57/533/CDV

COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)

PROJET DE COMIT POUR VOTE (CDV)
Project number IEC 61850-9-1 Ed. 1.0
Numro de projet
IEC/TC or SC:
TC 57
CEI/CE ou SC:
Date of circulation
Date de diffusion
2001-06-29
Closing date for voting (Voting mandatory
for P-members)
Date de clture du vote (Vote obligatoire
pour les membres (P))
2001-11-30
Titre du CE/SC:
TC/SC Title: Power system control and associated
communications
Secretary: Mr. A. Huber (Germany)
Secrtaire:
Also of interest to the following committees
Intresse galement les comits suivants
TC 14, TC 17, TC 38, TC 65, TC 95
Supersedes document
Remplace le document
57/495/CD 57/532/CC
Horizontal functions concerned
Fonctions horizontales concernes
Safety
Scurit
EMC
CEM
Environment
Environnement
Quality assurance
Assurance qualit
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Titre : Title :
Communication networks and systems in
substations Part 9-1: Specific communication
system mapping (SDCM) Serial unidirectional
multidrop point to point link
Note d'introduction Introductory note
The French NC indicated that it would not
provide a French version of this project. The
CDV is therefore circulated in English only.
ATTENTION
CDV soumis en parallle au vote (CEI)
et lenqute (CENELEC)
ATTENTION
Parallel IEC CDV/CENELEC Enquiry
FORM 7B (IEC)
1999-10-01
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 2
CDV IEC 61850-9-1
Communication Networks and Systems in Substations
Part 9-1: Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM)
Serial Unidirectional Multidrop Point to Point Link
Revision 3.3: May 2001
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 3
List of Contents
FOREWORD 6
INTRODUCTION 8
1 Scope 11
2 Normative References 12
3 Definitions 13
4 Abbreviations 13
5 Principal of Mapping to serial unidirectional multidrop point to point link 14
5.1 Communication Stack 14
5.1.1 Physical Layer 14
5.1.2 Link Layer 15
5.1.3 Network Layer 16
5.1.4 Transport Layer 16
5.1.5 Session Layer 16
5.1.6 Presentation Layer 16
5.2 Restrictions 16
6 Mapping of common types 17
6.1 Object name 17
6.2 Object reference 17
7 Mapping of the model for transmission of sampled measured values 18
7.1 Mapping of predefined sampled measured value control class instances 19
7.2 Mapping of the sampled measured values services 19
7.3 Mapping of the update of the sampled measured value buffer 20
7.4 Additional definitions for the transmission of sampled measured values 21
8 Mapping of the common data classes 23
8.1 Overview 23
8.2 Additional definitions for the mapping of the common data classes 23
Annex A (normative) 25
Definition of data sets 25
Data set for universal use 25
Data set for Status Indications 25
ANNEX B (informative) 26
Overview of Ethernet Frame Structure 28
ANNEX C (informative) 29
Mapping of the data set object names 29
ANNEX D (informative) 34
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 4
List of Figures
Figure 1 Example for general block diagram of an single-phase electronic transducer 9
Figure 2 - Example for electronic transducer configuration 10
Figure 3 - Example for the use of the serial unidirectional multidrop point to point link 11
Figure 4 - Communication Stack 14
Figure 5 Concatenation of several ASDU's into one frame 21
Figure A. 1 Data set for Status Indications 25
Figure B. 1 - Ethernet Frame Format 28
Figure C. 1 IEC 60044-8 Contents of the frame 33
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 5
List of Tables
Table 1 Mapping of the object reference 17
Table 2 Mapping of predefined sampled measured value control class instances regarding
to the transmission of the Universal Data Set according to IEC 60044-8 19
Table 3 Mapping of predefined sampled measured value control class instances regarding
to the transmission of Status Indications 19
Table 4 Mapping of the sampled measured value services 19
Table 5 Encoding for the transmission of sampled measured value buffer. 22
Table 6 Encoding for the universal data set status attributes. 23
Table 7 Encoding for the universal data set sampled measured value. 23
Table 8 Encoding for status indications. 24
Table B. 1 Selection guide for Ethernet physical layer (receiving node) 26
Table B. 2 Selection guide for Ethernet physical layer (sending node) 26
Table C. 1 Mapping of the universal data set object names 29
Table C. 2 Mapping of the status indication data set object names 31
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 6
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
COMMUNICATION NETWORKS AND SYSTEMS IN SUBSTATIONS
Part 9-1: Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM)
Serial Unidirectional Multidrop Point to Point Link
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a world-wide organisation for standardisation
comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to
promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardisation in the electrical and
electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards.
Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject
dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental
organisations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the
International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement
between the two organisations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has
representation from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the
form of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that
sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the
subject of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification
of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting
documentation.
This CDV of the International Standard IEC 61850-9-1 has been prepared by the working
groups 10, 11, and 12 of IEC technical committee 57.
This document is part of the standard series IEC 61850, a set of specifications for
communication networks and systems in substations. At time of publication of this part, the
following parts where intended to be part of IEC 61850:
IEC 61850-1: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 1: Introduction
and overview
IEC 61850-2: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 2: Glossary
IEC 61850-3: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 3: General
requirements
IEC 61850-4: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 4: System and
project management
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 7
IEC 61850-5: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 5:
Communication requirements for functions and device models
IEC 61850-6: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 6: Substation
automation system configuration language
IEC 61850-7-1: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 7-1: Basic
communication structure for substation and feeder equipment Principles
and models
IEC 61850-7-2: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 7-2: Basic
communication structure for substation and feeder equipment Abstract
communication service interface (ACSI)
IEC 61850-7-3: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 7-3: Basic
communication structure for substation and feeder equipment Common
data classes
IEC 61850-7-4: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 7-4: Basic
communication structure for substation and feeder equipment Compatible
logical node classes and data classes
IEC 61850-8-1: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 8-1: Specific
communication service mapping (SCSM) Mapping to MMS(ISO/IEC 9506
Part 1 and Part 2)
IEC 61850-9-1: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 9-1: Specific
communication service mapping (SCSM) Serial unidirectional multidrop
point to point link
IEC 61850-9-2: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 9-2: Specific
communication service mapping (SCSM) For process bus
IEC 61850-10: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 10:
Conformance testing
This forward gives also an overview of the relation to the IEC 60044-8 standard.
IEC 60044-8 defines a merging unit as interface to electrical current and voltage
transducers. Data objects provided by that merging unit are specified in IEC 60044-8. This
standard specifies a serial communication interface between the merging unit and
equipment using the digital output of the merging unit like protection or metering equipment.
For the specification of that serial interface, a part of the abstract communication services
defined in IEC 61850-7-2 are mapped on an ISO/IEC 8802-2 / 8802-3 based communication
link.
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 8
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 61850 applies to electrical current and voltage transducers (ECT and EVT)
having a digital output, for use with electrical measuring instruments and electrical
protective devices.
The transducer technology can be based on optical arrangements equipped with electronic
components, on air core coils (with or without a built-in integrator) or, on iron core coils with
integrated burden and used as a current to voltage converter, alone or equipped with
electronic components.
For digital output, this standard takes into account a point to point connection from the
electronic transducer to electrical measuring instruments and electrical devices.
This mapping allows interoperability between devices from different manufacturers.
This standard does not specify individual implementations or products, nor does it constrain
the implementation of entities and interfaces within a computer system. This standard
specifies the externally visible functionality of implementations.
Reading Guide
The Point to Point transducer interface as defined here is based on the concepts
described in IEC 60044-8. This standard extends this concept and proposes an
alternative link layer. For the definition and measurement of the transducer accuracy,
synchronisation methods, data rates etc. refer to IEC 60044-8.
This document can best be understood if the reader is thoroughly familiar with Parts 7-1,
7-2, 7-3 and 7-4 of this Standard.
The outline of this part follows the structure of the appropriate part 7-x documents.
No explanations to the ACSI services are given in this part of the standard. For detailed
information about the use of the ACSI services refer to part 7-2.
Behind every ACSI Service the appropriate Ethernet Service is defined. If a service is
not supported, this is also indicated.
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 9
General block diagram of electronic transducers
Figure 1 is a general block diagram of an electronic transducer. Depending on the
application, not all of the illustrated blocks must be included in the transducer (see IEC
60044-8).
Primary
current sensor
Secondary
power supply
Primary
converter
Transmitting
system
Primary power
supply
Secondary
converter for use
with a merging
unit
Secondary
converter with
an analogue
voltage output
P1
P2
S1
S2
MR
MR
IV
IV
IV: output invalid
MR: Maintenance request
Figure 1 Example for general block diagram of an single-phase electronic transducer
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 10
General block diagram of electronic transducers with a digital output and the merging unit
Up to seven current transducers and up to five voltage transducers are grouped together
using a merging unit (MU). This merging unit supplies the secondary equipment with a time
coherent set of current and voltage data. Figure 2 gives the maximum configuration.
SC of ECTa (meas.)
Merging unit
SC of ECTb (meas.)
SC of ECTc (meas.)
SC of EVTa
SC of EVTb
SC of EVTc
Digital
output
I
f

r
e
q
u
i
r
e
d
C
l
o
c
k

i
n
p
u
t
P
o
w
e
r
s
u
p
p
l
y
SC of EVT neutral
SC of EVT busbar
SC of ECTa (prot.)
SC of ECTb (prot.)
SC of ECTc (prot.)
SC of ECT neutral
Figure 2 - Example for electronic transducer configuration
Note : SC of EVTa is the secondary converter of the electrical voltage transducer of phase a (see IEC60044-7).
SC of ECTa is the secondary converter of the electrical current transducer of phase a (see IEC60044-8).
The implementation of the merging unit as a standalone device is not a mandatory
requirement and it may be part of the ECT or EVT electronics.
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 11
COMMUNICATION NETWORKS AND SYSTEMS IN SUBSTATIONS
Part 9-1: Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM)
Serial Unidirectional Multidrop Point to Point Link
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61850 specifies the specific communication service mappings for the
communication between bay and process level and specially it specifies a mapping on a
serial unidirectional multidrop point to point link in accordance with IEC 60044-8. The scope
of this part is for the use in substations as a link between electrical current- (ECT) or
voltage-transducers (EVT) and bay devices such as protection. If higher requirements on
sampling rate, inter-bay communication and synchronisation apply these will be covered by
the process bus SCSM IEC 61850-9-2. Figure 3 shows the schematics of this interface.
Merging Unit
Line Protection Bay Controller
Ethernet
Controller
Multiple
Ports
Ethernet
Controller
Ethernet
Controller
Proprietary
Link
Proprietary
Link
Serial unidirectional
Multidrop point to point link
Synchronisation, monitoring, test
and configuration interfaces
Binary Inputs
Figure 3 - Example for the use of the serial unidirectional multidrop point to point link
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 12
2 Normative References
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions
indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to
agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below.
Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
IEC 61850-7-1: Basic communication structure for substations and feeder equipment Part 7-1:
Principles and models
IEC 61850-7-2: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 7-2: Basic
communication structure for substation and feeder equipment Abstract
communication service interface (ACSI)
IEC 61850-7-3: Basic communication structure for substations and feeder equipment Part 7-3:
Common data classes
IEC 61850-7-4: Basic communication structure for substations and feeder equipment Part 7-4:
Compatible logical node classes and data classes
IEC 60044-7: Instrument Transformers Part 7: Electronic voltage transducers
IEC 60044-8: Instrument Transformers Part 8: Electronic current transducers
IEC 60870-5-103:Telecontrol equipment and systems Part 5: Transmission protocols - Section
103: Companion standard for the informative interface of protection equipment
IEEE 802.3: Information technology--Telecommunications and information exchange between
systems--Local and metropolitan area networks--Specific requirements--Part 3:
Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) access method
and physical layer specifications
Note: This edition includes all contents of the 8802-3:1996 Edition, plus IEEE Std 802.3aa-
1998, IEEE Std 802.3r-1996, IEEE Std 802.3u-1995, IEEE Std 802.3x&y-1997, and
IEEE802.3z-1998.
ISO/IEC 8802-2: Information technology-- Telecommunications and information exchange between
systems--Local and metropolitan area networks--Specific requirements--Part 2:
Logical link control
ISO/IEC8825-1: Information technology ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Basic Encoding
Rules (BER), Canonical Encoding Rules (CER) and Distingished Encoding Rules
(DER)
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 13
3 Definitions
For the purpose of this International Standard, the definitions of IEC 61850-2, IEC 60044-7
and IEC 60044-8 apply.
4 Abbreviations
ACSI Abstract Communication Service Interface
ASDU Application Service Data Unit
APCI Application Protocol Control Information
APDU Application Protocol Data Unit
AUI Attachment Unit Interface
BER ASN.1 Basic Encoding Rules
CSMA / CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Detection
DF Data Frame
DO Data Object
DSG Data Set Group
ECT Electrical Current Transducer
EVT Electrical Voltage Transducer
LLC Logical Link Control
LSAP Link Service Access Point
LSDU Link Layer Service Data Unit
MAC Media Access Control
MU Merging Unit
PDU Protocol Data Unit
SBO Select Before Operate
SC Secondary Converter
SCSM Specific Communication Services Mapping
SIG Status Indication Group
SMV Sampled Measured Value
SMVC Sampled Measured Value Control
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 14
5 Principal of Mapping to serial unidirectional multidrop point to point link
This chapter gives an overview of the mapping to serial unidirectional multidrop point to
point link. It defines the communication stack and data unit structures for the application
layer. Restrictions to the application that are a consequence of this mapping are defined as
well.
5.1 Communication Stack
Figure 4 gives an overview of the communication stack. The link layer is conforming to
ISO/IEC 8802-2 standard. This standard is usually referred to as Ethernet. In the following
the term Ethernet will be used instead of IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD.
Empty
LLC - Sublayer
ISO/IEC 8802-2
MAC - Sublayer
IEEE 802.3
Link Layer
Physical Layer
Empty
Empty
Empty
SCSM for ISO/IEC 8802-2:
Definition of ASDU's
Network Layer
Transport Layer
Session Layer
Presentation Layer
Application Layer
100Base-FX
IEEE 802.3
10Base-T
IEEE 802.3
10Base-FL
IEEE 802.3
AUI-Interface
IEEE 802.3
LSAP
Figure 4 - Communication Stack
Whether 100Base-FX, 10Base-FL or 10Base-T shall be used will be specified by the
relevant device standards, depending on the application.
5.1.1 Physical Layer
5.1.1.1 Specifications for the Medium Attachment Unit (MAU)
The connection of the merging unit to the secondary equipment can be an optical fiber
transmission system. In consideration of requirements to the electromagnetic environment a
copper based transmission system is an option.
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 15
5.1.1.2 Fiber optic transmission system
The preferred version of the fiber optic transmission system is IEEE 802.3 10Base-FL. The
100Base-FX system has to be used for sampling rates above 48 x f
r
(a selection guide is
given in ANNEX B). This interface shall be used for applications where this media interface
is already used for other communication links. As far as possible, the same connectors as in
IEC 60870-5-103 will be supported. Always two fibers are necessary for the optical fiber
transmission system.
5.1.1.3 Twisted-pair transmission system
The twisted-pair medium according to IEEE 802.3 10Base-T could be used as an option, if
appropriate electromagnetic shield measures are considered.
5.1.2 Link Layer
5.1.2.1 MAC - Sublayer
As destination address the Ethernet broadcast address shall to be used as a default value,
which is all ones in the destination address field. For this reason no address configuration is
necessary on publisher side. However the destination address could be configurable as an
optional feature e.g. adjust a multicast address to connect a merging unit via switch to a
process bus segment. As source address a unique Ethernet address shall be used.
If the length of the data link protocol data unit is less then 64 bytes, pad bytes must be
added to guarantee the minimum frame length.
5.1.2.2 LLC - Sublayer
ISO/IEC 8802-2 is used as link layer for the serial unidirectional multidrop point to point link.
The LLC-Conformance Class 1 is used for the Link Layer. The LLC PDU contains the DSAP,
SSAP and Control octet. The DSAP and the SSAP will be set to zero (will be changed after
LSAP registration; see Note), in that way the LLC is associated with the underlying MAC
service access point address. Depending on the LLC-Conformance Class 1 the unnumbered
U-format PDUs must be selected via the control field. The two least significant bit have to
be set to 1 all other must be set to 0. Definition of the LLC PDU see ISO/IEC 8802-2.
Note: As agreed at the WG12-meeting in Arnhem for the sampled measured value transmission an unique LLC-
LSAP number shall be used. This LSAP number has to be registered by the IEEE Authority Registration. The
authority registration office needs the CDV document to start the registration process.
The transmission of the sampled measured value buffer shall be done by the LLC
unacknowledged connectionless-mode service DL-UNITDATA.request.
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 16
5.1.3 Network Layer
This layer is intentionally left empty.
5.1.4 Transport Layer
This layer is intentionally left empty.
5.1.5 Session Layer
This layer is intentionally left empty.
5.1.6 Presentation Layer
Encoding rules are specified in clause 7.
5.2 Restrictions
This specification is restricted to define the communication between the ECT/EVT related
merging unit and devices on bay level which need raw data of ECT and/or EVT for their
algorithms. Referring to the ACSI model only the mapping of the model for sampled
measured value transfer using broadcast/multicast is supported. The sampled measured
value control class is implicit.
The transmission of current and voltage from the merging unit to bay level device is
unidirectional and done in a broadcast/multicast mode.
The devices supporting this transmission will use fully Ethernet compatible interface that
includes all the facilities for easy plug in. This may imply that bi-directional exchanges exist
to establish and maintain good quality transmission. These exchanges will occur between
network management entities, so-called agent, which are not specified in this specification.
Then devices will be capable of either:
Be connected to a single equipment in a point to point way
Be connected to a switch/hub managing a process bus as specified in 9-2.
The different connection possibilities shall not affect the transmission of universal data set
mechanisms.
The use of the Ethernet link in a bi-directional way to support other exchanges should be
possible according to device capability, but it should not impact transmission of universal
data set. Typical case may be synchronization of local clocks, configuration loading, mode
switching These features are outside the scope of this specification.
Using the mapping to the serial unidirectional multidrop point to point link implies some
restrictions to the application:
In a collision domain the use of a switch is mandatory, because the field device will not
handle retransmission in case of collision.
The model for time synchronisation according to IEC 61850-7-2 is not supported in this
specification. The mapping will be described in part 9-2.
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 17
6 Mapping of common types
6.1 Object name
For the transmission of the sampled measured value buffer the object reference are
encoded as integer values. The incidence between the integer values of the data set
identification and the object name shall be ensured by the engineering tool or by agreement
between the vendors of the client and server.
6.2 Object reference
As defined in IEC 61850-7-2 the name structure for the whole path to an instance is as
follows:
<LD name> / <LN name>.<Data name>[.<Data name>]. <Data attribute name>
The object reference in this SCSM concludes the whole path of the class and instance
reference. Other hierarchy levels are not separately accessible.
In detail the SCSM Data Sets are mapped to the object reference as follows:
Table 1 Mapping of the object reference
ACSI Object name SCSM value
<LD name> INTEGER UI16
<LN name>
<LN class name>
INTEGER UI8
LLN0 Logical node zero
<Data name> INTEGER UI8
<Data attribute name> not visible
NOTE It is assumed, that the data sets used for the transmission of sampled measured values include in
many cases data objects from more than one logical node and are therefore allocated in LLN0.
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 18
7 Mapping of the model for transmission of sampled measured values
There are two data sets specified in this document. The universal data set according to IEC
60044-8 and the status indications specified in Annex A.
Each data set is mapped to one sampled measured value control class and to one sampled
measured value buffer.
The transmission buffer refresh rate and the communication update rate are always equal
and not independent from each other. The consequences on publisher level are:
After the sampling procedure is finished the data set will be stored into the transmission
buffer (refresh rate = sampled rate), or more than one data set could be stored into one
APDU frame before the transmission buffer will be refreshed (refresh rate = sampled
rate / n). Description of blocking mechanism see clause 7.4.
Only one data set or APDU can be stored into the transmission buffer, previous entries
will be overwritten.
To avoid data overwriting, the data transmission must be initiated from the
communication system immediately after the buffer update process is finished.
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 19
7.1 Mapping of predefined sampled measured value control class instances
Table 2 Mapping of predefined sampled measured value control class instances regarding to
the transmission of the Universal Data Set according to IEC 60044-8
SMVC attribute Value
SmvcNam Implicit (60044-8 )
SmvID Broadcast MAC address (optional Multicast if
configurable)
<LD instance name> = UI16 = <FFFF H> or configurable DatSetRef
<LN instance name>.<Data object instance name> =
<UI8>.<UI8> = <2>.< 1>
SmpRate fixed
Table 3 Mapping of predefined sampled measured value control class instances regarding to
the transmission of Status Indications
SMVC attribute Value
SmvcNam Implicit (Status Indications)
SmvID Broadcast MAC address (optional Multicast if
configurable)
<LD instance name> = UI16 = <FFFF H> or configurable DatSetRef
<LN instance name>.<Data object instance name> =
<UI8>.<UI8> = <2>.< 2>
SmpRate fixed. The same value is used as specified above for the
universal data set.
7.2 Mapping of the sampled measured values services
Table 4 Mapping of the sampled measured value services
ACSI services Ethernet services
GetMSMVCValue not supported
SetMSMVCValue not supported
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 20
7.3 Mapping of the update of the sampled measured value buffer
According to the specification of IEC 61850-7-2, the communication system is responsible to
update the buffer of the subscriber.
The update is directly mapped on the ISO/IEC 8802-2 LLC sublayer with the following
specialisations:
Service: DL-UNITDATA
LSAP: [tbd]
However, the communication stack used does not provide the following functionality:
Initiating the update of the sampled measured value buffer over the communication link.
This is application layer functionality.
Encode the abstract data types. This is presentation layer functionality.
Concatenate the update of more than one transmission buffer into the same link layer
frame as a transport layer functionality is not supported. The opposite, to segment the
update of one buffer to several link layer frames is not considered, since the maximum
frame length of the link layer protocols is sufficient.
Therefore, the additional definitions of clause 7.4 apply.
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 21
7.4 Additional definitions for the transmission of sampled measured values
Application layer functionality
The SCSM software of the publisher has to send the sampled measured value buffer over
the communication link.
The mapping provides the capability, to concatenate more than one block into one APDU
before the APDU will be posted into the transmission buffer. The number of blocks which
will be concatenated into one APDU are configurable and related to the sample rate. The
concatenation of blocks is not dynamic changeable to reduce the implementation complexity
for simpler devices.
Details are shown in
Figure 5.
No. of Blocks (UI16)
APDU (Application Protocol Data Unit)
ASDU's (Application Service Data Unit)
Block 1
APCI
(Application Protocol Control Information)
Block 2 Block n
Block 1 Block 2 Block n
Length Tag
Figure 5 Concatenation of several ASDU's into one frame
To be compatible to further ASN.1 (BER) encoded sampled measured value data sets
related to the definition in IEC 61850-9-2 an ASN.1 tag and length is added up front as an
part of the APCI. This tag specifies an octet string and is defined as context-specific and
primitive (0x80) according to the ASN.1 basic encoding rules (BER). The ASN.1 grammar
for the sampled measured value messages are defined as follows to ensure data
consistency in combination with further sampled measured value messages as described in
part 9-2 of this standard:
IEC61850 DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
IecSmvPdu ::= CHOICE {
9-1-Pdu [0] IMPLICIT OCTET STRING,
smvPdu [1] IMPLICIT SmvPdu,
-- others TBD
}
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 22
Presentation layer functionality
For the transmission, the sampled measured value buffer is encoded as specified in the
following table:
Table 5 Encoding for the transmission of sampled measured value buffer.
Abstract Buffer Format according to IEC 61850-7-2 Coding in IEC 61850-9-1 Comment
Attribute Name Attribute Type
SMVId VisibleString Broadcast MAC address
is part of the Ethernet
header.
UI16: Length Length of the frame
added as header.
(UI = Unsigned Integer)
OptFlds BIT STRING Not mapped
datSetRef ObjectReference
LNInstanceName
DataSetInstanceName
LDInstanceName
UI8:
UI8:
UI16:
Data Group,
DataSetIdentifier,
Source Identifier,
(naming according to
universal data set)
ListOfSmp SEQUENCE OF Data
AttributeType
Encoding of common data
classes
See NOTE
SmpCnt INTEGER UI16 Counter specification see
IEC 60044-8
refrTim TimeStamp Not mapped
smpRate BIT STRING BS8
[1-8] = Sampling rate
Sampling rates shall be
coded by configuration.
confRev INTEGER UI8 Configuration revision
number will be
incremented each time
that the configuration of
the logical device
changes. Default value is
NULL.
NOTE for the encoding of the listOfDataObjectValues, the rules for the encoding of the common data classes
apply for the SIG. The mapping of the sampled values and status attributes in the universal data set is
optimised according to the specifications in IEC 60044-8. It is not necessary that all possible transducers are
connected to the merging unit. In this case in the universal data set for the current resp. voltage values not used
zeros are transmitted and the relevant data invalid bits are set.
Transport layer functionality
The communication system of the publisher has to send the sampled measured value buffer
over the communication link after every buffer refresh. The buffer refresh rate depends on
the sampling rate and the number of concatenated APDU blocks (see clause 7.4 also).
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 23
8 Mapping of the common data classes
8.1 Overview
For the use of the common data classes defined in IEC 61850-7-3 with the model for the
transmission of sampled measured values, the definitions of clause 8.2 apply.
8.2 Additional definitions for the mapping of the common data classes
The common data classes of IEC 61850-7-3 used in the context of the transmission of
sampled measured values are encoded as specified in the following tables (only operational
attributes are shown):
Table 6 Encoding for the universal data set status attributes.
Common Data Class SPS (IEC 61850-7-3) Coding in IEC 61850-9-1 Comment
Attribute Name Attribute Type
stVal BOOLEAN BOOLEAN
<0> = FALSE, OFF
<1> = TRUE, ON
Status attribute of the
universal data set according
to IEC 60044-8.
q Quality - Not mapped
t TimeStamp - Not mapped
NOTE The transmission of information with the common data class SPS is only supported in the context of the
universal dataset that is defined in IEC 60044-8.
Table 7 Encoding for the universal data set sampled measured value.
Common Data Class MV (IEC 61850-7-3) Coding in IEC 61850-9-1 Comment
Attribute Name Attribute Type
mVal AnalogValue
adVal
i
f
INTEGER
INTEGER
REAL
-
UI16
-
Sampled measured values
of the universal data set
according to IEC 60044-8.
range BIT STRING - Not mapped, see NOTE 1
q Quality
validity ENUMERATION BOOLEAN
<0> = valid
<1> = questionable,
invalid
detail-qual
source
test
operatorBlocked
BIT STRING
ENUMERATION
BOOLEAN
BOOLEAN
-
-
-
-
Not mapped
Not mapped
Not mapped
Not mapped
t TimeStamp - Not mapped, see NOTE 2
NOTE 1 according to IEC 61850-7-3, range is an optional attribute and is not required in the sampled
measured value buffer format defined in IEC 61850-7-2.
NOTE 2 according to IEC 61850-7-3, t is a mandatory attribute. However, in the specification of the sampled
measured value buffer format as defined in IEC 61850-7-2, t is not included with the data object values; there is
only one sample counter attached that indicates the refresh of the universal data set sampled values as
specified in IEC 60044-8.
However, for the universal data set, the encoding of the list of data object values does not
follow some general rules but is instead optimised. The encoding of the list of data object
values is defined in IEC 60044-8.
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 24
Table 8 Encoding for status indications.
Common Data Class SIG (IEC 61850-7-3) Coding in IEC 61850-9-1 Comment
Attribute Name Attribute Type
grpVal BIT STRING BS16
<0> = FALSE, OFF
<1> = TRUE, ON
16 individual values
supported
BS16
<0> = INVALID
<1> = VALID
16 Individual quality
indications defined
q Quality
validity ENUMERATION BS1
<0> = valid
<1> = invalid,
detail-qual BIT STRING BS7
[1] = oscillatory
[2] = failure, external error
[3] = oldData
[4] = inconsistent
[5..7] = reserved
Further elements of detail-
qual not mapped
source
test
operatorBlocked
ENUMERATION
BOOLEAN
BOOLEAN
-
-
-
Not mapped
Not mapped
Not mapped
t TimeStamp
SecondsSinceReference INTEGER UI32
FractionOfSecond INTEGER UI21
Reserved BIT STRING BS3
TimeQuality TimeQuality
FaultClockFailure BOOLEAN BS1
<0> = FALSE,
<1> = TRUE,
Time function is unreliable
ClockNotSynchronized BOOLEAN BS1
<0> = FALSE,
<1> = TRUE,
Clock is not synchronised to
reference source.
TimeAccuracy ENUMERATED UI3 Reserved
LeapSecondNegative BIT STRING BS1
<0> = FALSE,
<1> = TRUE,
FALSE = Leap second was
added,
TRUE = Leap second was
deleted.
LeapSecondOccured BIT STRING BS1
<0> = FALSE,
<1> = TRUE,
TRUE = Leap second
insertion or removal
occured.
Reserved BIT STRING BS1
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 25
Annex A (normative)
Definition of data sets
Data Group = 2 (Data Set Group)
Data set for universal use
(This data set is defined in IEC 60044-8, an overview is shown in ANNEX C)
Data set for Status Indications
Octets 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
1 msb
2
Length Length = 15
lsb
3 msb LNInstanceName = 2 lsb
4 msb DataSetInstanceName = 2 lsb
5 msb
6
Data
set
name
LDInstanceName
lsb
7 S16 S15 S14 S13 S12 S11 S10 S9
8 S8 S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1
9 Q16 Q15 Q14 Q13 Q12 Q11 Q10 Q9
10 Q8 Q7 Q6 Q5 Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1
11 Re Re Re IC OD EE OS IV
12 2
31
2
24
13 2
23
2
16
14 2
15
2
8
15 2
7
SecondsSinceReference
2
0
16 RE LO LN Reserved NS CF
17 RE 2
16
18 2
15
2
8
19
SIG
2
7
FractionOfSecond
2
0
20 msb
21
SC Sample Counter
lsb
22 SR msb Sample Rate lsb
23 CR msb Configuration Revision lsb
Figure A. 1 Data set for Status Indications
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 26
ANNEX B (informative)
The following tables can be used as a guideline for the selection of the appropriate physical
layer related to the transmission of sampled measured values. The shaded text indicates
the rated values according to IEC 60044-8.
Table B. 1 Selection guide for Ethernet physical layer (receiving node)
Number of connected MUs Sampling Rate
1 2 3 4 5
10 x fr 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 10 Mbps
12 x fr 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 10 Mbps
16 x fr 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 10 Mbps
20 x fr 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 10 Mbps
40 x fr 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 100 Mbps
48 x fr 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 10 Mbps 100 Mbps
80 x fr 10 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps
200 x fr 100 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps
400 x fr 100 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps n/a
Note for 400xfr : The available bandwidth of 100 Mbps Ethernet is not sufficient to allow three or more MUs
transmit their samples to one receiving device.
Table B. 2 Selection guide for Ethernet physical layer (sending node)
Sampling Rate 1
10 x fr 10 Mbps
12 x fr 10 Mbps
16 x fr 10 Mbps
20 x fr 10 Mbps
40 x fr 10 Mbps
48 x fr 10 Mbps
80 x fr 10 Mbps
200 x fr 100 Mbps
400 x fr 100 Mbps
fr: Rated frequency (Hz).
Available Data rate: S
R
x T
L
x n
MU
<= D
R
D
R
: Data rate (10Mbps or 100Mbps).
S
R
: Sampling rate (Hz).
T
L
: Max. telegram length; (27Byte Ethernet frame + 3 Byte LLC-Header + 2 Byte ASN.1
tag/length + 2 Byte No. of blocks + 46 Byte universal data set + 23 Byte status indications =
103Byte x 8Bit = 824Bit + 96Bit interFrameGap = 920Bit)
n
MU
: Number of connected MUs
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 27
Example: (400 x 60Hz) x 920Bit x 1 = 22,080 Mbps <= 100 Mbps
Note: The above equation to determine the available data rate is theoretically only. Practically it should
calculated with a reserve of approximately 10 %. In real applications the available data rate depends normally
on the CPU-power within the sender or receiver.
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 28
Overview of Ethernet Frame Structure
The Ethernet frame format is shown in Table B. 1
2
7
2
6
2
5
2
4
2
3
2
2
2
1
2
0
7 Octets Preamble
1 Octet Start of frame
Destination address
Source address
Header
14 Octets
Length of data
DSAP
SSAP
Header
LLC
Control
Tag
ASN.1 (BER)
Length
No. of Blocks
Data
(Pad bytes if necessary)
Footer
4 Octets
Frame check sequence
1 Octet End of frame
Figure B. 1 - Ethernet Frame Format
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 29
ANNEX C (informative)
Mapping of the data set object names
The following tables shows the relationship between the universal data set and status
indications data set object names on the on hand and the compatible logical node classes
and data classes defined in part 7-4 of this standard on the other hand.
Table C. 1 Mapping of the universal data set object names
Attribute Type Definition
DataSetInstanceName INTEGER For the universal data set according to IEC 60044-8 the
integer value is set to 1
Data-Reference See next table
Logical node
instance name
Data name Common
data class
Definition
PhsATCTR AmpsR MV Rated phase current:
Defines the rated current in Ampere r.m.s.
NeutTCTR AmpsR MV Rated neutral current
Defines the rated neutral current in Ampere r.m.s.
PhsATVTR VoltsR MV Rated phase voltage
Defines the rated voltage in 1/10 kV r.m.s.
TCTR
TVTR
Tdr MV Rated delay time
Defines the rated delay time in s. The rated delay time indicates
the time between the instant a certain current/voltage is present at
the primary terminals and the instant the transmission of the
belonging digital data set starts. According to this standard
synchronisation pulses are used to synchronise several merging
units. Therefore the rated delay time is not relevant for the
ECT/EVT accuracy. The rated delay time value shall be high
enough to allow reasonable antialiasing filters in the merging unit,
but it shall not be so high that it significantly affects protection
device performance. Therefore the rated delay time for this
standard should be 3000 s (tolerance band 100% to +10%) for
all sampled rates.
Tdr is not defined in part 7-4.
PhsATCTR Amps MV Current phase A, used for protection
PhsBTCTR Amps MV Current phase B, used for protection
PhsCTCTR Amps MV Current phase C, used for protection
NeutTCTR Amps MV Current neutral
PhsATCTR Amps2 MV Current phase A; different scaling; used for measurement.
PhsBTCTR Amps2 MV Current phase B; different scaling; used for measurement.
PhsCTCTR Amps2 MV Current phase C; different scaling; used for measurement.
PhsATVTR Volts MV Voltage phase A
PhsBTVTR Volts MV Voltage phase B
PhsCTVTR Volts MV Voltage phase C
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 30
Logical node
instance name
Data name Common
data class
Definition
NeutTVTR Volts MV Voltage neutral
BBTVTR Volts MV Busbar Voltage
LPHD PHHealth ISI Merging unit maintenance required:
This attribute is part of the first status word defined in IEC 60044-
8.
If the merging unit has failed the maintenance required status shall
be set.
<0> = Maintenance not required
<1> = Maintenance required
The stVal attribute will be mapped to BIT STRING
LLN0 Mode ISC Merging unit test status:
This attribute is part of the first status word defined in IEC 60044-
8.
This status shall be set if the merging unit operates in test mode
and calculates sampled values internally.
<0> = Normal operation
<1> = Test mode activated
The stVal attribute will be mapped to BIT STRING
LPHD WkUpTim SPS Wake up time indication:
This attribute is part of the first status word defined in IEC 60044-
8.
Wake up time indication shall be set during a wake up time period
respectively start up time period corresponding with the sampled
value invalid indication.
<0> = Normal operation
<1> = Data not valid
WkUpTim is not defined in part 7-4.
LPHD SynchMeth SPS Synchronisation method:
This attribute is part of the first status word defined in IEC 60044-
8.
The synchronisation method indicates whether the sampled values
of the data set are suitable for interpolation or the data set values
cannot be used with interpolation schemes.
<0> = Data set values not to be used with interpolation schemes
<1> = Data set values are suitable for interpolation; Not
recommended for 9-1 applications.
SynchMeth is not defined in part 7-4.
LPHD NotSynch SPS Merging Unit not synchronised:
This attribute is part of the first status word defined in IEC 60044-
8.
If interpolation schemes is defined via the synchronisation method
the not synchronised bit must be set.
<0> = Time synchronization activated and ready.
<1> = Time synchronization missing or invalid.
NotSynch is not defined in part 7-4.
LPHD CTType SPS Type of CT output:
This attribute is part of the first status word defined in IEC 60044-
8.
Type of CT output shall be set to indicate the use of air core coils.
<0> = i(t)
<1> = d(i(t))/dt; air core coils.
CTType is not defined in part 7-4.
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 31
Table C. 2 Mapping of the status indication data set object names
Attribute Type Definition
DataSetInstanceName INTEGER For the status indication data set the integer value is set to 2
Data-Reference See next table
Logical node
name
Data name Common
data class
Definition
GGIO BinIn SPS Binary Status Indication:
Individual binary status inputs and related quality status
indications. Quality bit for each status point gives the sending unit
merging unit - the ability to tag the specific bits as invalid to
indicate unused or disabled status points to the receiving IED.
Binary status input: <0> FALSE, OFF
<1> TRUE, ON
Quality Indication: <0> INVALID
<1> VALID
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 32
2
7
2
6
2
5
2
4
2
3
2
2
2
1
2
0
Byte 1 Header msb
Length of block ( = 43)
Byte 2 lsb
Byte 3 msb
Data group ( =02) lsb
Byte 4 General data msb
DataSetIdentifier (=01) lsb
Byte 5 msb
Source
Byte 6 Identifier lsb
Byte 7 msb
Rated Phase Current
Byte 8 (I
r
) lsb
Byte 9 msb
Rated Neutral Current
Byte 10 (In
r
) lsb
Byte 11 msb
Rated Phase Voltage
Byte 12 (U
r
) lsb
Byte 13 msb
Rated Delay Time
Byte 14 (t
dr
)
lsb
Byte 15 Dataset msb
Current Phase A, prot.
Byte 16 (A.PhsA) lsb
Byte 17 msb
Current Phase B, prot.
Byte 18 (A.PhsB) lsb
Byte 19 msb
Current Phase C, prot.
Byte 20 (A.PhsC) lsb
Byte 21 msb
Current Neutral
Byte 22 (A.Neut) lsb
Byte 23 msb
Current Phase A, mes.
Byte 24 (A.PhsA) lsb
Byte 25 msb
Current Phase B, mes.
Byte 26 (A.PhsB) lsb
Byte 27 msb
Current Phase C, mes.
Byte 28 (A.PhsC) lsb
Byte 29 msb
Voltage Phase A
Byte 30 (V.PhsA)
lsb
Byte 31 msb
Voltage Phase B
Byte 32 (V.PhsB) lsb
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 33
2
7
2
6
2
5
2
4
2
3
2
2
2
1
2
0
Byte 33 msb
Voltage Phase C
Byte 34 (V.PhsC) lsb
Byte 35 msb
Voltage Neutral
Byte 36 (V.Neut) lsb
Byte 37 msb
Busbar Voltage
Byte 38 (V.BB) lsb
Byte 39 msb
Status
Byte 40 lsb
Byte 41 msb
Status
Byte 42 lsb
Byte 43 msb
Counter
Byte 44 lsb
Byte 45
msb
Sampling rate
lsb
Byte 46
msb
Configuration revision no.
lsb
Figure C. 1 IEC 60044-8 Contents of the frame
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 34
ANNEX D (informative)
Application Service Data Unit (ASDU)
The ACSI describes abstract services. They create objects with different attributes which
shall be transported via the link described in this mapping. The objects applicable for this
mapping are the buffer with the sampled measured values and the status indications. The
ACSI data objects and Common Data Classes are mapped to an application service data
unit inside the point to point link. The structure of the application service data unit (ASDU) is
given in Figure D. 1:
Octets
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
1 msb
2
Length
lsb
3
Header
msb Data Group lsb
Data
Figure D. 1 ASDU Application Service Data Unit
ASDU ::= SEQUENCE
{
Length INTEGER,
DataGroup ENUMERATED,
Data OCTET STRING
}
The length field contains the length of the ASDU. The length is given in octets and is
calculated as the length of one ASDU without the Header (Length and Data Group). The
length 0 is reserved. The data group value specifies the type of data. The value 2 is defined
for the universal data set and the status indications.
IEC 61850-9-1 IEC:2001 57/533/CDV 35
Description of the Data Set Group
The structure of the data group for data sets is shown in Figure D. 2.
Octets 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
1 msb DataSetIdentifier lsb
2 msb
3
SourceIdentifier
lsb
DataObjects
Figure D. 2 Data Set Group
DSG := SEQUENCE
{
DataSetIdentifier INTEGER,
SourceIdentifier INTEGER,
DataObjects OCTET STRING
}
The DataSetIdentifier is a unique number for the structure of the dataset. For the purpose of
this standard the data sets are predefined. The enumeration of the indexes is given in
Annex A.
This data set group contains the universal data set defined by IEC 60044-8 and the Status
Indication Group as specified in Annex A.
The SourceIdentifier specifies the Logical Devices by a unique number within the
communication system.
The following values are defined for the SourceIdentifier:
Value 0000 H is reserved as a default value for configurable merging units.
Value FFFF H is used for merging units that are not configurable. These merging
unit will use the broadcast MAC address.
All DataObjects of a data set shall be sampled at the same time.