaxisof10degreesto106fatiguecycleswithoutfailure.
Membersmustresistdynamicforcesproducedbytheshortcircuit,thespacersthatallowdriversto
touchoneanotherinamaximumshortcircuitwiththeconditionthatthedriverswillreturntoits
originalpositionkeepingtheirspacingof400mm.Thepilotarrangementinduplicatedrivermust
haveanasymmetricmaximumvalueofatleast78.75kA,thevaluesimilarsymmetricalwiththe
peakvalue(31.5kA)anddurationof0.2sec.
TheabovefeaturesmustbesubstantiatedbyatypetestandbecertifiedbytheClient.Subjecttests
certifiedandinternationallyrecognized,theEmployermaysuspendthisrequirement.
BiddersshouldnotethatthequantitiesofspacersinthePriceScheduleareestimatesforbidding
only.Actualquantitiesrequiredwillbebasedonspecificcharacteristicsoftheentrepreneurofthe
spacerandthemanufacturer'srecommendationsandapprovedspacerclosetotheconsultationand
approvaloftheEmployer.
10.8strapsbraces
Thespacerstrapsshouldbeadjustedtomaintain400mmbetweensubconductors.Theymustbe
sufficientlyrigidtomaintainandensuregoodelectricalcontinuitybetweensubconductors.The
suspendersbracesshouldbedesignedtoalloweffortsontorsionalandaxialmovementbetween
subconductorswithoutdamagingthem.
Thesuspendersbracesshouldbedesignedtowithstandaweightupto500Ntoreducethesway
braces.
Theclampingdevicemustnotdamagethedriverwhentighteningoratanytimeduringtheservice
lifeofthespacerdamper.
Thespacerstrapsmustbeinstalledandremovedalinepoweredwiththehelpofappropriatetool.
10.9Tagsairwarning
Ofwarningbeaconsdiurnalmustbeinstalledonoverheadgroundwiresofoverheadlinesinareas
deemedhazardoustoairnavigation:crossingriversorstreams,crossedbydeepvalleys,approaching
airportsandairfields.
Overheadwarningbeaconsshallcomplywiththerequirementsofcivilaviationauthorities,military
andcivildefenseofthecountryandrecommendationsofInternationalCivilAviation(ICAO),Federal
AviationAdministration(FAA)andCivilAviationAuthority(CAA).
Thewarningbeaconsshouldbecomposedoftwohemispheresboltedsmoothandfitintoeach
otherwithoutsharpedges.
Tagsmustbecapableofsupportingaweightof100kgwithoutcrackingorwarping,beaslightas
possiblewithadiameternotlessthan600mm.
Theattachmentsofsphericalmarkersmustbepreformedmetalrods,specificallydesignedforthe
size,model,andthediameteroftheconductor.
ThewarningbeaconsshouldbemadeofreinforcedpolyesterorfiberglasswithaUVstabilizer,ora
syntheticmaterialapprovedbytheClient.Thismaterialshouldnotdevelopcrackscausedby
exposuretosunlightandshouldnotbreakwhenstruckbyashotduringhislifetime.
Thewarningbeaconsshouldbecoloredredandwhiteinaccordancewithinternational
recommendations,aswellastheConventiononInternationalCivilAviation,equipmentmustbe
sustainableandmustmaintainitsoriginalcolorduringtheirlifetime.
Theymusthavedrainageholesinthebottomhalftopreventwateraccumulationinthetag.
Bolts,nutsandwashersshallbemanufacturedofstainlesssteeltopreventcorrosionandfora
longerlife.Thenutsofclipsofthetagmustbedesignedsoasnottoloosenduetovibrationor
other.
Topreventdamagetothestrandsofthecableguardbecauseofvibrations,eachtagmustbe
equippedwithatleastonevibrationdampertypeStockbridge.Themanufacturerofwarning
beacons/dampermanufacturershalldeterminethelocationoftagsthroughastudyofvibration
analysis.
Thehangerclipsofwarningbeaconsshouldbedesignedtopreventsliding,rotation,oscillationand
wear.Theyshouldnotcauseelectrolysisorharmonicvibrationonthecableguard.Wingsmustbe
designedsotheydonotcreateturbulence.
Thepositionofthetagsmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:
Thetagsonthetwoshieldwiresofalllittersshouldbespreadforadistancebetweentwotagsof
lessthan30m;
Thefirstandlasttransmitterinallmustbebroughttoapproximately10mdefiningthescopeofthe
pylon.
10.10Marking
Eachcomponentpartofequipmentwillcarryareferencenumbercorrespondingtothecatalog
numberordetailedplanoftheroomnumberwillbeembossedorcasthitinthemateriallegibleand
indelible.Thisnumberwillalsobeincludedonallequipmentplans.Thenumberofmatricestobe
usedwillbemarkedonthegasketsandcompressionclips.
10.11Packing
Alllineaccessoriesshallbepackedinstrongwoodenboxessuitableforboththemaritimeandland
transport,andbeclearlyidentifiedwiththefollowinginformation:
Description;
Numberofrooms;
Contractnumber;
Nameofproject;
Destination.
10.12Deliverables
Sheetsofguaranteedspecifications,appendedtothisspecificationforeachtypeofproposed
accessoryline;
Thequalityassuranceprogramofthemanufacturerand/ormanualwithalistofinternational
standards/nationalspecificationscoveringrawmaterials,components,processes,tolerances,test
procedures,etc..,Andalistoftestsnormallycarriedoutonrawmaterialsanddescriptionoftest
equipmentused;
Ashortdescriptionofmanufacturingprocessesandequipmentusedintheproductionof
accessories;
Acompletelistofroutinetestsperformedandsamplesduringandaftermanufacture,anda
descriptionoftestequipmentused;
Acompletelistofallthetypetestsperformedandallrelevantdataconfirmingtheresults;
Detaileddrawingsofeachcredittobeusedforpackingearthwiresincludinghardwarecomponent
andmethodofmanufacture;
Alistofexistingtransmissionlinesequippedwithaccessoriesandproposeddatesofcommissioning
oftheselines.
Deliverablesrequiredaftercontractawardarefourcopies(4)ofeachofthefollowing:
Detailsofthemanufacture,testing,deliveryschedulesandproposalsfortransport/delivery;
Certificatescoveringtherawmaterialsused;
Certificatescoveringtheroutinetestsperformed;
Certificatescoveringthetypetests,sampleandroutineonfittings;
Areproduciblesetofdrawingsshowingallaccessories;
Maindimensionsandmanufacturingtolerances;
Electricalandmechanicalcharacteristics;
Connectiondimensions;
Materialsandstandards;
Standardsforheattreatmentofsteel;
Standardgalvanizing;
Unitweight;
Andidentificationmarks;
Catalognumberanddrawingnumberofthemanufacturer;
Acompletelistofsubcomponentspurchasedfromothersupplierswithdetailsoftestprocedures
andsamplingmethods.
11GROUNDING330KV
TheContractorshallprovideandinstallequipmentgroundedinaccordancewiththisspecification.
Thegroundingofalltowersmustbemadepermanentandeffective.Furthermore,theresistanceof
groundingrequirementsmustbemetbeforestartingtheworkofunwindingofdrivers.
11.1Standards
Thematerialcoveredinthisspecificationshallconformtothefollowingstandards,unlessotherwise
indicated.
ASTM8193 Testforelectricalresistivityofconductormaterials
ASTMA153 SpecificationforZincCoatingonIronandSteelHardware
ASTMB227 Harddrawncoppercladsteelwire
ASTMB228 Concentriclaystrandedcoppercladsteelconductors
BS18 Methodsfortensiletestingofmetals
BS3289 Determinationofresistivityofmetallicelectricalconductormaterials
80IEEE Guideforsafetyinsubstationgrounding
IEEE81 GuideforMeasuringearthresistivity,groundimpedanceandearthsurface
ofpotentialsofagroundsystem
11.2Materials
Thegroundtobeexecutedisshowninthedrawings.Unlessotherwisedescribedinthisdocument,
allmaterialsmustbeofindustrialqualitystandardsuitablefortheintendeduse.Thematerials
includeinstallinggroundrods,thesonofgroundingandattachmentfittings,asshowninthe
drawings.
11.2.1PiquetGrounding
Thestakesofcoppercladsteelforgroundinglines330kVshallbeconstructedofhighstrengthsteel.
Thepureelectrolyticcopperisuniformlyimpregnatethecoreatthemolecularleveltoensure
corrosionresistanceandeliminateelectrolyticaction.Thesteelcorehassufficientrigiditysothatwe
canpushthestakewithahammerormechanically.
Theuppersurfaceofthestakesmustbeflattoprovideabearingsurfacefordriving.Theotherend
shouldbethreadedwithabevelededge.
Theminimumsizeofthestakesmustbe:
Nominaldiametershouldbe19mm
Minimumlength3.0m
11.2.2Connectioncableforearthingandgroundingcompensated
Connectingcablestothegroundingandearthingoffsetofsteeltowers,fencesandmetalobjects
mustbecoppercladsteel19No.7AWG,nuance40HS,andmustmeettherequirementsofASTM
B227andASTMB228.
11.2.3Connectors
Alltowersneedtobeelectricallyconnectedtotheearth.Aholeforconnectingthesonofgrounding
willbeprovidedoneachchord.
Allconnectionstogroundrodstobeexothermictypeweldinghighstrength.
Allcableconnectionsshallbeexothermictypeweldinghighstrength.
11.2.4Packaging
Thedriverofcoppercladsteelmustbeplacedonreelsmountedonsturdywoodenslatsif
necessary.
ThefollowinginformationmustbeclearlymarkedinindeliblepaintoneachsideofthereelinFrench
andEnglish:
Manufacturer'sname;
Locationofthemanufacturingplant;
Destination;
Description;
Currentlength;
Grossandnetweight.
Thehardwaremustbepackedinstrongwoodenboxessuitableforboththemaritimeandland
transport,andbeclearlyidentifiedwiththefollowinginformation
Description;
Numberofrooms;
Contractnumber;
Nameofproject;
Destination.
11.3Earthingoftowers
Alltowerswillbegroundedinaccordancewiththedrawings.Theearthingwillbedoneinstagesto
achievetherequiredstrength.Resistancereadingsofthetowerswillbeprovidedtotheengineerto
theOwnerattheendofeachstage.
Step1:Eachtowermustbegroundedintwooppositediagonals.Thestakesgroundingshouldbe
buriedinanuprightpositionontheextensionlineoftheaxisconnectingthelegsofthetowerto
land,ataminimumdistanceof8mfromthebaseofthetower.Thestakesgroundingmustbe
connectedtotheuprightsofthemastbyconnectorsgroundingandsonofgroundingcompounds
madeofsteelcablescoveredwithcopperhavingaminimumconductivityof30%comparedto
copper.Thesizeoftheboltsconnectingtheconnectorsgroundingthroughholesintheframesisin
thetablesguaranteedspecifications.
11.3.1Extensionofthegrounding
Atthebaseofthetower,wherethegroundspecifiedinstep1isinadequate,itmustbeimproved
withtheapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwnerasfollows:
Step2:makethegroundingoftheothertwooppositediagonals,similartothefirsttwo;
Step3and4:Installapicketormoreadditionalandsonofgroundingconnectedbyattachment
fittingsatadistanceof8.0mstakespreviouslyinstalled,asshowninthedrawings;
Ifsteps2,3and4donotdecreasetheresistancetoground,theContractorshallsubmittothe
engineeroftheClientarrangementsasitdeemsbesttolowerthisvalue.
4.11Testingonsite
InthepresenceoftheengineeroftheEmployer,theContractorshallmeasuretheearthresistance
tothelocationofeachtowerusingmeasuringinstrumentsandmethodsapprovedbytheengineer
oftheClient.Whenmeasuringresistance,wewillrecordthedate,andtemperatureresistanceand
soilconditions.
11.4.1ResistivityoftheEarth
Theelectricalresistivitytestshouldbedonealongthetransmissionlineorrightofway.Theseshould
preferablybemadetoanumberofdifferentlocationsspacedtoprovideanindicationofvariations
inresistivitywiththelocationanddepth.
Thenumberofmeasurementsmustbedeterminedonthebasisofthefollowing:
Every10kmalongthecorridorofthetransmissionline;
Atthelocationofattachmentofthetowers;
Whensoilconditionschange.
TheWennerfourelectrodemethodmustbeusedtomeasuresoilresistivity.Thetestsoilresistivity
shouldbedoneaspartofthegeotechnicalinvestigationiscarriedoutforfoundationdesign
information.Iftestsofearthresistivityarenotmade,aresistivityof1000!Mwillbeassumed.
11.4.2ResistancetoEarth
TheresistancevalueofearthingofeachtowerwillbeequaltothatappliedbytheCEBonits
networkoriflessthanorequalto10ohmsforallsoiltypes..
11.4.3Informationfinals
TheContractorshallprovidethefollowinginformation:
Instructionmanualsandbookletsforeachbuildingsiteafterthetowerorothergroundedobject;
Asbuiltdrawingsofequipmentgrounding,soiltypeandvaluesofthemeasuredresistance(register
ofactions).
11.2.3 Connectors

All towers need to be electrically connected to the earth. A hole for connecting the son of
grounding will be provided on each chord.

All connections to ground rods to be exothermic type welding high strength.
All cable connections shall be exothermic type welding high strength.

11.2.4 Packaging

The driver of copper clad steel must be placed on reels mounted on sturdy wooden slats if
necessary.

The following information must be clearly marked in indelible paint on each side of the reel
in French and English:

Manufacturer's name;

Location of the manufacturing plant;

Destination;

Description;

Current length;

Gross and net weight.

The hardware must be packed in strong wooden boxes suitable for both the maritime and land
transport, and be clearly identified with the following information

Description;
Number of rooms;
Net weight and gross weight;
Contract number;
Name of project;
Destination.

11.3 Earthing of towers

All towers will be grounded in accordance with the drawings. The earthing will be done in
stages to achieve the required strength. Resistance readings of the towers will be provided to
the engineer to the Owner at the end of each stage.

Step 1: Each tower must be grounded in two opposite diagonals. The stakes grounding should
be buried in an upright position on the extension line of the axis connecting the legs of the
tower to land, at a minimum distance of 8 m from the base of the tower. The stakes grounding
must be connected to the uprights of the mast by connectors grounding and son of grounding
compounds made of steel cables covered with copper having a minimum conductivity of 30%
compared to copper. The size of the bolts connecting the connectors grounding through holes
in the frames is in the tables guaranteed specifications.
11.3.1Extensionofthegrounding
Atthebaseofthetower,wherethegroundspecifiedinstep1isinadequate,itmustbeimproved
withtheapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwnerasfollows:
Step2:makethegroundingoftheothertwooppositediagonals,similartothefirsttwo;
Step3and4:Installapicketormoreadditionalandsonofgroundingconnectedbyattachment
fittingsatadistanceof8.0mstakespreviouslyinstalled,asshowninthedrawings;
Ifsteps2,3and4donotdecreasetheresistancetoground,theContractorshallsubmittothe
engineeroftheClientarrangementsasitdeemsbesttolowerthisvalue.
4.11Testingonsite
InthepresenceoftheengineeroftheEmployer,theContractorshallmeasuretheearthresistance
tothelocationofeachtowerusingmeasuringinstrumentsandmethodsapprovedbytheengineer
oftheClient.Whenmeasuringresistance,wewillrecordthedate,andtemperatureresistanceand
soilconditions.
11.4.1ResistivityoftheEarth
Theelectricalresistivitytestshouldbedonealongthetransmissionlineorrightofway.Theseshould
preferablybemadetoanumberofdifferentlocationsspacedtoprovideanindicationofvariations
inresistivitywiththelocationanddepth.
Thenumberofmeasurementsmustbedeterminedonthebasisofthefollowing:
Every10kmalongthecorridorofthetransmissionline;
Atthelocationofattachmentofthetowers;
Whensoilconditionschange.
TheWennerfourelectrodemethodmustbeusedtomeasuresoilresistivity.Thetestsoilresistivity
shouldbedoneaspartofthegeotechnicalinvestigationiscarriedoutforfoundationdesign
information.Iftestsofearthresistivityarenotmade,aresistivityof1000!Mwillbeassumed.
11.4.2ResistancetoEarth
TheresistancevalueofearthingofeachtowerwillbeequaltothatappliedbytheCEBonits
networkoriflessthanorequalto10ohmsforallsoiltypes..
11.4.3Informationfinals
TheContractorshallprovidethefollowinginformation:
Instructionmanualsandbookletsforeachbuildingsiteafterthetowerorothergroundedobject;
Asbuiltdrawingsofequipmentgrounding,soiltypeandvaluesofthemeasuredresistance(register
ofactions).
11.5Deliverables
Availablewiththesubmissionmustinclude:
Sheetsofguaranteedspecifications,appendedtothisspecification;
Detaileddrawingsforeachpieceofequipment;
Instrumentandmethodusedtomeasuretheelectricalresistivity.
Deliverablesrequiredaftercontractawardarefour(4)copiesofeach:
Finaldrawingsofeachpieceofequipment;
Detaileddrawingshowingthecompletegroundingofthefoundationofthetower.
12 STEEL LATTICE TOWER 330 KV

12.1 General

This specification covers design, manufacturing details, testing and manufacture of steel
lattice towers.

All towers are addressed in this specification lattice galvanized steel to arms horizontal sheet,
square base. They have four feet fitted with separate sockets set into the massive foundations.

All materials, design, detail, fabrication and testing must comply with the requirements
described herein and in the drawings.

All the design and details shall be submitted to the approval of the Engineer to the Owner.
The engineer of the project owner shall have the right to require the Contractor at no
additional cost, to make the changes necessary to bring the building in accordance with the
Contract Documents.

All materials must be new. Any steel frame with the presence of hole filled should not be
used.

The bolts used for assembly of the elements of the towers and the bolts levels will be rough
ordinary bolts, nuts and head in accordance with the ASTM standard A394 and ASTM A307
respectively.

No ambiguity or omission in the drawings or in this specification, relieve the Contractor of
the responsibility to provide quality materials. When an abnormality is found, all work
completed before these discrepancies are corrected must be borne by the Contractor.

12.2 Standards and Codes

The materials covered in this specification shall conform to the following standards, unless
indicate differently:

AISC Manual of Steel Construction MANUAL, Volume 1, Structural Members,
Specifications and Code

ANSI / ASCE 10-97 Design of Transport Latticed Steel Structures

ASTM A123 Zinc (Hot-dip galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products

ASTM A143 Recommended Practice for Safeguarding Against embrittlement of Hot-dip
Galvanized Structural Steel and Procedure for Detecting embrittlement

ASTM A153 Specifications for Zinc Coated (Hot Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware

ASTM A239 Test Method for Locating Spot in A Zinc Coating on Iron or Steel sections by
the Preece Test

ASTM A307 Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs 60,000 PSI Tensile Strength

ASTM A36 Specification for Structural Steel

ASTM A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
ASTM A385 Practice for Providing high quality zinc coating (hot dip) ASTM A394 Steel
Transmission Tower Bolts, Zinc-Coated and Bare ASTM A563 Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
ASTMA572HighStrengthLowAlloyColumbiumVanadiumStructuralSteel
ASTMA6GeneralrequirementsforRolledStructuralSteelBars,Plates,Shapesand
SheetPiling
A90ASTMTestMethodforWeightofCoatingonZinccoated(galvanized)Ironis
Steelsections
IEC60652Mechanicaltestsonoverheadlinestructures
IEC60826Loadsandresistancesoftransmissionlines
12.3Typeanduseofpylons
Thefamilyoftowersincludesfive(5)standardmediatypes.Table12.1indicatesthedesignation,use
andmaincharacteristicsofeachtypeoftower.Theiruseonaparticularprojectdependsonthe
profileandcourseoftheline.
AnyproposalbytheContractorinordertooptimizetheoverallcostofalinewithoutunderminingits
effectivenesswillbeanalyzedisoptional
PylonalignmenttypeA3equippedwithinsulatorstringsin"I"canbeusedinastraightlineandup
to2deviationsubjecttoreducedwindrange;
LowangletowertypeB3equippedinsulatorstringsin"I"canbeusedforlinedeviationsfrom0to
10;
AngletowerthroughC3equippedwithchainsofinsulatorsinanchor:willbeusedforleadlinefrom
10to30,ascascadingfallpylonandpylonastranspositionofphases;
HighangletowerandanchoringD3equippedwithchainsofinsulatorsinanchor:willbeusedfor
linedeflectionof30to60andlimitswitch(Off)from0to15;
AngletowerstrongandanchortypeE3equippedwithchainsinsulatoranchor:willbeusedforline
deflectionof60and90limit(stop)from15to45.
TheContractorshallinstallanantipyloncascadeevery5km,butmustnotexceed
7km.Thetowermustbedesignedtowithstandtheloadcasewhereallthecablesarebrokenon
onesidewithawindmaximumat28C.
Toimprovetheelectricalbehavioroftheline,completetranspositionofthephasesmustbe
performedwhenthelengthofthelinesectionexceeds100km.Transpositiontowersmustbeas
closeaspossiblewithoutexceeding90kmto100km,
Forlines330kVVoltainLomeLomeCandCSakt,itisrecommendedthattheybefully
implementedtominimizethecouplingbetweenthephasesandimprovetheperformanceof
unipolarreclosing.
Thelinescanbetransposedtotwolocations,thethird(1/3)andtwothirds(2/3)ofthelengthofthe
line,whileretainingequallengthsineacharrangementofthephaseconductors.Thiswill,however,
differentarrangementsateachendofthelineandspecialattentionshouldbegiventothe
connectionlines.Tostandardizethearrangementofphasesineachposition,werecommend
preparingaschemeforimplementationsimilartothatshownindrawingNo.016742510043DD
0018.
Thedrawingsattachedtothisspecificationprovideanoverviewofeachtypeoftower.The
Contractorshallfinalizethegeometriestorespectallelectricalclearancesandotherrequirementsin
thisspecification.ThebasicparametersoftowersaregiveninTable12.1.
Theslopeandthespacingbetweenthemainlegsunderthecorsetmustbebasedonanalyzesof
costoptimization(towerandfoundation)tobesubmittedforreviewbeforethedesigndetailsofthe
towers.
Alltypesoftowersmustbedesignedsothatallframesincludingthelegsofthetowersareerected
priortobackfillingtheexcavationoffoundation,thetrenchbottommustbeperfectlylevelinorder
tobringthewingsofanglesandobtainasurfacebearingcorrect.Thedepthoftheexcavationwillbe
adjustedaccordingly.Thesettingofthebasesshouldbedonebyanapprovedmethod.
Alltowers,includingfootextensionsandthefoundationsmustbedesignedtowithstand,without
failure,theworstcombinationofloadandtheworstcombinationduetothevariousprovisionsof
thefootextensions(equalandunequal).
12.4Designofpylon
12.4.1Codes
Alltowersmustbedesignedinaccordancewithstandards,codesandstandardslistedinclause12.2.
Theshieldwireeaselsmustbeessentiallysymmetricalanddesignedtowithstandtheworstloading
causedbytheOPGWandtheoverheadearthwiremadeofstrandsofsteelcoatedwithaluminum
"Alumoweld".
Theeffectofsphereofaviationwarningbeaconsshouldbeconsideredwhenapplicable.
12.4.2Approval
TheContractorshallsubmittotheengineertotheOwnerforapprovalalldesigncalculationsand
detaileddesigndetailsthatmayberequestedwiththeelectronicfilesandprogramscreatedwith
thesoftwarePowerLineSystems(PLSCADandPLSTower).Thisincludes,butiswantingrestrictive:
Designparameters;
Calculationsarrowandvoltage;
Loadcalculations;
Loadingshafts;
Loadsoffoundations;
Designofthelegofthefoundation;
Maplocationofthelineandlongitudinalprofiles;
Detaildrawings/fabrication;
Constructiondrawingandmateriallists.
12.4.3Wind
Thetowersmustbedesignedtowithstandthewind.Thiswindisregardedasactinghorizontallyand
perpendicularlytothedirectionoftheline.
Thespeedofthewind(windspeedof10minutesat10mheight,inafieldBaccordingCEI60826)
alongthelinevariesfrom90km/hto115km/h.Windloadontheson,insulatorsandtowerswill
becalculatedasspecifiedinIEC60826.Regardingthecalculationofwindpressure,windspeed
referenceadoptedforthislineis115km/hwitharoughnessfactorkr=1.0,asindicatedbytheIEC
60,826.Therefore,thereferencewindspeed(VR)is115km/hto10meters
abovetheground.
Themaximumwindspeedwillbeassociatedwithanaveragedailytemperatureof28C.
Atthelowertemperatureminimum(12C),alowspeedwindof58km/h(50%ofhighwinds)will
beapplied.
12.4.4ResistanceFactors
Theresistancefactorusedinthedesignofthetowerswillbe0.625underloadintheintactandin
condition0.9ofbrokencable.
12.4.5Litters
Table12.1presentsthewindrangeandscoperequiredweightoftheline.Howeverthescope
equivalentisequalto450m.
Table 12-1: Basic parameters of the towers and limits of use for repair

TYPE OF TOWER
A3 B
3
C3 D3 E3
UTILISATION SuspensionSuspensionanchorage
anchorage anchorage
Usage limits Alignment (0
- 2)
Angle
(0 -
10)
Angle (0 -
30)
And anti-
cascade
transposition
(0)
Angle (30 -
60)
Limit

(0-
15)
Angle (60
-90)
Limit
(15 -
45)
chains
insulator
T Suspension I - chain Tension
face
value

1 x 120 kN 2 x 120 kN
Attaching the
ground wire
Suspension
anchorage
Height of the lower
phase (m)

19,75 20.2
(at an
l
18,5 17
,5
1
7
36,25 38.2
(at an
33,5 30
,5
3
0
Extension
section (m)
6,0, 12,0 6,0, 9,0 6,0, 9,0 6
,
0
Leg extension
0,0, 1,5, 3,0, 4,5 0,0,
1,5,
3,0,
4,5,
6,0
0,0, 1,5, 3,0, 4,5, 6,0 0,0, 1,5,
3,0, 4,5,
0,0,
1,5,
3,0,
4,5
Difference max.
between the leg
extensions
1,5 3,0 3,
0
3
,
0

L
I
M
I
T
S

L
A
I
D

scope
wind (m)
Max.
500 8
0
0
Max 450 to angle. Max 450 to
angle.
Max 450
to angle.
Weight
range
( )
625 10
00
800 80
0
8
0
0
Weight
range
(m) -
Min.
150 1
5
0
-200 -
20
0
-
2
0
0
Report
carried
0,8 0
,
- - -
Maximum
range (m)
700 900 90
0
9
0

Notethatthenominalcapacityoftheinsulatorstringsmentionedabovemustbeverifiedbythe
Contractorforcompliancewithsafetyfactorsprescribedandallotherclausesofthis
specification.
12.4.6Clearancedistancespylons
Theminimumdistancebetweenanylivepartandground(anymetalpartofthetower)willbeas
follows(seeclause3.2):
a)aclearanceof2600mmwithswingingoftheinsulatorsorstrapsatapressureof78Pawind,
atatemperatureof28Cdaily;
b)emissionof1650mmwithswingingofthestrapsorinsulatorscorrespondingtoawindspeed
equalto50%ofthemaximumwindspeed,atatemperatureof28Cdaily;
c)emissionof600mmwithswingingofthestrapsorinsulatorscorrespondingtothemaximum
windspeedatatemperatureof28Cdaily.
Thegeometryofthetowersincludingdistancestoground(swingdiagrams)mustbeverifiedby
themethodCIGREbrochureNo.322.
12.4.7Loadsontowers
WeassumethatthechargesareshowninTables12.2and12.3foreachloadsacting
simultaneouslyonthepylonsintheharshestconditions.
a)horizontaltransverseloads:
Thesearetheforcesappliedbythepressurelimitofthewindontheconductorsandground
wirestodailytemperatures.Thesechargeswillbecombinedtolimitthepressureofwindonthe
towersandinsulators;
Itisassumedthatthelimitpressureofthewindisinthedirectionmostcriticalonthepylons.
Thisinvolvescheckingminimumwind90,70and45degreeswithrespecttotheline.
Inthecaseofcornertowers,thetransversehorizontalloadsresultingfromthedeviationofthe
linewillalsobeincluded.
Inallcases,thewindmustbeconsideredinbothdirectionsblowingrightandleftoftheline.
b)horizontallongitudinalloads:
Pylonalignment:longitudinalforcesappliedtothesupportbybrokenconductorsareequalto
theresidualvoltageofaphaseorgroundwire(theminimumtemperature)withoutwind.The
residualvoltageisreachedthesteadystateafterthebreakofaconductorinthecenterofa
seriesofsixalignmenttower.Inthecaseoftheshieldwire,theresidualvoltageisequalto100%
ofthevoltagewithoutwind.Theresidualvoltageisestimatedat70%ofthevoltageandaphase
willbecalculatedbysoftwarecapableoffiniteelementaccordingtotheactualgeometryofthe
towersintheline.
Angletower:Itwillbedesignedtoresistbreakagesimultaneouslyaphaseconductoranda
shieldwiretothespeedofthewind(windlimit)tothedailytemperature.
Allangletowerswillbedesignedtowithstandavoltageunbalancedequivalentresultingfrom
unequalspansof250mand500moneachsideofthetower,inadditiontoallothercharges.
Allangletowersthatwilltemporarilystopsupportduringconstructionwillbedesignedto
withstandthetensionofallcablesononesideofthetoweratawindspeedgreaterthan70%on
cables,pylonsandinsulators.
Inthiscase,itisconsideredthatscopesaresimilartothoseprovidedbycablebreaks.If
necessarythecontractorwillinstalltemporaryanchors.
Stopthetowerwillbedesignedtowithstandthemaximumvoltageofallthecablesononeside.
Thetowerwillalsostopdesignedtowithstandtheloadcaseswheredriversareattachedtothe
stationofarrivalordeparturefollowingtheworstcaseofdeviationangles.
c)Verticalloads:
Normalcase:Theverticalloadappliedtothesupportbytheconductorsandshieldwireswillbe
madebasedonweightlimits(maximumandminimum).Thesechargesareinadditiontothe
deadweightofthestructure,insulatorsandstrings.
ConstructionandMaintenance:Thetowerswillbedesignedtowithstanda50%increaseinlitter
weightatallattachmentpointsofconductorsandshieldwires,exceptatapoint(anypoint)
wherethewillincreaseby100%.Thischargewillbecombinedwithlongitudinalandtransverse
horizontalloadsthatapplywhenthetowerisusedtosupporttemporarycessationduring
construction.
Inadditiontopreviouscharges,themainlegsoftiesandconsoleswillbedesignedtowithstand
aconcentratedloadof4.0kNatthecenteroftheunsupportedlength,whileallotherhorizontal
members(thosewithananglelessthan15tothehorizontal),includingthoseofthelattice
bucklingagainst,willwithstandaloadof1.5kNadditionalappliedinthecenter.
Table122:Loadcaseforsuspensiontowers

Load Case

Vertical loads*
Transve
l d
Longitudinal
l d
Resistance
f t

syst
em
intac
t
Each day Weight of all cables
to reach maximum
weight
Component of
the voltage at
28 C with no
wind.
- 0,625
Constructi
on and
maintenan
ce

1.5 times the daily
charge at all points
except one where it
is 2.0, combined with
mounting costs in
the horizontal
members.
1.5 or 2.0 times
the component
of the voltage
mentioned
earlier (see the
vertical load).
- 0,625
Wind
limit -
Transver
sal
Identical to the daily
load (to calculate the
uprising, another
case load will be
used to reach
minimum weight).
Limit wind
pressure on all
cables with a
range maximum
wind wind ++
on the pylon of
- 0,625
Alpha
Wind
limit -
Oblique

Identical to the daily
load (to calculate the
uprising, another
case load will be
used to reach
minimum weight).
Limit pressure of
wind on all
cables with a
maximum wind
range +wind on
the tower at an
angle of
+45
component of
tension.
Limit wind pressure
on all cables with a
range maximum
wind +wind on the
tower at an angle of
45
0,625

syst
em
dam
Out of a
phase
conductor
or a
ground
wire
70% of the daily
charge for broken
wires and 100% for
others.

Component of
70% voltage
conductors
without wind
or
100% voltage
for wires.
Component
70% of the voltage
for drivers no wind
or 100% voltage for
wires.
0,90
aged
Fall of a
phase
conductor
1.5 times the daily
charge for the phase
conductor and fell
Alpha
20% of the vertical
load of the phase
0,90

*Thesechargesareinadditiontotheweightofthetower,insulatorsandaccessories,whichis
constant.
Table123Loadcaseforpylonsanchor

Load cases Vertical loads *

transverse loads

longitudinal loads

Resistance
factor

system
intact

Each day

Weight of all cables
to reach the
combination weight
the most rigorous
Component of
the tension in
the cables to
28 C without
- 0,625
Anchor
during
construction
(with a limit
pressure of
wind
50%)
The same as the daily
loads.
Component of
tension in the
cables to the
minimum
temperature and
with a reduced
wind on the
wires, poles and
insulators.
Component of the
tension in the cables
to the minimum
temperature
0,625
Maintenan
ce (no
wind)
150% of daily charges
and expenses mount.

The same as the
daily loads.
- 0,625
Wind limit -
Transversal

loads (you must use
the scope to calculate
the minimum weight
lifting).
Component of
tension in the
cables and the
limit pressure of
the wind on all
cables, pylon
and insulators.
Voltage unbalanced
due to unequal
spans equivalent.

0,625
Wind limit -
Oblique
loads (you must use
the scope to calculate
the minimum weight
lifting).
Component
cables on the
tower and
insulators to
angle of 45 .
Voltage due to
unbalanced
equivalent unequal
brought to 45 .
0,625
system
intact

Out of a
phase
conductor
or a
ground
wire
100% of the weight
range for all cables.

Component of
the voltage +
wind limit on all
the spans and
pylons (70% in
the broken
phase
conductor only).
The same as the
wind limit +
longitudinal
component of the
broken conductor.
0,90

*Thesechargesareinadditiontotheweightofthetower,insulatorsandaccessories,whichis
constant.
12.4.8Designofframesandconnections
unlessotherwiseestablishedinthisspecification,thetowerswillbedesignedinaccordancewith
ASCE1097latticedesignssupportsfortransmissionlines.Thedesignwillalsoconsiderthe
standardIEC60826whichrequiresstructuralloadsfortransmissionlines.Moreover,the
softwareTOWERofPowerLineSystemsmustbeusedforthedesignofalltowers.Thefilesof
thesetowersshouldbeforwardedtotheengineertotheOwnerateachstageoftheir
developmentandvalidation.
Framesagainstbucklingofthelattice(redundant)mustsupportanaxialloadoftensionor
compressioncorrespondingto2.5%ofthemaximumloadincompressionoftheribswhichthey
support.
Theminimumthicknessoftheframesmustbe:
Mainleg:6mm
Secondarychord:5mm
Redundantframe:3mm
Plates:6mmoratleast1mmlargerthanthethicknessoftheflangethatconnects
Themaximumlengthoftheframesshouldnotexceed12m.
Designdetails
theminimumspacingbetweenbolts,rollededgedistancesandcutfromthecentersofholesare
giveninthefollowingtable:
Bolt
diameter
(mm)

Holediameter
(mm)
Minimumspacing
betweenbolts
(mm)
Alpha
Minimumedge
distancerolled(mm)
Minimum
edgedistance
cut(mm)
16 17.5 40 23 23
20 21.5 48 27 28
Onlyboltdiametersaboveshouldbeused.Amaximumoftwo(2)differentsizesofboltscanbe
usedonasinglemast.
Theelementsofmainlegsmustbeassembledendtoendbymeansofboltedjointsandcover
theinsideflangemustnotbelessthanthethickestofconnectedframes.
Theassemblyofframesforrecoverycanbeusedtoconnecttheframeswithunequalwings
providedthatstopstheinsideflangeismilledtomaketheconnection.
Allconnectionsmustbecapableofwithstandingtheforcesthatapplytoframesandmustbe
madeascloseaspossibletothepointofworkingtoreduceeccentricities.
Connectionsmustbedetailedinordertoreducetheeccentricitytothepracticalminimumwhile
limitingtheuseofgussets.
Theminimumthicknessofaplatemustbeatleast2mmgreaterthanthethicknessoftheribsit
connects.Thedimensionsoftheplatesshouldbesuchthatthereisnolocalbucklingortearing
ofthelocal.
Theuseoffurintheconnectionsshouldbeavoidedwheneverpossible.Thediagonalribsin
tensionmustbefullyconnectedtothegussetswherepossibletoavoidtheuseoffur.
Theribsofthetowermustbeprecisionmanufacturedtobolttogethereasilyatthesitewithout
unduestrainonthebolts.
Thefoldingwingsofanangletogluethetwowingsisstrictlyprohibited
theholediametershouldbeequaltoboltdiameterplus1.5mm.Howevercalculatingthenet
areaoftheprofileisdonebyconsideringtowers3mmlargerthantheboltdiameter.
Thestructuremustbedesignedsothatallpartsareaccessibleforinspectionandmaintenance.
Wheneverpossible,theverticalflangesoftheanglesmustbedirecteddownwardtoprevent
wateraccumulation.Inaddition,drainageholesshouldbeprovidedinareaslikelytoholdwater.
Allsimilarpartsmustbeperfectlyinterchangeable.
12.5Drawingsofdesign,designnotes,detaildrawingsandmaterialslist
12.5.1Notescalculationsanddesigndrawings
Thecalculationnotesaccompaniedbydesigndrawings,asapplicable,mustprovidethe
followingdata:
Foreachtower,thedesignermustprovideforreviewacompletesetofdrawingsincludingall
thefollowingelements:
Adrawingofdiagram(inoneormoresheets)showingtheshapeanddimensionsofthepylon
andextensions,theredundantarrayofframes,thetableoftotalmassesofthetowerforall
heights,thetableofcombinationsofextensionsandsummarytableshowingtheframesfor
eachchordtensionandcompressionloads,theloadcase,thegeometryanduse,thenumberof
boltsrequired,thetypeofsteelandnecessarycomments.Thedrawingmustincludeatable
refinestheelectricalclearancesbetweendifferentpartsofthetoweranddriversbasedon
climaticdesignloads.Alldistancesmaintenancewiththepositionanddimensionsoftheeditor,
theplatformwhenrequiredanddriversmustappearinatableonanadditionalsheetofdrawing
sketch.ForeachelectricalclearancesanddistancesshowninTablesmaintenance,therewillbea
realvaluecolumnandacolumnofvaluesrequired;
Allloadsandtheirpointsofapplicationincludingwindloadsactingonthestructureofthe
towersandtablesgivingfeedbackonthefoundations.Forpurposesofcalculationofwindloads,
thetowermustbedividedintoanumberofrepresentativesectionstakingintoaccountthe
heightofapplicationforthemaximumheightofthetower.Areportgivingthewindloadson
towersshallincludethegustfactors,heightanddragusedinthecalculations;
Adrawingofnotesgivinggeneralinformationanddetailsonmaterials,symbols,cupsandother
manufacturinginformation.Thisdrawingalsoincludesalistofdrawingsofthetower.
Relatedtothedesignnoteswith,asappropriate,thetablesonthedrawingsmustshow:
Thetensileandcompressionforceswithcriticsandthecaseloadassociatedtoeachframe;
Designation of the frame, dimensions, turning radius, effective slenderness ratio, number and
diameter of bolts required, net area, steel grades, the minimum and maximum loads, capacity
ratio calculated to those critical of the frames for connections and the frames themselves;

The calculated weight of galvanized pylon;

The designer must specify to load charts on the foundations, the maximum responses (or
combinations maximum) for all uses of the pylon.

12.5.2 Drawings details

Detail drawings for all parts of the tower must indicate the exact dimensions of all the frames,
with the holes cut and bending required. This includes the drum and foot extensions. At the
joints and when gusset is needed to assemble a chord with a main member using bolted
connections, these connections should be as detailed. Detail drawings shall include among
others:

Number, size and length of bolts;

Thickness and dimensions of the gussets.

Each component part of equipment will carry a reference number corresponding to the
catalog number or detailed plan of the room. This number will also be listed on the assembly
drawings supplied by the Contractor.

12.5.3 List of Materials

The materials list should indicate the size, length and weight galvanized for each chord, and
the total weight of parts and elements of the tower (even with head extension sections, foot
extensions and amount of the foundation). It must also include the number of bolts, nuts and
washers per structure.

12.6 Manufacture and general characteristics of the material

All equipment must be manufactured according to the latest revision of "Specification for the
Design, Fabrication and Erection of Structural Steel for Buildings" published by American
Institute of Steel Construction (AISC). The manufacture shall not commence prior to
approval of drawings.
The manufacture of parts must be top quality materials. All parts must be cut to the
dimensions provided detailed drawings prepared by the Contractor and approved by the
Engineer to the Owner. All components are interchangeable between towers of the same type
and drilling templates are identical in plan and in space.

Bolts and nuts must be tapped or threaded correctly. All parts will be an easy installation with
minimal set and will be provided with bolts, nuts, washers, etc.. to allow a complete
assembly, fast and safe.

The steel members should be soaked in a dichromate solution after galvanizing for the
Prevention of white rust during shipping and storage.

12.6.1 Bolts and nuts

Bolts shall be hex head, and supplied hot dip galvanized to ASTM A
394. Bolt heads must be properly centered on the body, and have a smooth bearing surface
and perpendicular to the axis of the bolt without burrs.
Boltsbusbarconnectorlocatedbelowtheantiescalationwillbefittedwithspecialantidisassembly
toavoidtheftbracket(bolttypecrimped,typeHUCKorsimilar).
12.6.2Punchinganddrilling
Theholescanbepunchedtoathicknessequaltothediameteroftheholeleast1.6mmforsteel
structure,theholediameterandlessthan4.7mmforhighstrengthsteel.Theholesmustbedrilled
orpunchedandreamedtoathicknessgreaterthan19mminthecaseofmildsteelandfora
thicknessgreaterthan16mminthecaseofhighstrengthsteel.
Thedistancebetweentheaxisofaboltholeandtheedgeofthegussetorsectionshouldatleastbe
equalto1.5timestheboltdiameter,unlessavalidationconstraintswithinthelimitspermittedtear.
Theholesshouldhaveadiameterequaltothatofthebolt,increasedby1.5mm.
Particularattentionshouldbepaidtoensurethatthepositionoftheholesconformtodrawings.Any
chordwithholesorcutsmorethan0.8mmfromthepositionshownontheplanswillberejected.
Nowelding,pluggingorfillingwillbepermittedunlessapprovedbytheEngineertotheOwner.
Punchinginafoldingzonetobeexecutedafterfolding.Theholesthataredistortedwillnotbe
accepted.
Theholeswhichreceiverodsorboltsfoldedmustbespecifiedwithachamfersothatitadaptsto
thecurvatureanddiameteroftherodorbolt.
12.6.3Galvanizing
Uniformityofthecoating
ThetestofuniformityofthecoatingshallbeperformedaccordingtoASTMA239.Thenumberof
oneminuteimmersioninasolutionofcoppersulphateshouldbeasfollows:
Profiledsteelplates6
Bolts,nutsandsimilarhardware4
Minorrepair
Thehardwareonwhichthegalvanizinghasbeendamagedshouldbetemperedagainunlessinthe
opinionoftheEngineertotheOwner,thedamageislocalandcanberepaired,usingazincrichpaint
approved.Thisrepairwillbeasfollows:
Removingrustwithsandpaperorwirebrushareaswherecorrosionappearsanddandruffzinc
nonadherent.Cleaningsolventandwipe.Treatmentwithphosphoricacidwillbebanned;
Applicationofoneortwocoatsofpaintabove(minimumthicknessofdryfilm:100micronsand%
zinc"85)tobeimplementedaccordingtothesupplier'sinstructions.Thecoatinghasauniform
thicknessandadherefirmlytosteel.
IfpermittedbytheEngineertotheOwner,theholeswillbepaintedonsiteasindicatedabove
beforeassemblyoftheelements.
12.6.4Assemblyinworkshop
Beforeconstructionoftheseriesandbeforegalvanizing,atowerofeachtypewillbeassembledat
thefactoryfloor,inordertorealizeitsperfectexecution.Inparticular,theperfectconcordanceof
assemblieswillbecontrolled.Noadditionalfitting,notshownonthedrawings,shallbepermitted.
Theinstallationwillbeeasyandwillnotcauseanydeformationofthestructureasawholeorany
partthereof.
Aftergalvanizingandbatchshipping,atleasttwoframesofeachtypewillbeassembledwithboltsto
ensurefinalgoodcorrespondenceoftheholesandchecktheclearancebetweenboltsandholes.
Whenerrorsintheassemblydrawingsandworkmanshipwerediscovered.Eachdrawingwillbe
revisedbytheContractorandresubmittedforreviewafterapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwner.
12.6.5QualityAssuranceTesting
TheContractorshallprovidewhensubmittingallthedetailedproceduresforqualityassurance,and
willperformallinspectionsandtestsnecessaryfortheproductionoftowers.
Materials,equipment,fixturesandfittingswillbesubjecttotestcertificatesmechanical,chemical,X
ray,etc.executedinaccordancewiththestandards.Certificatesandtestreportswillbeprovidedto
theplantengineertotheOwner.
Itwillbeauditedthedimensionsandtolerancesofexecutioninaccordancewithstandard
ASTMA6.
Allmaterialswillundergoavisualinspectionbeforeandaftergalvanizing.Fragilitytestsmustbe
performedaccordingtoASTMA143.Itwillalsoprocessatestofuniformityofthecoatingaccording
toASTMA.239.ThecoatingthicknessmustbeverifiedinaccordancewithASTMA90.Thenumberof
samplestobetaken,thenumberoflottobeinspected,etc..mustconformtoappropriateASTM
standards.
12.7Accessoriespylon
12.7.1General
Eachtowermustbeprovidedwithliftingplates,stirrups,anchors,attachmentpointsofconductors
andcableguard.Thetowerswillalsohavethenecessaryaccessoriesandnameplates.
12.7.2Boltslevels
Toallowmaintenanceoftowersandaccessories,boltonstepsshallbeamainmemberofthedrum
andoneachofthetwooutersidesofthehead(deltastructure).Therowofstepsbeginataheight
of3.0mfromgroundlevelandwillendatapproximately1mbelowtheattachmentpointofthe
shieldwire.Theyshouldbespaced375mm.
Eachboltlevelmustwithstandaverticalloadof1500N.
12.7.3Signs
Thenumberofpylonsignsshallbetwo(2)types,oneforobservationandidentificationfromthe
groundandtheotherisforthetrackinghelicopter.Theplatesarealuminumalloy,weatherresistant
(rain,sun)andthewritingwillbestampedandpaintedwithindeliblepaint.Table12.4summarizes
thedifferenttypesofplates.
Alltowerswillbeprovidedwithplateswhosedimensionsaredefinedinterms016742510043DD
0011.TheyshallbesecuredbyboltsVandalismonasupportlocatedabovetheanticlimbing.
Table124:Typesofnameplates

plates

location

Typeoftower
Number plate and circuit
identification
Sign of danger
Phaseidentificationsign
Lowerpart ofthepylon,
abovethedevices
antiscaling
Alltowers
Alltowers
Alltowers
Tracking plate helicopter At the top of the pylon

In all 10Towers
12.7.4Anticlimbingdevices
Alltowerswillbeequippedwithaprotectivebeltabovethegroundsoitisnotpossibletoclimb
themwithoutspecialmeans.Thisprotectionbeltmadeofbarbedsonwillhaveadoorboltedinthe
cornerofthetowersupportinglevelsofaccess.
12.7.5Groundingofthemastcableguard
Holesforthefixedpointsofgroundingmustbeprovidedontrestlesconductor.Thepositionofa
fixedpointmustbesuchthatthereisaspacearoundthefixedpointtobeabletobeconnected
easily.Thepositionoftheseholesandtherequirementsofthegroundingofthetowershallconform
todetailsshownonthedrawings.
TheContractorshallprovideallplatesgrounding,rods,clampscablegroundingandotherequipment
requiredinthehardwarelist.
12.8Packing
PackagingmethodsanddetailsofpackinglistsaretheresponsibilityoftheContractorandmustbe
submittedforapprovalbytheengineertotheOwner,whoreservestherighttoinspectequipment
andpackagingbeforedelivery.
TheContractorshalltakeallnecessaryprecautionstopacktheprovisionsothatitundergoesno
deteriorationduringtransportationbyland,seaandmaneuveroperations,loadingandunloadingto
itsfinaldestination.
Anygalvanizedmaterialshallbeadequatelyprotectedagainsttheriskofcorrosionasthe
"Whiterust",whichcanbecausedbywater,saltairorprolongedmoisture.
12.9EquipmentMaintenanceforliveline
ThemaintenanceequipmentforpowerlinesmustberecommendedbytheContractor.
12.10Testing
Thissectiondiscussesthetestingofprototypetowerthatarerequiredforeachtypeoftower.The
geometricconfigurationofthetowertobetestedwillbeproposedtotheengineeroftheClient
basedontheresultsofanalysisofthetowersofvaryingheights.Thesitesselectedfortestingof
towersmustalsobesubmittedforapprovalbytheengineeroftheClient
Agalvanizedpylonofeachtype,withextensions,shallbemanufacturedandtransportedtothetest
site.
Extensioncordsmustbethosethataremostcriticalamongthevariousprovisionsofextensions
consideredintheanalysisanddesignofthepylon.
Theprototypemustbemanufacturedinaccordancewiththedrawings.Thephysicalpropertiesof
materialsofconstructionmustconformtothosespecifiedinthereferencestandards.
Nopartofanytowersubjecttotestingwillbeincludedintheprovisionunlessauthorizedinwriting
bytheEngineertotheOwner.
12.10.1Testingpylon
Beforestartingproductionofthefirsttower,afullscaletestwillbeperformedinaspecialtystation
onatowerofeachtype,thetowerswillbetryingthesameasundertheprovision.
AllstagesoftestingmustconformtoIEC60652latesteditions.Effortstoapplytothetowersduring
testingwillbethoseresultingfromthetechnicalspecificationIEC60826withcaseloadsanticipated.
Theengineeroftheprojectownermustprovidetheapplicablefiveloadingcasesbytypeoftower,
whichincludesamongothersthecaseofloadingcausingfailure.
TheContractorshallsubmittotheengineertotheOwnerforapprovaladetailedprogramfortesting
thetowers,showingmethodstoconductthetestsandhowtoloadapplication.Followingthe
approvalproceduresandtestingprogramsbyEngineer,theContractorshallnotifytheEngineerto
theOwneratleast30daysbeforethescheduledtests.
12.10.2Finalproductionofthepylon
TheContractorshallensurethatthematerialspecificationsandmanufacturingofalltowersas
providedinworkshopsandonsiteareinstrictcompliancewiththetowersthathavepassedthe
tests.Intheeventafaultisdetected,theContractorshallreplacedefectivepolesatnoadditional
cost.Anycostsincurredinassembling,transporting,deliverydelaysandanyotherexpensesor
lossescausedbythisincidentmustbefullyassumedbytheContractor.However,theengineerof
theContractingAuthorityreservestherighttoforegothetesttowers,iftheContractorhas
previouslypassedthetesting,installationandcommissioningofthetowerandcanprovidesimilar
certificatestestsdulycertifiedbytheengineerandareconsideredacceptable.
12.11Deliverables
Sheetsofguaranteedspecificationsattachedtothisspecificationforeachtypeoftowerproposed;
Thequalityassuranceprogramofthemanufacturerand/ormanualwithalistofinternational
standards/nationalspecificationscoveringrawmaterials,components,processes,tolerances,test
procedures,etc..,Andalistoftestsnormallycarriedoutonrawmaterialsanddescriptionoftest
equipmentused;
Drawingsshowingtheproposedtowerloading,size,methodofgroundingandtheloadsonthe
foundations;
Drawingsshowingtheelectricalclearancesforallcriticalconditions;
Alistofexistingtransmissionlinesforwhichthedesignerandthemanufacturersuppliedthetowers
andthedatesofcommissioningoftheselines.
Thedetaileddesigncalculationsfordesignloadsandthedetailedtestingprogram,includingtables
ofdistributionofforcesonthetowersinthedifferentcasesofsolicitation;
Drawingsofthefoundation(baseplate,connectingthemainlegofthepylontotheamountofthe
foundation);
Drawingssettingforinsulatorandshieldwireforalltypesofpylonanddrawingsshowingthe
distancestoground(swingdiagrams);
Detailsofthemanufacturingscheduleandproposedtransportation/delivery;
Detailedplansofthetowerandbuildingplans;
Diagramofuseofthetower;
Theconfigurationandmountingdrawingsofallaccessoriesincludingsignsofdanger,number,
phaseandnumberofair;
Testcertificatesforthequalityofsteelandgalvanizingprocess;
Testcertificatesforthequalityoftheboltsandnutsandgalvanizingprocess;
Completetestreport,includingthechargesthatcausedthebreakdownforeachtypeoftower.
FOUNDATIONS13330KV
13.1General
Foundationsmustbedesignedforalltypesofpylononthebasisoftheresultsofsoiltests.For
technicalandeconomicreasons,severaltypesoffoundationscanbebuiltinagivensoiltype,
becausethelogisticsofconstruction,projectsize,accessconditions,availableequipment,etc..can
sometimestipthebalanceinfavorofaparticulartypeoffoundation.
TheContractorisresponsibleforprovidingtheappropriatetypeoffoundationforeachtower
location.ThesoilstudiesandnecessarytestsshallbeundertakenbytheContractorinaccordance
withthisspecification.
TheContractorshallalso,duringthegeotechnicalsubgrade,measuringtheaggressivenessofsoil
andgroundwatertoprovideadequateprotectionofallfoundationelements.Thestudyofsoiland
methodsofprotectionwillbesubjecttotheapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwner.
TheContractorshalldesign,dependingonthequalityofsoilanditsaggressiveness,thefoundation
designforthetowers,includingspecialfoundations,asrequired.
Specialfoundations(pilesorother)mayberequiredinplaceswherethegroundwillnotbe
consideredstrongenough.
13.2DesignCriteria
Foundationsmustbedesignedtowithstandattacks,uprisings,reversals,verticalandhorizontal
forces.Foundationsshouldhavesufficientstrengthtowithstandallloadstowhichthetowerwas
designed.
Thetowerfoundationswillbedesignedtotaketheultimateloadstransmittedbythetowers
consideringthebasicparametersofthesoil.Safetyisafactorof1.5willalsoapplytofoundations.
Concretefoundationsmustbedesignedaccordingtothelatesteditionofthefollowingstandards:
CIGRE206(foundationdesign)and308(plantfoundations)
IEEE691Guidefortransmissionstructurefoundationdesignandtesting
ACIACI318BuildingCodeRequirements
Effortshelpedprescribedinthecodeshouldnotbeexceededunderloadingconditions.Thecoating
layercoveringtheminimumconcretereinforcingbarsmustbe
65mm.Thecoatingshouldbeincreasedto90mmforconcreteplacedinthemiddleofexcavation,
androcksurfacessubjecttocorrosioncausedbysulfateorcorrosivechemicals.
Thedensityofconcreteshallbeconsideredto2400kg/mindrysoiland1400kg/minsoilsbelow
thewatertable.
TheContractorshallsubmitwiththebid:
Preliminarydrawingsoftheproposedfoundationdesign;
Thecompletecalculationsanddetaileddesignofatypicalfoundationbysoiltype;
Allcriteriaconsidered,given,andothers,usedforfoundationdesign;
Allrelevantdocumentation;
Thelocationofthelaboratorywheretheaggregatesandconcretecubesorcylinderswillbetested.
13.3Specifyingthetypesoffoundation
Overall,six(6)soiltypeswerecharacterizedwiththeirrangeofgeotechnicalpropertiesandeligible
propertiesinthecalculationofthestrengthofthefoundations.Theresultsofgeotechnical
investigationswillclarifyallsoiltypesthatapplytofoundationlines.Table13.1definesthedesign
parametersapplicabletospecificsoiltypes.

Table13.1Designparametersapplicabletospecificsoiltypes

Soildescription

type
(class)
Maximum
allowable
bearing
capacity
(1)(kPa)
Dryunit
weight
(2),(3)3
(kg/m)
Undrained
shear
strengthCu
(kPa)
Standard
penetratio
ntest.N
rateof
penetratio
n(4)
Coneangleof
elevation
(cohesivesoil)

Liftingangleof
thecone
(noncohesive
soil)
without
stepped

without
stepped
Rochealthy
R >1000 2000 - - 45 -
Veryhard
cohesivesoil
Veryloosesand,
softrockor
fracture

1

400

1800

>200

>30

25

25
Cohesivesoilhard,
firmdensesand

2

300

1800

100 - 200

20 - 30

25

20
Averagesoil
cohesion
3 200 1600 50 - 100 10 - 20 20 10
Stiffcohesivesoil
Loosesandto
compact

4

100

1600

25 - 50

5 - 10

10

5
loosesand
5 50 1400 10 - 25 3 - 5 0 0

(1)Basedonanallowablesoilpressureorcompactioncriterionof25mm.
(2)Soilembankmentandnaturalwellcompactedto95%ofProctor.
(3)Itisconsideredthattheunitweightofsubmergedsoilis1000kg/m3.
(4)Hothypeby0.3m.
13.4Therockanchors
forsoiltypeR,arockanchorsmayberequiredifbedrockis1or2metersbelowground.Anchorrods
ofdiametergreaterthan25mmwillbeanchoredinholesdrilledandgroutedspecialcement.All
anchorsshouldbetested.
Therequirednumber,depthandspacingofanchorsmustdependontherockquality.Thesolution
proposedbytheContractorshallbesubmittedtotheengineertotheOwnerforapproval.
ThepullouttestsshallbeperformedaccordingtoASTMD4435andinthepresenceoftheEngineer
totheOwner.Atleastfive(5)differenttestsshouldbeperformedforeachtypeofrockandforeach
modelandlengthofanchorrod.Thelocationsontherouteofthelinewherethetrialswillbeheld
todeterminewiththeapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwner.TheContractorshallprovide
materials,equipment,transportation,laborandallotherservicesandresourcesrequiredfortesting.
5.13FoundationSlabfoundation&chimneyandpyramidlevelslabandchimney
Forsoiltype1,2,3and4,aconcreteslabfoundationandarmypyramidalchimneyorfoundation
slabchimneylevelandwillnormallyberequired.Thesetypesoffoundationscanbeusedwhenthe
pressureofpermittedlandislessthan400kPaforsoiltype1,300kPaforsoiltype2,200kPaforsoil
type3and100kPaforsoiltype4.
Ingeneralthecalculationwillusethemethodknownastheangleofelevation.Itconsistsof
determiningtheholdingforceofasolidbytakingintoaccount,besidestheweightofthemassive
weightofthelandraisedbytheslab.Itisassumedthattheraisedlandsisatruncatedinverted
pyramidwhosesidefacesformananglewiththeverticaldependentonthequalityoftheground.
Thisanglewillbezeroforbadland,about30innormalgroundandmayreach70totherock.An
estimateoftheanglesofelevationthatmaybeencounteredwillbegivenbythesurveysalongthe
line.
Thecompressionforceappliedtothefoundationwillbethesumofthefollowingefforts:
Forcetransmittedbythebaseintheeventconcerned;
Weightoftheconcrete;
Weightoflandlocatedabovetheslab.
Thiscompressivestressshouldnotdriveundertheslabatapressuregreaterthanthemaximum
allowablepressureoftheground.
Weadmitthatcurrentfield;theshearforceappliedtothemassisabsorbedbythereactionofthe
surroundingsoil.Theabovegroundpartofthechimneyswillbeconsideredaconsolebuiltintothe
groundandsubjectedtoabendingforce.Theconcreteofthechimneyshouldbearmed.
Ifnecessarytoensureproperdistributioneffortsontheslabandavoidworkingconcreteintension,
thefoundationwillbearmed.
Thefoundationswillbedesignedaccordingtothemostcriticalcombinationofreactiontowersand
loadcases.
Thefoundationdimensionsdependonsoilconditionsencounteredateachlocationofthetower,
andthetypeoftower,takingintoaccounttheangleofthelineinquestion.Normally,thesizeof
foundationsdoesnotvarywithheightdifferencesofthetypesoftowers.TheContractorshall
provideafoundationdesignatthelowesttotalpricepossiblepricethatreflectsthedesign,
materials,performanceandhandling.Thepricesoffoundationmustberegisteredintheprice
schedule.
Thebasesofthefeetofpylonssetinconcretefoundationswillbeequippedwithchairsbolted,
calculatedinaccordancewithANSI/ASCE1097,1997oranyotherapprovedstandard.
13.6Foundationconcretebase
Forsoiltype5(lowsoilcondition),afoundationinconcretebaseisrecommended.
13.7PileFoundation
Insteadofinstallingsuchafoundationslabforverysoftsoils(soiltype5),theContractor,subjectto
clientconsent,maydecidethatitwouldbemorepracticaltoinstallapilefoundation.Inaveryloose
soilthatwouldrequirethinking,forexample,itmightnotbeeconomicaltoinstallpilesifonlyafew
foundationsarerequired.Instead,theContractormayfinditmoreconvenienttoinstallsucha
foundationslab,becausethelatterdoesnotrequirethemobilizationofpiledrivingequipment
expensiveandspecialized.
Toensurethestabilityofthetowers,thestakesshouldbeembeddedinaconcreteslaborrigid
interconnectedinanapprovedmanner.Thenumberandlengthofpilestodarkendependingonthe
bearingcapacityofpiletypeused,whichcanbecalculatedfromthebearingcapacityoftheliveload
measured.Thepileswillbetested.
13.8Connectingtheamountsofmastandanchor
Theconnectionofthetowerfoundationsmustbedonethroughanangleofsteelbase.Angleofthe
basemusthaveatleastthesamesizeastheamounttowhichitconnects,andmustbehotdipped
galvanizedtheentirelength.
Theanglesofbasemustbeprovidedwithholesforconnectiontotheamountandforgroundingin
accordancewithdetaileddrawingsoftowers.
Theanchoringanglesteelbaseintheconcretefoundationswillbethroughaboltedconnection
Allanglesofbasemustbeatleasttwochairsatthelowerend.Angleofthebaseshouldbelong
enoughtoresisttearing.
Thespacingbetweensupportbracketsmustbeatleasttwicethewidthofthewingoftheshelf
angle.Theminimumdistancefromtheuppersupportbracketbelowthelevelofconcretemustbe
eighttimesthewidthofthelegoftheanglesupport.
13.9Materials
13.9.1ConcreteandReinforcement
Concretemusthaveaminimumstrengthof30MPaat28days.
Thereinforcementshallconsistoftwistedsteelbarsinaccordancewiththerequirementsof
ASTMA615withminimumyieldstrengthof400N/mm2.
Thereinforcementbarsmustbemadeofsteelwithahighadhesion,witharesistanceto
deformationatleast400MPainaccordancewiththerequirementsofASTMA615.
Themetalwillbeheldinplacebymeansofbracketsmeetingandspacersannealediron,sotheycan
moveduringtheimplementationofconcrete.
Themetalframemustbeperfectlycleanandshallshownotraceofmortarorcement,concrete,dirt,
greaseorothercontributionthatmaydestroyorlimititsbindingtotheconcrete.
TheestablishmentofrebarmustbemadeinaccordancewithBuildingCodeRequirementsfor
ReinforcedConcrete(ACI318)andtheManualofStandardPracticeforDetailingReinforced
ConcreteStructures(ACI315),exceptwherespecifiedotherwise.
13.9.2Sealingparts
Thepartstobesealedmustbeofthesameclassasthesteelpylonwithaminimumthicknessof6
mm.ThegalvanizingofthesepartswillmeettherequirementsofASTMandspecificallyStandardA
123.
13.10Detailedcalculations,drawingsandplantconstruction
13.10.1Detailedcalculations
Thedetailedcalculationnotesforeachtypeoffoundationshouldbesubmittedtotheengineer
Clientforapproval.Thesecalculationsshouldinclude:
Calculationsrelatedtoeffortsinthefoundations,thetransferofforcestothefoundationsofthe
towersandtherationaleforallowablepressuresandtheirdistribution;
Safetyfactorsfortheconditionsofserviceandstability;
Maximumforcestransmittedintotheconcreteandsteelreinforcementatallcriticalsections;
Detailedcalculationsofrebaranchors,spacing,lengthsofsealing,coating,covering,etc..
13.10.2Drawingsfactoryandconstruction
DetailsofeachtypeoffoundationshouldbesubmittedtotheEngineertotheOwnerforapproval.
Onceapproved,nochangescanbemadewithoutthewrittenpermissionoftheEngineertothe
Owner.Thedrawingsofplantandconstructionmustincludeatleast:
detailedplansofthefoundations.Thefoundationdimensionswillbeindicatedbyincludingthedata
necessaryforacorrectimplementationoftheseandprovidedetailsofthereinforcement;
Detailedrecordoftheconcretework,includingthetype,aggregate,mixingwater,cementand
admixtures,water/cementratio,workability,mixing,transportationandinstallation,requiredand
measuredsubsidence,etc..;
Protectionofthereinforcingsteelagainstcorrosionandinsulationifany;
Detailsofdevicessupportinganglesofindividualbaseforeachtypeoftowerfoundationforthe
engineer'sapprovaloftheEmployer;
Detailsofthebaseplatesandconnectionsforeachtypeoffoundation.
14TOPOGRAPHICSURVEYANDDISTRIBUTIONOFTOWERS330KV
14.1General
Forpurposesofbidding,themapoftheproposedlinedrawing,drawingsofplanview,longitudinal
profileandaprovisionallistofdistributionpolesmustbeincludedinthisspecification.
Detailsofthetypesofpylonextensionsandtheirquantitiesareprovidedtemporarilyforthe
purposeofbiddingtoallbidders,andareshowninthePriceSchedulesaccordingtothepreliminary
allocationofthetowermadebyEngineertotheOwnerusingthePLSCADDsoftware.
14.2Surveyingpreliminary
Theengineeroftheprojectownerconductedaconventionalalignmentandastatementofthe
longitudinalprofileofthelinedrawingthatincludesthepreliminaryallocationofthetowers,and
anticipatingthetypesoftoweralongtheroute.
14.3Finalcheckofthetopographicsurveyanddesignconfirmatory
Thetopographicalworkmustbeperformedbyexperiencedpersonnel,supervisedbyaqualified
surveyor.Theskillsofthesurveycrewandequipmentproposedtopographicmustbesubmittedto
theengineer'sapprovaloftheEmployer,atleast15daysbeforeworkbegins.
ItistheresponsibilityoftheContractortodoitslongprofilestatementtoconfirmand/orcorrect
thepreliminarystatementoftheengineeroftheClientandtheprovisionaldrawingsofplanview
andlongitudinalprofilewhilerespectingtheproposedalignment,thepositionsandtypesoftowers,
throughthefollowingmaintasks:
ChecktheverticalalignmentofthelineprovidedbytheengineertotheOwner,correct,make
additionalsurveysandupdatethefilePLSCADDlinedrawingandreviewthedistributionofpoles
withintherulesoftheartofengineeringtransmissionlineandensuringcomplianceofthe
preliminaryallocationspecifications.AnyproposedamendmentmustbejustifiedbytheContractor
andsubjecttotheapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwner;
Checkterrainelevationatthelocationsoftowersincompliancewiththeminimumclearances
relativetotheground;
Checkalldistancesbetweentowers;
Correctandupdatetheprofilealongtheline,thePLSCADDfileandlinedrawingofthemapuntil
thefinalacceptanceofworkbytheengineeroftheClient;
TheContractorremainssolelyresponsiblefortheaccuracyofthelinedesign,anddrawingsthathe
produced.
Redo/orcorrectdrawingswhenrequestedbytheEngineertotheOwner.
Changesmustbeappropriatelyannotatedonthedrawingsofplanviewandlongitudinalprofile.
Hardcopiesandelectronicupdatesaresubmittedtotheengineerintheformatsprescribedabove
forapproval.;
PLSCADDfilemustbesubmittedforapproval;
Thescalemustbe1:5000horizontaland1:500verticalcutsshouldbedrawnfromlefttorighton
thesheet.
14.4Informationrequired
TheContractorshallidentify,writeareportandpreparethedigitaldataformatsaswellasdrawings
ofplanandprofileretailersallinformationregardingthefollowingitemswithinabandwidthof68m
alongthecenterlineofthestatement:(centerline34m).Atopographicdigitalcodeassignedto
eachtypeofstatement,forcompatibilitywithPLSCADDsoftwareandtomaketheconnectionwith
thereportsprovidingthefollowinginformation.
roads
identification;
Surfacetype;
Class(primary,secondary,private,etc.).
Crossingangle;
Chainingthecenterlineandlimitsoftheroad;
Elevationofthehighestpointoftheroadsurface.PathsandTrails
Chainingandapproximateangleofintersection;
Elevation.Railways
identification;
Linkingthecenterlineandcontrollimits;
Crossingangle;
Elevationofthetoptrack.
Transmissionlineandcommunication
owner;
voltage;
Typeofconstruction;
Crossingangle;
Chainingatthecrossingpoint;
Distancefromthecrossingpointadjacenttothesupportstructures;
Elevationofthegroundatthecrossingpointandadjacentsupportstructures;
Elevationoftheuppercableatthecrossingpointanditsattachmenttotheadjacentsupport
structures;
Temperatureatthetimeofmeasurementofelevations.fences
Chainingandapproximateangleofintersection;
Groundelevationandheightofthefence.
Propertylines
Chainingandapproximateangleofintersection.Permanentbuildings
Chaining/offsetdistancesandelevationsofthecorners;
Height;
Typeofroof.Temporarybuildings
Showonplanandprofileaslongtoestablishthequantitiesandtheclearancedistance;
Height.Ditchesandstreams
Chaining,widthandangleofapproximatelycrossingelevationrelativetotheground.Hills,farms
anderuption
Type;
Chaining,offcenterdistancesandelevationsofgroundpoints;
Height.Soiltypes
Chainingpositionswherethesoiltypechanges;
Definition(normalsoil,loosesoil,clay,sand,rock,swamp,etc..).Gaslinesandburiedcables(if
applicable)
Recordandindicateontheplandesignalltheinformationthatmaybeusefulorhaveanimpacton
theconstructionoftheline.Futuredevelopmentsinclude:
Type,nameandsize;
Chainingandcrossingangle;
Groundelevationanddepthofburial;
Limitoftherightandelevationaboveground.
14.5topographicaldrawingsofthetransmissionline
TheContractorshallprovideadigitaldataformat(PLSCADDfile),includingthedrawingsofplanand
longitudinalprofileandtopographicsurveys.
Theseincludealldataandrecordsmust:
Showallfeaturessuchashedges,fences,ditches,roads,railways,rivers,buildings,huts,
transmissionlinesandcommunicationconduit,servicelinesandexistingpropertylines;
Showtherespectiveanglesofintersectionwiththecenterlinesurveying,chaining,elevations,
height,etc..Forallfeaturesnotedduringthesurvey;
Indicatethetypeofsoilifgrown(includingtype),grassland,brush,bushes,etc..,Andmakespecial
referencetoabnormalconditions:swamp,loosesoil,etc..,Andotherpertinentinformation,suchas
groundinstability;
Clearlyshowthechainingsection.
14.6Distributionofpylons
14.6.1Drawingsofverticalandhorizontaldistributionofpylons
TheContractorshallsubmitforapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwnerthefinaldrawingsofplan
viewandlongitudinalprofileincludingthedistributionofthetowers.
Thedrawingsofplanviewandlongitudinalprofilemustincludethepositioningofthetowersusing
thelatestversionofPLSCADD.TheContractorshallprovideforexchangesandplanstobidthe
engineeroftheClientusingPLSCADDfileswithanappropriatenumberingthatidentifiestheissuer
andthedateofthechange.Attheveryendofreviews,approvalsandchangesofplans,copieswill
beprovidedbytheContractor.
Optimizedrepairpylonsmustmeetthelimitsoftherangesandclearancerequirements.Thefinal
optimizationmustbebasedonpricesoftowersandfoundationssubmittedbytheContractor.
Foralltowers,theContractorshallensurecomplianceoftheirdistributiontoallspecification
requirements,suchas:
Theweightrangesandwindarenothigherthanthoseusedfordesign;
Thescopeweightisnotlessthantherangeofdesign;
Specifiedclearancesaremet;
Foundationsandtowersarenotstressedbeyondtheirdesigncapacitiesspecified.
Inaddition,thefollowinginformationmustappearonthedrawingsofplanviewandprofile:
Onthelongitudinalprofile:identificationnumber,type,extension,andchaininggroundelevation
foreachpositionofthetowers,spanlengthandequivalentindividualcurvesofthemaximum
deflectionoftheconductorsandreleasecurves;
Onthelongitudinalprofilefor:identificationnumber,type,extension,andchainingground
elevationforeachpositionofthetowers,spanlengthandequivalentindividualcurvesofthe
maximumdeflectionoftheconductorsandclearancecurves;
Ontheplanview:identificationnumbertoeachpylonposition,angleofthelineandchaining
cumulativeforeachangleofthelineandanchorpylon.
14.6.2Tableoftowerandequipmentlists
TheContractorshallpreparethetablepylonfortheentirelengthofthelineandsubmittothe
engineertotheOwnerforapprovalbeforeworkbegins.Thetablemustincludeatleastthefollowing
information:
Individuallittersandlittersofcontrol;
Deflectionanglesoftheline;
Typesofpylon;
Legextensionandindividualextensions;
Detailsoflinecrossings(rivers,roads,ditches,transmissionlines,etc.).
Equationslinking;
Cartridgeforcomments,revisionsandfinalnumbersofstructures;
Windandweightspansforeachtower;
Modelsofinsulatorstrings;
Numberofbracesapplicable;
Numberofshocksperpylon;
Numberofspacerdampersperlitter;
Numberofpacking(armorrods);
Cablejoints,fittingsandallothernecessaryinformation.
14.6.3Picketingpylon
Thepickettowermustbeperformedbyexperiencedpersonnelandsupervisedbyaqualified
surveyor.
Phasewillbetoproceedwithpicketpickettowersatthelocationindicatedinthereportproduced
bypicketPLSCADDstampedbytheengineeroftheprojectownerandthebrand"approvedfor
construction."
Thetowerswillbelocatedonthegroundwithstakesnumbered.
TheContractorshalllocatealltowersatthestationshownontheplansandlongitudinalprofile.
However,tolerancesforpositioningwithrespecttotheaxisofthelineare:
Longitudinalgap:10cm;
Transversedeviation:30cm.
Wewillconductthesurveycrosssectionsoflandtothetowersitelocatedonaslopeinorderto
determinetheexactlengthsofunevenfeet.Thesegradientswillappearinthefinalbookpicket.
Thetowerswillbelocatedbymeansofthreeposts,apicketlineatthecenteroftwostakesand
managementlocated15minfrontandbehindthestakecenter.Thestakecenterisconsideredthe
workingpointfromwhichthelinelevelandthetowersitemustbeestablished.Highmastangle,the
Contractorstakesmustalsoprovideguidancealongthebisectoroftheangleofdeviationoftheline.
TheManufacturerwillberesponsibleforthecorrectlocationoftowersonthegroundandthefinal
lengthofspan,whoseexactvalueswillbemeasuredbyhisofficeandcommunicatedtotheengineer
totheOwner.
15STUDYOFSOIL330KV
15.1General
Inordertoconfirmthenatureofthevarioussoilsencounteredalongtherouteandthelocationsof
newpositions,theContractorshallundertakegeotechnicalinvestigationsthatconsistof:
Todrillexplorationwellsbymeansofexplorationand/orboreholes.Theseboreholeswillidentify
themainsoiltypesoveradistanceof10kmbetweentwopollsandwheresoilcharacteristicschange
significantlyalongthelineroute.Thedrillholeswillgenerallybeperformedusingdynamic
penetrationtests;
Todrillinglocations,avisualcontradiction,densitymeasurementsinsitusamplingofsoilsamples
forparticlesizeanalysisandwatersamplingforchemicalanalysis(aggressiveness)willberealized;
TheContractorshallalso,duringthegeotechnicalsubgrade,soilresistivitymeasurementusingthe
methodsanddevicesapproved.
Alltheresultsandinterpretationsofthesestudiesshouldbecompiledinadetailedreportincluding:
Thelocationofboreholes,withthesurveystatementidentifyingthedifferentsoilstrata
encountered;
ThelevelofgroundwaterinaccordancewithASTMD4750andwatertestinginaccordancewith
ASTMG51;
Testscarriedoutonsiteandlaboratory;
Theinterpretationofresultsandrecommendationsonthebearingcapacityofsoilandrock,internal
frictionangle,specificweight,etc..,Andthetypesoffoundationrecommended.
15.2SoilInvestigation
Thesoilsurveymustbeconductedtoprovidedatarequiredforproperselectionofthetypeof
footingsandfacilitiesgroundingforeachtower.
Themethodsofinvestigationthatwillbeusedarelistedbelow.Whenmorethanonemethod,the
Contractorisfreetochoosethemethodthatseemsmostsuitable.
Thecostofsoilsurvey,thecostcorrelationteststovalidateallstudymethodsotherthanthose
specifiedandallcostsrelatingtothetestsrequiredundersection15.3thenexttoconfirmthe
choiceoffoundations,mustbeincludedintheunitpriceoftheestimate.
Inordertoselecttheproperfootingsforeachtowersite,theresultsofeachstudysite,valuesofN,
Cuandothersareusedtoidentifythetypeofsoilinplacedependingontheextentofsoildata,such
asclassifiedinSection13.3,Table13.1.
Asfoundationsaresubjectedtopulloutloadsandcompression,soiltypemustbesetto2.5times
thewidthofthefoundation(or3m)belowtheleveloffoundationareaplannedandatleast1m
belowtherocksurfacewherebedrockisencountered.
AnymethodofinvestigationproposedbytheContractorandacceptedbytheEngineertotheOwner
pursuanttoSection15.3,whichdoesnotrequiresamplingofsoil,shouldbesupplementedbya
descriptionofsoilsinsituduringexcavation.
Measurementsofsoilresistivityshallbeinaccordancewiththemethodormethod4points
VanderPauwofIEEEStd.81.
15.3Methodsofsoilsurveys
a)bedrock
i.Drillingandrocksamplingforidentificationandtestingofresistance,ifrequired.
b)GranularSoils
ii.Thestandardpenetrationtest(SPT)inaccordancewithASTMD1586.
Thismethodshouldalwaysbesupplementedbyadescriptionofsoilsinplace.Thesoilcanbe
identified,coarseorfinegrained,basedonidentificationproceduresshowninFigure7Earth
Manual,U.S.DepartmentoftheInterior,BureauofReclamation,SecondEdition,1974.Iftheground
totherequireddepthcontainsbothcoarseandfinegrains,identificationofthetypeofsoilmustbe
basedonthetypeofwhichtakesupmorethan50%ofthatdepth,andtheaveragevaluesofN
obtainedateachhalfmeterintheborehole.
iii.Staticpenetrationtests(Dutchconepenetrometer)inaccordancewiththe
ASTMD3441.
Thismethodmustbesupplementedbyastratigraphicinterpretationinferredfromtestresults.
iv.Acombinationofoneofthemethods15.3b(i),15.3b(ii)andanyothermethodthatthe
Contractorwishestopropose,inaccordancewiththefollowingconditions:
Method12.3b(i)or12.3b(ii)shouldbeusedforatleast10locationscornertowersand/or
anchor;
Theproposedmethodshouldbeusedwithsuccessinthepracticeoratleastaproposed
transmissionlinecomparable.Theproposalmustbesubmittedwithfulltechnicaldocumentation;
Inaddition,theContractorshallclearlydemonstratethroughfieldtrials,thecorrelationbetweenits
proposalandoneofthemethodsspecifiedin15.3b(i)or
3.15b(ii).Tothisend,fieldtrialsshouldbeperformedbytheContractoratleast10different
locations.
v.Theproposedmethodwillbeappliedonlyinthetypeofsoilwherethecorrelationwasclearly
demonstratedbytheContractor;
vi.IftheContractorcannotjustifythecorrelation,itwillusethemethod15.3b
(I)or15.3b(ii)noadditionalcost;
vii.Forthemethodproposedisaccepted,thecorrelationshouldnotbeanyambiguity.The
correlationcoefficientmustbegreaterthan0.9;
viii.Ifthedispersionistoolarge,theContractorshallhavetheoptiontoperformadditionaltests
untilanacceptablecorrelationoccursorsetalowercorrelationcurveincluding90%ofcorrelation
pointsforeachsoiltype;
ix.Theanalysismethodologytoestablishthecorrelationshouldbesubmittedforapproval.The
followingcriteriamustbeconsidered:
Atleastthreepointsofcorrelationwillbeusedforeachstudysite;
Athreepointcorrelationshouldcorrespondtotheplanneddepthofdrillingatthelocationofstudy
site;
Thesecondpointmustmatchtheprojecteddrillingdepth1.5m,butnotatadepthlessthan1
underthenaturalgroundlevel;
Thethirdpointmustcorrespondtotheproposeddepthofthedrilloncemorethewidthofthe
foundation,butnotatadepthlessthan1.5underthenaturalgroundlevel;
Aminimumof10pointsisrequiredtoestablishthecorrelationcurveforagivensoiltype.
c)Landgrained(cohesive)
i.Staticpenetrationtests(Dutchconepenetrometer)
ii.vaneNilcon
15.4Reportonsoilsurveyandselectionoffoundations
Foreachtowerlocation,]theContractorshallprepareandsubmitthereportonthestudyofthe
ground,describingthemethodsused,soiltypechosenaccordingtotheresultsofthestudy,the
extentofsoilsaccordingtoSection13.3,Table13.1,andthefoundationselected.
IntheeventtheContractorand/orengineertheprojectownerconsiderthattheresultsofthe
studysoilarenotsufficienttoidentifythesoilinplaceand/ortoselecttheproperfoundations,the
Contractorwilldoadditionalstudiestocompletethereportwithfindingsandconclusionsrequired.
16CLEANINGTHEWAY330KV
Thecleaningitselfwillconsistoffellingandstumpremovaloftreesandothervegetationaswellas
thedemolitionandremovalofdebrisacrossthewidthoftheROWor
34meithersideoftheaxisofthelineofhouses,sheds,barnsandstables,etc..,TheContractorshall
notremoveanytypeofbuildingorartifactmadebyhand,withouttheauthorizationoftheEngineer
totheOwner.
Beyondthetrenchslaughter,anytreelocated3minheightequalsthedistancebetweenthefootof
thetreeandtheverticalplanepassingthroughthedrivernearesttobeshotaftergettingthe
necessarypermissionoftheEngineertotheOwner.
Nocleaningisrequiredfortrees,cropsandothervegetationofcommercialvalueincluding:
Themaximumheightatmaturitydoesnotexceed3mwithintheROWor
themaximumheightatmaturitydoesnotexceed7moutsideoftheROW
Thedestructionoffoodcropsandannualplantationshouldbeminimizedbycuttingone(1)meter
awayfromthewidthofthecenterlineofcultivatedland.Whilecleaningawidthexceedingone(1)
metercroplandmustbeconstructedonlywithwrittenpermissionoftheEngineerandperformas
soonaspossibleafterharvest.
Thelocationsofthetowers,especiallybetweenthelegsofthetowers,alltrees,bushesorother
vegetationthatisgreaterthan2mshouldbecutasclosetotheground.Aftercleaning,thestem
shouldnotexceed10cmabovegroundlevel.
Allremovedmaterialshouldbeleftstackedincords,burnedordisposedasdirectedbytheEngineer
totheOwner.Pilesofbrush,logsoraccumulatedmaterial,mustbelocatedasufficientdistance
fromthelocationsoftowersforthefollowingconstructionoperationsaredelayedinanyway.
Furthermore,thelocationofmaterialsremovedwhichcanbeburned,shallinnocircumstances
endangerthestoredtimber,logsretrieved,cropsandotherpropertyonorofftheROW.
TheincinerationofmaterialsremovedmustbemadeonlywithwrittenpermissionoftheEngineer
totheOwner.TheContractorwillberesponsibleforthefiring,controlandextinguishingofalllights
andassumeanycompensationfordamagesufferedasaresultoftheincineration.
17ACCESSROADS330KV
Theconstructionofaccessroads,asfaraspossible,remainswithintheinfluenceofthetransmission
lineandtheclosesttothepylons.
TheContractorshallobtainfromlandownersandlocalagenciesinvolvedallnecessaryaccess
permitsandthoserequiredfortheconstructionofthetransmissionlinewithinthewaydefined
above.Ifproblemsoccur,theContractorshallattempttoresolveamicablywiththepartiesinvolved.
AfterpreliminaryapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwner,inapreliminaryengineeringphase,the
Contractorshallarrangeallpointsofthelineandaccessroadsincludingownersandinterestedparts
orskinsThenpreparetheaccesscardsforafinalagreementandapprovaloftheEngineertothe
Owner.
TheContractorshallconstructanaccessroadalongthecommontransmissionlinecompletewithall
partsofroadsconnectedtoit.Workwillincludecreatinganaccesspathtothedifferentlongitudinal
lineofpylonsandaccesstrackscrosstoquicklyreachthedifferentpointsofthelinefrommain
roads.Thesetrackswillbeproperlyleveledandincludeasufficientsideclearanceofvegetation.
Duringconstruction,roadsandpaths,usedinconjunctionwithlandowners,mustremainpassableat
alltimes.Allopeningsinwallsandfencesofprivatepropertymustbeequippedwithlockabledoors
orgatesaccessiblebytheContractorandownersoftheland.
Roadsandaccesstracksshallbeequippedwithlightstructurescrossingseasonalstreams(riffles,
gabions,bridges,culvertsburiedwithheadprotectionnozzles)andremainaccessibleeveninthe
rainyseason.
Whenthenewaccessroads/maintenanceofexistingroadsintersect,theContractorshallvisitto
viewthestatusofexistingroutesandfamiliaritywiththerequiredchanges.Itmustverifythe
locationofallaccessroads/existingmaintenancepriortoconstruction.
TheContractorshallprepareandsubmittotheengineer'sapprovaloftheContractingAuthority,the
relevantplansanddetailsshowingthesequenceandmethodofconstructingaccessroads/
maintenanceofthetransmissionline.Theplansmustincludetheequipmenttobeused,access
routesfromexistingonesanddetaileddesignofaccessroads/maintenance.
Allaccessroads/maintenancepermanentandmustbedesignedtowithstandenvironmental
conditionsthroughoutthedurationoftheconstructionoftheline.Theywillbereadyonthedateof
completion.
Allaccessroads/maintenancepermanentandmustbebuiltinareaswherethereisnoriskof
landslideorerosion,unlesstheContractorprovidesthenecessaryprotectionandpreventive
measurescounteracttheerosionsothattheroadsremainfullyoperational.
Accessroads/maintenancemusthaveagravelbaseofatleast200mm.TheContractorshall
provideunitratestoprovidethegravelforaccessroads.TheContractorshallhavetheengineer's
approvaloftheContractingAuthoritytoundertakethework.
TheContractorshallpreventexcessivestrippingnearorinthevicinityofaccessroads/maintenance
inordertostabilizeslopesandpreventerosioncausedbywaterfromheavyrainfall.Temporary
constructionareasofdepositorstoragemustbeapprovedbytheEngineertotheOwner.
Allaccessroads/maintenancewillbecleanedandfreeofdebris,organicmaterialorother
deleteriousmaterialsandinadequate.Allaccessroads/maintenancemustbeapprovedbythe
EngineertotheOwner.
TheContractorshalltakeallnecessarymeasuresforaccessroads/maintenanceshallinclude
provisionsfordrainageofwaterduetoheavyrainfallintropicalclimates.Thedrainagewatermust
beapprovedbytheengineer.
18mitigationsENVIRONMENTALMEASURES330KV
Theimplementationofmeasurestoreducetheimpactofconstructionontheenvironment(soils,
rivers,agriculture),humanpopulationandwildlifemustbeplannedforallconstructionoperations.
Themajormitigationmeasurestobeappliedduringconstructionoftransmissionlineswillcomply
withtherecommendationsofthemanagementplanandenvironmentalandsocial,asappropriate,
therelocationplanpopulations,assubmittedbytheMasterofbook.Thiswillincludeare:
Soilprotection:
Avoidconstructioninsensitiveareasduringtherainyseason;
Limitthenumberoflanesandmovementofequipmentinworkareas;
Limitinterventiononsoilvulnerableandsusceptibletoerosionbyusingappropriateequipment.
Protectionofstreams:
Provideaprotectiveperimetergreaterthan50maroundtheshoresofriverssusceptibletoerosion.
Thisrestrictionappliestoallwork.Nostructureswillbeerectedinsidethisperimeter.Preservethe
canopyofshrubsaswellasstemandrootsoftreescutinaradiusof50m.
Agricultureintherainyseason:
Useexistingroadstoaccesstheworkareaormovealongtheedgesofcultivatedfields.Onceinthe
workarea,indicatinganaccessroad.Theworkmustbeconductedsoasnottodamagecrops.Check
withthefarmeronthefieldswheretrafficispermitted;
Selectuncultivatedlandoroflowerqualityforcablepulling,thespaceusedmustbeminimized.
Forestorbush:
Clearlydefinetheareasofcuttingtoreducedeforestation;
Maintainvegetativecovertopreventwinderosion.Designingpathsanddetour,incooperationwith
thecompetentauthorities,forhighwaystobeaccessibletothepublic.
Inhabitedareas:
Repairanydamagecausedtoprivateproperty.Attheendofconstruction,cleanandrestoreorder
towhathasbeendamaged;
Anyinterventioninprivatepropertymustbeapprovedbythelandowner.
Respect,asmuchaspossible,theworkschedulepresentedtothelocalpopulation.Ensurethesafety
ofresidentsandspectatorsduringtheconstructionbytakingappropriatemeasures(fence
installation,supervision,etc.).Informpeopleaboutthedangerstheyfacedeathiftheytrytoremove
portionsofthepylonorclimbon
structures;
Duringconstruction,providearchaeologicalmonitoringofworkareas,suspendallactivitiesinthe
caseofadiscoveryandimmediatelynotifytheEngineer;
Payparticularattentionwhenthegriprunsnearbytownsandvillages.contamination:
Sealallboreholesattheendofconstruction;
Takeallnecessaryprecautionstopreventspillswhenthesupplyofvehiclesandfuelequipment.
Prohibitthesupplywithinaradiusof60metersnearariver,evenifthetankisdry.Haveonhanda
supplyofabsorbentmaterialandsealedcontainertouseforrecoveryofoilresiduesandwastesin
thecaseofaspill.Disposalofthesewastesmustbedoneonsitesthatmeetthestandardssetby
environmentalauthorities.Haveacontingencyplanforspills;
Avoiddrivingmachinerynearpotablewaterandotherwatersources.Identifyaprotectionarea.
Crossingsafetymeasures:
TemporaryprotectionfacilitiesshallbedesignedandprovidedbytheContractor,forroad
crossings,pipelineandtransmissionlines,andgenerallywherevertheprotectionofthepublicand
otherforcedrequiressuchmeasures.Theproposedsafetymeasuresmustbesubjecttotheapproval
oftheEngineertotheOwnerandlocalauthoritiesconcerned.
19CONSTRUCTIONFOUNDATIONS330KV
19.1Excavation
Thebottomofexcavationmustbestable,perfectlylevelinordertointroducetheverticalflangesof
theanglesandobtainacorrectsurface.Thedepthoftheexcavationwillbeadjustedaccordingly.If
anexcavationdeeperthanprovednecessary,cleantheconcretewillbeplacedatthebottomofthe
excavationtobringittothedesiredlevel.
Excavationsshouldbekeptdryduringinstallationoffoundations.Wheneveritisnecessaryorifthe
engineeroftheClient'srequest,theContractorshallagaincleartheaccumulatedmaterialin
excavationspreviouslyprepared.
Operationsofexcavation,formwork,orpumpingofwaterarepartoftheactivitiesrequiredforthe
constructionoffoundationsandtheircostisincludedinthetenderedcost.
Theslopesofthetrencheswillbeexcavatedsuitablematerialsandtemporarysupportsshouldbe
placedatappropriatelocationsforshoringandretainingwalls.
TheContractorshalltakethenecessarystepstoensurethatallexcavationsremainopenforaslong
aspossible.Itshouldalsobecarefultoavoidaccidents(occurringespeciallyatnight)resultingfrom
excavationsuncoveredandwithoutasafeguard.Securitymarkupwillbeinstalledaroundthe
excavationbeforebackfilling.
19.2Confirmationofthesoilandthefoundationselected
Duringtheexcavation,itispossiblethattheengineeroftheClientand/ortheContractorconsiders
thatthesoilinplacedoesnotmeetthecriteriaestablishedinthephaseofthestudyandfoundation
selectedisnotreallyadequate.Inthiscase,theContractorshall,withapenetrometerorvaneorany
othermethodand/orinstrumentapprovedbytheengineeroftheClient,measurethesoilbearing
capacityinplacetoconfirmthechoiceoffoundationinitiallyselected.Inthecasewherethechoice
offoundationselectedisconfirmed,constructionwillprogressasnormal.
Iftheinitialchoicecannotbeconfirmed,theengineeroftheprojectownermayrequesttheuseofa
moreappropriatefoundationorredothestudyofsoilinthesamemethodoriginallyused.Thisnew
studywillbeconductednearthelocationofthepylon,inundisturbedsoil,withnoextracharges.
19.3Backfill
Backfillingofexcavationsshallbemadeafterinspectionandapprovalofthefoundationbythe
engineertotheOwner.Entireembankmentfoundationpylonswillbeprotectedinanapproved
mannersothatitisnotcausedbyrunoff.Atthetowersite,thesurfacemustbetiltedfromthelegs
ofthetowertoallowforproperdrainage.Thisworkmaynotbeanadditionalcost.
Thetopsoffoundationsshallbelocated30cmabovethenaturalgroundandendinginapointwith
anappropriateslopetopreventwaterstagnation.Infloodproneareas,topsoffoundationsshallbe
located30cmabovethehighestwaterlevelsothatthemetalpartsareneversubmerged.
Theexcavatedsoilwillbeusedasbackfillifitsuseisappropriate.Therockandearththatitisnot
possibletocompactmustbeclearedattheexpenseoftheContractorandreplacedwithfillmaterial
satisfactorytotheEngineertotheOwner.Thematerialsmustbecompactedtoadensityof95%
modifiedProctorasspecifiedinASTMD698(MethodA).
Excavatedmaterialsuitableasbackfillshallbedepositedinasuitablearea.Thesurplusexcavated
materialshallbeloadedandtransportedinanapproveddisposalarea.
Thebackfillshouldbeplacedinlayerswithathicknessofapproximately20cm,oronasuitable
thicknesstothemaximumdiameterofthematerials.Eachlayermustbecarefullycompactedafter
wettinginformationifnecessary.UnlessotherwisedirectedbytheengineeroftheClient,materials
withadiametergreaterthan10cmwillnotbetolerated.
Inthecasewhereanormalconsistencyofconcreteisused,thefillingshouldnotbeperformed
within7daysofcasting.Ifanacceleratorisused,backfillwillbepermittedafter8hoursoflayingof
concrete.
19.4Installationoffoundations
Beforeanywork,theContractorwillidentifyareasofsupportandaxesdigginglinestokeepthe
exactdirectiondefinedbythepicketbooksandgetaperfectlycorrectpositionofeachbracket.
TheContractorshallprovideplansshowingthelocationsandlevelsofsoilfoundations.Itwill
identifytheirpositionsonsiteifnecessary.TheContractorshallbesolelyresponsibleforthe
accurateimplantationoffoundations.
Thesettingofthebasesshouldbedonebyanapprovedmethod(usingtemplatesortheodolites).
Thepermissibletolerancesontheadjustmentofthebaseswillbe:
Thedistancebetweenthetopofthebasesandtherealaxisalignmentshallnotexceed
15cm;
Thedistancesbetweenthetopsofthebasesshouldnotbedifferentfromthevaluesshownonthe
plansofmakingmorethan1cm.
19.4.1Anchors
Groutsealing
Thegroutsealerwillhavethefollowingcharacteristics:
rapportciment/eauexpressedbyweight"0.4;
compressivestrengthafter28days:notlessthan30MPa.
Whenmeetingwithcavities,loadedwithsandgroutwillbeused.Thisgroutwillpresentthe
requiredcompressivestrengthis30MPa.Theuseofgroutorexpandingothertopicswillbesubject
toapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwner.
Executionofdrilling
Theboreholediameterwillrangetypicallybetween1.5and2timesthediameteroftheanchorbar;
Boreholeswillhavealengthequaltothatoftheanchorboltmore
100mm;
Alldrillingwillbeblownwithcompressedairinjectedatthebaseoftheholebeforecementing;
Thedrilledholeswillbesealedatthetoptostartcementingoperations.
Cementingandsettingupbars
Beforeimplementation,thebarswillbecleanedsoastobefreeoflooserust;
Thegroutwillbesetupfromthebottomdrillusingametaltube;
Thebars,afterinstallation,willbeprotectedtopreventmovementofthebartothegrout.Anybar
remainedmobileaftertakingwillbeuprooted.Theholewillthenberedrilledattheexpenseofthe
Contractor,andanewbarwillbesetup.
19.4.2Concretework
TheContractorshallprovideallmaterialsandequipmentnecessaryconstructionandtransportation,
laborandallotherservicesandresourcesrequiredtoperformtheworkincluding:
Dosing,mixing,transportation,manufacturing,consolidationandimplementation;
Formwork,strippingandsurfacefinishing;
Askallreinforcingsteel;
sealed,ifrequired,allitems,ifsuppliedanderectedbyhimselforbyothers,inaccordancewiththis
specificationanddrawings.
ThecementisPortlandcementinprinciplecomplieswiththerequirementsofASTMC150or
equivalent,exceptinthecaseofcementuseincorrosiveorreactiveaggregates.Usingacement
suitableforthesespecialcaseswillbeproposedbytheContractortotheEngineertotheOwnerfor
approval.
Cementmaybedeliveredinbulkorinplasticbagsclearlymarkedwiththemanufacturer'sname,
andmustbecarefullystoredinahangarwithawaterprooffloororinsilosofapprovedpattern,
generallylocatedneartheconcreteplant.Everydeliveryofcementmustbestoredinaseparate
compartmentofpreviousorders.Inaddition,thecementmustbeusedintheorderinwhichitwas
delivered.Anycementthathashardenedorexpiredshouldnotbeusedandmustberemovedfrom
thesiteimmediately.
AllaggregatesshallconformtotherequirementsofASTMC33inallaspectsandshouldbesubjectto
appropriatetests.ThesetestswillbebytheContractoratthestartofworkand,thereafter,
whenevertheEngineertotheOwnerconsidersitnecessary,particularlywhenpotentialchangeof
sourcematerials.NogranulescanbeusedwithouttheapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwner.
Aggregateswithinappropriatecharacteristicsshouldnotbeusedintheworkandmustberemoved
fromthesiteimmediately.
Thefineaggregateshallbeclassifiedwithinthelimitsspecifiedinclause6ofASTMC33,whilethe
coarseaggregateshallmeettherequirementsofClass57ofTable2ofASTMC33.
Theteststobeperformedperiodicallyoneachclassofaggregateandcorrespondingfrequencyare
giveninASTMC33.
TheContractorshallprovideevidencethattheaggregatessuppliedunlikelytodevelop,withthe
cementproposedtypereactionalkalisilicaoralkalicarbonate,commonlyknownas"Alkali
reaction".TheContractorshallalsoensurethatthesandwillnotcontainorganicmatter.
Thevariousfractionsoffineandcoarseaggregatemustbestoredseparatelyandthemixturesoas
toavoiddustintheconcrete.Aggregatesshallbehandledsothatsegregationisavoided.The
proportionsoffineandcoarseaggregatemustbeadaptedtothemanufactureofadenseconcrete
properhandling,theproportionsofcementcontainingwaterandappropriate.Thisproportionwill
besubjecttotheapprovaloftheengineer.
Waterusedinmixingconcrete,mortarandgroutshouldbecleanandfreeofharmfulquantitiesof
oil,acid,alkali,salt,organicmaterialandothersubstancesthatcandamagetheconcreteandsteel.
Themortarcubesmadewithnonpotablewatermustberatedat7and28daysnolessthan90%of
thestrengthofsimilarspecimensmadewithpotablewater.
Foruse,theContractorshallprovideforapprovalofanyadjuvant,arecordshowingcompatibilityof
theadmixturewithothercomponentsofconcrete,theirinfluenceonthewatercontentatconstant
workability,theireffectontheconsistencywatercontentequalto,thestarttimeandendofsetting
ofcementpaste,themechanicalstrengthoftheresultingconcrete.Thetestswillbemadetothe
proposedoptimaldosageanddosinghalfanddoubletheoptimaldosage.
Thewaterreducingadmixtures,retardersandaccelerators,shallconformtoASTMC494.Theair
entrainingadmixturesshallconformtoASTMC260.
19.4.3PreparationofConcrete
AfilewillbesubmittedtotheEngineertotheOwnershowingthatexpectedforconsistency,the
compositionproposedbytheContractorandthemeansofconstruction,includingconcretemixers,
willproduceaconcretemeetingthespecifications.
NoimplementationofconcretewillnotbeginuntiltheapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwner.
ConcreteshallconformtotherequirementsofASTMC94.
TheContractorshallsubmittheconcretecompositionstotheengineertotheOwnerinsufficient
timetoavoiddelayingthestartofwork,giventhetimeneededtostudyevents.
Beforethestartofconcretingandafterheverifiedthattheelementstobeembeddedinthe
concrete(reinforcement,sealingstrips,anchors,etc..)Andtheformsareproperlyplacedand
securedandthatallsurfacestobeincontactwiththeconcretetobeprepared.
Allconcreteshouldbemixedwithmixers.ThetypeofmixermustbeapprovedbytheEngineerto
theOwner.
Theconcreteslumpshouldbebetween25and50mmcorrespondingtoaplasticconsistency.
Whenthemaximumtemperatureexceed30C,specialprecautionsmustbetakentothe
satisfactionoftheEngineertotheOwner,tocooltheaggregatesandmixingwaterandtomaintaina
water/cementratio.Thesespecialarrangementscanbe:
Wateringandprotectionagainstsolarradiationofgravelandpebbles;
Wateringformwork;
Concreteprotectionduringtransportandtheestablishmentagainstsolarradiation.Theconcrete
shouldnotbeperformedwhenthemaximumtemperatureexceed45C.
19.4.4Formwork
Panelsandbracketsbearwithoutexcessivedeformation,theweightofconcrete,framesandparts
tobesealedandtheforcesduetothefalloftheconcrete,itstightening,shockmovingequipment,
personnel,changestemperatureandclimaticelements.Jointsbetweenpanelsaretightlaitanceand
ensuresatisfactorycontinuityofconcretesurfaces.
Beforetheintroductionofconcreteintotheform,thesurfacecasingmustbenooverlaymortar,
grout,rustorotherforeignmaterial.Beforeanyconcrete,thesurfacecasingmustbeoiledwitha
commercialoilthatwillnotleaveanymarksontheconcretesurface.
Theformswillnotbemovedorremoveduntiltheconcretehasgainedsufficientstrengthtosupport
itsownweightandconstructionloadsthatmightapply.Nostrippingwillbeallowedearlierthan24
hours.
19.4.5Establishmentandconsolidationofconcrete
Thefoundationswillbepouredallatonce.Thetimesofconcretingshallnotbepermitted,except
withtheconsentoftheEngineertotheOwner.Aftermixing,noadditionofwaterduringconcreting
willbetolerated.
Theconcretewillbeinplaceandtightenedtopreventmovementofformwork,reinforcementparts
andsealedorsealed.Thedropheightofconcreteshallnotexceed1.00m.
allconcreteshallbecompactedwithvibrators.Thenumber,frequencyandpowerofpervibrators
willbeadequateatalltimestoobtainaquickandappropriatecompactingtheentirevolumeofthe
concretetosetup.
Vibratorswillbeintroducedverticallyatregularintervalsintheconcretetobecompacted.Ifthe
layerbeingputinplacecoveringafreshlycompactlayer,thevibratorwillbeloweredabout10cmin
thepreviouslayer.Thepervibratorsbewithdrawnslowlytoavoidleavingavacuum.Thevibration
willcontinueuntiltheriseofairbubblesissubstantiallycompleteandwillceaseattheonsetofmilt
orexcesswater.
19.4.6SurfaceFinish
Unlessotherwiserequestedbytheengineeroftheprojectowner,thefoundationswillexceedthe
floorlevelofatleast30cmatanypoint.Surfaceswillbeprovidedwithslopesfordrainageas
providedontheplansorspecifiedbytheEngineertotheOwner.
Ifthefaceshaveatstrippingsomelocalizeddefects(pileofstones,accidentallyexposedrebar)or
irregularities,theContractorshallnotifytheengineeroftheClientbeforeanypatchingsothatthese
defectsandirregularitiesaresubjecttoafindingcontradictoryandreview.
IfintheopinionoftheEngineertotheOwner,thedefectdoesnotjeopardizethepreservationof
thequalityofthestructure,theContractorwillproposethenecessaryrepairsbeforedefectsin
surfacefinish.
Thepatchingoflocalizeddefectsandholesleftbyformworktiesandwillbemadewithcement
mortaradhesiveandaddedanadditivetopreventshrinkage.
Jointcracks,burrsandirregularitiesincompatiblewiththespecifiedqualityofsidingwillberepaired
attheexpenseoftheContractor.
TheContractorwillprovidethefinishingunformedsurfacesuponcompletionoftheconcretebefore
theconcretehardens.Thefinishwillbeconductedatthesimplerule,thevibratingscreed,wood
float,etc..,Orwithanymeanstoobtaintherequiredquality.Therulesguidingdevicesandtheir
supportsshallbesubjecttotheapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwner.
19.4.7ConcreteCure
Theexposedsurfacesofconcretewillbekeptmoistfor7dayswithoneofthefollowingmethods:
Coverhorizontalsurfacesbyalayerofsand,burlaporotherabsorbentconstantlykeptwet;
Wateredcontinuouslymaintainingacontinuousflowofwaterontheconcrete;
Afterwatering,coverwithawaterproofmembrane;
Applicationofacuringcompound.
Theuseofacuringwillbepermittedforsurfacestoreceivenewconcretewithoutraisingnewand
preparationforsurfaceswhoseappearancecouldbedamagedbythecuringcompound.Thecuring
compoundshallconformtoASTMC309(Type2),andtheirmethodofapplicationmustbeapproved
bytheEngineertotheOwner.Generally,twocoatsofcuringshouldbeappliedtoallsurfacesof
freshconcrete.Thecurewillbeginasearlyaspossibleaftertheestablishmentofconcreteforthe
partiesUnformedandimmediatelyafterstrippingforpartsformedconcrete.
Costsforthesupplyandinstallationofallmaterialsandproductsusedfortreatmentofconcrete
shouldbeincludedintheunitpriceforthefoundations.
19.4.8Testsonfreshandhardenedconcrete
TheContractorshallprovideallnecessaryequipmentandlaborandallotherservicesandresources
requiredtoconductfieldsamplingofconcrete.ThetestspecimensshallbeinaccordancewithASTM
C31.Whiletestingcompressivestrengthofhardenedconcreteshouldbeperformedaccordingto
ASTMC39.
Ateachsampling(byacasting),thefollowingtestswillbeperformed:
Foursetsofthreespecimensfordeterminingthecompressivestrengthtestofconsistency(slump);
Atemperaturemeasurement;
Densityoffreshconcrete.
AdditionaltestsmayberequiredbytheEngineertotheOwnerwhentheconsistencyofconcrete
variessignificantly.
Thetestwillbedeemedconclusivestudyandcompositionofconcreteacceptedifthefollowing
conditionsaremet:
Theaverageoffiveconsistencyresultsiswithintherangespecified;
Eachmeasurementisgreaterthan0.85fc.
19.5Tolerances
Allfoundationsmustbeputinplacepreciselytotheirspecificplace,theallowabletoleranceswillbe:
Thetopofthebasesshouldbeinthesameplane.Themaximumdifferenceinlevelbetweentwo
basesmustnotexceed3mm.
Fittingtolerancesofthebaseofthetowerbetweentwobases:
onthediagonal:10mm
laterallytothetower:5mm
TemplatesforpositioningtimingapprovedfootingsandbasesshallbefurnishedbytheContractor
andshallbeusedwhenevernecessary.
Thealignmentgap,dimensionsandsizeofstructuresinrelationtoestablisheddimensionsof
alignmentmustbecorrected.Ifnotpossible,structuresshallbewithdrawnandreplacedbythe
Contractor.
19.6Earthingoftowers
TheContractorshallprovideandinstallequipmentgroundedinaccordancewiththisspecification
section11.Alltowersshallbegroundedpermanentlyandeffectively.
20FITTINGTHETOWERS330KV
TheContractorshallerecttowersinaccordancewithdetaileddrawingsandconstructionapproved.
Thetowersmustbecompletedwithallaccessoriesinplaceincludingtheassemblybolts,boltstight
levelssafelybeforeworkanddrawcableadjustmentbegins.Nomountingbracketonitsfoundation
shallnottakeplacebeforeaminimumperiodof7daysaftertheestablishmentofconcreteofthe
foundation,exceptinspecialengineeringoftheprojectowner.
20.1HandlingandStorage
Warehouseandonsiteinstallation,allsteelstructuresshouldbekeptwithoutdirectcontactwith
theground,underconditions.Galvanizedweaponsmaterialswillbehandledandmountedsoasto
maintainaperfectsurfaceandpreventdeformationoftheparts.
Thebarsshouldnothappenintheplacesofstoragesdeformed.Itwillnotbeacceptedas
consequencesoffaultyloadingorasaresultofdamageduringtransportorduetoinadequate
packaging,deformationsofinflectionallength.Asfortorsionaldeformations,theywillnotbe
accepted.
Boltsandwashersshallbepackagedindrumsequippedwithalltheinformationenablingthe
identificationofthematerial.
TheContractorshalltakeallappropriatemeasurestopreventtheelementsofthetowersstayinthe
mud,etc...
Allsurfacerust,saltorothercorrosivematerialabroad,filedbeforeorduringinstallationofthe
towersmustberemovedwithoutcausingdamagetosurfaces.
20.2MountingProcedure
Theassemblywillbecarriedouteitherinadvance,thatistosay,elementbyelementwiththeaidof
aliftingmastwhichismovedgraduallyintothebarrelofthetower,ortothecranewhichallowsthe
liftingtowerpreviouslyassembledontheground.
Duringhandlingandinstallation,theContractorwillusethesafeguardsnecessarytoprevent
damagetothetowerelements,includingthegalvanizingofferrousparts.
ThemethodofmountingthepylonswillbesubjecttotheapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwnerand
willbesuchthatatnotime,noroomisrequestedbeyonditselasticlimit.
Jointsandofthemastelementsmustbeliftedinamannernottobedraggedontheground.The
Contractorshalltakeallnecessarymeasurestopreventslippageoftheelementsofthetowerone
againsttheother.
Thecontactsurfacesoftheflangesatthejointsmustbecleanbeforeassembly.
Allbarsbent,twistedorbentduringinstallationworkmustbecorrectedattheexpenseof
Contractor.
Aftereditingandrevision,thelackofverticalityoftowershallnotexceed5mmpermeter,
regardlessoftowerheight.
20.3Tighteningbolts
Duringinstallationoftowers,theboltsaretightenedtothetorquewrench.Aftercompleteerection
ofthemast,thenutsASTMA394boltsshallbetightenedaccordingtoTable201.
Table 20-1: Tightening bolts

Diameterofbolts(mm) Torque (kg - cm)
12 500 - 600
16 1,000 - 1,200
20 1,400 - 1,800
Torque values ofboltsotherthanASTMA394shallbesubjecttoapprovaloftheEngineerto

theOwner.

The wrenches used for tightening of bolts should be subject to the approval of the Engineer to
the Owner. The use of any key that can deform the nut or damaging the galvanizing will not
be permitted.

If the Contractor does not use cons-nuts or washers, it must break the thread of the bolt to the
surface of the nut after it has been tight.

In addition to cutting the threads, bolts located below the anti-scaling device must be welded
to nuts in order to prevent theft of the angles. The Contractor may propose wheel nuts

20.4 Defective Parts

Weapons materials will be assembled according to the vendor installation drawings duly
approved by the Engineer to the Owner. No faulty hardware will be implemented.

If manufacturing defects in the steel parts are discovered, the Contractor shall notify the
Engineer of the Employer will determine whether these defects can be corrected on site or if
parts must be returned to the manufacturer for correction or replacement at the expense of the
Contractor.

No additional fitting, not shown on circuit diagrams, shall be permitted. The bore holes for
the correction of errors plant will not be allowed.

20.5 Parts damaged

The Contractor is liable for damages that would be caused to parts up to take possession of
the line, it will be required to repair such damage at its expense by corrections if the engineer
of the project owner's permission, or by replacement of rejected parts with identical parts
original. All parts of the towers should be clean and straight. And can not be mounted parts
whose spire exceeds +2/1000 of the distance between nodes for parts compressed or +
6/1000 for parts strained.
20.6 Damage to the galvanizing

It must at all costs avoid damaging the galvanizing because its repair will not ever equivalent
to the original hot-dip galvanizing. In cases of unavoidable and accidental damage,
galvanizing can be repaired as follows.

For areas of the elements in place of towers that have undergone a slight alteration of the zinc
coating during assembly, a restoration will be authorized by editing using a zinc rich paint
approved. These refinements will be made as follows:

Removing rust with sandpaper or wire brush areas where corrosion appears and dandruff
zinc nonadherent. Cleaning solvent and wipe. Treatment with phosphoric acid will be
banned;

Application of one or two coats of paint above (minimum thickness of dry film: 100 microns
and% zinc "85) to be implemented according to the supplier's instructions.

The holes drilled on site will be painted as described above prior to assembly of components.
The parts would be seriously damaged galvanizing shall be rejected.

20.7 Signs of towers and accessories

The Contractor shall install warning signs and anti-climbing devices on all towers, plate
tracking helicopter must be installed on the corner towers and all towers such as 10 specified
in the drawings and approved by Engineer to the Owner.

20.8 Special fittings for the transposition

The transposition of phases will be conducted in accordance with plan No. 016742
transposition -
5100-43-DD-0018. There must be transpositions on line 330 kV Sakt - Togo-Benin border.
The exact points of transposition will be determined by the Contractor.

All special fittings may be required will be provided in accordance with the approved design.
`The Contractor shall tender all special fittings and accessories for any transposition along the
line. The burgundy price was adjusted accordingly.
21INSTALLINGTHECHAINSOFINSULATORSANDACCESSORIES330KV
21.1Insulators
Insulatorsshallbepackedinstrongwoodenboxesandmustbedeliveredonsiteintheiroriginal
containers.Theyshouldnotbeunwrappeduntilreadytouse.
Theinsulatorstringsandaccessoriesshallbeassembledaccordingtotheassemblydrawingsofthe
supplierdulyapprovedbytheEngineertotheOwner.Nofaultyhardwarewillbeimplemented.No
isolatorshallbemountedinchainsifitssurfacehastheslightestsparkle.Allinsulatorsshallbefree
ofanytraceofmudorotherduringassembly.
Wheninstallingandjustbeforethehanging,theinsulatorsshouldbecleanedthoroughly.Cotterpins
mustbeproperlyplacedandwillbefreefromanydamageordefect.
21.2SuspensionAccessoriesandanchoring
Equipmentandanchorsforsuspendeddrivers,steelcablesandcoveredwithaluminumOPGWwill
behandledandmountedsoastomaintainaperfectsurfaceandpreventdeformationofparts
duringassembly.
Allaccessoriesmustbeinstalledinthepositionshownonassemblydrawings.Allnuts,consnuts,
washers,cotterpins,etc.foraccessories,shallbeinstalledinthecorrectorder.Checkingthe
consistencyofthepartswithassembliesprovidedisappropriate.Noadditionalpartsnotshownon
assemblydrawingsshallbepermittedwithoutthewrittenapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwner.
AllaccessoriesmustbejudgedpoorlyassembledorassembledagainchangedbytheContractor's
expense.TheContractorisfullyresponsibleforanydamagecausedbytheimproperinstallation.
21.3Fittingsanchorandcompressiontypejointsforconductor
Jointsandclampstocompressiontypeshallbeinstalledaccordingtomanufacturer's
recommendations.TheContractorshallsubmittheinstructionsandthedetailedinstallation
procedurefortheapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwner.
Thenumberofjointsandtheirlocationonthebearingmustbeapprovedbytheengineer
Client.
Outsideendsofthelengthsonreels,theuseofsealswillbeavoided.Therewillbenojointsin
crossingroads,railroads,transmissionlines,rivers,etc..
Thedistancebetweenthejointsofasingledrivershouldbenolowerthan100m.Thejointsshallnot
beinstalledwithin15mofsuspensionclamps,orattachedtolessthan
50mofwedgelock.
TheContractorshallmaintainaregisterofalljointsandclampstothelocation,typeandinstallation
dateofeachassembly.
4.21anchoringfittingscompressiontypeandsealstotheshieldwireofaluminumcoatedsteel
Jointsandclampstothecompressiontypeforguardcablesteelcoatedwithaluminummustalsobe
installedinaccordancewiththerequirementsofSection21.3.Theprocedureisthatrecommended
bythemanufacturer.
21.5RepairSleeves
Intheeventofcabledamage,theContractorshallsubmitarepairmethodtoengineertheproject
owner,thismethodinvolvestheinstallationofanormaljointorrepair,orcutsomelengthsof
cables.
Tothisend,theshellsofrepairmustbeusedtorepairminordamagetodriverwhennotmorethan
twosonoftheouterlayerarebroken.Theseshellswillalsobeusedtorepairthedamageofthe
aluminumcoatingofthecableguardandshouldnotbeusedwheresteelportionisdamagedor
broken.Theuseofshellrepairmustbeverylimitedandcanbedoneonlywiththewrittenapproval
oftheEngineertotheOwner.
21.6liningsprotection(Armorrods)
Protectiveliningsmustbeinstalledaccordingtomanufacturer'srecommendations.
Theprotectiveliningshallbeplacedinthecenterofthesuspensionclampwithatoleranceof50
mm.
Thecontactsurfacesmustbecleanandfreefromharmfulmaterialspriortoinstallation.
21.7Vibrationdampers
Thevibrationdampersmustbeinstalledimmediatelyafterthedrawcables.Theshockabsorbers
mustbelocated,installedandtightened,asrecommendedbythemanufacturer.
Beforeinstallation,allbuffersshouldbethoroughlycleanedandinspected.Nopermanent
deformationofthespringsorclipsareallowed.
21.8SpacerDampers
Thespacerdampersmustbeinstalledaccordingtomanufacturer'sinstructions.Thespacingofthe
spacerdampersmustbesubmittedtotheEngineertotheOwnerforapproval.
Installationcanbedonefrommobilecartsattachedtothedriver.Cartsandallaccessoriesmustbe
suppliedbytheContractor.Themethodofinstallation,drawingsanddescriptiveinformationcarts
willbesubjecttotheapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwner.
Thespacerdampersshouldbeinstalledimmediatelyaftertheprocessofclampingtheconductors
hasbeencompleted.
22KV330Conductorunwinding
22.1General
Thegroundingofalltowersmustbemadepermanentandeffective.Alsotheresistanceof
groundingrequirementsmustbemetbeforestartingtheworkofunwindingofdrivers.
TheContractorshallplacethecablesandadjustingthearrowconductorsinaccordancewithIEEE
Std.524andmanufacturer'srecommendations,takingintoaccountthespecificationsanddrawings.
Driversmustbetakensimultaneouslyusingonlyonelinedrawing.Afteradjustmentoftheboom,
theattachmentpointsmustbemarkedoneachconductorinamannersatisfactorytotheengineer
totheOwner.Insulatorassembliesshallbetiedtodriversinpointsscoredontheconductors.
Particularattentionshouldbepaidduringhandlingandstoragetopreventabrasionorotherdamage
tothecables.Protectiondrumsduringstorage,handlingandtransportwillbesuchthatatthetime
ofthedraw,thedrumsdonotdamagethecablesanddidnodamage.
Itisexpresslyspecifiedthatthecableswillbemaintainedconsistentlyabovethegroundawayfrom
water,dust,mud,metalsurfacesandotherobstructions,andbyintermediatesupportsofproper
height,properlyplacedinsufficientnumbers.
Thewoodenslatsandotherprotectioncoveringthecablesmustberemovedtothesiteandthe
outerlayerofeachdrumshouldbeexaminedbytheContractorinthepresenceoftheengineerof
theClienttoensurethatthecablesareingoodstateandthatthereisnonails,staplesorothersharp
objectsthatmaydamagethecablesduringtheworkofpeeling.
22.2Unwindingcables
Thepeelingandpullingcableswillbemadeundertensionusingawinchandabrake,whichcan
tightenthecableandensuresthatthedriverdoesnottouchthegroundandwillnotbeinginjuredby
contactwithsharpedges.
TheContractorshallsubmit,forapprovaloftheEngineertotheOwneracompleteanddetailed
descriptionofequipmentandproceduresforunwindingcableinstallationandadjustmentofthe
arrow,itprovidestouse.
Laterthantwomonthsbeforethestartofconstructionofcableinstallation,theContractorshall
submitageneralplantoasktheengineerforapproval.Theplanmustdescribetheworkschedule
proposedbytheContractor,thepeelingmethod,themethodoftemporarybracing,thecomplete
listoffacilities,themediaandheplanstouseskilledpersonnelrequiredfortheexecutionofworks.
Inaddition,nolaterthantwoweeksbeforethestartoftheinstallationworkofcablesforeach
districtplacement,theContractorshallsubmittotheengineertotheOwnerforapproval,detailsof
eachcantonisrouted,positionsofthereels,thediameterandshapeofthegrooveofthepulleysof
unwinding,thetensioningtobeusedfortheunwinding,theclampsanddrawingtheexactlengthsof
thecables.
Ateachsiteofunwinding,theContractorshallusegroupsofsixreelsofconductorofthesame
length.Itisveryimportantthatthesecablesareinstalledinthesamesectionline.Therefore,the
Contractorshalltakeallnecessaryprecautionstopreventthemixingofgroupsduringhandlingand
installation.
Unlessotherwiseapprovedbytheengineeroftheprojectowner,theprocessofunwindingand
pullingcablesshouldbestrictlyinaccordancewithrecommendationsofmanufacturerofequipment
forunwinding.Onlyspeciallytrainedlinemen,whoarewelltrainedinhandlingandoperationof
suchequipmentmustbeused.
Reliablemeansofinstantaneouscommunicationmustbeavailablebetweentheteamspullingand
braking,andbetweentheseteamsandallobservationpoststhatcanbeplacedalongtheTownship
poses.
Theequipmentpeelingmustbeadjustedtoavoidcausingexcessiveverticalloadsonthetowers.The
distancetothenearestpylonwhichthecablesmustbeinstalledmustbeselectedinrelationtothe
pulleysandtheequipmentusedpeeling.Thedistanceofthetoweratpullingequipmentisatleast4
timestheheightofclashespointsofthepulleys.Areasonabletolerancemustberespectedtoavoid
accidentalovervoltagecables.
Thepulleysarepeelingmultipleballbearingdesignacceptabletotheunwindingoftwoconductors
simultaneously.Theireffectivediameterwillbechosenaccordinglywiththediameterofthecableto
thephaseconductorandtheshieldwires.TheengineeroftheContractingAuthorityreservesthe
righttoinspectandrejectallpulleyspeelingthathisopinionisnotfunctionalorcandamagethe
driverorhaveadetrimentaleffectonthesagofconductor.
Blockhooksshallbeofuniformlengthsothatdriverswillbemaintainedatthesameheightasthe
suspensionclampsonwhichtheyarehung.Attheendofadjustmentoperations,driverswillthenbe
cutandplacedonapropercoursepinces.Pourwork,pulleyspeelingmustbeinspecteddaily.The
useofdefectiveblockswillnotbepermitted.
Atanytimeduringunwinding,thecablesmustbekeptconstantlyabovetheground(notlessthan2
m),metalfinishingandotherobstacles.Ifitbecomesinevitabletolowerthegroundconductor,a
suitablenonmetalliccoatingmustbeplacedbelow.
Anyportionofacablehavinganyinjurywillbeeliminated.
Unwindingtensionshallnot,atanytimeexceedthevoltageadjustmentofthearrowcorresponding
tomorethan20%.
TheContractorshallensurethattheclipsdrawingorotherhaulingdeviceisanapprovedmodel
whichdoesnotdamageorbendthecablesimproperlyduringtheirunwinding.
Ifforanyreason,unwindingoperationsinprogressmustbestopped,driversmustbeleftinthe
blocksunwinding,buttheirpowermustbeminimized.Iftheinterruptionlastslongerthanoneday,
thenthedriverswillbemoregroundedasasafetymeasure.
Iftheinterruptionlastslongerthan40hoursorifastormyweatherisineffect,thecablesshouldbe
inspectedcarefullytoassessthedamage.Suchinspectionisparticularlytrueellipsiswherethe
cablesareleftinthepulleygrooves.
Duringpullingoperationsandcontrol,cablesandequipmentwillbegroundedtoavoidanyaccident
bylightning.
TheContractorshalltakenecessarymeasuresforthetemporarybracingofthetowers,when
required.Appropriateplates(removable)mustbeinstalledontowerstoattachtemporaryguys.This
typeofoperationshouldbekepttoaminimum.
22.03Drawandsetting
Theoperationsofdrawingandundermechanicaltensionadjustmentwillbeconductedsothatthe
towerswillneverbeoverloaded.Tothisend,itwillbefortheContractortoproduceallthe
necessaryinformation,inparticulartablesmaximaleffortseligibleforthetowersandtheloadcases
considered.
Foragivenrange,tablesandarrowsvoltagemustdisplaythearrowfortemperaturesbetween5C
and60Cinincrementsof5C.
Temperaturesettingarrowshouldbereadfromathermometerinsertedintotheinnerlayersofthe
bareconductor.Thedrivermustbesuspendedintheairwithnojacketandnolessthan3mabove
theground.Temperaturereadingswillbetakenonlyafter20minutesofexposure.
Moreover,thevoltageappliedtothecablesshouldnotexceedthemaximumvoltageshowninthe
tablesaslayingthecableissubjectedtophenomenasuchascreepundertheeffectofstressesto
whichitissubmittedafterinstallation.
TheContractorshallverifythearrowofeachdriverwitharangehavinganaveragelength
approximate(functionallyequivalent).Thearrowsshouldalsobeverifiedinallrangesexceeding600
metersandscopesofangletowersandanticascade.Theintermediaterangesmustbeinspectedby
anarrowuniform.
IftheEngineertotheOwnerwishestoverifythearrowtoanyposition,theContractorshallprovide
assistance,equipmentandqualifiedpersonnel.
Thetownshipsofinstallationshallbelimitedtoallowasatisfactoryfit.Theyshouldnotexceed15
littersor6km(thelengthofthesmallerofthetwo).
Ineachsetting,driverswillbetreatedasuniformlyaspossibletowhattheylaterthesamecreep.To
thisend,thesettingmustbecompletedinoneday(24hours)andforalldriversofagivenportionas
muchaspossible.
Thecontrolvoltageconductorsshouldbesimilarbetweenthecantonsofposesfortheinsulator
stringsprovideanappropriateposition.
TheContractorshallmaintainaregistershowingdetailsoftheadjustmentarrowsdriverinstallation
foreachtownship.
22.4Settingclamp
Aftercompletingtheadjustmentoperationsanddrawing,driversmustbeonclipaccordancewith
approvedprocedures.Theclampstobeofproperlengthtoensurethepowerconductorswithout
bendingorstrandslippageandwithoutrelativeslidingofthesteelcore.Toallowfutureadjustments
possible,abouthalfoftheusablelengthofturnbucklesshouldremainaftertheanchor.
Settingclampmustbemadewithin48hoursaftertheendoftheadjustmentofthearrow,unless
otherwiseapproved,butthecablesmustremaininthepulleyspeelingforaminimumoftwo(2)
hoursbeforeareputontheclipbegins.
Thecableendswillbethoroughlycleanedbeforeintroductionintothejointsorclampsandwill
includecleanedoffat.Tocompressthesleeveswillbefilledwithspecialpaste,accordingtothe
manufacturer'sinstructions.Aftercompression,theanchorclampsandjointsshouldbeasstraight
aspossible.
Thejointsurfacesbetweenthelegoftheclampbodyandtheneckanchordeathmustbecleanand
flat.Tothisend,thetwocontactsurfacesarebrushedinordertoremovethealuminalayerand
coatedwithgreaseorpasteappropriatecontactadvisedbyfittingmanufacturer.
Protectiveliningsmustbeinstalledaccordingtomanufacturer'sinstructions.Theyshouldbe
centeredwithin5cm.Onceinstalled,thedifferencebetweentheendsofrodsshallnotexceed5
mm.
Theclampsaretightenedtothemanufacturer'sinstructions.
Immediatelyaftertheclampon,thetoleranceonthearrowsettingthedrivershouldnotexceed2%
providedthattheclearancefromthegroundspecifiedisachieved.
Thesuspensioninsulatorstringsmustbevertical;thetoleranceonthearrowadjustmentshallnot
exceed30mm.
22.5Communications
Duringtheworkofpeeling,theContractorshallmaintaingoodcommunicationbetweenstaffatall
timesensurethatitclampsdrawingorotherhaulingdevicedoesnotdamageorbendthecables
improperlyduringtheirunwinding.Thestaffthatmonitorstheclipsdrawingmusthavereliable
communicationswiththatassignedtothepositionofunwinding.TheContractorshallprovidea
secondcommunicationsystemincasethefirstsystemfailureoccurs.
23CABLEGUARDunwindingof330KV
23.1General
Thisspecificationestablishestheinstallationsettingsspecifictotheconductor.Thefollowing
specificationssupplementtherequirementsofSection21.
23.2veneer
Thegroundwiremustbeinstalledovertheentirelengthofthetransmissionline.
Toolsandequipmentusedtoinstallthegroundwiremustbesimilartothosespecifiedforthedriver.
Tablesforlayingthegroundwiremustbeincludedwiththosedrivers.
Thegroundwiremustbeinstalledbeforethedrivers.Themethodofunwindingmustbethesameas
thatusedfortheconductors.Thetoolsandequipmentforthepeelingoftheshieldwiremustbe
groundedasthoseofdrivers.Precautionstopreventabrasionorotherdamagetothecableguard
duringhandlingandstoragemustbetaken.AdamagedcablemustbereplacedbytheContractorto
thesatisfactionoftheEngineertotheOwner.
23.03Drawandsetting
Thedevelopmentofguardcablesagwillbedonebeforethedriveraccordingtothearrowand
voltagetables(Tablesinstallation)providedbytheContractor.
Thedrawandadjustmentoftheshieldwiremustfollowtherequirementsspecifiedforthedriver.
23.4Settingclamp
afteradjustingthecablesagguard,settingclipmustbeperformedinthesamemannerasthat
specifiedforthedriver.
Unwindingof24CABLEGUARDOPTIC(OPGW)330KV
24.1General
ThissectiondefinestheinstallationrequirementsthatarespecifictoOPGW,theyareaddedtothose
presentedinSection21.
CaremustbetakentoavoiddamagetotheOPGWduringhandlingoperationsandpeeling.The
Contractorshallensurethattheclipsdrawingorotherhaulingdeviceisanapprovedmodelwhich
doesnotdamageorbendthecablesimproperlyduringtheirunwinding.Likeotherdrivers,usethe
shacklesofconductorsortongsdrawingthatpreventcommunicationcablesfortorsionaleffects
duringtheunwinding.TheOPGWdrumsshouldalwaysbetransportedandhandledinavertical
position.Undernocircumstancesshouldtheybeplacedflatorside.
24.2Installing
TheOPGWmustbeinstalledbeforethedrivers.TheContractorshallsubmit,forapprovalofthe
EngineertotheOwner,thecompleteanddetaileddescriptionoftheequipmentandthepeeling
procedureofinstallationandadjustmentofthearrow.Thisproceduremustbeinaccordancewith
themanufacturerofOPGW.
Thediameterandshapeofthegroovepulleyspeelingandbrakemanusedtounwindingofcable
opticalgroundmustcomplywiththerequirementsofOPGWmanufacturer.
Duringinstallation,theContractorshallpreventcommunication,theeffectsoftorsioninOPGW
demand.TheContractorwillinstallanonrotatingsystembetweenthepullercableopticalground
andswivel.Thissystemshallbeequippedwithnonrotatingcounterweighthavingamasssufficient
topreventrotationofOPGWduringpeeling.
Thepliersandpullinghaulingdevicemustnotdamageorbendthecables.Theuseoffrogsis
prohibitedparalleljawstopullthecableofopticalground.WhensettingtheanchorandtheOPGW,
usetongstodrawthatmeetstherequirementsofthemanufacturerofOPGW.
TheOPGWshouldnotbecutwithscissorsratchetorothertypeoftoolsthatcancompresstheson
ofaluminum.
ThefollowingvaluesmustbefollowedtopreventdamagetotheOPGW:Minimumdiameterofthe
pulleypeeling40xD(OPGW)
Recommendeddiameterofthepulleypeeling70xD(OPGW)Radiusofcurvaturecontinuous(no
voltage)15xD(OPGW)
Unwindingvoltage20%ofthemaximumbreakingstrengthoftheOPGW
24.03Drawandsetting
ThedrawandtheOPGWcableadjustmentwillbemadeinaccordancewitharrowandvoltagetables
(Tablesinstallation)providedbytheContractor.
ApairofcontactsurfacesmustbeusedtosmooththecirculationoftheOPGWtopreventits
damage,andinparticularthecompressionofthesonofaluminum.
24.4Anchoringandclampset
ThesleevesoftheOPGWanchormustbeinstalledonspansandpylonsanchoringlimit.Theyshould
alsobeusedtotoweranglewhentheangleistoolargewhentheuseofsuspensionclampsisnot
recommended.Thesuspensionclampsarenormallyusedforsuspensiontowers.
TheOPGWshouldnotremaininthepulleyspeelingmorethan48hoursafteradjustmentofthe
arrow.
Drawingtheclampswillbeparalleljawtypeandsmoothcontactsurfaces,theywillbeofproper
lengthtoensurethepowercablewithoutfolding.
ThesettingoftheOPGWclampwillbeeffectedbymeansofatrimprotectionattachedtothe
structure.
ThevibrationdampersmustbeplacedontheOPGWimmediatelyafteracrush.
24.5Pointsofconnection
TheconnectionpointsmustbelocatedatthebeginningandtheendofeachdrumOPGW.After
adjustmentofthearrowandwhenhandlingandfixingoftheOPGW,descendingthetowertobe
respectedovertheminimumradiusofcurvatureoftheOPGWprescribedbythemanufacturer.
Immediatelyafterturningonclamp,itwillsettheOPGWalongamainmember.Theclampswillbe
installedjustdownfromthetopofthetowerandstandardinstallationofsplicecase.Themaximum
distancebetweentwoconsecutivedownclampsmustbebetween1.5to2.5m.
Atthefootofthetower,theOPGWbecutinordertomaintainagroundcablelengthofabout20m.
Wecutthelayersofmetalson.However,thestrippedendsofOPGWmustbesealedtopreventnew
mold,thedistancefromtheendwhichisrecommendedbythemanufacturerofthespliceclosure.
GroupseachofOPGWfiberwillbeinsertedintotheslotsintheconnectorringswillbeinstalled,and
fiberopticswillbecombined.Everythingmustbedoneaccordingtothemanufacturer'sinstructions
spliceenclosure.ThehousingandthebottomloopofOPGWlocatedabovetheanticlimbing.
24.6Connectingtheopticalfibers
Theconnectionoftheopticalfibersmustbebyfusion.Thewithdrawaloftheductsandfibercoating
stripping,splittingandmergingmustbeperformedbyaqualifiedteam,shelteredfromtheweather,
withautomatictoolsandequipment,welladjustedandcalibratedtofibertypeOpticaltobe
connected.
Themaximumlossforasplicefusionsplicingmustbelessthan0.15dB.Anymergerwithalossat
splicesabove0.08dBshallberesumed.Thevalueofthelossofafusionspliceristheaverageof
measurementstakeninbothdirections.
Allconnectionsmustbeprotectedusingaheatshrinktubingwithintegratedreinforcement,orany
othermaterial/processhavingequivalentprotection.Anadditionallengthof1.5mshallbe
providedoneachsideoftheconnector,andsafelystoredinthejunctionbox.
CLEANING25,FINALINSPECTIONANDTESTS330KV
25.1General
Attheendoftheworkandbeforecommissioning,theContractorshallimmediatelycleanupthesite
andrepairdamageandtotheperformanceofelectricaltestsinaccordancewiththespecifications
beforereceivingoperationalfacilities.
25.2Cleaning
UnlesstheClientagreestokeepsomefreebuildingsorfacilitiesthattheContractorwouldbe
erectedatthesiteofgeneralfacilities,orotherpointsofthesite,allbuildings,allfacilities,all
materialsmustberemoved,dismantled,destroyed,ifnecessary.Thesitesshouldbemadeclearof
allstructures,platformofconcreteormetal.Therehabilitationofthepremisesshallbeconducted
beforefinalacceptance.
Restorationsitesinclude:
Rehabilitationofirrigationfacilitiestoobtainaplotlookssimilartotheonehehadbeforethearrival
ofContractor;
Restorationofnaturaldrainageinareaswheretemporaryfacilitieswereerectedforconstruction
purposes;
Repairofallfences,gates,etc..,Whichweredamagedduringconstruction;
Rehabilitationofaccessroads.
3.25FinalInspection
AttheendoftheworkandinthepresenceoftheEngineertotheOwnerwillbethefinalinspection
oftheline,duringthisinspection,theContractorshallimmediatelyremedyalldefects,andin
particularensurethat:
Backfillingexcavations,gradingaroundthefoundation,drainagerequirementsforslopingland,the
disposalofsurplusesofland,etc.werecompleted;
Atthetopoftheconcretefoundationsabovethenaturalgroundiscarefullydonetoavoidwater
stagnation;
Theexactdirectionofthelinedrawingandaperfectlycorrectpositionofeachtower;
Accessoriestowers,signs,anticlimbing,etc..arecompleteandproperlyadjusted;
Theperfectalignmentofjointswithoutthepresenceofadditionalfitting;
Repairbypaintingsufferedminordamagetothegalvanizing;
Theinsulatorsarefreefromvisibleforeignmatter,andallunitshaveintegrity;
Thephaseconductorsandshieldwiresareerectedaccordingtoplans,settingclipofthecablesis
performedcorrectly,thevariousaccessories(armorrods,vibrationdampers,spheresmarkup,
braces,suspenders,etc..)Areplaceandspliceboxesareinstalledatspecifiedlocations;
Allblocksunwindingofdriver,hooksandotherequipmentwereremovedfromtheline;
Allbolts,nuts,washersandpins,etc.areproperlyinstalledandtightened;
Thephaseconductorsandgroundwiresarecleanandshownodamage,etc..Themaximumtension
inallcablesisconsistentwiththevaluesshowninTablesinstallationandclearancesaremet;
Accessroads/maintenancearecompletedcorrectly;
Theholdisemptyofobstacles(trees,buildings,etc.).
Theclampingpiecesofgroundareplacedcorrectly.
25.4Testingoffandcommissioning
TheContractorshallorganizeandcarryoutallelectricalteststodemonstratethatthetransmission
lineisreadyforcommissioning.Electricaltestsincludewithoutlimitation:
Measurementofthephasebalance;
Measurementofinsulation;
Measuringtheresistanceofthelinecurrent;
MeasuringtheresistanceoftheACline;
Measuringthereactanceandtheimpedanceofservice;
Measuringthereactanceoftheimpedancephaseandearth;
Directmeasureofcapacity;
Measuringtheresistanceoftheearthofeachtower;
Measurementofzerosequencecapacitance.
FieldtestsrequiredbytheEngineerfortheshieldwiretofiberopticsinclude,butarenotlimitedto
thefollowingtests:
i.Requirementoflossalongtheopticalfiber(weakening)
TheContractorshallmeasuretheattenuationlossperlengthalongtheline.Thefinalmeasuresof
thistestmustbeperformedafterthecommissioningoftheline.Thismeasurementonsitemustbe
comparabletothevalueinitiallymeasuredatthefactoryandmustbelessthanthemaximum
specifiedinthetableoftechnicalcharacteristicsofOPGW"averagelossesperkm."
ii.Lossesatsplices
TheContractorshallmeasurethemaximumlossatsplicesforallconnectionpoints.This
measurementonsitemustbecomparabletothevalueinitiallymeasuredatthefactoryandmustbe
lessthanthemaximumspecifiedinthetableoftechnicalcharacteristicsofOPGW"maximumlossat
splices."Foragivensection,theaveragelossforallconnectionpointsmustnotexceedthevalue
specifiedinthetableoftechnicalcharacteristicsofOPGW"averagelossatsplices."Theresultsof
thesetestsshallberecordedandreferencedtothenumberofpylon.
Qualifiedpersonnelmustbepresentduringtestingwhenthelineisputintoservicesothatitcan
provideassistanceandperformanycorrectiveactionswithrespecttotheperformanceofthe
transmissionline.
AlltestsmustbeperformedinthepresenceoftheEngineertotheOwner.TheContractorshall
providealltools,facilitiesandequipmentandtransportation,skilledlaborandallotherservicesand
resourcesrequiredtoconductthetests.
26SECTION3WORKTO161KV

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TECHNICALSPECIFICATIONSGENERALLINESANDCEB161KV330KV,ANDSPECIFICATIONSFORONLINECEB330

Component Description Length

Torque values ofboltsotherthanASTMA394shallbesubjecttoapprovaloftheEngineerto

20.6 Damage to the galvanizing

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