Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 86 views

    Radar Basics Mode S Reply Encoding

    Uploaded by

    KisturMeena
    Mode S radar uses pulse position modulation to encode data in the timing of signal pulses. A Mode S reply consists of a preamble and data block. The preamble is 8 microseconds with 4 pulses spaced 1, 3.5, and 4.5 microseconds apart. The data block is either 56 or 112 microseconds encoding 56 or 112 bits of data including an identifier, surveillance information, and aircraft address with parity. Longer replies can include an additional 56-bit message or 80-bit extended message. The formats encode different types of surveillance and communication data for air traffic control and collision avoidance systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Radar Basics Mode S Reply Encoding

    Uploaded by

    KisturMeena
    86 views1 page
    Mode S radar uses pulse position modulation to encode data in the timing of signal pulses. A Mode S reply consists of a preamble and data block. The preamble is 8 microseconds with 4 pulses spaced 1, 3.5, and 4.5 microseconds apart. The data block is either 56 or 112 microseconds encoding 56 or 112 bits of data including an identifier, surveillance information, and aircraft address with parity. Longer replies can include an additional 56-bit message or 80-bit extended message. The formats encode different types of surveillance and communication data for air traffic control and collision avoidance systems.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Mode S radar uses pulse position modulation to encode data in the timing of signal pulses. A Mode S reply consists of a preamble and data block. The preamble is 8 microseconds with 4 pulses spaced 1, 3.5, and 4.5 microseconds apart. The data block is either 56 or 112 microseconds encoding 56 or 112 bits of data including an identifier, surveillance information, and aircraft address with parity. Longer replies can include an additional 56-bit message or 80-bit extended message. The formats encode different types of surveillance and communication data for air traffic control and collision avoidance systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    86 views1 page

    Radar Basics Mode S Reply Encoding

    Uploaded by

    KisturMeena
    Mode S radar uses pulse position modulation to encode data in the timing of signal pulses. A Mode S reply consists of a preamble and data block. The preamble is 8 microseconds with 4 pulses spaced 1, 3.5, and 4.5 microseconds apart. The data block is either 56 or 112 microseconds encoding 56 or 112 bits of data including an identifier, surveillance information, and aircraft address with parity. Longer replies can include an additional 56-bit message or 80-bit extended message. The formats encode different types of surveillance and communication data for air traffic control and collision avoidance systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 1

    7/27/2014 Radar Basics

    http://www.radartutorial.eu/13.ssr/sr24.en.html 1/1
    Figure 1: Mode S - pulse position modulation (PPM)
    Figure 2: Content of the short messages
    data block
    Downlink
    format
    message
    format
    Content
    DF0 Fig. 2 Short Air to Air ACAS
    DF4 Bild 2
    Surveillance (roll call)
    Altitude
    DF5 Bild 2
    Surveillance (roll call)
    IDENT Reply
    DF11 Fig. 2
    Mode S Only All-Call Reply
    (Acq. Squitter if II=0)
    DF16 Fig. 3 Long Air to Air ACAS
    DF17 Fig. 3 1090 Extended Squitter
    DF19 Military Extended Squitter
    DF20
    DF21
    Fig. 3
    Comm. B Altitude, IDENT
    Reply
    DF22 Military use only
    DF24 Fig. 4
    Comm. D Extended Length
    Message (ELM)
    Table 1: Mode S Downlink format numbers
    Figure 3: Content of the long messages data block (communication reply)
    Figure 4: Content of an extended length message data block (communication
    reply)
    Radartutorial.eu
    Mode S Reply Encoding
    Mode S replies consists of a certain number of pulses at a 1 s spacing. (The bit update rate allows a
    1 s per data bit transfer rate that can be translated to a one megabit per second data rate.) The
    Mode S reply consists of two distinct parts:
    1. a preamble and
    2. a data block.
    Pulse position modulation is a form of signal modulation in which the data information is encoded in the
    time delay between pulses in a sequence of signal pulses.
    Preamble
    Every Mode S reply starts with a preamble with a length of 8 microseconds. The pattern of the preamble
    consists of four pulses with a length of 0.5 microseconds per pulse. The interspaces (to the first pulse)
    are 1; 3.5 and 4.5 microseconds.
    Data block
    The data block consists of either 56 or 112 bits with a length of either 56 or 112 microseconds. The short data block format is
    divided in a format identifier of 5 bits, a surveillance and control word of 27 bits and the 24 bits for the individual airplane code
    including a parity information.
    The longer downlink formats using 112 bit length of data block can exhibit
    an additional message field of 56 bits, or an extended length message
    field of 80 bits. All messages content the airplanes identification number
    including a parity information in co-operation with the surveillance and communication control word.
    The format number defines 25 coding formats. Each Mode S downlink format has a particular purpose. The
    formats DF0, DF4, DF5, DF11, DF16, DF20, DF21 and DF24 are used in civil aviation at present. The format DF0
    provides informations for ACAS. The DF17 format is used for the ADS-B system.
    Replies with the DF0 format are responses to ACAS or TCAS interrogations. Downlink format 16s are
    transmissions which are used by ACAS or TCAS units to communicate between aircraft. The responses for
    ground based interrogations have the DF4 format. DF11 and DF17 are squittered by Mode S transponders at a
    nominal rate of 1 Hz.
    The downlink format DF24 is the one and only
    format number beginning with two High-bits
    and contains an extended length message
    data block. The decoder need to examinate
    these two bits only for reading this format
    number. The amount of bits can be shorten in
    the format number block therefore, as shown
    in Figure 4.
    8 s 56 s (or 112 s) = 56 or 112 bit
    preamble data block
    clock
    5 27 bits 24 bits
    format
    number
    surv. & comm.
    control
    address
    (parity)
    5 27 bits 56 bits 24 bits
    format
    number
    surv. & comm.
    control
    message field addresss
    (parity)
    2 6 80 bits 24 bits
    format
    number
    comm.
    control
    message field addresss
    (parity)

    You might also like